Friends: I realize that I did not thoroughly answer the question asked by the commenter around which I framed this video. She more precisely wanted to see the similarities between the early manuscripts and today's standard Quran text, perhaps in a similar way to that with which I show variants or corrections (for example, the parallel modern text, and so forth). I indirectly answered this, but I presume that she (and maybe others) would like to see ways in which manuscripts reflect the text as we have it today. I think that this will come out over time as we look at corrections and variants, with surrounding text reflecting the standard text. So, what I wanted to do here was just give a very general and high level sense of the density, nature, and range of variance (orthographic and otherwise). I hope that helps. Thank you for good comments which give me ideas of where to go next. Best wishes, Daniel.
Thank you ☺ As muslims we know that there are differences(vowels/words) in the modern versions of the quran due to different readings/riwayat and we know that from the time of the prophet but the meaning still the same For me i have quran in WARSH and you can easly see the difference with the HAfs version for exemple but it is the same meaning Actually there is a HADITH talks about it (the differencese between textes) but my english isn't that good to translate it correctly 😕
@@khadijamoutawakil5300 absolutely No! It's NOT the SAME. The different words in HAF's Quran and WARSCH Qurans have different MEANINGS! It has absolutely got NOTHING to do with different readings.
@@khadijamoutawakil5300 Variant Qurans mean different kinds of Qurans. They are NOT THE SAME! Hatun Tash and her team at DCCI have found over 90 000 DIFFERENCES! The Qurans have CHANGED over the centuries!
@@walkietalkie8635 Can you give me an exemple of different meanings ☺ Are you an arabic speaker ? Just wanna know And i know what it means "VARIANT QURANS" i can understand english but i'm not very good at it
Great stuff Dr.Brubaker. I enjoy your videos. I hope your channels keeps growing so that others may learn of your amazing work. I also got your book. Haven't finished it but so far I really like. Its easy to understand and easy to remember.
He's speaking about the hadith's that are contradictory about the history of the 7 Qur'an recitations and the different interpretation's of the allowance of the 7 Qur'an recitations and being allowed to do certain things like pronouncing the Arabic Words as long as the meaning doesn't change and allowing 7 different words as long as the meaning isn't changed these things were debated as well as the allowance of the evolution of the Arabic written scripts.
@imu70 The Book actually says early CORRECTIONS in the Qur'an manuscripts and not early Qur'an manuscripts corruption unlike your Books New Testament Corruption The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption, and Restoration (4th Edition) 4th Edition by Bruce M. Metzger www.amazon.com/Text-New-Testament-Transmission-Restoration/dp/019516122X/ref=pd_lpo_14_t_1/131-8403250-4494539?_encoding=UTF8&pd_rd_i=019516122X&pd_rd_r=3e5a449f-3133-426b-a7e7-01bd60a445be&pd_rd_w=nHiB9&pd_rd_wg=pzPt8&pf_rd_p=7b36d496-f366-4631-94d3-61b87b52511b&pf_rd_r=ZHK0RH9ZTJC7TC8E79WA&psc=1&refRID=ZHK0RH9ZTJC7TC8E79WA
@imu70 Early CORRECTIONS in the Qur'an Manuscripts the title speaks for itself and not Early Qur'an Manuscripts Corruption please understand what your reading. Now the 7 Qur'an recitations given to Muhammad are a different subject altogether but this video is about Early Qur'an Manuscripts errors and correction, not corruption. Your think you have evidence to attack Islam but you don't have anything.
Glorious Quran the name is Yahshua and Isaiah predicted the coming of Yahshua and all the pagan god are not like Yahshua Roman Catholics try to fit it in that’s why we have orthodox and Protestant
@@yidiandianpang Yes there is references. Sahih muslim : book 8 volume 3424 That is the proof that it was happing. The next reference is the proof that it was suppose to be in the quran. Refrence for breast feeding adults sunan ibn majah 1944 I know it is embarrassing but this is the book and prophet Muslims choose to follow. I hope you are truly being inquisitive with a heart that's searching for the truth because once you do i have no doubt that you will see islam for what it really is.
God bless you from Pakistan, I'm also a Christian apologist but many Muslims against me. So please pray for me and my family. Because I have no proper job. Last time my boss threating me. He said to me, I blasmy case 295c you and your family. So please pray for me and my family
I don't mind you criticizing the quran but what i do mind is the false pagan trinity and i don't think you have to be a muslim to believe that why be a unitarian christian (biblical) and still think islam is false
This is so interesting! I really appreciate that you keep the videos short enough for us non-academics to follow quite easily. Thank you for sharing and keep up the good work, Dr Brubaker.
The book by M.M. Al-Azami looks very interesting. The spacings you discuss at the 9:44 mark appear to have just been done by digital image editing. I'm not sure exactly how, I can't see any obvious separators, so whoever did it must have spent a lot of painstaking time on it to make it look seamless.
Thank you for this insight. Yes, it does appear that there was digital editing in order to adjust the spacing. If so, and the images have been edited, this would make the book of limited use for scholarly purposes. Best, DB
Thank you so much for your hard work Dr. Brubaker! I'm truly loving the new book and I'm excited to see what you decide to include in your more dense scholarly piece. God bless.
Hi Dr. Brubaker, What is the oldest manuscript that conforms perfectly with the standard Hafs reading of today, without any corrections or mistakes? Would you be able to provide an example of both the earliest complete and fragmentary script that is identical to this reading?
In regards to the editing style, editing is fine and quite often useful and can even be used for emphasis or comedic effect. The sheer volume of edits particularly in a single phrase can be distracting. The concern is that the viewer is no longer paying attention to the information but are counting, or even worse, becoming agitated at the break in the flow of the phrase. Thank you for the work you do.
A big fat NOOOOO! You muslims like your prophet have been trying for CENTURIES to convince Christians that we worship the same GOD! No!! We DON'T worship the same GOD!
@@walkietalkie8635 you are right muslims worship the God of abraham while the Christians worship jesus Christians are following Paul and Constantine the great not jesus
@@walkietalkie8635 you are correct we do not worship the same god .we believe the god of Abraham and Moses that does not beget or is begotten the one and only. You believe in a mangod that died for your sins on a cross. You believe in a god that was preached by Paul not by Jesus and his disciples. Also the Jews believe as we Muslims believe. Also the Jews hate the fact that you Christians put the so called gospels on top of their holy book .they won’t even go inside your church to pray because they believe you are far away from the true god.
Hi Bye the Satan is a liar and Islam was founded on lies and right now they have 37 different Arabic Quran and they are not the same words,go and listen to Mimi Heijab and your Muslims scholars is everywhere that you Quran was not preserved at all, in 1924 all the Quran was destroyed In Egypt because they were not the same but they failed miserably, Muslim there’s a vile covering your heart and repent and be save, your prophet is not sure if he makes paradise.
@Shalom These are not corruption but scribal errors where we can easily reconstruct the text. This is unlike the Bible where there is no way where you can construct the text.
I have a couple of questions and if anyone else in the audience can help I would also be grateful! 1) Are you going to make any videos about the serious theological and legal implications of variant Qurans? e.g legal rulings from different schools of Islam due to different Qurans. I only know of Surah 2 where there is confusion whether it's one or multiple people you need to feed to forgive not fasting during Ramadan. Are there others? 2) What is the oldest Quran manuscript we have? How does it differ to today's Quran? What are the important ways it differs and can we tell what manuscripts are likely close to the authentic original Muhammad preached?
The answer to #1 is "yes," but this sort of video will usually follow in the wake of an academic paper or writing that I am doing for a book. Considering theological implications takes time and reflection, and also the ability to recognize the candidates for such a possibility out of the hundreds of others that may not be so significant. It is also often somewhat speculative in many cases. The most robust example of a correction that was possibly theologically motivated is that if Q4:127 in BnF arabe 328, where Dr. David Powers has built an entire case around this single textual issue over a period of many years. He develops his argument in the (rather technical) book "Muhammad is not the father of any of your men." I do recommend it to those interested, but also use it to illustrate how much goes into these questions ... it is more than just a series of videos, though it will be great if videos follow after such discoveries. As to #2, there are some fragments with radiocarbon date ranges that could place the parchment within the lifetime of Muhammad, or even possibly a little before. We will discuss this more over time as well. Thanks for the questions, DB
There's no Theological differences between the 7 Qur'an recitations given to Muhammad from Allah by Gabriel. Surah 2 and the sin of not being able to fast because of being weak and the giving of charity as a sin redemption of doing righteousness and the 2 Qur'an recitations one saying to give charity to a single person and the other saying give charity to multiple people like a charity organization isn't a theological contradiction just a choice of helping a homeless person or adonating food to a homeless shelter. The sin redemption is performing righteous deeds to the poor unlike Christianity where the sin redemption is to do harmful tortuous deeds and killing an innocent man named Jesus the Messiah. The oldest Qur'an manuscript we have is from the lifetime of Muhammad called the Birmingham Quran manuscript. It's exactly like the Qur'an we have today with no changes, The leaves preserve parts of Surahs 18 (Al-Kahf) to 20 (Taha). Radiocarbon dated to between 568 and 645 CE 7 Oldest Qurans in the World www.oldest.org/religion/qurans/ This is a good Book Variant Qur'an readings. www.muslim-library.com/dl/books/English_VARIANT_READINGS_OF_THE_QURAN_A_CRITICAL_STUDY_OF_THEIR_HISTORICAL_AND_LINGUISTIC_ORIGINS.pdf Watch this video also. th-cam.com/video/3pcenpnMVVE/w-d-xo.html You can check almost all early Quran manuscripts from this site it also has the 7 Qur'an variant recitations just click the English and the video will show you how to use it and it's still under construction so some of it is still in German. corpuscoranicum.de/ to download the Topkapi manuscript ar.islamway.net/book/15758/%D.. The Qur'anic Manuscripts www.islamic-awareness.org/quran/text/mss/
@Great These stories are allegorical and not factual these stories are based on real people but are told as teaching lessons about sin repentance judgment and forgiveness and this is the views of Christian and Jewish Scholars themselves only missionary and certain Christians take these stories as absolutely factual historical evidence and true history as well as scientific facts of creation and the 6 thousand year old Earth others don't take these stories as the history of humanity. Allegorical interpretations of Genesis en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegorical_interpretations_of_Genesis Christian Bible reference to an Old Testament story as allegorical In the King James version of the Bible, Galatians 4:21-31, Paul describes the Genesis story of Abraham's sons as an allegory. Other translations convey a similar sentiment: Galatians 4:21-31 Various Interpretations of Genesis www.talkorigins.org/faqs/interpretations.html The creation account is an allegory; its message is the spiritual truth contained in the allegory. This is a very old position in Christian interpretation, although until the conflict with science developed the account was usually (but not always) thought to be true both literally and allegorically." Should We Take Creation Stories in Genesis Literally? www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/biblical-topics/bible-interpretation/creation-stories-in-genesis/ The Qur'an is the same Allah says he uses allegorical stories and true stories as teachings parables just like the Bible this is God's way. As for those in whose hearts is perversity, they follow the allegorical verses, seeking to mislead and seeking to give (their own) interpretation. None know their (i.e., allegorical verses') interpretation except Allah and those who are firmly rooted in knowledge…” (3:7)
@Great Adam and Eve according to some Scholars and Qur'an Scholars were a group of people different tribes and races already created and then placed on Earth and that's how Cain went east of Eden and took a wife from a different African tribe it's only logical. The Adam and Eve story was told as a teaching about sin repentance and forgiveness but the story is based on the fall and evil of humanity like Cain killing his brother and humanity rejecting God Almighty by following evil people telling them to reject guidance and the heavily laws.
@Great Human variation is microscopic compared with dogs, and they all came from wolves comparatively recently. "some genetic evidence suggest[s] that today's humans are descended from a very small population of between 1,000 and 10,000 breeding pairs that existed about 70,000 years ago." Let's assume for the sake of argument that there was a first couple (which might have been members of a larger population who shared a mutation that tipped them over some threshold) 80,000 years ago. That's 32,000 generations, which is time for quite a lot of mutation and adaptation, and corresponds to a 0.07% increase per generation to reach a total population of 8 000 000 000. This is not an argument that all humans DID come from a single pair, but a demonstration that they COULD have. Humans are actually ASTONISHINGLY similar under the skin: "While the genetic difference between individual humans today is minuscule - about 0.1%, on average - study of the same aspects of the chimpanzee genome indicates a difference of about 1.2%. The bonobo (Pan paniscus), which is the close cousin of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), differs from humans to the same degree." (The Smithsonian.) "Surprisingly, even though all the chimpanzees live in relatively close proximity, chimpanzees from different populations were substantially more different genetically than humans living on different continents. That is despite the fact that the habitats of two of the groups are separated only by a river." (Oxford University.) If there is any species for which an origin from a single couple is plausible, humans are it.
There are many illuminated manuscripts, though the earliest ones are not illuminated. Illumination means any sort of embellishment or ornamentation. Illumination often involves colors of ink other than that used to write the main text. Sometimes in involves the application of gold leaf, etc. Usually the illuminations in Quran manuscripts are either geometric patterns, architectural representations, or vegetal forms, not animals or people. In modernity, there is a recent publication in the United States where a translation of the Quran is set on backdrops of pictures of modern scenes, so things like this exist now... but that one is a printed edition and not a manuscript. I am not an expert on all time periods, so cannot speak particularly to the whole range of diversity of manuscript representations in later times. Good question, thank you. DB
Holey holey Qurans and holes are getting bigger and bigger. The truth is slowly seeping out, islam is false plain and simple. Thank you sir for your hard work. Love from Pakistan✊❤️
Good evening, I wanted to know if it is possible to compare and see if there are variations between the Codex Parisino-petropolitanus, the Samarkand Kufic Quran, the Topkapi manuscript and the Birmingham Quran manuscript. This will help us to understand if the older QURANs have any differences between them. I could possibly add the Sana'a manuscript. Besides, do these manuscripts cover the same parts of the modern Quran? Best regards,
No, you are correct. It is a different way of addressing the same thing. But, I took the opportunity to paint the relative picture once again. Thanks, DB
Dr Brubaker. You have initiated a new area of research which can lead to billion of muslim questioning their long held beliefs in their sacred texts. I commend you for that. Perhaps you can make your video presentation more focus with your topic. Have a plan on what you want to cover rather than rely on your impromptu thoughts -which can come across as wavering. Learn from season you tubers on how they communicate -I can think of non other than Dr David Wood or Dr Jay Smith. God bless your work.
they claim that it is preserved down to the letter, that every single quraan in print today is exactly the same with no variations. However there are more than 36 different quraans in print today with over 96000 variations in definition meaning intention spelling sentence construction.
Even if we assume this person is not lying, finding contradicting manuscripts doesn't disprove the preservation of the Qur'an because these can be attributed to copyist errors or errors in memory of the individual who wrote them. History is arbitrary about whose written works get preserved and whose don't. The Qur'an has been memorized and transmitted en masse by people all over the world. By the 7th century, there were people who knew the entire Qur'an by heart from the middle east all the way to China and Russia, and many of these communities have been isolated from the rest of the Muslims since then until the invention of the internet. The Qur'an has never been revised or edited. Preservation by mass memorization is far superior to preservation in writing, because we're not at the mercy of the handful of manuscripts that survive, we have access to millions of live people who know it by heart and who have always been able to cross-reference with tens, if not hundreds of others in their community to correct each other. You can bring a hafidh from the most remote and isolated muslim communities of China, Russia, and Africa, who have never been exposed to anyone outside of their own village, and show them the letters that the African slaves in America wrote from memory in their Arabic letters, they will all be able to identify them and verify them independently, and their verdicts would agree. You could ask them to recite alongside each other, and they would all agree. Finally, most of these "ex-muslins" are fake. They are Christian missionaries trained to pretend to be real Muslims. They will not last 5 minutes if a real Muslim quizzes them without internet access about fundamental knowledge in Islam that every Muslim knows. You never see them pick a specific example of these supposed disagreements or contradictions and break it down, because they know that anyone with basic knowledge of Arabic will debunk them. And on the rare occasion that they do it, that's exactly what happens.
So tell me, which Arabic version of the quran do you use and why that one? Or do you not even know that there are some 40 different versions of the Arabic quran we know of? Of course all these qurans were written by unknown authors. And how do you deal with all the mistakes, discrepancies, inconsistencies and contradictions in that quran as well as the approval of evil such as raping women who have been captures in battle (surah 33:50) which is adultery and wife beating (surah 4:34) as well as child marriage (surah 65:4) which means that Mohammed and his allah approved of raping little prepubescent girls. And we see that Mohammed led by example when he married a 6 year old child and then raped that child when it was just 9 years old. Clearly Mohammed disqualified himself as a prophet of GOD by the evil he perpetrated. And remember all of islam is only based what Mohammed maybe recited and how he lived. So tell me, why do you even believe that you will be with GOD in heaven on judgement day when you follow Mohammed? And do show the quran verses on which you base your belief. Remember our ONE TRUE GOD of the Bible promises every person that if they accept Jesus as their saviour and follow what Jesus commanded until they die, they will be with GOD in heaven. As Mohammed claimed to be the final prophet, surely he promised the same for people who follow Mohammed? If not where does it leave you my friend?
Dr Daniel, please clarify if vowelisation and diacritical marks are part of later language evolution, how was the equivalence from older version of arabic language to later version achieved without human discretion.....
Halo Dr. Brubaker, do you have plan to translate your book into Bahasa Indonesia? It will be a great pleasure your book can start a good discussion about development of quranic manuscripts among Indonesian scholars and people..
Very interesting video's, i really enjoy the level of academia. I also have a quistion, becouse there is a lot of discussion about the so called qi'rat and that all differences found in the quran are just qi'rat. Could you give a clear example of something that is qi'rat and a an example where a word or sentence can't be qi'rat, that differs from the standard haff's text. And also why do you personally think there are so many insertions put in the manuscripts, is it becouse the text was not standard yett or becouse of scrible errors?
wow ,. im muslim but i found this interisting ,. i watch some of your video. i just hope you can debate with some of muslim preacher. it will be awesome.
Hello Dr. Brubaker in a past video you analyzed a Quran manuscript with 14 variants, I wanted to ask how we could also look at that manuscript and others that you review in a pdf or as a picture. Thanks Also, only if you have time, I would like to ask what is your opinion on the dating of the “codex Parisino Petropolitanus” I’m asking because the deletion of the word “seventy times” (9:80) in the sana manuscript you showed is present in the Parisino manuscript and the variant in place of “li-kawm” in 6:99 in one of your previous videos appears as “li-kawm” in the Parisino manuscript. The dating of the Parisino manuscript to what I read is earlier or at least around the same time as these other ones. Your opinion is appreciated, thanks.
Thanks for the question. It is rare to find more than a few consecutive pages of an early Quran manuscript that have no correction or variant whatsoever when compared to the now-standard rasm. Some variants contain significant differences of meaning (of course, there are degrees of significance, and by using the term I merely mean having some impact on the literal meaning), and there also exist variants that have theological impact. I have come across synonyms, as well as alternate words that make sense in the context. These last are relatively rare, but I am editing one manuscript now, that I hope one day soon to publish, which has a fairly high concentration of such variants.
As the hafs Quran and warsh Quran are the most used Qurans they are the ones usually compared. You will find that number of verses in Hafs is 6236, while Warsh has only 6214 verses. In Surah Al imran 3:146 in the hafs Quran it states “And many a prophet fought” and in the warsh Quran it states “And many a prophet was killed”. In verse 2:184, the Hafs Quran reads the verse to be "... a ransom [as substitute] of feeding a poor person...". On the other hand, the Warsh Quran reads it "... a ransom [as substitute] of feeding poor people..." Logically prophets being killed is not the same meaning as prophets fighting and feeding one is different in meaning from feeding many. Clearly we have two different versions of the quran here which proves that the qurans (plural) have not been perfectly preserved. Differences between hafs and warsh Quran. www.free-minds.org/sites/default/files/WhichQuran.pdf
@@leena9934 Thank for agreeing that there are differences between various version of the quran. That of course means that the quran has not been perfectly preserved.
Hello Dr Brubaker. I'm wondering if there is a critical printed edition of the Quran, showing some of these variants [like there is of the Hebrew and Greek Bibles]? If, not when do you think a critical edition of the Quran might appear - e.g.: of a few years, or decades, perhaps? Would the process be speeded up by teams of scholars working together on a critical edition?
I don't mind you criticizing islam but what I do mind is the false pagan Trinity and I don't think you have to be a muslim to believe that why not be a unitarian christian (biblical) and still think islam is false
Hello sir. How are you. I really commend your effort on the topic. You have really thought me a very Valuable lesson which I can't even value. But. I haven't get what is next to learn. I want you to discuss how those variants change the messages between them.
@Qui Creva Sp if you wanna give me example, you will have to give in Arabic not in Translation. Anyone can use any word in translation just like the Bible translators has made Bible look so different with use of words... I will appreciate if you can provide the Arabic.
@Qui Creva Sp Nqice one.. Im really interested to know. But the problem is I want you to tell me the meaning of Qatala, Qutil, and Qatal. And the meaning are differ. Thanks
As the hafs Quran and warsh Quran are the most used Qurans they are the ones usually compared. You will find that number of verses in Hafs is 6236, while Warsh has only 6214 verses. In Surah Al imran 3:146 in the hafs Quran it states “And many a prophet fought” and in the warsh Quran it states “And many a prophet was killed”. In verse 2:184, the Hafs Quran reads the verse to be "... a ransom [as substitute] of feeding a poor person...". On the other hand, the Warsh Quran reads it "... a ransom [as substitute] of feeding poor people..." Logically prophets being killed is not the same meaning as prophets fighting and feeding one is different in meaning from feeding many. Clearly we have two different versions of the quran here which proves that the qurans (plural) have not been perfectly preserved. Differences between hafs and warsh Quran. www.free-minds.org/sites/default/files/WhichQuran.pdf
Doctor, I have a question. There are thousands of Islamic novels that talk about the distortion of the Qur'an and Islamic history books in addition to the burning and rewriting of the Qur'an. Does this not lose the credibility of the Qur’an among scholars of textual criticism? On the other hand, note that the Qur'an was not spread around the world in different languages, and there are no quotations to support the authenticity of its texts. The Qur’an was not compiled into a book from the time of Muhammad according to the narrations, and it was collected after many years after burning, re-writing it and then publishing it.. Does not all this lose credibility the Qur'an as well? I am interested in this topic and I am looking for the sayings of specialists in the science of textual criticism on these topics, despite the lack of studies, as it prevents Muslims from criticizing the Qur’an and approaching it.
I am a good writer, but I have found that reading from a script is just a little bit less genuine. Probably I would not make a good politician. But, you are probably right and maybe I will move toward a script at some point. Thanks for the suggestions. DB
Variant Quran Your work is genuine enough for us and greatly appreciated. Id love to see your channel grow, alot of “On-Liners” have no patience, however, with a smooth enough flow in your videos, your viewers would crave for the next video. Especially to help people see that there are variants within the Quran/Manuscripts as well. Which will help promote your books, which I will be looking to purchase soon. Thank you sir :)
The preservation of the Quran in terms of the oral transmeission and common reading of the Quran because there were a lot so called (huffaz), no one claim there's no little different between scriptures it's probably somebody wrote verse in the wrong way doesn't mean there's a correption if one wrote verse in wrong forme there are other correct him and the importance issue in the history of the Quran is the chain of transmission, Our claim is there's no differences in the Quran in leavel of the oral transmission and common reading not scriptures
There is no doubt that the Uthman rasm is preserved that is the claim we make we know what Uthman brought was preserved and no one will argue with that
When someone reads the quran ( in prayer for example)and mispronounces a word , you find the people immediately correcting him, whether a child or an adult. Even if the mispronuncian is as little as ''tashkel",that is a way to pronounce the same letter. It is a living miracle that the Quran is preserved and you can observe. There are millions of people all over the world who have memorised the quran by heart, and that has always been the case, people send their children to memorise the quran , so you find people as young as 9 who have completed memorising the quran. So if someone tries to change something in the quran they would get caught.
So tell me, which Arabic version of the quran do you use and why that one? Or do you not even know that there are some 40 different versions of the Arabic quran we know of? Of course all these qurans were written by unknown authors. And how do you deal with all the mistakes, discrepancies, inconsistencies and contradictions in that quran as well as the approval of evil such as raping women who have been captures in battle (surah 33:50) which is adultery and wife beating (surah 4:34) as well as child marriage (surah 65:4) which means that Mohammed and his allah approved of raping little prepubescent girls. And we see that Mohammed led by example when he married a 6 year old child and then raped that child when it was just 9 years old. Clearly Mohammed disqualified himself as a prophet of GOD by the evil he perpetrated. And remember all of islam is only based what Mohammed maybe recited and how he lived. So tell me, why do you even believe that you will be with GOD in heaven on judgement day when you follow Mohammed? And do show the quran verses on which you base your belief. Remember our ONE TRUE GOD of the Bible promises every person that if they accept Jesus as their saviour and follow what Jesus commanded until they die, they will be with GOD in heaven. As Mohammed claimed to be the final prophet, surely he promised the same for people who follow Mohammed? If not where does it leave you my friend?
Hi in Saudi Arabia two articles in there papers some weeks ago mentioned mistakes in the Koran mostly spelling mistakes and said the King should have these mistakes corrected I think it was 2,500 or just over this number.
You have said yourself that you can go through several pages without finding any difference and please let me say that the differences that you have showed are not really differences because i am an Arabic reader and I recognize the letters so easy and I can tell that they are the same but with different types of Arabic writings as we have different ways to write in Arabic and we as Arabic speakers can recognize them all along the centuries.. But on the other side I appreciate your efforts...
I have memorised 2/3 of the Quran, many of my friends and family have completed the memorisation. Islam is an oral tradition and we carry the word of God in our hearts, its been passed down the centuries in this way. Errors by scribes can not be put forward as an way of proving that Quran is not preserved or false. I live in Cape Town, at the Auwal mosque, you will find a Quran, written 350 Years ago through memory, by a slave that was brought to the Cape, through the colonists of Europe. The Qur'an has slight variations and typography errors, but correct recitation without these mistakes can be heard in every mosque here, because, he passed the Qur'an to his family by memory. الحمدلله
@olehomer1988 its a manuscript, go look up the meaning for it. Its 2 chapter. Simultaneously look up for Hijazi script, the Dr need some help to understand as he doesnt know the difference between the recitations qirats.
@Qui Creva Sp we leave it for experts to decide like professor Thomas. Or may be your Dr brubaker would like to compare the manuscript found with any of the Qur'aan nows.
@olehomer1988 where do you get such fabrication from? Its early manuscript bcuz it was written as it was revealed and told to the companions of the prophet peace be upon him, as the Qur'aan was revealed within 23 years of Muhammad peace be upon him life. As for jesus peace be upon him we Muslims love him more than you, we love his mother Mary more than you, the Qur'aan has a whole chapter on Mary the mother of Jesus peace be upon them both. Are you Christians circumcised cuz Jesus was circumcised on the 8th day, like Abraham and Muhammad peace be upon them all. Did you know jesus use to greet like the Muslims do. Luke24 :36 NIV While they were still talking about this, Jesus himself stood among them and said to them, "Peace be with you. Jesus fell on his face and Worshipped One God Allaah just like the Muslims do. So you should find Monotheism and worship the One God Allaah. Did you know Allaah is written in your Arabic bible, and not ilah.
Find it frustrating that he an other scholars keep talking in terms of "variants" or "variations" or "corrections" when non-experts want to know about differences in _meaning!_ Can't they ever use or even know about the word "MEANING"? Should have learned the word in grade school. That's the important word.
I don't mind you criticizing islam but what i do mind is the false pagan trinity and i don't think you have to be a muslim to believe that why not be a unitarian christian (biblical) and still believe islam is false
@@johnzuma4688 I don't know English very well, so I use a translator, he made some mistakes. I wanted to write the following: «Is it possible to say that no two manuscripts of the Koran are identical, just as New Testament scholars claim that no two New Testament manuscripts are alike?»
@@товмач-руснак I assume you can say that my friend. As I have not studied either all the quranic manuscripts or the Biblical one, I am logically not in a position to either confirm or to deny this. But the issue is this. Differences in the Biblical manuscripts do not change what GOD teaches there. On the other hand the quran states that Mohammed's "the god" (that is all that allah means) will guard the quran. As this has not happened, either Mohammed or his angel lied or Mohammed's "the god" was not capable. Either way it means that the quran cannot be from GOD, yet the Bible can be.
So tell me, which Arabic version of the quran do you use and why that one? Or do you not even know that there are some 40 different versions of the Arabic quran we know of? Of course all these qurans were written by unknown authors. And how do you deal with all the mistakes, discrepancies, inconsistencies and contradictions in that quran as well as the approval of evil such as raping women who have been captures in battle (surah 33:50) which is adultery and wife beating (surah 4:34) as well as child marriage (surah 65:4) which means that Mohammed and his allah approved of raping little prepubescent girls. And we see that Mohammed led by example when he married a 6 year old child and then raped that child when it was just 9 years old. Clearly Mohammed disqualified himself as a prophet of GOD by the evil he perpetrated. And remember all of islam is only based what Mohammed maybe recited and how he lived. So tell me, why do you even believe that you will be with GOD in heaven on judgement day when you follow Mohammed? And do show the quran verses on which you base your belief. Remember our ONE TRUE GOD of the Bible promises every person that if they accept Jesus as their saviour and follow what Jesus commanded until they die, they will be with GOD in heaven. As Mohammed claimed to be the final prophet, surely he promised the same for people who follow Mohammed? If not where does it leave you my friend?
How similar they are? Well according to Scholars, very very similar..... "The Codex Amrensis 1 was among the examples that illustrate the existence of an ancient pattern of transmission whose characteristics closely resemble the Vulgate Qur’anic. The manuscript was probably produced in the first half of the 8th century by a professional copyist, although is small in size (which is related to its horizontal orientation) and bears evidence of an attempt to economize parchment". Cellard mentions that only 20% of the manuscript remains, although its construction indicates that it originally constituted a complete, possibly several-volume Qur’ān: "Among its important textual features is that the order of surates and verses conforms precisely to the order of the standard edition of the Qur’ān. The text is also identical, with the exception of several copyists’ errors (which are common in any handwritten text). There are a number of orthographical variations, particularly linked to notations of long vowels that are indicative of an older version in the in-progress Arabic writing system. But this manuscript was clearly already part of a pattern of highly controlled written transmission of the Qur’ān". Dr. Eléonore Cellard Another scholar : Dr Marijn van Putten This paper has shown that idiosyncratic spellings of certain words are not due to the whims of the scribe, but are reproduced with the same spelling in all early Quranic manuscripts. The only way that such a consistent reproduction can be explained is by assuming that all the documents that belong to the Uthmanic text type go back to a single written archetype whose spelling was strictly copied from one copy to the next, showing that these copies were based on a written exemplar. The manuscripts examined in this study are sufficiently early that a codification of the Uthmanic text type is perfectly consistent with an attribution to its traditional source: ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān
So you are saying every single verse is preserved ? Quran is a miracle and will always be preserved because its a validation against the majority of hafiz who have memorized the quran by heart.
A goat could eat all the Qurans in existence and that wouldn’t do anything. A new copy could be written back up in a few hours because it was preserved by memorization
To all muslims We should follow what being instructed by Caliph Uthman to use the version approved by the prophet companions. The rest manuscript or completed Quran not approved to be destroyed. Any old copies manuscript found should not be used to compare with present Quran because no one can verify the authenticity of the manuscript except the prophet companions. Why should we questioned and claimed the Quran is complete just because we found old manuscript which no one can verify its authetic in todays world. Best for us, is to ignore those claim and hold on to the one approved by the prophet's companions
Similar BUT ..... well they were claimed to be perfectly preserved letter for letter, word for word, dot for dot, so just one would disqualify their claim of perfect preservation. "There are holes in the narrative"
go back and read your quran. Jesus created a bird.. isnt bird a life? can a mere man creates bird? can muhammad? obviously u can read your quran but dont understand.
As the hafs Quran and warsh Quran are the most used Qurans they are the ones usually compared. You will find that number of verses in Hafs is 6236, while Warsh has only 6214 verses. In Surah Al imran 3:146 in the hafs Quran it states “And many a prophet fought” and in the warsh Quran it states “And many a prophet was killed”. In verse 2:184, the Hafs Quran reads the verse to be "... a ransom [as substitute] of feeding a poor person...". On the other hand, the Warsh Quran reads it "... a ransom [as substitute] of feeding poor people..." Logically prophets being killed is not the same meaning as prophets fighting and feeding one is different in meaning from feeding many. Clearly we have two different versions of the quran here which proves that the qurans (plural) have not been perfectly preserved. Differences between hafs and warsh Quran. www.free-minds.org/sites/default/files/WhichQuran.pdf
I am not really concerned with the question of the Quran being "preserved" or not, or to what degree; the question framed in that way is more theological in nature. I deal with manuscripts, and was answering a viewer question about degree of similarity, which is just another way of looking at degree of difference. Also, developing orthography is not properly described as "spelling mistakes." And, at any rate, I have focused very little attention on orthographic variants in my own work and analysis. I find matters involving alternate words, omitted words, different word order, and other more variations or corrections to be more interesting. I hope that helps. Best wishes, DB
Variant Quran nice thank you for clarifying, I hope you can convey this message clearly to your viewers since the large majority of your viewers are Christians looking to find faults in our claim that we stand beside that the Quran is preserved recitation. It seems that this is fuelling hate and division in our brothers of faith which is not the most lovely of thing. Perhaps you could remind your viewers that you are not proving our claim ‘wrong’ and that their texts have far more significant variants. Thank you, may God guide us all.
@@yusuf619rahmani Thank you. Well, I think that the variations in the manuscripts does have something to say about what is reported concerning the oral tradition. Variations in manuscripts certainly seem to add a wrinkle to the picture, because manuscripts represent a tangible record of the thing that is being passed orally, if you will. So, I don't think there is any need to be unkind in the discussion, and my point about my own work is that I'm not personally invested in a theological position concerning "preservation," and I am not carrying on discussions in those terms. But others may do so however they wish, because everyone has a different vantage point and calling in life, and that is one of the wonderful things about the world. Theology is important, after all, but it is not the proximal focus of my Quran manuscript work. Thanks again, and best wishes. DB
Can you or anyone else translate your book to the Indonesian language? Indonesia is one of the Muslim majority countries in the world. In the last ten years, Muslims in Indonesia are more and more radical than before. Most Indonesian believe that Islam is the only true religion and the Quran revealed literally word by word by GOD and preserved well in Jannah.
FROM THE NEW TESTAMENT BOOK, IT IS EVIDENT THAT JESUS IS NOT GOD OF CHRISTIANS. JESUS DIDN'T KNOW ANYTHING ABOUT CHRISTIAN. THERE IS NO VERSE IN THE NEW TESTAMENT THAT PROVES THAT JESUS IS GOD OF CHRISTIANS. JESUS WAS NEVER SENT TO CHRISTIANS. THERE IS NO RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN JESUS AND CHRISTIANS. JESUS ONLY HAS A VERY CLEAR RELATIONSHIP WITH THE PEOPLE OF ISRAEL. MATTHEW 15: 24 But he answered and said, I am not sent but unto the lost sheep of the house of ISRAEL. JESUS WAS BORN TO BE A LEADER WHO WILL SHEPHERD THE PEOPLE OF ISRAEL, NOT SHEPHERD CHRISTIANS. MATTHEW 2: 6 And thou Bethlehem, in the land of Juda, art not the least among the princes of Juda: for out of thee shall come a Governor, that shall rule my people ISRAEL. JESUS ONLY INTERACTED WITH ISRAELIS, JESUS NEVER INTERACTED WITH CHRISTIANS. MARK 12: 29 And Jesus answered him, The first of all the commandments, Hear, O ISRAEL, The Lord our God is one Lord. JESUS IS THE SAVIOUR OF THE PEOPLE OF ISRAEL. JESUS IS NOT THE SAVIOUR OF CHRISTIANS. THERE IS NO VERSE IN THE NEW TESTAMENT THAT STATES THAT JESUS IS THE SAVIOUR OF CHRISTIANS. ACTS 13: 23 Of this man's seed hath God according to his promise raised unto ISRAEL A SAVIOUR, JESUS. JESUS BE PRAYED AS KING OF ISRAEL, NOT AS KING OF CHRISTIANS. JOHN 12: 13 Took branches of palm trees, and went forth to meet him, and cried, Hosanna: Blessed is the King of ISRAEL that cometh in the name of the Lord. JESUS COMMANDED THE WORSHIP OF GOD, JESUS NEVER COMMANDED WORSHIP OF JESUS. MATTHEW 4: 10 Then saith Jesus unto him, Get thee hence, Satan: for it is written, Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only shalt thou serve. JESUS COMMANDED TO THE FOLLOW JESUS, JESUS NEVER COMMANDED WORSHIP OF JESUS. JOHN 8: 12 Then spake Jesus again unto them, saying, I am the light of the world: he that FOLLOWETH me shall not walk in darkness, but shall have the light of life. IN THE NEW TESTAMENT BOOK, JESUS ONLY INTERACTED WITH ISRAELITES. JESUS NEVER INTERACTED WITH CHRISTIANS. THERE ARE NO STORIES ABOUT CHRISTIANITY IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. THERE ARE SIX CHRISTIAN WORDS IN THE NEW TESTAMENT, BUT THEY HAVE NOTHING TO DO WITH JESUS. SO, IT IS IMPOSSIBLE FOR JESUS IS THE GOD OF CHRISTIANS. THIS IS A FACT, NOT HOAX. TO PROVE IT, READ THE NEW TESTAMENT BOOKS FROM MATTHEW TO REVELATION WITH COMMON SENSE.
Friends: I realize that I did not thoroughly answer the question asked by the commenter around which I framed this video. She more precisely wanted to see the similarities between the early manuscripts and today's standard Quran text, perhaps in a similar way to that with which I show variants or corrections (for example, the parallel modern text, and so forth). I indirectly answered this, but I presume that she (and maybe others) would like to see ways in which manuscripts reflect the text as we have it today. I think that this will come out over time as we look at corrections and variants, with surrounding text reflecting the standard text. So, what I wanted to do here was just give a very general and high level sense of the density, nature, and range of variance (orthographic and otherwise). I hope that helps. Thank you for good comments which give me ideas of where to go next. Best wishes, Daniel.
Hi Dr. Brubaker, is there any ancient Quran manuscript that is identical to the modern text?
Thank you ☺
As muslims we know that there are differences(vowels/words) in the modern versions of the quran due to different readings/riwayat and we know that from the time of the prophet but the meaning still the same
For me i have quran in WARSH and you can easly see the difference with the HAfs version for exemple but it is the same meaning
Actually there is a HADITH talks about it (the differencese between textes) but my english isn't that good to translate it correctly 😕
@@khadijamoutawakil5300 absolutely No! It's NOT the SAME. The different words in HAF's Quran and WARSCH Qurans have different MEANINGS! It has absolutely got NOTHING to do with different readings.
@@khadijamoutawakil5300 Variant Qurans mean different kinds of Qurans. They are NOT THE SAME! Hatun Tash and her team at DCCI have found over 90 000 DIFFERENCES! The Qurans have CHANGED over the centuries!
@@walkietalkie8635 Can you give me an exemple of different meanings ☺
Are you an arabic speaker ? Just wanna know
And i know what it means "VARIANT QURANS" i can understand english but i'm not very good at it
Once again I thank you for your time and effort.
Great stuff Dr.Brubaker. I enjoy your videos. I hope your channels keeps growing so that others may learn of your amazing work. I also got your book. Haven't finished it but so far I really like. Its easy to understand and easy to remember.
Thank you! I tried very hard to make it readable, clear, and not too technical. DB
I have a serious question Dr. Brubaker....
DID YOU FIND THE HOLES IN THE STANDARD NARRATIVE?☺️
God bless you and your work
He has written a book showing the holes in the standard narrative. He just held it up.
I see what you did there 😎
He's speaking about the hadith's that are contradictory about the history of the 7 Qur'an recitations and the different interpretation's of the allowance of the 7 Qur'an recitations and being allowed to do certain things like pronouncing the Arabic Words as long as the meaning doesn't change and allowing 7 different words as long as the meaning isn't changed these things were debated as well as the allowance of the evolution of the Arabic written scripts.
@imu70 The Book actually says early CORRECTIONS in the Qur'an manuscripts and not early Qur'an manuscripts corruption unlike your Books New Testament Corruption
The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption, and Restoration (4th Edition) 4th Edition
by Bruce M. Metzger
www.amazon.com/Text-New-Testament-Transmission-Restoration/dp/019516122X/ref=pd_lpo_14_t_1/131-8403250-4494539?_encoding=UTF8&pd_rd_i=019516122X&pd_rd_r=3e5a449f-3133-426b-a7e7-01bd60a445be&pd_rd_w=nHiB9&pd_rd_wg=pzPt8&pf_rd_p=7b36d496-f366-4631-94d3-61b87b52511b&pf_rd_r=ZHK0RH9ZTJC7TC8E79WA&psc=1&refRID=ZHK0RH9ZTJC7TC8E79WA
@imu70 Early CORRECTIONS in the Qur'an Manuscripts the title speaks for itself and not Early Qur'an Manuscripts Corruption please understand what your reading. Now the 7 Qur'an recitations given to Muhammad are a different subject altogether but this video is about Early Qur'an Manuscripts errors and correction, not corruption.
Your think you have evidence to attack Islam but you don't have anything.
@ Variant Quran.
Thank you for all your hard work, it is very informative. Learning so much. May God Bless you.
Shalom
But God forbid that I should glory, save in the cross of our Lord Jesus Christ, by whom the world is crucified unto me, and I unto the world.
Glorious Quran the name is Yahshua and Isaiah predicted the coming of Yahshua and all the pagan god are not like Yahshua
Roman Catholics try to fit it in that’s why we have orthodox and Protestant
Glorious Quran without the coming of Yahshua u would’ve still be sacrificing goats n lamb for grace
Lol..😂😂😂 what a mess! Go look up the history of Christianity and it's very close relationship with paganism! How deluded you are
Thank you Dr. Daniel, keep up the great work!
Thé Quran is perfectly preserved in the mind of Muslims, that’s why they all know about the verse of breastfeeding for adults!
That is Hadith
Brainwashing 😏 arabian ex muslim
Fred IV true! But it was suppose to be in the Quran .
@@jamesmartel505 Explain, is there a reference?
@@yidiandianpang Yes there is references.
Sahih muslim : book 8 volume 3424
That is the proof that it was happing. The next reference is the proof that it was suppose to be in the quran.
Refrence for breast feeding adults
sunan ibn majah 1944
I know it is embarrassing but this is the book and prophet Muslims choose to follow. I hope you are truly being inquisitive with a heart that's searching for the truth because once you do i have no doubt that you will see islam for what it really is.
God bless you from Pakistan, I'm also a Christian apologist but many Muslims against me. So please pray for me and my family. Because I have no proper job. Last time my boss threating me. He said to me, I blasmy case 295c you and your family. So please pray for me and my family
TUHAN YESUS BERKATI PAKISTAN DAN SEMUA BANGSA. AMIN🙏👼✝️
I don't mind you criticizing the quran but what i do mind is the false pagan trinity and i don't think you have to be a muslim to believe that why be a unitarian christian (biblical) and still think islam is false
This is so interesting! I really appreciate that you keep the videos short enough for us non-academics to follow quite easily. Thank you for sharing and keep up the good work, Dr Brubaker.
Do you know Christian Prince on TH-cam, sister?
th-cam.com/video/cWHmdmrcto8/w-d-xo.html
@@joehouston2833 I most certainly do and am subscribed to his good work
Dan, your work is very much appreciated!
Dr Brubaker how far dated was that manuscript?You can give date and year in your next video,if possible.Thank you for sharing the evidence.
The book by M.M. Al-Azami looks very interesting. The spacings you discuss at the 9:44 mark appear to have just been done by digital image editing. I'm not sure exactly how, I can't see any obvious separators, so whoever did it must have spent a lot of painstaking time on it to make it look seamless.
Thank you for this insight. Yes, it does appear that there was digital editing in order to adjust the spacing. If so, and the images have been edited, this would make the book of limited use for scholarly purposes. Best, DB
Love your intro Song, Keep going, God bless you
Thank you so much for your hard work Dr. Brubaker! I'm truly loving the new book and I'm excited to see what you decide to include in your more dense scholarly piece. God bless.
Read the Works of Marijn van putten
Hi Dr. Brubaker,
What is the oldest manuscript that conforms perfectly with the standard Hafs reading of today, without any corrections or mistakes? Would you be able to provide an example of both the earliest complete and fragmentary script that is identical to this reading?
Thanks Doc, your work is very underrated.
Keep it up. God bless you.
In regards to the editing style, editing is fine and quite often useful and can even be used for emphasis or comedic effect. The sheer volume of edits particularly in a single phrase can be distracting. The concern is that the viewer is no longer paying attention to the information but are counting, or even worse, becoming agitated at the break in the flow of the phrase. Thank you for the work you do.
Fascinating.
@@HmmWhoIsThatGuy so..... what does that even mean?
A big fat NOOOOO! You muslims like your prophet have been trying for CENTURIES to convince Christians that we worship the same GOD! No!! We DON'T worship the same GOD!
Walkie Talkie ✌️👏👏👏👏👏👏
@@walkietalkie8635 you are right muslims worship the God of abraham while the Christians worship jesus Christians are following Paul and Constantine the great not jesus
@@walkietalkie8635 you are correct we do not worship the same god .we believe the god of Abraham and Moses that does not beget or is begotten the one and only. You believe in a mangod that died for your sins on a cross. You believe in a god that was preached by Paul not by Jesus and his disciples. Also the Jews believe as we Muslims believe. Also the Jews hate the fact that you Christians put the so called gospels on top of their holy book .they won’t even go inside your church to pray because they believe you are far away from the true god.
Quran is full of holes in it, and God bless you.
Hi Bye the Satan is a liar and Islam was founded on lies and right now they have 37 different Arabic Quran and they are not the same words,go and listen to Mimi Heijab and
your Muslims scholars is everywhere that you Quran was not preserved at all, in 1924 all the Quran was destroyed In Egypt because they were not the same but they failed miserably, Muslim there’s a vile covering your heart and repent and be save, your prophet is not sure if he makes paradise.
@@AmazingGod.2230 👍👍👍💯💯👌👌👌!
The Quran is full of holes in it. A goat ate the stoning verse and David Wood ate the rest of it.
@Shalom None of those are different.
@Shalom These are not corruption but scribal errors where we can easily reconstruct the text. This is unlike the Bible where there is no way where you can construct the text.
I have a couple of questions and if anyone else in the audience can help I would also be grateful!
1) Are you going to make any videos about the serious theological and legal implications of variant Qurans? e.g legal rulings from different schools of Islam due to different Qurans. I only know of Surah 2 where there is confusion whether it's one or multiple people you need to feed to forgive not fasting during Ramadan. Are there others?
2) What is the oldest Quran manuscript we have? How does it differ to today's Quran? What are the important ways it differs and can we tell what manuscripts are likely close to the authentic original Muhammad preached?
The answer to #1 is "yes," but this sort of video will usually follow in the wake of an academic paper or writing that I am doing for a book. Considering theological implications takes time and reflection, and also the ability to recognize the candidates for such a possibility out of the hundreds of others that may not be so significant. It is also often somewhat speculative in many cases. The most robust example of a correction that was possibly theologically motivated is that if Q4:127 in BnF arabe 328, where Dr. David Powers has built an entire case around this single textual issue over a period of many years. He develops his argument in the (rather technical) book "Muhammad is not the father of any of your men." I do recommend it to those interested, but also use it to illustrate how much goes into these questions ... it is more than just a series of videos, though it will be great if videos follow after such discoveries. As to #2, there are some fragments with radiocarbon date ranges that could place the parchment within the lifetime of Muhammad, or even possibly a little before. We will discuss this more over time as well. Thanks for the questions, DB
There's no Theological differences between the 7 Qur'an recitations given to Muhammad from Allah by Gabriel.
Surah 2 and the sin of not being able to fast because of being weak and the giving of charity as a sin redemption of doing righteousness and the 2 Qur'an recitations one saying to give charity to a single person and the other saying give charity to multiple people like a charity organization isn't a theological contradiction just a choice of helping a homeless person or adonating food to a homeless shelter.
The sin redemption is performing righteous deeds to the poor unlike Christianity where the sin redemption is to do harmful tortuous deeds and killing an innocent man named Jesus the Messiah.
The oldest Qur'an manuscript we have is from the lifetime of Muhammad called the Birmingham Quran manuscript.
It's exactly like the Qur'an we have today with no changes, The leaves preserve parts of Surahs 18 (Al-Kahf) to 20 (Taha).
Radiocarbon dated to between 568 and 645 CE
7 Oldest Qurans in the World
www.oldest.org/religion/qurans/
This is a good Book Variant Qur'an readings.
www.muslim-library.com/dl/books/English_VARIANT_READINGS_OF_THE_QURAN_A_CRITICAL_STUDY_OF_THEIR_HISTORICAL_AND_LINGUISTIC_ORIGINS.pdf
Watch this video also.
th-cam.com/video/3pcenpnMVVE/w-d-xo.html
You can check almost all early Quran manuscripts from this site it also has the 7 Qur'an variant recitations just click the English and the video will show you how to use it and it's still under construction so some of it is still in German.
corpuscoranicum.de/
to download the Topkapi manuscript
ar.islamway.net/book/15758/%D..
The Qur'anic Manuscripts
www.islamic-awareness.org/quran/text/mss/
@Great These stories are allegorical and not factual these stories are based on real people but are told as teaching lessons about sin repentance judgment and forgiveness and this is the views of Christian and Jewish Scholars themselves only missionary and certain Christians take these stories as absolutely factual historical evidence and true history as well as scientific facts of creation and the 6 thousand year old Earth others don't take these stories as the history of humanity.
Allegorical interpretations of Genesis
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegorical_interpretations_of_Genesis
Christian Bible reference to an Old Testament story as allegorical
In the King James version of the Bible, Galatians 4:21-31, Paul describes the Genesis story of Abraham's sons as an allegory. Other translations convey a similar sentiment: Galatians 4:21-31
Various Interpretations of Genesis
www.talkorigins.org/faqs/interpretations.html
The creation account is an allegory; its message is the spiritual truth contained in the allegory. This is a very old position in Christian interpretation, although until the conflict with science developed the account was usually (but not always) thought to be true both literally and allegorically."
Should We Take Creation Stories in Genesis Literally?
www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/biblical-topics/bible-interpretation/creation-stories-in-genesis/
The Qur'an is the same Allah says he uses allegorical stories and true stories as teachings parables just like the Bible this is God's way.
As for those in whose hearts is perversity, they follow the allegorical verses, seeking to mislead and seeking to give (their own) interpretation. None know their (i.e., allegorical verses') interpretation except Allah and those who are firmly rooted in knowledge…” (3:7)
@Great Adam and Eve according to some Scholars and Qur'an Scholars were a group of people different tribes and races already created and then placed on Earth and that's how Cain went east of Eden and took a wife from a different African tribe it's only logical.
The Adam and Eve story was told as a teaching about sin repentance and forgiveness but the story is based on the fall and evil of humanity like Cain killing his brother and humanity rejecting God Almighty by following evil people telling them to reject guidance and the heavily laws.
@Great Human variation is microscopic compared with dogs, and they all came from wolves comparatively recently. "some genetic evidence suggest[s] that today's humans are descended from a very small population of between 1,000 and 10,000 breeding pairs that existed about 70,000 years ago." Let's assume for the sake of argument that there was
a first couple (which might have been members of a larger population who shared a mutation that tipped them over some threshold) 80,000 years ago. That's 32,000 generations, which is time for quite a lot of mutation and adaptation, and corresponds to a 0.07% increase per generation to reach a total population of 8 000 000 000. This is not an argument that all humans DID come from a single pair, but a demonstration that they COULD have. Humans are actually ASTONISHINGLY similar under the skin: "While the genetic difference between individual humans today is minuscule - about 0.1%, on average - study of the same aspects of the chimpanzee genome indicates a difference of about 1.2%. The bonobo (Pan paniscus), which is the close cousin of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), differs from humans to the same degree." (The Smithsonian.) "Surprisingly, even though all the chimpanzees live in relatively close proximity, chimpanzees from different populations were substantially more different genetically than humans living on different continents. That is despite the fact that the habitats of two of the groups are separated only by a river." (Oxford University.) If there is any species for which an origin from a single couple is plausible, humans are it.
Appreciate your work, Dr Brubaker. God bless!
Have you ever come across an illustrated Qur'an manuscript?
There are many illuminated manuscripts, though the earliest ones are not illuminated. Illumination means any sort of embellishment or ornamentation. Illumination often involves colors of ink other than that used to write the main text. Sometimes in involves the application of gold leaf, etc. Usually the illuminations in Quran manuscripts are either geometric patterns, architectural representations, or vegetal forms, not animals or people. In modernity, there is a recent publication in the United States where a translation of the Quran is set on backdrops of pictures of modern scenes, so things like this exist now... but that one is a printed edition and not a manuscript. I am not an expert on all time periods, so cannot speak particularly to the whole range of diversity of manuscript representations in later times. Good question, thank you. DB
German translation of your book? Many thanks from Munich, Dr. Brubaker.
I liked the uncut style, it flowed very well. Awesome video as always!
Are you talking about the San'a Codex?
God bless you ✝️✝️✝️
th-cam.com/video/cWHmdmrcto8/w-d-xo.html
Holey holey Qurans and holes are getting bigger and bigger.
The truth is slowly seeping out, islam is false plain and simple.
Thank you sir for your hard work.
Love from Pakistan✊❤️
Sahi bola bhai
Good evening, I wanted to know if it is possible to compare and see if there are variations between the Codex Parisino-petropolitanus, the Samarkand Kufic Quran, the Topkapi manuscript and the Birmingham Quran manuscript. This will help us to understand if the older QURANs have any differences between them. I could possibly add the Sana'a manuscript. Besides, do these manuscripts cover the same parts of the modern Quran? Best regards,
Beside the differences that should be the similarities. Obviously?
Am i confused 😕?
No, you are correct. It is a different way of addressing the same thing. But, I took the opportunity to paint the relative picture once again. Thanks, DB
Dr Brubaker. You have initiated a new area of research which can lead to billion of muslim questioning their long held beliefs in their sacred texts. I commend you for that. Perhaps you can make your video presentation more focus with your topic. Have a plan on what you want to cover rather than rely on your impromptu thoughts -which can come across as wavering. Learn from season you tubers on how they communicate -I can think of non other than Dr David Wood or Dr Jay Smith. God bless your work.
Thank You brother Daniel, I am praying for your good health.
Are the corrections generally grammatical, theological or other?
Do you find that these variations are divergent? What I mean to ask is do you find corrections in similar areas conflict within either one another?
You are so right; most of us know only the 1924 Cairo edition, if any Qur'an at all. Thanks for all of this.
When you said the similarity of ancient vs modern Quran is very similar. There you go. Thats the answer, its preserved.
they claim that it is preserved down to the letter, that every single quraan in print today is exactly the same with no variations. However there are more than 36 different quraans in print today with over 96000 variations in definition meaning intention spelling sentence construction.
Even if we assume this person is not lying, finding contradicting manuscripts doesn't disprove the preservation of the Qur'an because these can be attributed to copyist errors or errors in memory of the individual who wrote them. History is arbitrary about whose written works get preserved and whose don't. The Qur'an has been memorized and transmitted en masse by people all over the world. By the 7th century, there were people who knew the entire Qur'an by heart from the middle east all the way to China and Russia, and many of these communities have been isolated from the rest of the Muslims since then until the invention of the internet. The Qur'an has never been revised or edited. Preservation by mass memorization is far superior to preservation in writing, because we're not at the mercy of the handful of manuscripts that survive, we have access to millions of live people who know it by heart and who have always been able to cross-reference with tens, if not hundreds of others in their community to correct each other. You can bring a hafidh from the most remote and isolated muslim communities of China, Russia, and Africa, who have never been exposed to anyone outside of their own village, and show them the letters that the African slaves in America wrote from memory in their Arabic letters, they will all be able to identify them and verify them independently, and their verdicts would agree. You could ask them to recite alongside each other, and they would all agree.
Finally, most of these "ex-muslins" are fake. They are Christian missionaries trained to pretend to be real Muslims. They will not last 5 minutes if a real Muslim quizzes them without internet access about fundamental knowledge in Islam that every Muslim knows. You never see them pick a specific example of these supposed disagreements or contradictions and break it down, because they know that anyone with basic knowledge of Arabic will debunk them. And on the rare occasion that they do it, that's exactly what happens.
So tell me, which Arabic version of the quran do you use and why that one? Or do you not even know that there are some 40 different versions of the Arabic quran we know of? Of course all these qurans were written by unknown authors. And how do you deal with all the mistakes, discrepancies, inconsistencies and contradictions in that quran as well as the approval of evil such as raping women who have been captures in battle (surah 33:50) which is adultery and wife beating (surah 4:34) as well as child marriage (surah 65:4) which means that Mohammed and his allah approved of raping little prepubescent girls. And we see that Mohammed led by example when he married a 6 year old child and then raped that child when it was just 9 years old. Clearly Mohammed disqualified himself as a prophet of GOD by the evil he perpetrated. And remember all of islam is only based what Mohammed maybe recited and how he lived.
So tell me, why do you even believe that you will be with GOD in heaven on judgement day when you follow Mohammed? And do show the quran verses on which you base your belief. Remember our ONE TRUE GOD of the Bible promises every person that if they accept Jesus as their saviour and follow what Jesus commanded until they die, they will be with GOD in heaven. As Mohammed claimed to be the final prophet, surely he promised the same for people who follow Mohammed? If not where does it leave you my friend?
Perhaps amongst the surviving effects/artifacts of the Companions and amanuenses one might find a pre-Osmanic version?
Yes, either that or a later manuscript reflecting a pre-Uthmanic text tradition ... this is quite possible as well. Good comment, thanks. DB
Dr Daniel, please clarify if vowelisation and diacritical marks are part of later language evolution, how was the equivalence from older version of arabic language to later version achieved without human discretion.....
Halo Dr. Brubaker, do you have plan to translate your book into Bahasa Indonesia?
It will be a great pleasure your book can start a good discussion about development of quranic manuscripts among Indonesian scholars and people..
Up
Thank you so much for your work but you really need to prepare better if you expect more viewers.
All the best and good luck with your work!
Very interesting video's, i really enjoy the level of academia. I also have a quistion, becouse there is a lot of discussion about the so called qi'rat and that all differences found in the quran are just qi'rat. Could you give a clear example of something that is qi'rat and a an example where a word or sentence can't be qi'rat, that differs from the standard haff's text. And also why do you personally think there are so many insertions put in the manuscripts, is it becouse the text was not standard yett or becouse of scrible errors?
This has nothing to do with the topic but, are you in any way related to JB Brubaker of August Burns Red?
Not to my knowledge! DB
Lol ABR is my fav band
Variant Quran, that would be pretty awesome if you were! ABR is a FANTASTIC metal band that glorifies God with everything they do. Amazing band!
wow ,. im muslim but i found this interisting ,. i watch some of your video. i just hope you can debate with some of muslim preacher. it will be awesome.
Even though i'm a muslim i sincerely do want to critically look at islam just for a change
@Varient Quran
Sir, can you please tell the difference between the saana and Birmingham Qur'an manuscripts..?
Hello Dr. Brubaker in a past video you analyzed a Quran manuscript with 14 variants, I wanted to ask how we could also look at that manuscript and others that you review in a pdf or as a picture. Thanks
Also, only if you have time, I would like to ask what is your opinion on the dating of the “codex Parisino Petropolitanus” I’m asking because the deletion of the word “seventy times” (9:80) in the sana manuscript you showed is present in the Parisino manuscript and the variant in place of “li-kawm” in 6:99 in one of your previous videos appears as “li-kawm” in the Parisino manuscript. The dating of the Parisino manuscript to what I read is earlier or at least around the same time as these other ones. Your opinion is appreciated, thanks.
Thanks Dr. Brubaker for all your work, Did you find or hear anything about mushaf Ali?
Can you talk about the Birmingham manuscript?
Hi Dr. Brubaker,
Is there any pattern to the variations? Geographical? Chronological? Is there any common theme to the corrections?
How much does the lower text of the Sana'a manuscript correspond to the standard Hafs quran.
many words are pretty different but most of the CONTEXT is same
Thank you sir. As a layman this is so helpful...
Question is, did any of change in text resulted in drastic difference in meaning?
No and most of the manuscripts 100% identical and those which are not identical they have errors
Thanks for the question. It is rare to find more than a few consecutive pages of an early Quran manuscript that have no correction or variant whatsoever when compared to the now-standard rasm. Some variants contain significant differences of meaning (of course, there are degrees of significance, and by using the term I merely mean having some impact on the literal meaning), and there also exist variants that have theological impact. I have come across synonyms, as well as alternate words that make sense in the context. These last are relatively rare, but I am editing one manuscript now, that I hope one day soon to publish, which has a fairly high concentration of such variants.
As the hafs Quran and warsh Quran are the most used Qurans they are the ones usually compared. You will find that number of verses in Hafs is 6236, while Warsh has only 6214 verses.
In Surah Al imran 3:146 in the hafs Quran it states “And many a prophet fought” and in the warsh Quran it states “And many a prophet was killed”.
In verse 2:184, the Hafs Quran reads the verse to be "... a ransom [as substitute] of feeding a poor person...". On the other hand, the Warsh Quran reads it "... a ransom [as substitute] of feeding poor people..."
Logically prophets being killed is not the same meaning as prophets fighting and feeding one is different in meaning from feeding many. Clearly we have two different versions of the quran here which proves that the qurans (plural) have not been perfectly preserved.
Differences between hafs and warsh Quran.
www.free-minds.org/sites/default/files/WhichQuran.pdf
@@leena9934 Thank for agreeing that there are differences between various version of the quran. That of course means that the quran has not been perfectly preserved.
"Stay away from I...!"
Hello Dr Brubaker. I'm wondering if there is a critical printed edition of the Quran, showing some of these variants [like there is of the Hebrew and Greek Bibles]? If, not when do you think a critical edition of the Quran might appear - e.g.: of a few years, or decades, perhaps? Would the process be speeded up by teams of scholars working together on a critical edition?
Muslims have preserved their beard better than they have preserved the Quran
That's due to henna.
Dr. Brubaker, any plans on translating your book into Spanish? Your work is very appreciated.
Just bought your book at Amazon. Good stuff. :)
can you provide your book in bahasa Indonesia
for us in Indonesia dear Mr. Brubaker? I'll certainly buy it for my references
Up
I don't mind you criticizing islam but what I do mind is the false pagan Trinity and I don't think you have to be a muslim to believe that why not be a unitarian christian (biblical) and still think islam is false
Hello sir. How are you. I really commend your effort on the topic. You have really thought me a very Valuable lesson which I can't even value.
But. I haven't get what is next to learn. I want you to discuss how those variants change the messages between them.
There are holes in the narrative. No preservation, no Al lah . 😂
@@esam3477 my question is not for you.
@Qui Creva Sp if you wanna give me example, you will have to give in Arabic not in Translation. Anyone can use any word in translation just like the Bible translators has made Bible look so different with use of words... I will appreciate if you can provide the Arabic.
@Qui Creva Sp here is the word used "قَاتَلَ " (Qatala). I wanna see other version you referring used another word other than Qatala.
@Qui Creva Sp Nqice one.. Im really interested to know. But the problem is I want you to tell me the meaning of Qatala, Qutil, and Qatal. And the meaning are differ. Thanks
I didn't see anything specific, just words and words. Do you even know arabic?
As the hafs Quran and warsh Quran are the most used Qurans they are the ones usually compared. You will find that number of verses in Hafs is 6236, while Warsh has only 6214 verses.
In Surah Al imran 3:146 in the hafs Quran it states “And many a prophet fought” and in the warsh Quran it states “And many a prophet was killed”.
In verse 2:184, the Hafs Quran reads the verse to be "... a ransom [as substitute] of feeding a poor person...". On the other hand, the Warsh Quran reads it "... a ransom [as substitute] of feeding poor people..."
Logically prophets being killed is not the same meaning as prophets fighting and feeding one is different in meaning from feeding many. Clearly we have two different versions of the quran here which proves that the qurans (plural) have not been perfectly preserved.
Differences between hafs and warsh Quran.
www.free-minds.org/sites/default/files/WhichQuran.pdf
Doctor, I have a question. There are thousands of Islamic novels that talk about the distortion of the Qur'an and Islamic history books in addition to the burning and rewriting of the Qur'an. Does this not lose the credibility of the Qur’an among scholars of textual criticism? On the other hand, note that the Qur'an was not spread around the world in different languages, and there are no quotations to support the authenticity of its texts. The Qur’an was not compiled into a book from the time of Muhammad according to the narrations, and it was collected after many years after burning, re-writing it and then publishing it.. Does not all this lose credibility the Qur'an as well? I am interested in this topic and I am looking for the sayings of specialists in the science of textual criticism on these topics, despite the lack of studies, as it prevents Muslims from criticizing the Qur’an and approaching it.
Advice for Video.
Writing scripts would help keep your videos interesting and flowing.
The pauses and such make it difficult.
I am a good writer, but I have found that reading from a script is just a little bit less genuine. Probably I would not make a good politician. But, you are probably right and maybe I will move toward a script at some point. Thanks for the suggestions. DB
Variant Quran
Your work is genuine enough for us and greatly appreciated.
Id love to see your channel grow, alot of “On-Liners” have no patience, however, with a smooth enough flow in your videos, your viewers would crave for the next video.
Especially to help people see that there are variants within the Quran/Manuscripts as well.
Which will help promote your books, which I will be looking to purchase soon.
Thank you sir :)
can't you do a Word Compare with these Arabic texts just like how we do it with English Texts?
We have plenty of utilities that does this in Engligh.
The preservation of the Quran in terms of the oral transmeission and common reading of the Quran because there were a lot so called (huffaz), no one claim there's no little different between scriptures it's probably somebody wrote verse in the wrong way doesn't mean there's a correption if one wrote verse in wrong forme there are other correct him and the importance issue in the history of the Quran is the chain of transmission,
Our claim is there's no differences in the Quran in leavel of the oral transmission and common reading not scriptures
There is no doubt that the Uthman rasm is preserved that is the claim we make we know what Uthman brought was preserved and no one will argue with that
words words words, no proofs
Pin Point actually the proof is overwhelming
When someone reads the quran ( in prayer for example)and mispronounces a word , you find the people immediately correcting him, whether a child or an adult.
Even if the mispronuncian is as little as ''tashkel",that is a way to pronounce the same letter.
It is a living miracle that the Quran is preserved and you can observe.
There are millions of people all over the world who have memorised the quran by heart, and that has always been the case, people send their children to memorise the quran , so you find people as young as 9 who have completed memorising the quran.
So if someone tries to change something in the quran they would get caught.
So tell me, which Arabic version of the quran do you use and why that one? Or do you not even know that there are some 40 different versions of the Arabic quran we know of? Of course all these qurans were written by unknown authors. And how do you deal with all the mistakes, discrepancies, inconsistencies and contradictions in that quran as well as the approval of evil such as raping women who have been captures in battle (surah 33:50) which is adultery and wife beating (surah 4:34) as well as child marriage (surah 65:4) which means that Mohammed and his allah approved of raping little prepubescent girls. And we see that Mohammed led by example when he married a 6 year old child and then raped that child when it was just 9 years old. Clearly Mohammed disqualified himself as a prophet of GOD by the evil he perpetrated. And remember all of islam is only based what Mohammed maybe recited and how he lived.
So tell me, why do you even believe that you will be with GOD in heaven on judgement day when you follow Mohammed? And do show the quran verses on which you base your belief. Remember our ONE TRUE GOD of the Bible promises every person that if they accept Jesus as their saviour and follow what Jesus commanded until they die, they will be with GOD in heaven. As Mohammed claimed to be the final prophet, surely he promised the same for people who follow Mohammed? If not where does it leave you my friend?
Hi in Saudi Arabia two articles in there papers some weeks ago mentioned mistakes in the Koran mostly spelling mistakes and said the King should have these mistakes corrected I think it was 2,500 or just over this number.
You have said yourself that you can go through several pages without finding any difference and please let me say that the differences that you have showed are not really differences because i am an Arabic reader and I recognize the letters so easy and I can tell that they are the same but with different types of Arabic writings as we have different ways to write in Arabic and we as Arabic speakers can recognize them all along the centuries..
But on the other side I appreciate your efforts...
I have memorised 2/3 of the Quran, many of my friends and family have completed the memorisation. Islam is an oral tradition and we carry the word of God in our hearts, its been passed down the centuries in this way. Errors by scribes can not be put forward as an way of proving that Quran is not preserved or false. I live in Cape Town, at the Auwal mosque, you will find a Quran, written 350 Years ago through memory, by a slave that was brought to the Cape, through the colonists of Europe. The Qur'an has slight variations and typography errors, but correct recitation without these mistakes can be heard in every mosque here, because, he passed the Qur'an to his family by memory. الحمدلله
Very interesting and informative, but I prefer edited videos. Thank you. 👍
Go see the oldest Qur'aan manuscript found in the British museum in Birmingham.
@olehomer1988 its a manuscript, go look up the meaning for it.
Its 2 chapter.
Simultaneously look up for Hijazi script, the Dr need some help to understand as he doesnt know the difference between the recitations qirats.
@Qui Creva Sp we leave it for experts to decide like professor Thomas. Or may be your Dr brubaker would like to compare the manuscript found with any of the Qur'aan nows.
@Qui Creva Sp and you know this how?
@olehomer1988 where do you get such fabrication from? Its early manuscript bcuz it was written as it was revealed and told to the companions of the prophet peace be upon him, as the Qur'aan was revealed within 23 years of Muhammad peace be upon him life.
As for jesus peace be upon him we Muslims love him more than you, we love his mother Mary more than you, the Qur'aan has a whole chapter on Mary the mother of Jesus peace be upon them both.
Are you Christians circumcised cuz Jesus was circumcised on the 8th day, like Abraham and Muhammad peace be upon them all.
Did you know jesus use to greet like the Muslims do.
Luke24 :36 NIV
While they were still talking about this, Jesus himself stood among them and said to them, "Peace be with you.
Jesus fell on his face and Worshipped One God Allaah just like the Muslims do.
So you should find Monotheism and worship the One God Allaah.
Did you know Allaah is written in your Arabic bible, and not ilah.
@olehomer1988 dream on...
We are always seeking the truth. Thanks for your hard work.
how about making a video on contradictions of many versions of bibles.
There are too many contradictions in the Bible. The contradiction is not from God but from human intervention. The video will be too long.
Find it frustrating that he an other scholars keep talking in terms of "variants" or "variations" or "corrections" when non-experts want to know about differences in _meaning!_ Can't they ever use or even know about the word "MEANING"? Should have learned the word in grade school. That's the important word.
I have left the cult of Islam and accepted Jesus Christ as my Lord and saviour.
May God bless you richly for that decision and may God save your entire family
🐛🦋🕊️🐑🗺️🎁🙏❤️✌️
I don't mind you criticizing islam but what i do mind is the false pagan trinity and i don't think you have to be a muslim to believe that why not be a unitarian christian (biblical) and still believe islam is false
Can we say that no two manuscripts of the Quran are identical? What do New Testament scholars claim?
As NT scholars generally not study the quran, why would expect them to say anything as all about the quran?
@@johnzuma4688 I don't know English very well, so I use a translator, he made some mistakes. I wanted to write the following: «Is it possible to say that no two manuscripts of the Koran are identical, just as New Testament scholars claim that no two New Testament manuscripts are alike?»
@@товмач-руснак I assume you can say that my friend. As I have not studied either all the quranic manuscripts or the Biblical one, I am logically not in a position to either confirm or to deny this.
But the issue is this. Differences in the Biblical manuscripts do not change what GOD teaches there. On the other hand the quran states that Mohammed's "the god" (that is all that allah means) will guard the quran. As this has not happened, either Mohammed or his angel lied or Mohammed's "the god" was not capable. Either way it means that the quran cannot be from GOD, yet the Bible can be.
You're wasting your time and efforts, Quran preserved through HUFAZ , Not through QURAH
So tell me, which Arabic version of the quran do you use and why that one? Or do you not even know that there are some 40 different versions of the Arabic quran we know of? Of course all these qurans were written by unknown authors. And how do you deal with all the mistakes, discrepancies, inconsistencies and contradictions in that quran as well as the approval of evil such as raping women who have been captures in battle (surah 33:50) which is adultery and wife beating (surah 4:34) as well as child marriage (surah 65:4) which means that Mohammed and his allah approved of raping little prepubescent girls. And we see that Mohammed led by example when he married a 6 year old child and then raped that child when it was just 9 years old. Clearly Mohammed disqualified himself as a prophet of GOD by the evil he perpetrated. And remember all of islam is only based what Mohammed maybe recited and how he lived.
So tell me, why do you even believe that you will be with GOD in heaven on judgement day when you follow Mohammed? And do show the quran verses on which you base your belief. Remember our ONE TRUE GOD of the Bible promises every person that if they accept Jesus as their saviour and follow what Jesus commanded until they die, they will be with GOD in heaven. As Mohammed claimed to be the final prophet, surely he promised the same for people who follow Mohammed? If not where does it leave you my friend?
God bless you sir. Greetings from Sweden.
Rubbish is rubbish. The apples don't fall far from the trees.
Prove him wrong
@@imemine2925 my opinion that quran is rubbish doesn't need proof. Opinions are subjective, unless you're muslim.
@The devil himself
You aren't sure.
Plus abduls love to soften
the brutal ''original verses''
Its the reason why people
say its not preserved
Rock inscriptions confirm the hadiths.
How similar they are?
Well according to Scholars, very very similar.....
"The Codex Amrensis 1 was among the examples that illustrate the existence of an ancient pattern of transmission whose characteristics closely resemble the Vulgate Qur’anic. The manuscript was probably produced in the first half of the 8th century by a professional copyist, although is small in size (which is related to its horizontal orientation) and bears evidence of an attempt to economize parchment".
Cellard mentions that only 20% of the manuscript remains, although its construction indicates that it originally constituted a complete, possibly several-volume Qur’ān: "Among its important textual features is that the order of surates and verses conforms precisely to the order of the standard edition of the Qur’ān. The text is also identical, with the exception of several copyists’ errors (which are common in any handwritten text). There are a number of orthographical variations, particularly linked to notations of long vowels that are indicative of an older version in the in-progress Arabic writing system. But this manuscript was clearly already part of a pattern of highly controlled written transmission of the Qur’ān".
Dr. Eléonore Cellard
Another scholar : Dr Marijn van Putten
This paper has shown that idiosyncratic spellings of certain words are not due to the whims of the scribe, but are reproduced with the same spelling in all early Quranic manuscripts. The only way that such a consistent reproduction can be explained is by assuming that all the documents that belong to the Uthmanic text type go back to a single written archetype whose spelling was strictly copied from one copy to the next, showing that these copies were based on a written exemplar.
The manuscripts examined in this study are sufficiently early that a codification of the Uthmanic text type is perfectly consistent with an attribution to its traditional source: ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān
I Saw many of your books bigger than Jay smith have.. 🤔🤔
Wow thank you for info. God bless
Great work Great man! Thank you
Imagine what these pages have seen.
So you are saying every single verse is preserved ? Quran is a miracle and will always be preserved because its a validation against the majority of hafiz who have memorized the quran by heart.
No one able to memorize Quran of Muhammad time, the missing ayat that was eaten by animal was never recovered.
A goat could eat all the Qurans in existence and that wouldn’t do anything. A new copy could be written back up in a few hours because it was preserved by memorization
To all muslims
We should follow what being instructed by Caliph Uthman to use the version approved by the prophet companions. The rest manuscript or completed Quran not approved to be destroyed.
Any old copies manuscript found should not be used to compare with present Quran because no one can verify the authenticity of the manuscript except the prophet companions. Why should we questioned and claimed the Quran is complete just because we found old manuscript which no one can verify its authetic in todays world.
Best for us, is to ignore those claim and hold on to the one approved by the prophet's companions
Thanks bro I got stress from this video
So let’s ignore and pretend that there’s no difference and live innna Fairytale. Makes sense
quran is not indeed 1 to 1 preserved there are many word differences in different versions like hafs and warsh for example
Daniel you cut Head of Goliath(Islam) as David ,with his Sword (Qur'an)
Similar BUT ..... well they were claimed to be perfectly preserved letter for letter, word for word, dot for dot, so just one would disqualify their claim of perfect preservation.
"There are holes in the narrative"
Please translate it into Indonesian
What about bible ?
What about the Bible?? Brubaker is discussing the quran and bot the Bible.
1
Its was funny when "scholary" is mixed with defending the faith to mocking another faith, hehe..
No ethics rule in science. No ethics and no bias.
Yes, because that, i am laughing at the commentary..
@@ekadria-bo4962 Huehuehue. I also enjoying a view from a high place.
Hehe, Just funny to see apologist go to scholary.. many biases, many blabber, qiqi.
Can you show me any variants in quran saying jesus is god in any variant?
If no then your topic is non sense
is there any verse in quran says Jesus not God. Quran says Jesus creates life.. Well only God creates life.
@@ellee9695 clearly mention in quran that jesus is man and never create human
go back and read your quran. Jesus created a bird.. isnt bird a life? can a mere man creates bird? can muhammad? obviously u can read your quran but dont understand.
@@ellee9695 show me in quran that jesus said he is god !!
@@semuabaiks you show me you are the muslim
Great video
Very, very similar.
As the hafs Quran and warsh Quran are the most used Qurans they are the ones usually compared. You will find that number of verses in Hafs is 6236, while Warsh has only 6214 verses.
In Surah Al imran 3:146 in the hafs Quran it states “And many a prophet fought” and in the warsh Quran it states “And many a prophet was killed”.
In verse 2:184, the Hafs Quran reads the verse to be "... a ransom [as substitute] of feeding a poor person...". On the other hand, the Warsh Quran reads it "... a ransom [as substitute] of feeding poor people..."
Logically prophets being killed is not the same meaning as prophets fighting and feeding one is different in meaning from feeding many. Clearly we have two different versions of the quran here which proves that the qurans (plural) have not been perfectly preserved.
Differences between hafs and warsh Quran.
www.free-minds.org/sites/default/files/WhichQuran.pdf
So basically, my brother, you are not proving the Quran has not been preserved, you are basically pointing out people’s spelling mistakes.
I am not really concerned with the question of the Quran being "preserved" or not, or to what degree; the question framed in that way is more theological in nature. I deal with manuscripts, and was answering a viewer question about degree of similarity, which is just another way of looking at degree of difference. Also, developing orthography is not properly described as "spelling mistakes." And, at any rate, I have focused very little attention on orthographic variants in my own work and analysis. I find matters involving alternate words, omitted words, different word order, and other more variations or corrections to be more interesting. I hope that helps. Best wishes, DB
Variant Quran nice thank you for clarifying, I hope you can convey this message clearly to your viewers since the large majority of your viewers are Christians looking to find faults in our claim that we stand beside that the Quran is preserved recitation. It seems that this is fuelling hate and division in our brothers of faith which is not the most lovely of thing. Perhaps you could remind your viewers that you are not proving our claim ‘wrong’ and that their texts have far more significant variants. Thank you, may God guide us all.
@@yusuf619rahmani Thank you. Well, I think that the variations in the manuscripts does have something to say about what is reported concerning the oral tradition. Variations in manuscripts certainly seem to add a wrinkle to the picture, because manuscripts represent a tangible record of the thing that is being passed orally, if you will. So, I don't think there is any need to be unkind in the discussion, and my point about my own work is that I'm not personally invested in a theological position concerning "preservation," and I am not carrying on discussions in those terms. But others may do so however they wish, because everyone has a different vantage point and calling in life, and that is one of the wonderful things about the world. Theology is important, after all, but it is not the proximal focus of my Quran manuscript work. Thanks again, and best wishes. DB
Variant Quran Salaam Okay nice 👍🏽, my respect to you. One last question do you ever recite the verses and various surahs yourself?
@@yusuf619rahmani No. Best, DB
Why are Christians happy that there are variants of the Qur'an manuscripts, how ironic.
Can you or anyone else translate your book to the Indonesian language?
Indonesia is one of the Muslim majority countries in the world. In the last ten years, Muslims in Indonesia are more and more radical than before. Most Indonesian believe that Islam is the only true religion and the Quran revealed literally word by word by GOD and preserved well in Jannah.
hehehe..
makin banyak yg mualaf di indonesia.
disisi lain gembala lagi pada ribut dengan konsep ketuhanan Yesus baik di zoom maupun di youtube.
Ada oten nama nya abu madinah 😀
God bless...
FROM THE NEW TESTAMENT BOOK, IT IS EVIDENT THAT JESUS IS NOT GOD OF CHRISTIANS.
JESUS DIDN'T KNOW ANYTHING ABOUT CHRISTIAN.
THERE IS NO VERSE IN THE NEW TESTAMENT THAT PROVES THAT JESUS IS GOD OF CHRISTIANS.
JESUS WAS NEVER SENT TO CHRISTIANS.
THERE IS NO RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN JESUS AND CHRISTIANS.
JESUS ONLY HAS A VERY CLEAR RELATIONSHIP WITH THE PEOPLE OF ISRAEL.
MATTHEW 15: 24
But he answered and said, I am not sent but unto the lost sheep of the house of ISRAEL.
JESUS WAS BORN TO BE A LEADER WHO WILL SHEPHERD THE PEOPLE OF ISRAEL, NOT SHEPHERD CHRISTIANS.
MATTHEW 2: 6
And thou Bethlehem, in the land of Juda, art not the least among the princes of Juda: for out of thee shall come a Governor, that shall rule my people ISRAEL.
JESUS ONLY INTERACTED WITH ISRAELIS, JESUS NEVER INTERACTED WITH CHRISTIANS.
MARK 12: 29
And Jesus answered him, The first of all the commandments, Hear, O ISRAEL, The Lord our God is one Lord.
JESUS IS THE SAVIOUR OF THE PEOPLE OF ISRAEL.
JESUS IS NOT THE SAVIOUR OF CHRISTIANS.
THERE IS NO VERSE IN THE NEW TESTAMENT THAT STATES THAT JESUS IS THE SAVIOUR OF CHRISTIANS.
ACTS 13: 23
Of this man's seed hath God according to his promise raised unto ISRAEL A SAVIOUR, JESUS.
JESUS BE PRAYED AS KING OF ISRAEL, NOT AS KING OF CHRISTIANS.
JOHN 12: 13
Took branches of palm trees, and went forth to meet him, and cried, Hosanna: Blessed is the King of ISRAEL that cometh in the name of the Lord.
JESUS COMMANDED THE WORSHIP OF GOD, JESUS NEVER COMMANDED WORSHIP OF JESUS.
MATTHEW 4: 10
Then saith Jesus unto him, Get thee hence, Satan: for it is written, Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only shalt thou serve.
JESUS COMMANDED TO THE FOLLOW JESUS, JESUS NEVER COMMANDED WORSHIP OF JESUS.
JOHN 8: 12
Then spake Jesus again unto them, saying, I am the light of the world: he that FOLLOWETH me shall not walk in darkness, but shall have the light of life.
IN THE NEW TESTAMENT BOOK, JESUS ONLY INTERACTED WITH ISRAELITES.
JESUS NEVER INTERACTED WITH CHRISTIANS.
THERE ARE NO STORIES ABOUT CHRISTIANITY IN THE NEW TESTAMENT.
THERE ARE SIX CHRISTIAN WORDS IN THE NEW TESTAMENT, BUT THEY HAVE NOTHING TO DO WITH JESUS.
SO, IT IS IMPOSSIBLE FOR JESUS IS THE GOD OF CHRISTIANS.
THIS IS A FACT, NOT HOAX.
TO PROVE IT, READ THE NEW TESTAMENT BOOKS FROM MATTHEW TO REVELATION WITH COMMON SENSE.