Regarding the missiles, drones and small arms question: Yup, spot on. The only thing that's going to make small arms obsolete is better small arms. The only thing missiles and drones prompt, is a race to counter them, like we've seen with every other kind of system in history. We always just adapt our tactics to the new environment and come up with a way to counter the threat. And on that note, weapons don't become obsolete because someone found a way to counter them, they become obsolete because someone came up with something that does their job better. Contrary to what the internet believes, horses didn't become obsolete due to the machine gun, they became obsolete due to cars, trucks and motorcycles. Machine guns just changed how they were used.
The utility of horses was mobility, the head on cavalry charge had been countered as far back as the Napoleonic Wars by infantry squares , cavalry was always used afterwards as recon and flanking units. This myth of gallant cavalry rushing headlong into machinegun fire, is just as false as the Poles charging Nazi tanks with lances. On the western front, what countered horses was the trenches and barb wire. There was no exploitable flanks to rush. Eastern front horses stayed relevant all the way through, due to the different nature of the terrain and combat there. But the functions of the cavalry replaced horses with planes,for recon, and later armored vehicles for the attack.
Agreed 100%. New weapons are developed to counter armour, new armour is developed to counter new weapons. Plate and warhammers spring to mind as classic examples of this. Personally I expect some form of EMP warhead to be developed to counter drones, supercapitors and a pinch. Either you fry the avionics completely or force it to RTB, it's a win whatever happens.
@@madisntit6547 I dont know the context of that maneuver, but that would have likely failed in 1865 too. Charging headlong on horseback into prepared defenses is generally a bad idea, unless their is no other option.
Also remember that before Wickard v. Filburn in 1942, the NFA was only enforceable on machine guns that _actually crossed state lines_. Building machine guns in your shed out back didn't legally fall under NFA purview until after SCOTUS decided that literally every tangible object in existence affects interstate commerce.
I think there's a lot of people, who never carried a new or good condition M60, who do not appreciate everything the M60 offered as a squad base of fire. I carried an M60 for several years early in my career and would gladly carry a new manufactured M60 variant over any of the M240 variants I've dealt with over the years. That might be different if I was putting the gun in the turret of a Humvee, but carried dismounted, the M60 was the superior system. The units and gunners just needed to stay focused on their BMW-CLS. Ian is on point with his response to the M60/M240 question.
My 60 worked just fine except in very cold weather. Loved it although I think after walking about more than 5 miles the weight became 50 pounds instead of 23.
The M60 should have been fixed early on, put the gas system and bipod from the PK, FCG pin system from the MG42 instead of the flat spring also the sear mech of the MG42 and fix the caming and locking lug timing, there are some other minor points but that those are the most glaring. I really think the M60 is on of the best Machine Guns its just like the US gov gave up on it. But the US had a history of flubbing it on machine guns. The Brownings are closed bolts, the 249 was supposed to be in a different round and is too heavy, adopting the Portative when the Madsen existed, keeping the M2 with the need to adjust timing and headspace for so long and on and on. I do think part of the problem stems from the NFA and the lack of civilian machine gun ownership and manufacturing
Note: The True Velocity cases don't take more heat out of the barrel, but they transfer SIGNIFICANTLY less heat TO the chamber and barrel than the brass cases take out of it, thereby keeping it cooler to begin with
Most of the extra heat that doesn't get absorbed by the case and chamber just goes straight out the muzzle. Very little of the extra heat is absorbed by the barrel.
@@inund8 That's kind of a semantic difference, a lot of spiritual experiences are by their very nature, supernatural. Gun Jesus needn’t consider such things supernatural because it's normal for him at this point
Polymer ammo actually is a heat insulator and leaves the action mostly cold... All the heat and energy goes to the barrel, which actually allows for smaller powder loads to generate more energy where it's supposed to go.
I saw a video of a guy shooting a belt fed machinegun with polymer cartridges and touching the action with bare hands just after the last round and it was cold to the touch.
The Textron CTW polymer LMG has a rotating chamber, separate from the barrel other than lining up at instant of firing, and apparently runs the chamber at just over room temperature. Other guns, heat leaks back into the chamber from the barrel.
Yep. Ian is too nice in his description of that situation. It's not gun paranoia, it's malicious. TH-cam isn't afraid of liability or anything like that, they are working an agenda.
@@sultanofsick Agreed. YT is only about jumping on the Woke bandwagon, censorship and ultimate control. That is in violation of our Constitutional Rights.
Are Cold War rifles expensive because they’re becoming popular or because they’re so rare? Millions of K98s and Mosins were available to the civilian market while a small fraction of FALs or AUGs were introduced.
@@ONEROUNDLEFT It's pretty relevant to a collector who wants *the actual rifles* that were used in the conflict/country/time period that they are interested in.
@@tacticalmattfoley to be fair, 5 digit numbers for a gun period is fucking insane. Then again I'm not a collector, I never understood the mindset of having things for the sake of having things.
Jesus Christ, his hair is better and more glossy than my wife who is an ex-fashion model. He should definitely recommend hair conditioner products as a more lucrative sideline.
36:38 In attempts to get the stable smokeless powder formula the major nations went further than chemical analysis. I have read once that Dmitry Mendeleev, creator of the periodic table himself, was sent to France, where he literally sat at a train terminal and counted the railway carts and tanks that carried the chemicals to the nearby gunpowder plant. Thus, he worked out the basic proportion of the components and reverse engineered the production method for the Russians.
@William Mulvaney in case of nitrocellulose there was also a problem of side-product impurities that destabilized the mix after it got dry. If I am not mistaken, they solved this issue by first washing the compound in ethanol. Again, no idea where I read that =)
Even if the NGSW were adopted widely (I also dont believe this will happen) then the 5.56 / M4 would be retained for the same reason the M1 Carbine was used alongside the M1 Garand.
Sorry, but does he specifically talk about the adoption of NGSW anywhere, outside of the polymer cases? Haven seen anything about that in the questions.
48:00 I have another example: Harry Ferguson, who invented the 3point hitch for farm tractors, was a tricky guy to work with, and he tried making tractors with Henry Ford. They fell out with each other, but the tractor is an icon: the Ford 8N.
An exception to most museums having "enough" guns is if you have a weapon that you can place at a specific battle. I you have a rifle that has the provenance that it was used at say Gettysburg or Shiloh then museums in those areas may be interested.
“The GunJesus Made Me Do It!” replacing “The Devil Made Me Do It!” in 2021. Bwahahahahahaha!!!! 😂🤣😂🤣😂🤣 If only I thought 🤔💭 🧐😳🤫 this would actually work with my spouse! It may buy me an extra second or two to run away faster though....just sayin’.......😎
As far as Carcano’s though, a former brother-in-law found a 6.5 behind a large commercial refrigerator in a long time local pizza restaurant during a remodel in 1974-1976 range. He offered to trade it against his labor and the owner accepted. He got his hands on some mil-surp 140gr ball and Norma soft point for it and took a couple of deer with it. Eventually selling it, I have no idea where it is today, but it was in great shape. That being said, pretty much every other one I’ve ever seen has been in awful shape as far as the bore conditions and action care. I’d like to see some 7.3mm or 7.7mm (I forget which one it takes) ammunition, as I’ve never seen any and I know someone that has one and he would like to shoot it sometime.
@@ronaldlollis8895 it is out there (7.35 mm Carcano). Steinel has it, and there are others, like Buffalo Arms and Graff and Sons, although most is out of stock (which is the case with a LOT of calibers right now).
The first side to field a "STEN"-type SMG in WWI would have found the sweet spot. Mass adoption of a simple blowback carbine like the Win. 1907 might have done just as good.
We've effectively been using polymer cases to reduce ammunition weight and make manufacture simpler for 61 years. I mean they weren't combat rounds but .73 brass and paper were both kinda heavy.
@@taccovert4 Although I really don't think it makes that much difference. One thing I've wondered about is in the early days of cartridge adoption there were issues with cases tearing and manufacturing. Did anyone do an intermediate step of producing rifle ammunition with a metal base to provide chamber sealing and a paper based upper section to hold the powder and projectile?
0:22:00 There are several Indian reservations who have the control necessary for a volley group to get together. The larger problem is whether you'll ever know if you've hit something.
The British Mk. I .303 Maxim gun, adopted in 1893, was designed for the round-nosed Mk. II .303 in cartridge. We didn't adopt a spitzer bullet until 1910.
I'm a little late to the party, but I always appreciate the extra bits of effort that Ian puts into his videos, such as marking the time for each question. Most of all, the closed captions in videos are extremely helpful for me. That isn't to say that the Q&A's should have them all typed, that would be absurd and the generated is fine, but for the other videos its greatly appreciated.
RE: Sam Colt. In Raising Arizona the police ask Nathan Arizona if he has any disgruntled employees. He responds, "Hell, they're all disgruntled! I ain't running no daisy farm!"
The M60 post-E3 is now considered a good GPMG. Especially when you get into the E4 and E6 another advantage the M60 offers over the 240/MAG is it's lower ROF leading to better accuracy and less chance of Collateral Damage. Those 2 advantages are part of the reason Denmark chose to just have U.S. Ordnance update their M60s to M60E6s.
I don't listen to long format media like podcasts or audiobooks because I tend to get bored or distracted or just not retain any of the information, but it just occurred to me that I have no problem listening to Ian answer other people's questions for almost an hour and a half and still be able to stay engaged with the content. Bravo Ian and congratulations on your success
@William Mulvaney got 7 minutes into a video and couldn't do it anymore, he's not a very interesting personality and after ten years in the Navy I'm just not interested in anything to do with ships, boats or landing craft.
The allies had purchased and deployed semi-auto Remington Model 8s for aircraft use and rumored to have used them in trench raids.... an 'assault rifle' in .35 Remington in WWI is somewhat plausible.
In Julian Hatchers Book of the Garand, he describes how in the interwar period the Army experimented with some Model 8s in .25 Remington(modified with reciever aperture sights) to see the benefits of a semi-auto vs bolt-action, and lower recoil cartridges for marksmanship and training. In short, they saw a huge difference. But the Model 8 was evaluated as too complicated and fragile for service, and the .25 Remington was too ballistically compromised to use as a standard cartridge. It would lead to the development of the .276 Pedesen and eventually the Garand though.
@@MandoWookie interesting that we saw the 25 Remington as too weak but the 7.62*39 has seen extensive use while being ballistically similar in normal combat ranges.
@@randomidiot8142 Different contexts. In the 1920s, the US Army knew that most individual riflemen were only effective out to 300yds at most, with most combat happening at ranges of 50 to 150yds, and that a semiauto with aperture sights in a light .22 to .25 caliber round was the most effective weapon for individual marksmanship in that context. But, logistically they were never going to accept two separate rifle calibers, or a compromised MG caliber. They would still have to have retained 30'06 rifles in the squad even in a 2 tiered system, for grenade launching and anti-armor reasons( one of the biggest reasons the Army was insisting on nothing less than .30 cal, was for effective AP ammo against (early) tanks and armored cars, otherwise the average infantryman wouldn't have effectively any anti-armor capability), and an MG chambered in such a light cartridge was way too much of a cut in range and lethality for the envisioned use of MGs at the time. The compromise they were tentatively going toward was the .276 Pedesen, which at least matched the range and trajectory of the '06, but was definitely biased toward the rifle side of the equation, and as soon as it was demonstrated that you could do a semi-auto in '06, without to much compromise, they did it. The 7.62x39, was developed in a different context, with the understanding of it being part of 2 tiered system from the start. Individual weapons at the squad level ( rifle, submachine gun, and lmg) would all be in this intermediate round, and any greater range capability would be provided by the heavy MGs mounted on tripods or vehicles. The main focus on was on ease of training, ammo and weapon weight, and controllability in full auto. Also compactness for a mechanized infantry. They wanted an SMG with better range and accuracy comparable to a rifle at reasonable distances. Which is why they dropped the SKS later as the AK did the same task just as well.
another thing to consider with the volley fire is if the ammo replicates what the sights were set for. at 1600+ yards having ammo that is + or - 50 fps would be a huge difference.
Mass-produced ammo at the time was +-50fps. If that. Especially with different time spent in storage. Volley fire (above visible range) from rifles is complete and utter BS, just like bayonet assaults on machine guns.
@@PaulVerhoeven2 It worked at to an extent at Omdurman, but then at Omdurman the Mahdists that still had a substantial part of their force using spears rather than rifles and attacked in large groups over open ground...
I believe the only agency/military unit which stuck with 10mm Auto was the Sirius Dog Sled Patrol, which has Glock 20s and M1917 Enfield’s for polar bears and musk ox.
0:14:15 Ian answers this question as what an assault weapon would be used for in WWI, i. e. close range trench assaults. The rifle part of "best assault rifle of WWI" question has already been covered by Forgotten Weapons and InRangeTV when discussing the Federov Avtomat ( and the B. A. R. among others ). The Federov Avtomat comes closest to what we think of as an "assault rifle" because it was originally designed and produced using the 6.5 × 50 mm Arisaka cartridge ( intermediate sized, when compared to the European and American cartridges of the time ). Though the Avtomat does not match the rugged and reliable simplicity of modern designs, it was the very beginning of the ideas we see implemented now. For WWI the MP 18 would be the best match to the needs of trench fighting, so it would work best in a role similar to an "assault rifle". But, Ian didn't have to throw so much shade on the Thompson SMG ( which had been designed too late to reach service in WWI anyway. Gen. Thompson actually coined the term "Sub Machine Gun" for these firearms ). Good questions and great answers, thank you Ian!
It just happened to run across this, do not forget that the polymer case does not transfer nearly as much heat to the chamber area of the rifle as a brass case does either. It forces all of that heat energy down the barrel. It's probably overall will make the firearm run cooler up until heat soak finally affects the chamber area as well.
The idea of a 10mm Mark23 is forgetting the original purpose of the Mark23. Mark23 is meant to shoot a subsonic bullet super quietly while suppressed, which was a big reason why .45ACP was the chosen ammunition for it, as most 230 grain loads are already subsonic. Even .40 S&W is often supersonic, so you might as well just be asking for subsonic .40S&W to shoot out of a Mark23 instead of 10mm.
To be fair the guy was a proper tool,I'd like to say but he was a seriously talented gun designer but he wasnt really but he was a top level industrialist,capitalist and entrepreneur but still a conniving underhanded and at times pretty unscrupulous dick
The Advanced Primer Ignition was the reason for the success of another impressive aerial gun from WWII; the MK 108. It allowed for an extremely compact and lightweight design with less recoil than comparable 30mm cannons. One of the most innovative aerial weapons of the war.
Those benefits were possible in the MK 108 due to the relatively low muzzle velocity of about 550m/s. It was a good compromise for weight vs. effectiveness against heavy bombers but not that easy to aim with.
Nice! My first answer! I still love my 10mm though and still gathering parts for a 10mm AR PCC. At the height of the pandemic, I could get 10 cheaper than 9 which is how I came to really know and love the caliber.
French firearms have definitely all increased in price over the past ~3 years at least partially due to your content. And I suspect your multiple mentions of the K31 as a good collectible have also nudged their prices higher.
@@kylebradley3 The Swiss shooting federation have recently changed the rules for the K31 in Swiss rifle competition (300m). They will now be allowed the be shot with bipod (being designed/built by a local company) rather than sling and jacket. Older people are currently allowed to use a rest and the age where this is allowed will now be reduced. This will probably result in quite a few more people using them in competition and drive the price up. They will compete in the same division as the slightly "pimped" StGw-57/03 which are much more expensive (the 57 is pretty cheap, but the add-ons are stupidly expensive).
Another very critical point about the US adoption of the M60 versus the FN MAG is that the M60 was an "in-house" design developed by the same people who were doing most of the reports on small arms development for the US military. "Not Invented Here" has been a recurring problem with arms adopted by the US military. The home team advantage is real.
Actually the FN MAG, or other designs that were better than the M60, had never been considered. All that was considered in the adoption of the M60 was "it's better than the M1919?". In the design there were so many obvious mistakes (self unscrewing gas taps, parts that can be reassembled backwards, receiver damaged by just pulling the charging handle without a belt present) to make it doubt it had really been properly tested.
@@neutronalchemist3241 Yes, and the *reason* no other guns were seriously considered was 100% due to, "But we have GPMG at home." It wasn't until the 1970s, and the failures of the tank MG programs, that there was any real attempt to look at guns that *weren't* developed by DOD. Which resulted in selecting the FN MAG for tank use. The introduction of the M240 to ground service was via a back door, as Vietnam era M60s were worn out (hey, that lightness comes with service life implications), and the fastest, cheapest way for the Marines to get a bunch of new GPMGs for infantry use was by grabbing a bunch of "free" M240s from mothballed Abrams and adding the ground gun conversion kits. At which point, people in the Army started to take notice that the M240 is a really good GPMG, even if it is on the "husky" end of the clothing rack.
@@oldbenkenobi9212 Very true - FN basically flipped a BAR upside down, gave it a belt feed, and incorporated a quick change barrel. And utterly irrelevant, as the US Ordnance bubbas didn't develop it, and FN in Belgium *did*. Therefore it was a foreign weapon. Hell, they didn't even want any *US* guns that weren't developed by them.
Well the NGSW prediction was a bust. It’s a top down replacement for front line or fighting troops and the cooks and truck drivers will be keeping the existing m4 rifles. On the side it looks as if the rifle will fire the full brass normal pressure cartridge that’s cheaper for trailing and so on and when deployed to conflict zones the full high pressure high power high speed cartridges will be issued knowing that it’s unlikely that the rifles will survive long enough in combat for the barrels to burn out. So the one with the brass/steel case at about 90000 psi won.
I don’t know about individual weapons, but I had an M60A1 that was haunted. Damned thing would jump into gear and take off on it’s own. It did it one evening at Ft. Riley while idling and we were out “cleaning mud out of the tracks” in preparation for the nightly freeze. It started to vibrate, then “thunk!”… it started trundling off across the Kansas plains, with us in foot pursuit. Climbed up the rear grill doors before it gained speed, and brought it’s escape to a halt. Mechanics couldn’t find anything wrong with it externally… must have been something internal in the transmission. We never left it running without someone in the driver’s compartment ever again. As far as I know, it only happened once more. C-21(Charlie 2-1, aka Christine).
"There is absolutely no reason that it's not going to be assessed the exact same way" I describe almost all gun laws (and by extension the ATF) as being arbitrary, illogical, and ineffective at curbing actual crime.
Ian, i see that you are one of the most effective influencers in the gun community at the time, and as you have stated that there is a growing audience, then these newbies conform to the influencers mainly, like you or brandon atm. And i'd say, you have given french arms a boost in reputation. So i'd say that there is a long term effect on the price of some guns for you have presented them, but this value increases are not as substantial for one to be able to pinpoint the "blame" on whole to you.
I definitely agree with your comments on 10mm. Never caught on to the gimmick and glad I just stuck to getting a Glock 19. Even got a MCK for it, so I can still shoot it in a comfy PCC platform.
@@chasejohnson1122 It might be used in that capacity, but it’s not what it was intended for. The FBI field tested it with intentions of replacing .40cal for agents. But obviously found it too powerful with over penetration. So IMO still a gimmick in terms of “needing” the round. Especially when there are plenty of others that’ll do the same job for cheaper. As far as a bear gun, I’m sure it’s very effective. Though I’d still prefer some 12 gauge slugs
The NGSW's 6.8x51mm Plastic Ammo will be much Stable and Valid on weapons due to it Decreases heat and Muzzle Flash. It will be useful on M240, SCAR, M134 and some.
.25 Remington and .30 Remington were even better, since they were rimless. What lacked was a thechnology to make an AR reliable in thrench warfare. The same reason semiautos failed in WWI.
To the 10 mm point, it's a good cartridge for medium-large predator defense and the new FK BRNO PSD runs 10 mm rather well and fits the offensive pistol model. Karl's review matches up with my experience with the gun in 10 mm and I plan to carry it this archery season in place of my .45+P pistol.
@@chasejohnson1122 Just weighed mine. Unloaded it's clocking in at 2.4 lbs. G40 is about 3 oz lighter so not enough difference to make a difference I think.
I'm excited to hear about the desert brutality match going 3 gun with the precision rifle requirement. That's a cool idea for a brutality match. I can't wait to see the stage designs for that. Bring it on! Have a good day Ian
About the cz? 52 . I,m not sure the model number . But it has a double hole primer . And roller block action . Officer issued pistol . It holds 7 rounds in mag , and it,s about 1 inch wide . And it was the first time I heard about over pennetration with a pistol
50:00 accurate shots from a bottom fed mag was prioritized over shooting lots of bullets efficiently but with offset sights. We dont have the numbers to just give everyone a bullet spray. Moving towards mostly just special force units.
I think plastic ammo prevents the transfer of the heat from the combustion of the powder to the barrel. Demonstrated by the fact that the chamber is cold after firing.
Low pressure ammo is also a factor. They ever say what operating pressure is? People have been using blue dot powder in 5.56 for shooting squirrels for quite a while. You get 90% of the velocity with half the powder charge. And the barrel stays cooler much longer. Nothing special. It's still brass cases and standard bullets. Can't run it in autos that need the usual gassy powders because it won't cycle, but it can be done.
@@fiasco7P he stuck his hand on the feed tray. What they're claiming and what I've talked to an OEM about does not line up. They're leaving something out. Less powder, same performance? They're toying with powders or skewing numbers somewhere to make it sound cool. It's basic physics, not unicorn farts and witch brews.
Almost had the volley fire thing set up. Plan was on a ranch,using a silage tarp for target. But wind picked up an blizzard blew in. Never revisited it.
Wait, is he no longer working with Karl on InRangeTV? I know he wasn't in couple of new videos, but I thought it was just a coincidence and the “Way back in the InRange days” meant just an old INRange project they did long time ago...
British doctrine went for a machine gun based squad alongside the Germans. The infantry sections in a platoon were based around the Bren. Each man had two large ammo pouches on his webbing filled with Bren magazines. His own ammo was carried in a canvas bandolier
Wich is always funny to me because a common British remark about the inferiority of the Mg34 was that the entire German squad had to carry ammo for their machine gun.... While they do the same.
Gun Jesus in his silk bathrobe talking about guns in a way only ~50 firearm experts combined might be able to after years of studying in a library is just another level of badass
Lol, honestly nobody really seemed to think it would be adopted, not just Ian. I never watched this beforehand, and I too thought there was no way the Army would go through with it.
@@KirkHermary To be fair, it's pretty unpredictable ahead of time. Nobody expected the M16 to be adopted, people expected the XM8 to be adopted. Hell even the M1 Garand wasn't a sure thing, except to the military officers who'd already decided on it. On the surface, it seems a bit too weird for the military, but it makes sense as a continuation and up-gunning of the AR platform. We did this with the M60 tank, upgrading it into a behemoth that can still tango on a modern battlefield.
Ian said he would have to travel somewhere like Idaho to find a firing range of a sufficient size where he or anyone else could attempt volley fire. I think I know exactly which firing range he is talking about. It's the Idaho National Guard firing range near the Boise airport. I've been shooting there. I'm accustomed to military property being off limits to anything but authorized personnel, but I was amazed to find that civilians are allowed on the grounds. At least when the ING isn't using it for mortar practice, etc. There were signs warning against picking up unexploded ordnance. We saw a range safety officer stop and talk to a guy. When the guy came our way, we asked him what the RSO said to him. and he said the RSO told him not to shoot at any of the helicopters passing overhead. Otherwise it's pretty much do as you please so long as it is within reason. We set off a couple of canisters of Tannerite. Real laid back place Idaho.
I've shot a glock model 22 is .40s&w quite a few times. Found it to be about the same as shooting a .45acp 1911, and much prefer it to a Beretta 92fs in 9mm. But the cost is a VERY real thing. .40 S&W is crazy expensive for what you get. I'd much rather chew through a couple of boxes of .45 ACP or 9mm parabellum.
Ian, on the topic of polymer casings versus traditional brass casings. There appears to be a significant gap in the understanding of the differences between the polymeric materials and metallic materials and their participation in the heat transfer process. I personally believe that polymeric cartridges will yield cooler running actions and barrels for the reasons I will illustrate below. Apologies in the forehand, as this is a quite long comment. There are two really important properties in heat transfer in this application. Specific heat, and thermal conductivity. Specific heat is the material property that determines how much thermal energy (J), per unit mass of material (M), is required to raise the temperature of a material by one degree of temperature unit (T). Thermal conductivity determines how much thermal energy (J), per unit time (s), is conducted through a length of material (L), per unit temperature (T). These are analogous to capacitance and resistance in electrical terminology. I will assume that the polymeric cartridges are using a nylon 6,6 casing, although there are other plausible materials that the casing can be constructed from. These include various urethanes, fluorine containing polymers such as Teflon, or even POM based materials like Delrin. Regardless, the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivities of these engineering grade polymers are on the same order of magnitude. Properties of interest are displayed below. Values are given in SI values, with sources at the end of the comment Metallic, brass, cartridges will have the following properties: Specific heat capacity: 0.375 J/g-°C (SI) Thermal conductivity: 120 W/m-K Polymeric cartridges will have the following properties: Specific heat capacity: 1.45 - 2.10 J/g-°C Thermal conductivity: 0.260 W/m-K While, yes as you correctly pointed out in the video, the polymeric materials will act as a much better insulator than the brass cartridges. However, this is not only due to the very poor thermal conductivity of polymers. In also determining an insulator, the heat capacity must be factored in. A very good insulator will maximize the specific heat of the material, and minimize the thermal conductivity of the material. This simultaneously limits the amount of heat energy conducted away from the source, and also sinks a large amount of this energy into just raising the temperature of the insulator, which in this case is the polymeric casing. Heat generation in firing comes from several sources. First and most obviously is the initial combustion of the powder. Next is the not insignificant amount of heat generated as the bullet interacts with the rifling. Third is the continued heat generation as powder burns and the bullet travels down the barrel. The cartridge, regardless of brass or polymer, I think would extract heat primarily from the initial combustion of powder. Heat generation from bullets engaging with rifling will be transferred directly to the barrel, and heat generation during powder combustion after the bullet has started moving will be spread throughout the sealed area behind the bullet. What a brass case does is conduct a large amount of heat into the receiver of the firearm, where the much higher mass of the receiver deals with this energy. Only a small amount of energy is pulled from the gun with each brass cartridge, with the majority of it being dumped into the receiver. A polymeric case would conduct some small amount of heat from firing into the receiver, but I would imagine that a much larger portion of that heat energy is retained within the polymer. This heat energy never makes its way into the receiver, and the receiver is able to act as a heat sink for the heat generated in continued combustion and heat generated by rifling engagement. We already see similar things in the shotgun world, with their largely polymer cases. Sure the ammo isn’t producing as much heat as the rifle, but as I and everyone that’s put a ton of .22LR downrange in a short period will tell you, the guns can get warm. Shotgun receivers, by and large, have less material in them than an AR-15 receiver. Yet, the shotgun receiver stays colder longer in comparison to an AR-15 receiver. A large amount of heat is being extracted from the gun by the casing, far more than you would expect than in comparison to a brass cartridge. If you’ve run steel and brass ammo in the same gun, you may or may not have noticed that the steel ammo keeps the gun slightly cooler longer. Once again, it is due to the materials properties of the casing. I’m assuming steel cases are made from a low alloy, low carbon steel, such as 1018 for its formability, in giving the material properties. 1018 Steel Thermal Properties: Specific heat capacity: 0.486 J/g-°C (SI) Thermal conductivity: 51.9 W/m-K TL:DR; Polymeric casings extract more heat from the receiver due to their higher specific heat than metallic casings. Less heat transferred from firing to the receiver means that the secondary sources of heat can utilize the receiver as a heat sink, reducing the temperature of the barrel which typically acts as a heat sink and radiator. Thanks for reading if you got this far! I really enjoy the content you put together! Sources for data used: Cartridge brass thermal properties: Cartridge Brass, UNS C26000 (260 Brass), OS070 Temper flat products (matweb.com) Polymeric thermal properties: Overview of materials for Nylon 66/6 (matweb.com) 1018 steel thermal properties: www.matweb.com/search/datasheet_print.aspx?matguid=3a9cc570fbb24d119f08db22a53e2421
@@DIEGhostfish I don’t know, having a guy from the Ford company inspecting your house for cleanliness seems like a downer. And God help you if you decide to strike…….
As bad as Ford has been lately, Atleast their not GM. GM is 100% garbage. And Chrysler (dodge’s owner) got bought by that Dutch company, Stellantis. Fiat, Chrysler and Peugeot: the three stooges of the automotive industry.
Chris from Task & Purpose got to fire True Velocity's polymer ammo out of the bullpup NGSW and some other guns and noted that the action was noticably cooler due to the cartridge case not leeching its heat into the action.
@@chris101ward if cases have time to transfer heat into them, they have time to transfer heat through them. That's how thermal transfer works. And polymer cases resulting in cooler chamber temperatures isn't theoretical. It was observed in LSAT, with PCP (as crap as they were otherwise), with True Velocity and with the US army failed testing i can't remember the name of. The problems were always keeping the case strong and intact.
@@dcrose001 a small amount of heat relative to the total being put into the gun, and remember that heat is coming from hot gas, under pressure. If you can insulate part of the container that would otherwise be in contact with that gas, for the short amount of time the gas is in the container, and then vent all of that gas out while its still very very hot, ofc you'll have less heat transfered into the container. Thats exactly what polymer case does. And again, this is empirical fact. In actual real life testing, polymer case results in lower temperatures than brass cased.
@@DSlyde with polymer ammo, all of your heat is transferred to the weapon, and not shed from the gun. The cases insulating properties don't magically change the laws of thermodynamics. The heat has to go somewhere.
@@dcrose001 maybe go watch the video and listen to the explainer. The polymer cases insulate the action from any heat from powder detonation. You can also pick up a polymer case straight after firing, something you can't do with brass.
Ian, I’m a little late, but speaking of the Tank und Fliegee MG you mentioned, there is one that remains in a museum called the Wehrtechnische Studiensammlung in Koblenz, Germany. If you’re ever in that part of the world, I recommend going there, as it’s pretty much where the German Army dumped everything they ever tested going back to the 19th century. I believe they have Vollmers, and I know they have an exhibit with some very strange German LMG prototypes from the 1930s.
the m4 platform is not suited for the 6.8x51 ngsw ammo. it needs a longer barrel and "heavier" components, because the ammo supposedly more powerful than 7.62 nato. yes, sig' bid uses a carbine length barrel, but they had to make their ammo hotter to compensate for the shorter barrel in order to get the bullet going as fast as spec'd by the army. this has lead to a ridiculously high recoil on their gun. basically the 6.8x51 ngsw ammo needs a longer barrel and/or a recoil reducing device. both can be found on General Dynamics' bid.
@@apple_with_a_human_butt the NGSW ammo is 130-140gr at 3000fps. That's at least .270 Winchester stats, if not higher power due to the shorter barrels of a military rifle.
a war where the US tried to move away from "boots on the ground win the war" concept was Vietnam. The US tried to win that was by a kill metric, without holding and securing ground - and lost strategically, having won almost all tactical engagements.
Funny how the original purpose of M240 adoption is later abandoned, and in the end Infantry grunts had to lug around those cumbersome guns around instead
The 240 sneaked in by the back door as the coaxial MG on the Abrams and Bradley, aside from a few half-hearted experiments with early M60 tanks the Army never tried to use the M60 MG as a coax gun. So as the M60s wore out they decided to go with a gun that they could use in multiple roles across the force for ease of logistics & training, and which is frankly more durable though heavier. I loved the Pig, she has her quirks and flaws but nothing that good training can't make up for, but I also appreciate the advantages of the 240. If I had to choose though....give me back my M60!
I think the M60 beats the MAG/M240 in the rifle squad, with one guy running it. But, in the weapons squad, where you have a four-man team, a tripod, and lots of ammo, the heavier, easier to maintain gun is better. Same thing on vehicle mounts. And once the M249 shows up, it is better than the M60 in the rifle squad, for weight and ammo reasons. Can even borrow mags from the rest of the squad in an emergency...
@@windwalker5765 except M249 are notoriously unreliable when using magazines. Wasn't Mk46 (i'm not sure btw) eliminated this feature? Correct me if i'm wrong
@@muhammadnursyahmi9440 You are entirely correct. But you would only ever use magazines if you are out of belted ammo... meaning your choice is between an unreliable gun and _no gun at all._ Guess which a soldier is likely to pick...
When I was in the Air Guard when the pilots did strafing practice the target was an old drag chute and the scoring was by a ground based radar, number of rounds in the target area over number of rounds fired. I'm sure it is easier to count 20mm and larger with radar than 8mm and smaller.
Polymer cases might become so cheap that buying new cases every time is cheaper than using brass 4 or 5 times, maybe even make ammo so cheap that reloading isn’t as convenient anymore (seriously doubt it though). I think that hand loading might still be viable with polymer cases, just in a different way, or it might just keep using brass cases
Infact. Reloading is a thing with brass ammos only because brass cases are expensive. An already fired, dirty and still with the spent primer brass .223 case is around 0.12$, one cleaned and unprimed 0.2$ and one pristine around 0.4$. If a new, unprimed plastic case will be around 0.1$, what will be the point in reloading?
@@neutronalchemist3241 exactly, ti would be cheaper either to buy new cases every time or to buy factory ammo. And if you hand load for accuracy and not for price, you can get new cases or stick to brass
The only time I've seen a Colt machine gun was in the film "The Wind and the Desert," when a joint American Navy/Marine landing force is marching through a fictional Middle Eastern city.
Do you perhaps mean "the Wind and the Lion" from 1975? Stars Sean Connery and Candace Bergen with Brian Kieth as Teddy Roosevelt. It's supposedly loosely based upon real events in Morocco in 1904. (The Perdicaris Incident). Another movie depicting Colt Machine Guns is The Rough Riders from 1997. It was made for cable as a miniseries, directed by John Milius. Tom Berenger portrays Teddy Roosevelt and I highly recommend it. (I thoroughly enjoyed it as a lad, so my opinion is biased.) Cheers!
I always thought one of the biggest problems of stocked pistols is the stock is significantly bulkier than the pistol, or even an SMG which is kinda what a carbine or ppc serves
I kind of love the idea of a 10mm Mk.23 myself. The thing I never understood about the Mk.23 is how they made a .45ACP the size of a Desert Eagle with only a 12-shot magazine!
Because there isn't any more room in the grip. Putting the 12th round in a mark 23 magazine is a pain the ass because you're compressing the mag spring to its limit. This is the same issue with the USP 45.
@@Full_Otto_Bismarck Right, I completely understand that. I'm just thinking of it in comparison to other .45s with more than 12 round capacity that aren't as massive as the Mk.23. Like, many double stack 1911/2011 types and several models from FNH. Even full size Glock .45s, though admittedly they only beat a Mk.23 by one round with standard magazines.
Weird right? You'd think there would be ALOT more haunted weapons. Granted there's some theories about haunted sites being the result of subharmonic vibrations that we do not consciously perceive, which trigger very lucid visual/audio hallucinations. Something innocuous as a loose water pipe or the way sound bounces around an old stairwell. Unfortunately the human mind is barely understood enough for such theories to really be examined well.
The Swedish 155mm howitzer m77A used plastic shell casings this in the end of the 70s until 90s when 77B took over, without shell casings at all, it used powder bundles in fabric or paper (?).
My kid is in the army and is currently in a unit testing SIGs NGSW. Word is it’s going to go a lot like the SCAR, as Ian says, and only go supplementally to more elite units like SF, Rangers, 173d ABN and elements of the 82d ABN. It’s too expensive of a platform, and too much more complicated than the M4 to replace it as a standard rifle.
I'm trying to get ahead of the curve with weapons from modern-ish african conflicts. South African built FALs, Vektors, ideally a Denel NTW-20 at some point, Colt AR-15ish stuff with Merc provenance.
Back in the day, we had a local gun store that was like a museum. Skeet Hill in Verona, MS had all of the models of Armalite, including an AR Sporter with a low serial number. He had a Japanese 20mm antitank gun hanging from his ceiling, a 20 foot bank vault full of Mausers, Springfields, and Enfields, he had all sorts of old guns and machine guns. When he passed, his wife sold most of his collection at auction to live off of. Unfortunately, it took a LOOONG time to get the approvals through, the auction collected their percentage from the sales and some of the background checks didn't pass for one reason or the other, but she was still responsible for the auction house's percentage, and having refund all that money to the buyers who failed the process. It was a huge headache for her and devastating.
Re German WW1 Wunderwaffe, a bit larger than usually covered, there was also development of the Becker Cannon in 20mm, it evolved through SEMAG into the famed Oerlikon 20mm. At Armistice there was also a small 37mm cannon under trials intended as fire support and anti-tank use.
Legend has it Soviet macaroni and cigarettes were also made in 7.62 mm.
Well, 7.62 was equivalent to 3 'lines', a pre-metric unit in Russia.
One lathe to rule them all...
@@smokedlogic2738 keep dust out your bore nicely dont they mate 👌😉
@@AmstradExin And one 'line' was just plain simple 1/10 of an inch.
So 3 lines = 0.3 inches = 7.62 mm
@@Triffid96 holy shit man. Next thing you tell me .308 and 7.62NATO are the same round! Blowing my mind here
Regarding the missiles, drones and small arms question: Yup, spot on.
The only thing that's going to make small arms obsolete is better small arms. The only thing missiles and drones prompt, is a race to counter them, like we've seen with every other kind of system in history. We always just adapt our tactics to the new environment and come up with a way to counter the threat. And on that note, weapons don't become obsolete because someone found a way to counter them, they become obsolete because someone came up with something that does their job better. Contrary to what the internet believes, horses didn't become obsolete due to the machine gun, they became obsolete due to cars, trucks and motorcycles. Machine guns just changed how they were used.
dont forget the bicycles
If we taught horses how to use machine guns, they'd be back in a huge way.
The utility of horses was mobility, the head on cavalry charge had been countered as far back as the Napoleonic Wars by infantry squares , cavalry was always used afterwards as recon and flanking units. This myth of gallant cavalry rushing headlong into machinegun fire, is just as false as the Poles charging Nazi tanks with lances. On the western front, what countered horses was the trenches and barb wire. There was no exploitable flanks to rush. Eastern front horses stayed relevant all the way through, due to the different nature of the terrain and combat there.
But the functions of the cavalry replaced horses with planes,for recon, and later armored vehicles for the attack.
Agreed 100%. New weapons are developed to counter armour, new armour is developed to counter new weapons. Plate and warhammers spring to mind as classic examples of this. Personally I expect some form of EMP warhead to be developed to counter drones, supercapitors and a pinch. Either you fry the avionics completely or force it to RTB, it's a win whatever happens.
@@madisntit6547 I dont know the context of that maneuver, but that would have likely failed in 1865 too. Charging headlong on horseback into prepared defenses is generally a bad idea, unless their is no other option.
Also remember that before Wickard v. Filburn in 1942, the NFA was only enforceable on machine guns that _actually crossed state lines_. Building machine guns in your shed out back didn't legally fall under NFA purview until after SCOTUS decided that literally every tangible object in existence affects interstate commerce.
Wickard v Filburn and its consequences have been a disaster for the rights of Americans.
@@IVIaskerade 😂
@@thebreach4650 what’s so funny? It’s true.
@@goforbroke4428 The comment by IVIaskerade, while sincere I'm sure, is a slight variation on a popular meme about the industrial revolution
@@somuchnope2 It's from the Unabomber Manifesto
I think there's a lot of people, who never carried a new or good condition M60, who do not appreciate everything the M60 offered as a squad base of fire. I carried an M60 for several years early in my career and would gladly carry a new manufactured M60 variant over any of the M240 variants I've dealt with over the years. That might be different if I was putting the gun in the turret of a Humvee, but carried dismounted, the M60 was the superior system. The units and gunners just needed to stay focused on their BMW-CLS.
Ian is on point with his response to the M60/M240 question.
That's exactly what we see with special forces and even some standard units like the Danish. The modern m60 also looks cool as hell.
My 60 worked just fine except in very cold weather. Loved it although I think after walking about more than 5 miles the weight became 50 pounds instead of 23.
@@tomjoseph1444 240 worked fine in the cold too, but 5 pounds less is very compelling for the M60.
The M60 should have been fixed early on, put the gas system and bipod from the PK, FCG pin system from the MG42 instead of the flat spring also the sear mech of the MG42 and fix the caming and locking lug timing, there are some other minor points but that those are the most glaring. I really think the M60 is on of the best Machine Guns its just like the US gov gave up on it. But the US had a history of flubbing it on machine guns. The Brownings are closed bolts, the 249 was supposed to be in a different round and is too heavy, adopting the Portative when the Madsen existed, keeping the M2 with the need to adjust timing and headspace for so long and on and on. I do think part of the problem stems from the NFA and the lack of civilian machine gun ownership and manufacturing
The real question is; where can I find this badass oversized teaching model:
th-cam.com/video/VXzkHxwaoV4/w-d-xo.html
Note: The True Velocity cases don't take more heat out of the barrel, but they transfer SIGNIFICANTLY less heat TO the chamber and barrel than the brass cases take out of it, thereby keeping it cooler to begin with
You're right, but you have to also deal with heat from the barrel itself at high round counts
@@ivankrylov6270 thicker barrel wall.
@@Tankliker And linings.
@@MandoWookie lining? I meant the barrel wall thingy more as a joke tbh.
Could you explain?
Most of the extra heat that doesn't get absorbed by the case and chamber just goes straight out the muzzle. Very little of the extra heat is absorbed by the barrel.
Ian acting like he's not the reason I went out and bought a MAS 49/56 and have my eyes on more French firearms...
YOur name sounds like the title of a Comedy action movie or something *DUDE IN A SUIT III* : Destruction on Miami Beach
@@nekomasteryoutube3232 p
p
@@joshwilliams9843 p
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Never thought I'd hear the phrase "Kudos to the firearms advisors on Beverly Hills Cop 2" yet here we are
"I've never had a supernatural experiance with a gun." Okay, but you've held a G11, so...
That's a spiritual experience, not a supernatural one >.
@@inund8 That's kind of a semantic difference, a lot of spiritual experiences are by their very nature, supernatural. Gun Jesus needn’t consider such things supernatural because it's normal for him at this point
that's like shaking hands with Darth Vader :|
It's proof that Ze Germans had first contact with Aliens.
Area 51 is really just a big G11 stockpile. And why we can't let the hippies in there.
Yes I have.
Polymer ammo actually is a heat insulator and leaves the action mostly cold... All the heat and energy goes to the barrel, which actually allows for smaller powder loads to generate more energy where it's supposed to go.
I saw a video of a guy shooting a belt fed machinegun with polymer cartridges and touching the action with bare hands just after the last round and it was cold to the touch.
@@toby2581 look at the 8:09 mark th-cam.com/video/BoBOuv6qJNU/w-d-xo.html
The Textron CTW polymer LMG has a rotating chamber, separate from the barrel other than lining up at instant of firing, and apparently runs the chamber at just over room temperature. Other guns, heat leaks back into the chamber from the barrel.
If the heat goes to the barrel, that might not be too good but i suppose light loadings might solve that
@@tatedelarosa3307 The barrel always got hot. It's not like some little piece of brass that was hot to begin with pulled anything out of there...
31:20 - So someday, T-1000s will go to gun shows looking for plasma rifles that their dads used to win "The Human War."
It's absolutely ridiculous you can't even say what a firearm sold for in an auction. I really enjoyed seeing what they went for.
Global holodomor - 19
Yep. Ian is too nice in his description of that situation. It's not gun paranoia, it's malicious. TH-cam isn't afraid of liability or anything like that, they are working an agenda.
@@sultanofsick Agreed. YT is only about jumping on the Woke bandwagon, censorship and ultimate control. That is in violation of our Constitutional Rights.
Just waiting for the day that the Zip 22 becomes a legendarily sought after collectors items.
Are Cold War rifles expensive because they’re becoming popular or because they’re so rare? Millions of K98s and Mosins were available to the civilian market while a small fraction of FALs or AUGs were introduced.
Both. However, I can buy new production AK, AR, FAL, G3 and AUG in the USA sooo it’s irrelevant
@@ONEROUNDLEFT It's pretty relevant to a collector who wants *the actual rifles* that were used in the conflict/country/time period that they are interested in.
@@jic1 if you’re talking about full auto weapons then yeah.
@@tacticalmattfoley to be fair, 5 digit numbers for a gun period is fucking insane. Then again I'm not a collector, I never understood the mindset of having things for the sake of having things.
At least in the US, the costs of a select fire rifle are obscene.
How come some global hair product line like L’Oreal doesn’t sponsor Ian’s channel yet?!
He’s worth it
Jesus Christ, his hair is better and more glossy than my wife who is an ex-fashion model. He should definitely recommend hair conditioner products as a more lucrative sideline.
@@aevans-jl9ym His hair is probably better because he does not use hair products.
@@aevans-jl9ym that’s exactly what I’m talking about. The man’s got perfect hair and that’s because he’s Gun Jesus, I suppose.
Based
36:38 In attempts to get the stable smokeless powder formula the major nations went further than chemical analysis. I have read once that Dmitry Mendeleev, creator of the periodic table himself, was sent to France, where he literally sat at a train terminal and counted the railway carts and tanks that carried the chemicals to the nearby gunpowder plant. Thus, he worked out the basic proportion of the components and reverse engineered the production method for the Russians.
@William Mulvaney in case of nitrocellulose there was also a problem of side-product impurities that destabilized the mix after it got dry. If I am not mistaken, they solved this issue by first washing the compound in ethanol. Again, no idea where I read that =)
@@kmostachov Guncotton has to be washed in water multiple times to desensitize it so it doesn't spontaneously combust
Which is why my wife's home town of omsk has streets named after him
Even if the NGSW were adopted widely (I also dont believe this will happen) then the 5.56 / M4 would be retained for the same reason the M1 Carbine was used alongside the M1 Garand.
Sorry, but does he specifically talk about the adoption of NGSW anywhere, outside of the polymer cases? Haven seen anything about that in the questions.
@@termitreter6545 1:08:16 That timestamp is missing for some reason.
@@Jacob-pu4zj Thanks a lot mate!
@@termitreter6545 You are welcome.
@@Jacob-pu4zj thanks a ton for the timestamp!
48:00 I have another example: Harry Ferguson, who invented the 3point hitch for farm tractors, was a tricky guy to work with, and he tried making tractors with Henry Ford. They fell out with each other, but the tractor is an icon: the Ford 8N.
Dad: "Son, you need to talk to Jesus."
Son: "Dad, he spoke to me on TH-cam and told me your gun sucks."
Wife: "Honey, you need to speak to Jesus!"
Husband: "Well, He spoke to me on TH-cam and I was compelled to buy three Carcanos!"
Rando on the internet: You need to talk to Jesus
Me: Why do you think I own 50 rare firearms?
An exception to most museums having "enough" guns is if you have a weapon that you can place at a specific battle. I you have a rifle that has the provenance that it was used at say Gettysburg or Shiloh then museums in those areas may be interested.
Oh man that question in French was great, honestly perfectly comprehensible. Congrats Ian :D (and cheers to Louis for making you show off your skills)
"He bought 3 Carcanos and blamed it on me to his wife" .... Hey, that's a pretty good idea. Thanks random French guy!
I just did that, bought an 1891 cavalry
“The GunJesus Made Me Do It!” replacing “The Devil Made Me Do It!” in 2021. Bwahahahahahaha!!!! 😂🤣😂🤣😂🤣 If only I thought 🤔💭 🧐😳🤫 this would actually work with my spouse! It may buy me an extra second or two to run away faster though....just sayin’.......😎
As far as Carcano’s though, a former brother-in-law found a 6.5 behind a large commercial refrigerator in a long time local pizza restaurant during a remodel in 1974-1976 range. He offered to trade it against his labor and the owner accepted. He got his hands on some mil-surp 140gr ball and Norma soft point for it and took a couple of deer with it. Eventually selling it, I have no idea where it is today, but it was in great shape. That being said, pretty much every other one I’ve ever seen has been in awful shape as far as the bore conditions and action care. I’d like to see some 7.3mm or 7.7mm (I forget which one it takes) ammunition, as I’ve never seen any and I know someone that has one and he would like to shoot it sometime.
It was early 2022 when a TH-cam presenter was run down by a mob of angry women. Their motivation in this attack is still unknown.
@@ronaldlollis8895 it is out there (7.35 mm Carcano). Steinel has it, and there are others, like Buffalo Arms and Graff and Sons, although most is out of stock (which is the case with a LOT of calibers right now).
My mind was so blank from the title, I thought the Q&A 52 was a gun…
If it was, it would have been adopted by the Elbonians
elbonia adopted it in 52'
very good smg
You know what?
I doubt that any country would have an easy answer to it in their arsenals. 🤔
That's an easy mistake to make that early in the day.
@@R._B._Victor_Hugo_Ashford It served the Elbonians well until it was replaced by the Q & A 83, a MAC-10 chambered in 10mm Auto.
The first side to field a "STEN"-type SMG in WWI would have found the sweet spot.
Mass adoption of a simple blowback carbine like the Win. 1907 might have done just as good.
THAT is essentially a WW1 assault rifle
@@carlosvillar-gosalvez6392 YES!
We've effectively been using polymer cases to reduce ammunition weight and make manufacture simpler for 61 years. I mean they weren't combat rounds but .73 brass and paper were both kinda heavy.
@@vaderdudenator1 He's referring to a 12 gauge shotgun shell
cannons/artillery?
@@modarkthemauler
Well the 120mm in the M1A1 uses semi combustible cases ammunition
@@taccovert4
Although I really don't think it makes that much difference. One thing I've wondered about is in the early days of cartridge adoption there were issues with cases tearing and manufacturing. Did anyone do an intermediate step of producing rifle ammunition with a metal base to provide chamber sealing and a paper based upper section to hold the powder and projectile?
Were paper shells particularity heavy? I thought the reason plastic replaced paper was moisture problems.
0:22:00 There are several Indian reservations who have the control necessary for a volley group to get together. The larger problem is whether you'll ever know if you've hit something.
I wasn't aware that there were East Indian reservations...
The British Mk. I .303 Maxim gun, adopted in 1893, was designed for the round-nosed Mk. II .303 in cartridge. We didn't adopt a spitzer bullet until 1910.
After experience in South Africa with "Fitzy van Spitz, 'oo isn't on the staff."
I'm a little late to the party, but I always appreciate the extra bits of effort that Ian puts into his videos, such as marking the time for each question. Most of all, the closed captions in videos are extremely helpful for me. That isn't to say that the Q&A's should have them all typed, that would be absurd and the generated is fine, but for the other videos its greatly appreciated.
RE: Sam Colt. In Raising Arizona the police ask Nathan Arizona if he has any disgruntled employees. He responds, "Hell, they're all disgruntled! I ain't running no daisy farm!"
The M60 post-E3 is now considered a good GPMG. Especially when you get into the E4 and E6 another advantage the M60 offers over the 240/MAG is it's lower ROF leading to better accuracy and less chance of Collateral Damage. Those 2 advantages are part of the reason Denmark chose to just have U.S. Ordnance update their M60s to M60E6s.
I don't listen to long format media like podcasts or audiobooks because I tend to get bored or distracted or just not retain any of the information, but it just occurred to me that I have no problem listening to Ian answer other people's questions for almost an hour and a half and still be able to stay engaged with the content. Bravo Ian and congratulations on your success
@William Mulvaney got 7 minutes into a video and couldn't do it anymore, he's not a very interesting personality and after ten years in the Navy I'm just not interested in anything to do with ships, boats or landing craft.
The allies had purchased and deployed semi-auto Remington Model 8s for aircraft use and rumored to have used them in trench raids.... an 'assault rifle' in .35 Remington in WWI is somewhat plausible.
In Julian Hatchers Book of the Garand, he describes how in the interwar period the Army experimented with some Model 8s in .25 Remington(modified with reciever aperture sights) to see the benefits of a semi-auto vs bolt-action, and lower recoil cartridges for marksmanship and training. In short, they saw a huge difference. But the Model 8 was evaluated as too complicated and fragile for service, and the .25 Remington was too ballistically compromised to use as a standard cartridge. It would lead to the development of the .276 Pedesen and eventually the Garand though.
@@MandoWookie interesting that we saw the 25 Remington as too weak but the 7.62*39 has seen extensive use while being ballistically similar in normal combat ranges.
@@randomidiot8142 Different contexts.
In the 1920s, the US Army knew that most individual riflemen were only effective out to 300yds at most, with most combat happening at ranges of 50 to 150yds, and that a semiauto with aperture sights in a light .22 to .25 caliber round was the most effective weapon for individual marksmanship in that context. But, logistically they were never going to accept two separate rifle calibers, or a compromised MG caliber. They would still have to have retained 30'06 rifles in the squad even in a 2 tiered system, for grenade launching and anti-armor reasons( one of the biggest reasons the Army was insisting on nothing less than .30 cal, was for effective AP ammo against (early) tanks and armored cars, otherwise the average infantryman wouldn't have effectively any anti-armor capability), and an MG chambered in such a light cartridge was way too much of a cut in range and lethality for the envisioned use of MGs at the time. The compromise they were tentatively going toward was the .276 Pedesen, which at least matched the range and trajectory of the '06, but was definitely biased toward the rifle side of the equation, and as soon as it was demonstrated that you could do a semi-auto in '06, without to much compromise, they did it.
The 7.62x39, was developed in a different context, with the understanding of it being part of 2 tiered system from the start. Individual weapons at the squad level ( rifle, submachine gun, and lmg) would all be in this intermediate round, and any greater range capability would be provided by the heavy MGs mounted on tripods or vehicles. The main focus on was on ease of training, ammo and weapon weight, and controllability in full auto. Also compactness for a mechanized infantry. They wanted an SMG with better range and accuracy comparable to a rifle at reasonable distances. Which is why they dropped the SKS later as the AK did the same task just as well.
another thing to consider with the volley fire is if the ammo replicates what the sights were set for. at 1600+ yards having ammo that is + or - 50 fps would be a huge difference.
Mass-produced ammo at the time was +-50fps. If that. Especially with different time spent in storage.
Volley fire (above visible range) from rifles is complete and utter BS, just like bayonet assaults on machine guns.
@@PaulVerhoeven2 It worked at to an extent at Omdurman, but then at Omdurman the Mahdists that still had a substantial part of their force using spears rather than rifles and attacked in large groups over open ground...
I believe the only agency/military unit which stuck with 10mm Auto was the Sirius Dog Sled Patrol, which has Glock 20s and M1917 Enfield’s for polar bears and musk ox.
*white void*
SIG 6.8: What the f...
XM series: Come on SIG!
SCAR: Yeah, come join us!
American FAL: You'll like it here.
Nice 👍
American Fal? DSA OSW?
So, what would your Elbonian loadouts be for Finnish Brutality and Desert Brutality?
0:14:15 Ian answers this question as what an assault weapon would be used for in WWI, i. e. close range trench assaults. The rifle part of "best assault rifle of WWI" question has already been covered by Forgotten Weapons and InRangeTV when discussing the Federov Avtomat ( and the B. A. R. among others ). The Federov Avtomat comes closest to what we think of as an "assault rifle" because it was originally designed and produced using the 6.5 × 50 mm Arisaka cartridge ( intermediate sized, when compared to the European and American cartridges of the time ). Though the Avtomat does not match the rugged and reliable simplicity of modern designs, it was the very beginning of the ideas we see implemented now.
For WWI the MP 18 would be the best match to the needs of trench fighting, so it would work best in a role similar to an "assault rifle". But, Ian didn't have to throw so much shade on the Thompson SMG ( which had been designed too late to reach service in WWI anyway. Gen. Thompson actually coined the term "Sub Machine Gun" for these firearms ). Good questions and great answers, thank you Ian!
Referring to the first question, a practical 9 mm pistol also would be significantly more expensive than a decent 9 mm SMG
IMO your answer regarding museum donations is absolutely spot on.
“It will become the grunt with the laser gun. . . “ So Starship Troopers was a documentary and their are squad-level co-ed showers in our future?
It just happened to run across this, do not forget that the polymer case does not transfer nearly as much heat to the chamber area of the rifle as a brass case does either. It forces all of that heat energy down the barrel. It's probably overall will make the firearm run cooler up until heat soak finally affects the chamber area as well.
Scooby Doo and the mystery of the self-loading rifle, It was old man browning all along!
The idea of a 10mm Mark23 is forgetting the original purpose of the Mark23. Mark23 is meant to shoot a subsonic bullet super quietly while suppressed, which was a big reason why .45ACP was the chosen ammunition for it, as most 230 grain loads are already subsonic. Even .40 S&W is often supersonic, so you might as well just be asking for subsonic .40S&W to shoot out of a Mark23 instead of 10mm.
Ian: Samuel Colt was a jerk.
Samuel Colt: Oh no, anyway.
To be fair the guy was a proper tool,I'd like to say but he was a seriously talented gun designer but he wasnt really but he was a top level industrialist,capitalist and entrepreneur but still a conniving underhanded and at times pretty unscrupulous dick
@@edwalmsley1401 So gun Steve Jobs, then?
@@jic1 pretty much yeah 🤣🤣
Ian: Samuel Colt was a jerk.
Samuel Colt: *dead noises*
Brilliant gun designer and salesman... But yeah all records of him, show he was a jerk. Similar to Edison in many ways.
The Advanced Primer Ignition was the reason for the success of another impressive aerial gun from WWII; the MK 108. It allowed for an extremely compact and lightweight design with less recoil than comparable 30mm cannons. One of the most innovative aerial weapons of the war.
Those benefits were possible in the MK 108 due to the relatively low muzzle velocity of about 550m/s. It was a good compromise for weight vs. effectiveness against heavy bombers but not that easy to aim with.
Nice! My first answer! I still love my 10mm though and still gathering parts for a 10mm AR PCC. At the height of the pandemic, I could get 10 cheaper than 9 which is how I came to really know and love the caliber.
@@WaterZer0 Metal Gear Solid 🤷
French firearms have definitely all increased in price over the past ~3 years at least partially due to your content. And I suspect your multiple mentions of the K31 as a good collectible have also nudged their prices higher.
K31s are just fantastic rifles, I've taken multiple new shooters out and they ring steel with ease out to 300m.
@@kylebradley3 The Swiss shooting federation have recently changed the rules for the K31 in Swiss rifle competition (300m). They will now be allowed the be shot with bipod (being designed/built by a local company) rather than sling and jacket. Older people are currently allowed to use a rest and the age where this is allowed will now be reduced. This will probably result in quite a few more people using them in competition and drive the price up. They will compete in the same division as the slightly "pimped" StGw-57/03 which are much more expensive (the 57 is pretty cheap, but the add-ons are stupidly expensive).
Another very critical point about the US adoption of the M60 versus the FN MAG is that the M60 was an "in-house" design developed by the same people who were doing most of the reports on small arms development for the US military. "Not Invented Here" has been a recurring problem with arms adopted by the US military. The home team advantage is real.
Actually the FN MAG, or other designs that were better than the M60, had never been considered. All that was considered in the adoption of the M60 was "it's better than the M1919?".
In the design there were so many obvious mistakes (self unscrewing gas taps, parts that can be reassembled backwards, receiver damaged by just pulling the charging handle without a belt present) to make it doubt it had really been properly tested.
@@neutronalchemist3241 Yes, and the *reason* no other guns were seriously considered was 100% due to, "But we have GPMG at home."
It wasn't until the 1970s, and the failures of the tank MG programs, that there was any real attempt to look at guns that *weren't* developed by DOD. Which resulted in selecting the FN MAG for tank use.
The introduction of the M240 to ground service was via a back door, as Vietnam era M60s were worn out (hey, that lightness comes with service life implications), and the fastest, cheapest way for the Marines to get a bunch of new GPMGs for infantry use was by grabbing a bunch of "free" M240s from mothballed Abrams and adding the ground gun conversion kits.
At which point, people in the Army started to take notice that the M240 is a really good GPMG, even if it is on the "husky" end of the clothing rack.
The FN MAG/M240 is the grandson of the BAR.
@@oldbenkenobi9212 Very true - FN basically flipped a BAR upside down, gave it a belt feed, and incorporated a quick change barrel. And utterly irrelevant, as the US Ordnance bubbas didn't develop it, and FN in Belgium *did*. Therefore it was a foreign weapon.
Hell, they didn't even want any *US* guns that weren't developed by them.
Well the NGSW prediction was a bust. It’s a top down replacement for front line or fighting troops and the cooks and truck drivers will be keeping the existing m4 rifles. On the side it looks as if the rifle will fire the full brass normal pressure cartridge that’s cheaper for trailing and so on and when deployed to conflict zones the full high pressure high power high speed cartridges will be issued knowing that it’s unlikely that the rifles will survive long enough in combat for the barrels to burn out.
So the one with the brass/steel case at about 90000 psi won.
Ian with hair down looks a lot like a french Pär Sundström
Both have glorious facial hair
I don’t know about individual weapons, but I had an M60A1 that was haunted. Damned thing would jump into gear and take off on it’s own. It did it one evening at Ft. Riley while idling and we were out “cleaning mud out of the tracks” in preparation for the nightly freeze. It started to vibrate, then “thunk!”… it started trundling off across the Kansas plains, with us in foot pursuit. Climbed up the rear grill doors before it gained speed, and brought it’s escape to a halt. Mechanics couldn’t find anything wrong with it externally… must have been something internal in the transmission. We never left it running without someone in the driver’s compartment ever again. As far as I know, it only happened once more. C-21(Charlie 2-1, aka Christine).
"There is absolutely no reason that it's not going to be assessed the exact same way"
I describe almost all gun laws (and by extension the ATF) as being arbitrary, illogical, and ineffective at curbing actual crime.
It's what happens when gun laws are written by people who are ignorant, sometimes militantly so, about how guns work.
Sure there is -- it is the ATF that is doing the assessing.
Ian, i see that you are one of the most effective influencers in the gun community at the time, and as you have stated that there is a growing audience, then these newbies conform to the influencers mainly, like you or brandon atm. And i'd say, you have given french arms a boost in reputation. So i'd say that there is a long term effect on the price of some guns for you have presented them, but this value increases are not as substantial for one to be able to pinpoint the "blame" on whole to you.
Ya know oddly enough id prefer the ATF in the treasury department. Or as a department store
What a wonderful day to have Ian sharing us some of his valuable knowledge
I definitely agree with your comments on 10mm. Never caught on to the gimmick and glad I just stuck to getting a Glock 19. Even got a MCK for it, so I can still shoot it in a comfy PCC platform.
10mm isnt a gimmick, its a bear gun. different role than edc
@@chasejohnson1122 agreed, they sell pretty well in the west for that. Takes a pretty big round to put down a bear.
@@chasejohnson1122 It might be used in that capacity, but it’s not what it was intended for. The FBI field tested it with intentions of replacing .40cal for agents. But obviously found it too powerful with over penetration. So IMO still a gimmick in terms of “needing” the round. Especially when there are plenty of others that’ll do the same job for cheaper. As far as a bear gun, I’m sure it’s very effective. Though I’d still prefer some 12 gauge slugs
@@DankBurrito420 Replacing 9x19mm you mean. The hot 9x19mm loads and super-reliable hollowpoints we have today weren't really available back then.
The NGSW's 6.8x51mm Plastic Ammo will be much Stable and Valid on weapons due to it Decreases heat and Muzzle Flash. It will be useful on M240, SCAR, M134 and some.
And it won't get adopted so it doesn't matter
Yeah, I know I know...
the true velocity polymer case ammo is just a barrel swap for 308 weapons and it has an extremely high chance of seeing adoption
There actually was an intermediate rifle cartridge available in WWI. The 30-30 is in the same power class as the 7.62x39mm.
.25 Remington and .30 Remington were even better, since they were rimless. What lacked was a thechnology to make an AR reliable in thrench warfare. The same reason semiautos failed in WWI.
To the 10 mm point, it's a good cartridge for medium-large predator defense and the new FK BRNO PSD runs 10 mm rather well and fits the offensive pistol model. Karl's review matches up with my experience with the gun in 10 mm and I plan to carry it this archery season in place of my .45+P pistol.
I wonder if we'll start seeing 7.5FK conversion barrels for Glock, 1911, and XDM
@@FORDboy357 I doubt it. The round is probably too long to fit. The magazines are huge.
my choice for large predators is a glock model 40, but i think the fk would do pretty good. heavy tho
@@chasejohnson1122 Just weighed mine. Unloaded it's clocking in at 2.4 lbs. G40 is about 3 oz lighter so not enough difference to make a difference I think.
1 hour video in the morning? Great, something to listen to while working out
A 240 on a well set in tripod is a force.
I'm excited to hear about the desert brutality match going 3 gun with the precision rifle requirement. That's a cool idea for a brutality match. I can't wait to see the stage designs for that. Bring it on! Have a good day Ian
About the cz? 52 . I,m not sure the model number . But it has a double hole primer . And roller block action . Officer issued pistol . It holds 7 rounds in mag , and it,s about 1 inch wide . And it was the first time I heard about over pennetration with a pistol
50:00 accurate shots from a bottom fed mag was prioritized over shooting lots of bullets efficiently but with offset sights. We dont have the numbers to just give everyone a bullet spray. Moving towards mostly just special force units.
I think plastic ammo prevents the transfer of the heat from the combustion of the powder to the barrel.
Demonstrated by the fact that the chamber is cold after firing.
Low pressure ammo is also a factor. They ever say what operating pressure is?
People have been using blue dot powder in 5.56 for shooting squirrels for quite a while. You get 90% of the velocity with half the powder charge. And the barrel stays cooler much longer. Nothing special. It's still brass cases and standard bullets. Can't run it in autos that need the usual gassy powders because it won't cycle, but it can be done.
@@randomidiot8142 th-cam.com/video/BoBOuv6qJNU/w-d-xo.html 8:10
@@fiasco7P he stuck his hand on the feed tray. What they're claiming and what I've talked to an OEM about does not line up. They're leaving something out.
Less powder, same performance? They're toying with powders or skewing numbers somewhere to make it sound cool. It's basic physics, not unicorn farts and witch brews.
Almost had the volley fire thing set up. Plan was on a ranch,using a silage tarp for target. But wind picked up an blizzard blew in. Never revisited it.
“Way back in the InRange days” :’( come back, Ian! DERPGRU misses you!
Wait, is he no longer working with Karl on InRangeTV? I know he wasn't in couple of new videos, but I thought it was just a coincidence and the “Way back in the InRange days” meant just an old INRange project they did long time ago...
@@toncek9981 as far as I know, they still do stuff together, but their schedules don't line up very often.
British doctrine went for a machine gun based squad alongside the Germans. The infantry sections in a platoon were based around the Bren. Each man had two large ammo pouches on his webbing filled with Bren magazines. His own ammo was carried in a canvas bandolier
Wich is always funny to me because a common British remark about the inferiority of the Mg34 was that the entire German squad had to carry ammo for their machine gun.... While they do the same.
Gun Jesus in his silk bathrobe talking about guns in a way only ~50 firearm experts combined might be able to after years of studying in a library is just another level of badass
@@MrSlugny is it?
It’s a smoking jacket
I liked your take on the need for a soldiers with a small arm to hold ground/ occupy ground.
Who else is here after the NGSW got adopted?
Yeah man, Ian failed hard. He's supposed to be an expert 🤔
Lol, honestly nobody really seemed to think it would be adopted, not just Ian. I never watched this beforehand, and I too thought there was no way the Army would go through with it.
Adoption is one thing. It's easy. I'm still skeptical we'll see full implementation.
@@woman-at-arms isn't it going to be fully adopted though?
@@KirkHermary To be fair, it's pretty unpredictable ahead of time.
Nobody expected the M16 to be adopted, people expected the XM8 to be adopted. Hell even the M1 Garand wasn't a sure thing, except to the military officers who'd already decided on it. On the surface, it seems a bit too weird for the military, but it makes sense as a continuation and up-gunning of the AR platform.
We did this with the M60 tank, upgrading it into a behemoth that can still tango on a modern battlefield.
Ian said he would have to travel somewhere like Idaho to find a firing range of a sufficient size where he or anyone else could attempt volley fire. I think I know exactly which firing range he is talking about. It's the Idaho National Guard firing range near the Boise airport. I've been shooting there. I'm accustomed to military property being off limits to anything but authorized personnel, but I was amazed to find that civilians are allowed on the grounds. At least when the ING isn't using it for mortar practice, etc. There were signs warning against picking up unexploded ordnance. We saw a range safety officer stop and talk to a guy. When the guy came our way, we asked him what the RSO said to him. and he said the RSO told him not to shoot at any of the helicopters passing overhead. Otherwise it's pretty much do as you please so long as it is within reason. We set off a couple of canisters of Tannerite. Real laid back place Idaho.
Yep!
I actually shoot just east of there. Nice shallow valley that's about 400*1200yards.
I've shot a glock model 22 is .40s&w quite a few times. Found it to be about the same as shooting a .45acp 1911, and much prefer it to a Beretta 92fs in 9mm.
But the cost is a VERY real thing. .40 S&W is crazy expensive for what you get. I'd much rather chew through a couple of boxes of .45 ACP or 9mm parabellum.
And much like 10mm .40 S&W is becoming less popular because it doesn't really do anything that 9mm or 45 acp does already.
Ian, on the topic of polymer casings versus traditional brass casings.
There appears to be a significant gap in the understanding of the differences between the polymeric materials and metallic materials and their participation in the heat transfer process. I personally believe that polymeric cartridges will yield cooler running actions and barrels for the reasons I will illustrate below. Apologies in the forehand, as this is a quite long comment.
There are two really important properties in heat transfer in this application. Specific heat, and thermal conductivity. Specific heat is the material property that determines how much thermal energy (J), per unit mass of material (M), is required to raise the temperature of a material by one degree of temperature unit (T). Thermal conductivity determines how much thermal energy (J), per unit time (s), is conducted through a length of material (L), per unit temperature (T). These are analogous to capacitance and resistance in electrical terminology.
I will assume that the polymeric cartridges are using a nylon 6,6 casing, although there are other plausible materials that the casing can be constructed from. These include various urethanes, fluorine containing polymers such as Teflon, or even POM based materials like Delrin. Regardless, the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivities of these engineering grade polymers are on the same order of magnitude.
Properties of interest are displayed below. Values are given in SI values, with sources at the end of the comment
Metallic, brass, cartridges will have the following properties:
Specific heat capacity: 0.375 J/g-°C (SI)
Thermal conductivity: 120 W/m-K
Polymeric cartridges will have the following properties:
Specific heat capacity: 1.45 - 2.10 J/g-°C
Thermal conductivity: 0.260 W/m-K
While, yes as you correctly pointed out in the video, the polymeric materials will act as a much better insulator than the brass cartridges. However, this is not only due to the very poor thermal conductivity of polymers. In also determining an insulator, the heat capacity must be factored in. A very good insulator will maximize the specific heat of the material, and minimize the thermal conductivity of the material. This simultaneously limits the amount of heat energy conducted away from the source, and also sinks a large amount of this energy into just raising the temperature of the insulator, which in this case is the polymeric casing.
Heat generation in firing comes from several sources. First and most obviously is the initial combustion of the powder. Next is the not insignificant amount of heat generated as the bullet interacts with the rifling. Third is the continued heat generation as powder burns and the bullet travels down the barrel.
The cartridge, regardless of brass or polymer, I think would extract heat primarily from the initial combustion of powder. Heat generation from bullets engaging with rifling will be transferred directly to the barrel, and heat generation during powder combustion after the bullet has started moving will be spread throughout the sealed area behind the bullet. What a brass case does is conduct a large amount of heat into the receiver of the firearm, where the much higher mass of the receiver deals with this energy. Only a small amount of energy is pulled from the gun with each brass cartridge, with the majority of it being dumped into the receiver. A polymeric case would conduct some small amount of heat from firing into the receiver, but I would imagine that a much larger portion of that heat energy is retained within the polymer. This heat energy never makes its way into the receiver, and the receiver is able to act as a heat sink for the heat generated in continued combustion and heat generated by rifling engagement.
We already see similar things in the shotgun world, with their largely polymer cases. Sure the ammo isn’t producing as much heat as the rifle, but as I and everyone that’s put a ton of .22LR downrange in a short period will tell you, the guns can get warm. Shotgun receivers, by and large, have less material in them than an AR-15 receiver. Yet, the shotgun receiver stays colder longer in comparison to an AR-15 receiver. A large amount of heat is being extracted from the gun by the casing, far more than you would expect than in comparison to a brass cartridge.
If you’ve run steel and brass ammo in the same gun, you may or may not have noticed that the steel ammo keeps the gun slightly cooler longer. Once again, it is due to the materials properties of the casing. I’m assuming steel cases are made from a low alloy, low carbon steel, such as 1018 for its formability, in giving the material properties.
1018 Steel Thermal Properties:
Specific heat capacity: 0.486 J/g-°C (SI)
Thermal conductivity: 51.9 W/m-K
TL:DR; Polymeric casings extract more heat from the receiver due to their higher specific heat than metallic casings. Less heat transferred from firing to the receiver means that the secondary sources of heat can utilize the receiver as a heat sink, reducing the temperature of the barrel which typically acts as a heat sink and radiator.
Thanks for reading if you got this far! I really enjoy the content you put together!
Sources for data used:
Cartridge brass thermal properties: Cartridge Brass, UNS C26000 (260 Brass), OS070 Temper flat products (matweb.com)
Polymeric thermal properties: Overview of materials for Nylon 66/6 (matweb.com)
1018 steel thermal properties: www.matweb.com/search/datasheet_print.aspx?matguid=3a9cc570fbb24d119f08db22a53e2421
As a die hard Ford fan, all my answers to your Henry Ford questions are “no.”
I would rather be an employee than a business partner for Ford. Just look at the dodge case.
@@DIEGhostfish I don’t know, having a guy from the Ford company inspecting your house for cleanliness seems like a downer. And God help you if you decide to strike…….
As bad as Ford has been lately, Atleast their not GM. GM is 100% garbage. And Chrysler (dodge’s owner) got bought by that Dutch company, Stellantis. Fiat, Chrysler and Peugeot: the three stooges of the automotive industry.
Your videos have helped me through a lot of recent hardship, thank you for all your work, Ian.
Chris from Task & Purpose got to fire True Velocity's polymer ammo out of the bullpup NGSW and some other guns and noted that the action was noticably cooler due to the cartridge case not leeching its heat into the action.
The hot case isn't in the gun long enough to leech heat. Hot cases actually shed heat from the action, as Ian stated. I call bullshit.
@@chris101ward if cases have time to transfer heat into them, they have time to transfer heat through them. That's how thermal transfer works.
And polymer cases resulting in cooler chamber temperatures isn't theoretical. It was observed in LSAT, with PCP (as crap as they were otherwise), with True Velocity and with the US army failed testing i can't remember the name of. The problems were always keeping the case strong and intact.
@@dcrose001 a small amount of heat relative to the total being put into the gun, and remember that heat is coming from hot gas, under pressure. If you can insulate part of the container that would otherwise be in contact with that gas, for the short amount of time the gas is in the container, and then vent all of that gas out while its still very very hot, ofc you'll have less heat transfered into the container. Thats exactly what polymer case does.
And again, this is empirical fact. In actual real life testing, polymer case results in lower temperatures than brass cased.
@@DSlyde with polymer ammo, all of your heat is transferred to the weapon, and not shed from the gun. The cases insulating properties don't magically change the laws of thermodynamics. The heat has to go somewhere.
@@dcrose001 maybe go watch the video and listen to the explainer. The polymer cases insulate the action from any heat from powder detonation. You can also pick up a polymer case straight after firing, something you can't do with brass.
Ian, I’m a little late, but speaking of the Tank und Fliegee MG you mentioned, there is one that remains in a museum called the Wehrtechnische Studiensammlung in Koblenz, Germany. If you’re ever in that part of the world, I recommend going there, as it’s pretty much where the German Army dumped everything they ever tested going back to the 19th century. I believe they have Vollmers, and I know they have an exhibit with some very strange German LMG prototypes from the 1930s.
Ah, the answer to my unasked question - "which parts of the NGSW will end up incorporated into the AR15 platform as the M4 replacement"
the m4 platform is not suited for the 6.8x51 ngsw ammo. it needs a longer barrel and "heavier" components, because the ammo supposedly more powerful than 7.62 nato.
yes, sig' bid uses a carbine length barrel, but they had to make their ammo hotter to compensate for the shorter barrel in order to get the bullet going as fast as spec'd by the army. this has lead to a ridiculously high recoil on their gun.
basically the 6.8x51 ngsw ammo needs a longer barrel and/or a recoil reducing device. both can be found on General Dynamics' bid.
Probably the energized rail system.
@@apple_with_a_human_butt the NGSW ammo is 130-140gr at 3000fps. That's at least .270 Winchester stats, if not higher power due to the shorter barrels of a military rifle.
a war where the US tried to move away from "boots on the ground win the war" concept was Vietnam. The US tried to win that was by a kill metric, without holding and securing ground - and lost strategically, having won almost all tactical engagements.
Funny how the original purpose of M240 adoption is later abandoned, and in the end Infantry grunts had to lug around those cumbersome guns around instead
The 240 sneaked in by the back door as the coaxial MG on the Abrams and Bradley, aside from a few half-hearted experiments with early M60 tanks the Army never tried to use the M60 MG as a coax gun. So as the M60s wore out they decided to go with a gun that they could use in multiple roles across the force for ease of logistics & training, and which is frankly more durable though heavier. I loved the Pig, she has her quirks and flaws but nothing that good training can't make up for, but I also appreciate the advantages of the 240. If I had to choose though....give me back my M60!
@@tommyblackwell3760 240 is very accurate and very reliable… but very heavy!
I think the M60 beats the MAG/M240 in the rifle squad, with one guy running it. But, in the weapons squad, where you have a four-man team, a tripod, and lots of ammo, the heavier, easier to maintain gun is better. Same thing on vehicle mounts. And once the M249 shows up, it is better than the M60 in the rifle squad, for weight and ammo reasons. Can even borrow mags from the rest of the squad in an emergency...
@@windwalker5765 except M249 are notoriously unreliable when using magazines. Wasn't Mk46 (i'm not sure btw) eliminated this feature? Correct me if i'm wrong
@@muhammadnursyahmi9440 You are entirely correct. But you would only ever use magazines if you are out of belted ammo... meaning your choice is between an unreliable gun and _no gun at all._ Guess which a soldier is likely to pick...
When I was in the Air Guard when the pilots did strafing practice the target was an old drag chute and the scoring was by a ground based radar, number of rounds in the target area over number of rounds fired. I'm sure it is easier to count 20mm and larger with radar than 8mm and smaller.
My gun must be haunted. It would explain any misses or lousy groups. It's the only *logical* explanation that exits for bad shots. 😎
The evil-sounding cackle is more of a feature.
Did not realize that .50 BMG with polymer casings was already in use. Great info. Would love to hear more.
Polymer cases might become so cheap that buying new cases every time is cheaper than using brass 4 or 5 times, maybe even make ammo so cheap that reloading isn’t as convenient anymore (seriously doubt it though). I think that hand loading might still be viable with polymer cases, just in a different way, or it might just keep using brass cases
Infact. Reloading is a thing with brass ammos only because brass cases are expensive. An already fired, dirty and still with the spent primer brass .223 case is around 0.12$, one cleaned and unprimed 0.2$ and one pristine around 0.4$. If a new, unprimed plastic case will be around 0.1$, what will be the point in reloading?
@@neutronalchemist3241 exactly, ti would be cheaper either to buy new cases every time or to buy factory ammo. And if you hand load for accuracy and not for price, you can get new cases or stick to brass
At least the Lage Max11/15A1 finally seems to have gotten approval last month.
The only time I've seen a Colt machine gun was in the film "The Wind and the Desert," when a joint American Navy/Marine landing force is marching through a fictional Middle Eastern city.
Do you perhaps mean "the Wind and the Lion" from 1975? Stars Sean Connery and Candace Bergen with Brian Kieth as Teddy Roosevelt. It's supposedly loosely based upon real events in Morocco in 1904. (The Perdicaris Incident). Another movie depicting Colt Machine Guns is The Rough Riders from 1997. It was made for cable as a miniseries, directed by John Milius. Tom Berenger portrays Teddy Roosevelt and I highly recommend it. (I thoroughly enjoyed it as a lad, so my opinion is biased.) Cheers!
I always thought one of the biggest problems of stocked pistols is the stock is significantly bulkier than the pistol, or even an SMG which is kinda what a carbine or ppc serves
Slide a comment in here while they’re below 100. You know your getting old when your service weapon has become a collectible.
I kind of love the idea of a 10mm Mk.23 myself. The thing I never understood about the Mk.23 is how they made a .45ACP the size of a Desert Eagle with only a 12-shot magazine!
Because there isn't any more room in the grip. Putting the 12th round in a mark 23 magazine is a pain the ass because you're compressing the mag spring to its limit. This is the same issue with the USP 45.
@@Full_Otto_Bismarck
Right, I completely understand that. I'm just thinking of it in comparison to other .45s with more than 12 round capacity that aren't as massive as the Mk.23. Like, many double stack 1911/2011 types and several models from FNH. Even full size Glock .45s, though admittedly they only beat a Mk.23 by one round with standard magazines.
What do you mean you haven't had any interaction with haunted firearms?
I've seen plenty of ghost guns on this channel. 🤪
Weird right? You'd think there would be ALOT more haunted weapons. Granted there's some theories about haunted sites being the result of subharmonic vibrations that we do not consciously perceive, which trigger very lucid visual/audio hallucinations.
Something innocuous as a loose water pipe or the way sound bounces around an old stairwell. Unfortunately the human mind is barely understood enough for such theories to really be examined well.
The Swedish 155mm howitzer m77A used plastic shell casings this in the end of the 70s until 90s when 77B took over, without shell casings at all, it used powder bundles in fabric or paper (?).
Is a grunt in Power Armor still a grunt or does he ascend into greatness.
Likely takes training & experience to get the most out of Power Armor, if you don’t pay attention to Fallouts 3 & 4 🤣
@@aqui1ifer 3 introduced training. 1&2 had idiot proof power armor a 1 int tribal could use.
My kid is in the army and is currently in a unit testing SIGs NGSW. Word is it’s going to go a lot like the SCAR, as Ian says, and only go supplementally to more elite units like SF, Rangers, 173d ABN and elements of the 82d ABN. It’s too expensive of a platform, and too much more complicated than the M4 to replace it as a standard rifle.
I'm trying to get ahead of the curve with weapons from modern-ish african conflicts. South African built FALs, Vektors, ideally a Denel NTW-20 at some point, Colt AR-15ish stuff with Merc provenance.
Africa and places in the Middle East can certainly have some interesting concepts.
Back in the day, we had a local gun store that was like a museum. Skeet Hill in Verona, MS had all of the models of Armalite, including an AR Sporter with a low serial number. He had a Japanese 20mm antitank gun hanging from his ceiling, a 20 foot bank vault full of Mausers, Springfields, and Enfields, he had all sorts of old guns and machine guns. When he passed, his wife sold most of his collection at auction to live off of. Unfortunately, it took a LOOONG time to get the approvals through, the auction collected their percentage from the sales and some of the background checks didn't pass for one reason or the other, but she was still responsible for the auction house's percentage, and having refund all that money to the buyers who failed the process. It was a huge headache for her and devastating.
Repeal the NFA! Abolish the ATF!
A good presentation, very good at explaining matters outside actual guns but also the economics and ergonomics of the weapons.
bravo Ian ! Ton niveau de français est très bon !
Re German WW1 Wunderwaffe, a bit larger than usually covered, there was also development of the Becker Cannon in 20mm, it evolved through SEMAG into the famed Oerlikon 20mm.
At Armistice there was also a small 37mm cannon under trials intended as fire support and anti-tank use.
0:12:00 The problem with 10mm is it isn't as useful as .32acp
32 French lounge