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Ostriches (Struthio camelus) are the largest and heaviest birds in the world, native to Africa. They belong to the ratite group, which includes other flightless birds like emus, rheas, and kiwis. Adult ostriches can reach up to 9 feet in height and weigh between 220 to 350 pounds. Despite their inability to fly, ostriches are remarkable runners, capable of sprinting at speeds up to 45 miles per hour, with strides as long as 12 feet.
Their legs are powerful and equipped with two toes, aiding their speed and agility. Ostriches use their legs not only for running but also for defense, delivering strong kicks to potential predators. They have large eyes, which provide excellent vision, and a long neck, helping them spot threats from a distance.
Ostriches are omnivores, feeding on a variety of plants, seeds, insects, and small vertebrates. They have a unique digestive system that includes a large cecum, allowing them to break down tough plant material efficiently.
Socially, ostriches live in nomadic groups, typically consisting of 5 to 50 birds. They practice communal nesting, where several females lay eggs in a single large nest. The dominant female and male take turns incubating the eggs, ensuring a higher survival rate for their offspring.
Ostriches are farmed worldwide for their meat, leather, and feathers. Their adaptability to various climates has made ostrich farming a viable agricultural enterprise beyond their native range.