GLOW-IN-THE-DARK: Can you change the color?
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 29 ก.ค. 2023
- I have always been fascinated by glow-in-the-dark items and still am. But is it possible to change the color of the light the pigments glow with at night?
For example by changing the light used to charge them - on both wavelengths and spectral bandwidth? And how about changing the temperature of the pigment? Time to find out!
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#Glow-in-the-dark #Fluorescence #Phosphorescence - วิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี
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Guessing just normal salt aka NaCl. It's known as quenching, I believe in this case collisional/dynamic quenching.
This guy has got some balls.
And they're beautiful
They even fluoress as well!
@@gallium-gonzollium No need to flip the light on during those late night restroom breaks.
Literally and figuratively
Shiny ones, no less.
HOLD UP!!! When I was a kid, my dad got me some 3M glow-in-the-dark film used in Navy ships for emergency signs. I discovered that charging them in sunlight vs charging them with my blacklight resulted in a different color glow.
It’s been over two decades since I played around with the film, but sunlight vs blacklight very definitely resulted in more yellow vs light green coloring after charging.
Did you have two pieces side by side to compare? Otherwise the perceived colour could change due to the shift in colour balance of your own vision from the ambient light if you were doing the experiments during the day with ambient sunlight entering the house, and then at night with indoor lighting in the house.
@@rjgscotland I see where you are going, but I did side-by-side experiments with multiple pieces of material cut from the same larger piece.
Dude, I appreciate your precision in the terminology! I collect fluorescent and phosphorescent mineral samples. One of my hunks of optical Calcite phosphoresces a nice blue under 254nm, Orange under 365nm, and pink under 395nm.
What happens if you shine multiple laser wavelengths on them at the same time? Does it cancel eachother out or make a new color ?
@@JamesTheAxeThrower My 365nm overpowers the other frequencies by far. It is MUCH brighter, with a band-gap glass keeping its frequency much tighter than my 395nm, and my 254nm is 1/10th the power. So while the other frequencies will change the appearance a tiny bit, you really need to have balanced outputs to get good results.
Another spoiler: our eyes are most sensitive to green and blue, and less sensitive to oranges, reds, and violet. So even if something novel were happening, our eyes may bias us into perceiving green overwhelming other colors.
You probably already know, but this is called the Terlingua type calcite, after Terlingua Texas where it was first found. Your piece, like mine, is probably from the Challenger mine in Nuevo Leon Mexico though.
I'm guessing Sodium Hydroxide. Or another base, sodium carbonate or bicarbonate seems unlikely since there would have been much more carbon dioxide. Quinine being basic means it probably is a salt in carbonated water, which is acidic, the freebase might not be fluorescent.
Great video as always !
I was also thinking Sodium Carbonate since Tonic Water's ph is 3. Quinine is what gives White Grapefruit its bitterness.
@@MAGGOT_VOMIT Huh. Maybe I should pull out some cheap blacklight pens and shine them on various fluorescent and phosphorescent things.
@@coastersaga Peanut butter is phosphorescent. Try it, i'm not joking.
"Sodium bicarbonate" also known as "Baking soda", judging by the texture of the powder you added...
I thought it's citric (lemon?) acid, but who knows?
Nice to see a brainiac75 video
Glad you like it, Inesh. And thanks for the very early watch!
This is a great video! Such a complex subject is broken down in smaller understandable pieces very nicely.
Your videos are always so interesting and well explained!! So happy to have been a subscriber for many years
I'm guessing it's a base, likely sodium carbonate or bicarb. Although the bubbling could be induced by nucleation (as you said to someone already), quinine's fluorescence is known to be strongly quenched at high pH, due to the deprotonated state having little fluorescence Q.Yield. It also explains why quinine fluoresces so brightly in tonic water; max fluorescence at low pH, around 3.7 (according to Google). Also, the addition of solute may increase the collisional quenching.
Vaguely unrelated, but a paper in 2002 showed that the Stokes Shift in Quinine is primarily due to electronic-solvent relaxation rather than primarily being Geometric relaxation from the Franck-Condon Geometry. Just an interesting thing to point out.
hey Brainiac75, could you do a video on magnetic shielding? like how did they make speakers that are shielded for the old CRT tvs so it didnt distort the picture? also could you make a shield for one of your large magnets and how well would it work?
Every video from you is pure pleasure.
was it salt?
Wow, this is something I've wondered about for so so long. Though have never experimented on any level, so pleased to stumble apon your video today. Thanx for your work.
Wow another amazing video respect for you for putting so much effort in these videos keep on going i really enjoy your video’s
Extremely interesting. always enjoy the content! keep up the good work
I am started to get addicted to your videos
Sodium chloride salt. Chloride ions quench the fluorescence of chemical. The same can be said of other halides
I guess the powder is iodized table salt or some other halide
Awesome
I’m thinking: could a material potentially fluoress in any wavelength possible, like microwaves or EUV?
The fluorescence of all materials is limited by the energy levels that electrons can occupy in the atom/molecule. So no, not all wavelengths are possible. But interesting question. I don't know the limits?
Fluorescence from organic molecules is from the S1->S0 state, which is typically equal to a blue or green photon. You can play with the spectrum to some extent and get UV or red/nir too, but usually molecules become much less fluorescent as the spectrum stretches out to the red and then infrared. Above 800nm there are very few fluorescent emitters and they become on average very dim.
I don't know but I think these wavelength wouldn't be energetic enough to excite the electrons, and given how the emitted light must be of a longer wavelength we could encounter problems here too
@@MichaelGiacomelli yes I know what fluorescence is, how does that answer the original question ?
Oh, that's interesting! After thinking about it, I don't think anything lower energy than visible light could have a way to causing fluorescence. Higher energies, yeah! Then I remembered that's how scintillators work for detecting high energy particles! 😀
Great description of relationship between incident light wavelengths, energy levels of excited electrons and emission wavelengths of light from the fluorophore.
Great Video! ❤
Thanks :) Glad you like it - and more to come!
That was an interesting video👍
I'm really wanting to find a particular phosphorescent pigment which I had many years ago. As a child, I had a plastic cross which, once charged, would maintain an eerie blue glow for at least half the night. This lasted longer than any green-emitting phosphors which I've ever seen. It wasn't terribly bright, but its longevity amazed me. Were I to pour resin light switches with a phosphorescent dye, this is certainly what I'd want to use.
I love glow-in-the-dark, phosphorescence, fluorescence, luminescence, bioluminescence-- pretty much anything the glows any of those other-worldly colors. The purple lights alongside a runway (like the light in a bug zapper) also transfixed me as a child.
My guess is Sodium Bicarbonate. I know caffeine is easier dissolved in acidic solutions and I believe the same is true for quinine. Sodium Bicarbonate will neutralize a lot of the citric acid and raise the pH and a significant amount of quinine will fall out of solution, and I'm guessing that the chemical is only flourescent in its dissolved state.
8:14 I guess baking soda or sodium hydroxide, the pH increase somehow interferes with the quinine composition, and it explains the bubbling up
Edit: now I'm thinking about it, how would NaHCO3 bubble up H2CO3 (the carbonation of the water)? But the compound has to be a base, and looking at the other guesses it can also be sodium hydroxide
Could be - though I am pretty sure the bubbling is mostly due to the fine grains forming nucleation sites for the dissolved carbon dioxide ;) Thanks for the early watch and guess!
From what I found, tonic water isn't acidic so baking soda wouldn't react much with it, if at all. It could just be a coincidence of the carbonation of tonic water which pretty much shuts down any of my guesses cuz I have no idea what's happening
@@zUltraXOCarbonated drinks are acidic due to the formation of carbonic acid.
@@zUltraXOTonic water is acid... Roughly the pH is 3
@@henryrroland then idk what I found
2:05 Citric acid.
this is super interesting!
Glad you like this deeper dive into luminescence :) And thanks for the early watch!
I especially liked the explanation for why the spectral lines are so spread out. I wonder if with a detailed enough view each state could be visible?
New videoo let's goo!
Like the enthusiasm :) Thanks!
@@brainiac75 😊
The fluorescence quenching can be caused by halide ions... Cl- is easy to get but Br- and I- are probably better. Thinking about it, the Iodine in iodized table salt would probably do more to quench than the Chlorine so I'll guess Iodized table salt.
Nice video, :D I'm guessing table salt was used in the quinine. Cheers.
It's interesting seeing everything in the spectrum.
How exciting! ;-)
Looks like Nuka Cola Quantum
You need to oxidise the quinine to make it stop glowing, hence some oxidiser is needed. My bet is on sodium percarbonate since it is the most common solid white oxidiser sold as laundry brightener.
Not necessarily, something that absorbs the band of quinine works too
@@henryrroland Okay, name the substance used then
@@Krivulda Probably sodium bicarbonate... The quinine fluorescence is dependent to low pH
On a related note, I found that carbonated water will deactivate the yellow highlighter florescence. (fluorescene?)
I'm guessing the power used to deactivate the blue florescence is baking soda?
The spectrum of quinine under UV light reminds me of the shape of the spectrum of a white led, but shifted blue-wards. It's like as if the typical "blue spike" of a white LED now became the violet peak from the UV source, and the broad quinine emission is like the wide part from the LED's phosphor.
Guess for the end: sodium bicarbonate? looked like the old home vinegar experiment.
I'd be most interested in a description of the various bits if kit you use. 🙂
I think it was table salt ( NaCl ) that makes the light go disappear.
I have a sample of violet colored Eu:SrAl glow material that DOES change color from different light sources. A ordinary white LED makes a blueish violet color. Under my UV light it makes more visible regular purple color instead of a bluish purple from the LED charge. I got sample from the "UltraGlow Sample Pack" online. I wonder if it makes the illusion of color shift from luminous emited or if it really does change in spectrum.
My guess for the mystery substance is some sort of base, in order to freebase the quinine. So sodium bicarb could be the mystery powder
Judging by the amount of foaming, I can only assume you added a carbonate or bicarbonate based salt, such as Baking Soda or Washing Soda. Quinine is only reported fluorescing in acidic medium, which is the case for the Tonic Water, since it has a low pH due to the huge amount of CO2 dissolved in the water (and probably some other random acidic substances, much like some sodas have Phosphoric Acid). By adding the carbonate salt, you're increasing the pH of the Tonic Water, inhibiting the fluorescence of the Quinine in it.
At a molecular level, what causes organic substances to have color and fluoresce is a phenomenon known as Conjugation, where long sequences of alternating double bonds and single bonds between carbon atoms create a structure where electrons can circulate somewhat freely around the molecule (and it is important to note that there's a direct correlation between conjugation length and color, where a longer conjugated structure will have a lower energy, absorbing and emitting higher wavelengths of light), and this is what happens in the Quinine molecule, since it has two aromatic rings connect to each other in its molecular structure (this double ring part of the molecule is called a Quinoline).
By increasing the pH of the solution, it is likely that you're disrupting said conjugation present in the Quinine molecule, and thus canceling the fluorescence altogether.
So your addative is probably something that directly reacts with quinine. It's obviously a white powder and I would assume it's probably easy to get your hands on. My initial guest from a cursory glance around the internet is going to be baking soda. Or potentially baking powder.
Tonic Water really shows itself with my very powerful Convoy C8 365nm light. Something amazing that I discovered by accident today!! You see I've had lots of eye surgeries in the last 15yrs from fully detached retinas to artificial corneal implants. Well, the other day my corneal implant in my left eye came loose and has been flopping in my eye fluid. Yes i'm getting it fixed soon and have been staying indoors till I get it fixed.
I noticed today when I shine the C8 on my ceiling it's the normal dull grayish-blue, but when I cut my left-eye left or right and the cornea flops to the side, the whole ceiling and room is lit up in a magnificent BRIGHT BLUE from the cornea not filtering the uv light!! Don't worry I only did this for a second or two. Outside daylight reflecting through our house windows through our corneas looks yellowish. When my cornea moves to the side it looks extremely white to a pale blue. 😎👍
Is that video at the beginning (with the laser spinning around the balls) the same video you used in your spheres video a few years back?
No, it is a new recording on a better camera but the exact same setup. Thanks for still watching my videos after so many years :D
I was thinking it was sugar because of its granular appearance and sugar's strange optical properties (linked to its chirality, but probably has nothing to do with this), but tonic water is usually sweetened with sugar and one wouldn't expect so much bubbling from just sugar.
Fluorecein has pH and ionic dependent fluorescent emission wavelength. It is subtle (+-20ishnm) but very much there, easily measurable by a spectrophotometer.
As for what you are adding to the quinine, I'm guessing sodium bicarbonate to shift the pH to a point which favors the ionized form of quinine, killing the fluorescence.
Thank for the experiments. If the wavelength of emission was dependent on wavelength of the source Fluorescence spectroscopy would have been really challenging 🤔
You want a nice florescent color? Soak datura seeds in water. The alkaloids is what it is. Not sure which of the major three it is. Atropine,scopolamine or hyscopolamine (I probably spelled the last two wrong). Might be all of them.
Precious stones often glow also. I have a big raw ruby that is really nice. It is in with one of my many scorpions. A stone over a pinhole with a blacklight inside shining up is an identification technique but also a captivating way to display them if they respond.
*major 3 in datura. It varies by species of course.
The added substance may have been dextrose / glucose powder, based solely on the bubbling reaction in carbonated water base. I might as well add a couple more basic guesses, as these are taken from the initial thought. So prehaps the following - dextrose / glucose powder / citric acid / powdered mineral salt??
Hi. Isn't "infra" in "infrared" means "less than" and "ultra" in "ultraviolet" means "more than"? Because then "infrared" would mean "less than red" and "ultraviolet" would mean "more than violet"?
Simple table salt (NaCl) in high enough concentrations should be sufficient to quench the fluorescence
NaCl. Dynamic quenching of the excited fluorophore by collision with Cl- ions.
I know you can change the colour, since I got a blue glow in the dark powder to make a painting but I mixed a bit with a pale orange paint and it glows white/reddish, not like where I mixed it with the blue paint
Salt (sodium chloride) although interesting that you measure full width of the peak as bandwidth - many quote this as fwhm the full width of the peak at half maximum height - this may explain the difference you observed from the predicted value for quinine?
You could also change the solvent composition, will adding ethanol enhance the observed intensity of fluorescence? 😉
FWHM is a specific definition to express bandwidth in. Another is HWHM, yet another is -3dB (sqrt(1/2)). For a Lorentzian these are all just proportional to each other, so any measure you choose is fine.
I am certainly not a chemist, but here is my take.
The reaction looked very similar to the neutralization reaction between acetic acid and sodium bicarbonate. Based on that and the appearance of the agent, I would think the agent was sodium bicarbonate.
After a little research though it appears that Quinine (the fluorescing compound in tonic water) is already basic, so maybe the agent was citric acid or some other powdered acid?
The gasses also could have just been released by the agent acting as a catalyst like in the mentos and coke reaction, in which case I have no idea what the compound may be. The bubbles seemed to be very small though, so I don't think this was the case.
Another potential option could be calcium carbonate, for mostly the same reasons as sodium bicarbonate. I don't know exactly why that would react with quinine though.
Hey, perfect timing... I just finished curing a glow in the dark powder infused resin chicken.
Strontium aluminate europium dysprosium powder is what I used.
Very much enjoyed the video.
I also love "painting" glow in the dark materials with a UV laser. I thought I was being original..😢 boo hoo.... *Sniff* *cry*
For what you put in the tonic water: Baking soda?
I havent seen you shout anyone out but I thought I saw the correct answer. Its powdered bleach right?
I'm going to guess you stopped the fluorescence with some sort of UV blocker like they use in sunscreen. It looks like a white powder, so titanium dioxide or zinc oxide, maybe.
Perhaps sodium bicarbonate? Great video!
i cant tell if its a quenching effect or a chemical one. if its a quenching effect then a lot of quinine was added but i think that might be dangerous so im gonna guess it might be sodium bicarb
Guessing you used baking soda (sodium bicarb) for the first glass. Could be baking soda just raising the pH the last little bit or sodium hydroxide in the second as it wasn't as foamy.
Why aren't sublevels due to molecular rotations and vibrations different at lower temperatures, causing the emission spectrum to be higher in frequency?
Sodium Bicarbonate judging by the release of CO2 bubbles. (Though Nicolas Bana's comment seems to have a much better grasp of the topic! - thanks Nicolas)
@brainiac75 did you know high pressure sodium lamps are phosphorescent??? i posted a short recently featuring it
salt or magnesium?
I have a nerdy puzzle as a fellow geek of lasers and science I have a thought that eludes me and that is: what happens if you merge a uv or purple laser in to a yellow laser bean what colour will it become ?
I would guess sodium hydroxide , as bicarb would be even messier. Delocalised positive charge in the quinine molecule being necessary for the fluorescence, when the alkaloid is changed from a salt to a free base it will lose the fluorescence.
Maybe way too late at this point but:
I think you definitely used a base of some kind - either a bicarbonate, carbonate or hydroxide based compound... likely either a sodium or potassium variety of those potential compounds as those are the most common forms and are also highly water soluble.
I have a question regarding lasers. I know this isn't a laser video, but it is your latest video at the moment. Are the danish regulations regarding high powered hand held lasers more lenient than the Swedish? Here you can apply for a permit, but have to have a valid reason, and as I understand it "hobby use" is not a valid reason.
What spectrometer do you use?
Can strong sound, magnetics, or microwave change iron crystal formation as it cools? If so, how much?
You used lye? I think lye would alter the ions enough to change florescence. Assuming it's quinine sulfate.
yea I just confirmed it myself, halide ions will quench the florescence of quinine sulfate
Super flot video rigtig godt lavet
Tak Dan! Flere på vej ;o)
Hmm, I wonder if I can bring chilled tonic water into a place with a black light, and have it "glow / flouresce" like this? That could be a good way to sell tonic water!
It should be baking soda, which would neutralize the acidity and make the solution slightly basic.
It might look interesting adding them to gin and watching the fluorescence mix in. 😘👌
Baking soda is a decent neutraliser of bad smells so it might work the magic with the tonic . 👍👍
one of the first commentators!
Indeed! Thanks for the very early watch and comment, Leo :)
Quite interesting. Not sure if you have been experimenting with paramagnetic color changing paint yet. But because magnets.
Thanks :) Could be interesting to look into. As far as I can tell it is/was not color changing due to magnetism but more like an electroluminescent paint. Still very interesting though!
Was it aspirin?
I would guess it's sodium bicarbonate. It makes the pH of the solution higher which decreases the intensity of quinine fluorescence.
hey braniac75 what happen if you mix the world darkest and world brightest light what will happen
I've had a thing that glows red glow burple when exposed to uv and red with visible
I'm thinking sodium bicarbonate.
The reduction in ph would explain the strong release of CO2 as well.
Ground up tums or antacid?
Obviously it was crytalized GIN ... what else can be added to Tonic water?
Ayyyy
Thinking table salt?
cool )
You forgot the most important ingredient in the tonic, Gin! 😉
Im pretty sure you used sodabicarbonate or just baking soda in simple word. Becase its going to normalize the PH of the carbonated water and the reaction of acidic and base makes the bubling. The neutralization af the acidic component.
Im not going to try and guess what the mystery powder is, as i will probably be wronger than wrong
im guessing ascorbic acid, but it could really be any other antioxidant
let me just say it was citric acid, because that is what I thought
Is there a high speed gloing gaz or transparent matériel to make volumétrique display with scanning lasers.
A fluorescent or phosphorescent gas? Hmmm, I don't know of any but would like to know about it too :) Thanks for the early watch!
@@brainiac75 Radon ordinarily exists as a gas, but as it is cooled it becomes phosphorescent yellow,
If you could contain the volume in a closed space, like a big plexiglass box, I always wondered about trying an ultrasonic fogger with some florescent dye added in to make the fog react to UV. Might also work the the florescent powder HVAC techs use for finding leaks, since that powder is ultra-fine. A fan in the enclosure could blow around the powder. Might be a fun project. haha
@@BRUXXUS I think a system like the one used in laser etched crystal cube will drow 3d picture if the reaction to the laser was reversible and fast.
Bagepulver?