Languages of the World, The largest language families

แชร์
ฝัง
  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 9 ม.ค. 2025

ความคิดเห็น • 380

  • @henrykkeszenowicz4664
    @henrykkeszenowicz4664 หลายเดือนก่อน +193

    Pre-Indo-Europeans of Europe: (slowly disappear)
    Basques: Lol, skill issue.

    • @EthanAndresSuarezBello-hc4yb
      @EthanAndresSuarezBello-hc4yb หลายเดือนก่อน +12

      It's because here in Spain, spanish don't want Basque to dissappear

    • @rafaxd8178
      @rafaxd8178 หลายเดือนก่อน +7

      Finnish: kakakakakakaa

    • @rizkyadiyanto7922
      @rizkyadiyanto7922 หลายเดือนก่อน +7

      ​@@rafaxd8178finnish, hungarian, and estonian.

    • @Abeturk
      @Abeturk 20 วันที่ผ่านมา

      mother tongue..
      Su=water /水 (Suv)=fluent-flowing /Suvu>Sıvı=fluid, liquid /Suvup=liquefied
      Suy-mak=to make it flow away (flow>movement=suîva>civa=جیوه>寿=cyan=جان=जीव>civan)
      Suv-mak=to make it flow on/upwards >suvamak=to plaster
      Süv-mek=to make it flow inwards >süv-er-i=cavalry
      Sür-mek=to make it flow ON something =to drive/apply it on/make spread on it
      (Su-arpa)>chorba>surppa=soup /Surup>şurup=syrup /Suruppat>şerbet=sorbet /Surab>şarap=wine /Surah>şıra=juice şire=milky
      Süp-mek=to make it flow outwards /Süp-ğur-mek>süpürmek=to sweep
      -mak/mek>umak/emek=aim/exertion (machine/mechanism)
      -al/el=~get via
      -et=~do/make
      -der=~set/provide
      -kur=~set up
      -en=own diameter/about oneself
      -eş=each mate/each other/together or altogether
      -la/le = ~to present this way/show this shape
      Sermek=to make it flow in four directions =to spread it laying over somth
      Sarmak=to make it flow around somth =to wrap, to surround
      Saymak=to make it flow drop by drop /one by one from the mind =~to count, ~to deem (sayı=number >bilgisayar=computer)
      Söymek=to make it flow through > Söy-le-mek=to make sentences flow through the mind=~to say, to tell
      Sövmek=to say whatever's on own mind=swearing
      Sevmek=to make flow/pour from the mind to the heart =to love
      Süymek=to make it flow thinly (Süÿt> süt=दूध=milk)
      Soymak=to make it flow over it/him/her (to peel, ~to strip )(soygan>soğan=onion)
      Soy-en-mak>soyunmak=to undress (Suy-ğur-mak)>sıyırmak=~skinning ,skimming
      Siymek=to make it flow downwards=to pee Siÿtik>sidik=urine
      Say-n-mak>sanmak=to pour from thought to the idea>to arrive at a guess
      Savmak=to make it pour outward/put forward/set forth >sav=assertion
      Sav-en-mak>savunmak=to defend /Sav-ğur-mak>savurmak=to strew it outward (into the void)
      Sav-eş-mak>savaşmak=to shed each other's blood >savaş=war
      Savuşmak=scatter altogether around >sıvışmak=~run away in fear
      Sağmak=to ensure it pours tightly >Sağanak=downpour >Sahan=somth to pour water
      Sağ-en-mak>sağınmak=to spill from thought into emotions> ~longing
      Sormak=to make it spill the inform inside/force him to tell
      Sekmek=to go (by force or difficulty) over it forwards
      Sakmak=to get/keep/hold-back by force/hardly (sekar=?)
      Sak-en-mak>sakınmak =to ponder hard/hold back/beware
      Sak-la-mak=keep back/hide it >sak-la-en-mak=saklanmak=hide oneself
      Soğmak=to penetrate (by force)> Soğurmak=make it penetrate forced inward= to suck in
      Sokmak=to put/take (by force) inward
      Sökmek=to take/force out from the inside(~unstitch/rip out)
      Sıkmak=to suppress (forcibly) from all sides=squeeze (Sıkı=tight)
      Sığmak=fit barely /Sığ-en-mak>sığınmak=take refuge in
      Sezmek=to keep it gently flow mentally =to sense, intuit
      Sızmak=to flow slightly =to ooze
      Süzmek=to make it lightly flow from top to bottom >to filter
      Suŋmak=to extend it forward, put before, present
      Süŋmek=to get expanded outwards /sünger=sponge
      Sıŋmak=to reach by stretching upward/forward
      Siŋmek=to shrink oneself by getting down or back (to lurk, hide out)
      Söŋmek=to get decreased by getting out or in oneself (fade out)
      Tan=the dawn /旦
      Tanımak=to get the differences of =to recognize
      Tanınmak=tanı-en-mak=to be known/recognized
      Tanıtmak=tanı-et-mak=to make known/introduce
      Tanışmak=tanı-eş-mak=to get to know each other/meet for the first time
      Danışmak=to get inform through each other
      Tanılamak=tanı-la-mak=diagnose
      Tıŋı=the tune (timbre) /调
      Tıŋ-mak=to react verbally >Tınlamak= ~to take into account/respond
      Tıŋı-la-mak=to get the sound out
      Tiŋi-le-mek=to get the sound in >Dinlemek=to listen/ 听
      Tiŋ-mek=to get at the silence >Dinmek=to keep calm
      Denk=Sync>登克>~equal /a-thank*Deng-e=balance
      Thenğ-mek>Değmek=achieve a harmonious reaction/ to touch
      Thenğe-mek>Deŋemek=to try to get a harmonious response in return
      teğet=tangent /tenger>değer=sync level >worth /teng-yüz>deŋiz=sea
      eşdeğer=equivalent /eş diğerine denk=equal to each other
      Deng-en-mek>değinmek =to mention/touch upon
      Deng-eş-mek>değişmek =to turn into somth else equivalent /get altogether a change
      Deng-eş-der-mek>değiştirmek =to change it /exchange
      Çığ (chuw)=avalanche /雪崩
      Çığ-ğur-mak =çığır-mak= ~to scream /read by shouting
      Çağırmak=to call /inviting /称呼 /邀请
      Çığırı >Jigir >Şiir=Poetry /诗歌
      Cığır-la-mak >Jırlamak >to squeal /shout with a shrill voice
      Çığırgı >Jırgı >Şarkı=Song / 曲子
      Çiğ (chee)=uncooked, raw / 生
      Çiğne-mek =to chew / 咀嚼
      (Çiğnek) Çeŋe=chin /下巴
      Çiğ (chiu)= dew/ 汽 , 露 (çi’çek=flower/ çi’se=drizzle)
      Taş=the stone (portable rock)/大石头
      Taşı-mak =to take (by moving) it >to carry
      Taşı-et-mak =Taşıtmak> to have it transported
      Taşı-en-mak =Taşınmak>to move oneself to a different place
      Kak-mak=to give direction (kak-qa-eun> kakgan=which one's directing>Kağan>Han) (Baş-khan>Başkan=president)
      Kak-der-mak>kaktırmak=~to set aside
      Kak-el-mak>kağılmak =to be oriented via /be fixed somewhere >kalmak= to stay
      Kakıluk-mak=to tend upward >kalkmak=to stand up /get up
      Kak-el-der-mak>kağıldırmak>to make it being steered away>kaldırmak=to remove
      Kak-en-mak>kağınmak=to be inclined>kanmak /ikna olmak=to ac-know-ledge it's so /be convinced
      Kak-en-der-mak>kağındırmak>kandırmak (ikna etmek)=~to trick (to persuade)
      Der-mek=to provide bringing them together to create an order /der-le-mek=to compile
      /deri=derm
      Dar-mak=to bring into a different order by disrupting the old >tarkan=conqueror
      /tarım=agriculture /tarla=arable field /taramak=to comb
      Dar-el-mak>darılmak=to be in a disturbed mood towards someone
      Dur-mak=to keep the same order /keep being, /survive /halt on
      (thoru>diri= alive) durabilir=durable /boğa-thor>bahadır=冒頓=survivor-victim> war veteran
      boğa=sacrificed by strangling >buga > buhag > pigah> 피해자> pig
      Dur-der-mak> durdurmak=~to stop /diri-el-mek>dirilmek= be revived
      Diremek=make to stand against /direnmek=resist /diretmek=insist
      (Tüz-mek) Dizmek=to keep it in the same order /the same line
      Dür-mek=to roll it into a roll /dürülmek=get rolled /dürüm=roll of bread
      (Tör-mek) Dörmek=to rotate it on its axis >to mix up
      Thöre-mek>türemek=become a new layout/form by coming together in the same medium (tür= kind /type)
      Thörük=order formed by coming together >Türk
      Töre=order established over time=tradition /torah=sacred order /tarih=history
      Thör-et-mek>türetmek=to create a new layout combining= to derive
      Thör-en-mek>dörünmek=to rotate oneself /turn by oneself
      Törünmek>törnmek>Dönmek=to turn oneself /döner=rotary /turna=flamingo
      Dön-der-mek>döndürmek=to turn something
      Dön-eş-mek>dönüşmek=turn (altogether) into something
      Dön-eş-der-mek>dönüştürmek=to convert /transform
      (Edh) Ez-mek=to thin something down by pressing over=to crush /run over
      (Edg) Eğ-mek=to turn something the other way or to a curved shape> to tilt it
      eğim =inclination
      Eğ-el-mek>eğilmek=to get being inclined /bend
      Eğ-et-mek>eğitmek=to educate
      Eğir-mek=to cause it another shape by spin it crosswise around itself
      > eğri=curve,awry >ağrı=crossways >uğru=~aspect of >doğru=true, right direction
      Evirmek= to make it return around itself or transform into another shape
      Çevirmek=turn into/encircle Devirmek =turn outer/overturn
      Eğir-al-mek>eğrilmek=to become a skew /be bended by
      Evir-al-mek>evrilmek=to get a transformation over time
      /evrim=evolution /devrim=revolution /evre=stage
      Uğra-mak>=to get (at) a place or a situation for a certain time=drop by/ stop by
      Uğra-eş-mak>uğraşmak=to drop by (altogether) each other for a certain time=to strive/deal with
      Uğra-et-mak>uğratmak=to put in a situation for a specific time
      Öğre-mek=to get an accumulation above a certain stage
      Öğre-en-mek=to get (at) a knowledge or info level at a certain time> öğrenmek=to learn
      Öğre-et-mek=to make somebody get (at) a knowledge or info level at a certain time=to teach
      Türkçe öğretiyorum =I’m teaching turkish
      İngilizce öğreniyorsun =You’re learning english
      Öğren-i-yor-u-sen (learn

    • @AlhazredGL
      @AlhazredGL 6 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Those came later

  • @Pomoyka1448
    @Pomoyka1448 หลายเดือนก่อน +157

    Austrounesians 4000-1000 BC : "Omg I'm so sick of this highly fertile land... I wanna conquer the seas!"

    • @DaniSC_l1
      @DaniSC_l1 หลายเดือนก่อน +21

      as an austronesian, "nenek moyangku seorang pelaut" 🗣🗣🔥🔥💯‼️

    • @---iv5gj
      @---iv5gj หลายเดือนก่อน +5

      wars, they were fleeing wars.

    • @shyuw6473
      @shyuw6473 หลายเดือนก่อน +7

      I still find it unbelievable that a language that started in China was able to reach Madagascar

    • @UgLyMaLaySian
      @UgLyMaLaySian หลายเดือนก่อน +3

      ​@@shyuw6473yes. If Turkic language reach turkey from Mongolia then why not Austronesian language as well through voyages. They are sailors. Sea faring people

    • @scarymonster5541
      @scarymonster5541 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      @@UgLyMaLaySian sailing is harder

  • @zuraorokamono204
    @zuraorokamono204 หลายเดือนก่อน +73

    Indo-European after slowly declining in the middle ages: "Don't call it a comeback..."

  • @Kleeps
    @Kleeps หลายเดือนก่อน +66

    austronesians in madagaskar is the far most interesting thing ever

    • @KVUAA
      @KVUAA หลายเดือนก่อน +15

      From medagaskar to New Zealend to Hawai

    • @scarymonster5541
      @scarymonster5541 หลายเดือนก่อน +10

      ​@@KVUAA to rapa nui

    • @MultiWeb23
      @MultiWeb23 28 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

      To me it's the fact that the crossed THE PACIFIC to get to Easter Island

  • @transformersloverjon
    @transformersloverjon หลายเดือนก่อน +28

    Japan: "Never back down, never WHAT?"
    Korea: "Never give up."

  • @user-qf5kl6cv2y
    @user-qf5kl6cv2y หลายเดือนก่อน +90

    Could there be a continuation of this, but with a mirrored perspective where only the smaller and extinct language families are shown?

    • @CostasMelas
      @CostasMelas  หลายเดือนก่อน +46

      Yes maybe in the future. It would be interesting

    • @gaga7755
      @gaga7755 หลายเดือนก่อน +8

      yees. finno-ugric, turkic, mongolic, kartvelian, kra-dai, austroasiatic.
      btw what we know about extinct language families? i mean families, not isolated ones

    • @user-qf5kl6cv2y
      @user-qf5kl6cv2y หลายเดือนก่อน +5

      @@CostasMelas Yeah, seeing how different the linguistic landscape was in the past and how it changed over time would be pretty awesome to see on a global scale

    • @user-qf5kl6cv2y
      @user-qf5kl6cv2y หลายเดือนก่อน +7

      @@gaga7755 well, there are some that went extinct pretty recently in the Americas and Australia and there are hypothetical families like Tyrsenian (Etruscan, Lemnian & Rhaetic) and Hurro-Urartian.

    • @adnan_honest_jihadist5775
      @adnan_honest_jihadist5775 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      you mean great language familiies bcs they contain language families too which in turn contain divisions of subdivisions. also why no turanic languages? turkic, altaic & uralic?

  • @TwjordyjSnak
    @TwjordyjSnak หลายเดือนก่อน +250

    Indo Europeans do some "trolling"

    • @alphamale7489
      @alphamale7489 หลายเดือนก่อน +5

      Best site for trolling is Abrahamic gab

    • @obrnenydrevokocur9344
      @obrnenydrevokocur9344 หลายเดือนก่อน +17

      Just like everyone else, the spread of the "red colour" southward meant the total eradication of what was there before, if you catch my drift.

    • @ennui9745
      @ennui9745 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

      ​@@obrnenydrevokocur9344 So did the spread of the yellow one.

    • @Uran_KH-98
      @Uran_KH-98 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

      Yeah yeah.... Just like the Altaic language family, which was not shown here. According to history, the most famous trollers are the Altaian peoples. If you don't know, the Altaic language family is Hungarians, Turks, Mongols, Koreans, Japanese. And I probably shouldn’t ask why they can be called trollers? They have defeated so many people in their lives, although they live so quietly and unnoticed.

    • @scarymonster5541
      @scarymonster5541 หลายเดือนก่อน +19

      @@Uran_KH-98 altaic never exist

  • @ddsferd1628
    @ddsferd1628 หลายเดือนก่อน +23

    Indo-Europeans managed to install their languages in pivotal points of Eurasia (Europe, India, Iran), so after that there were born mighty great empires that continued to spread I-E languages further. Other major families could install their presence only in one pivotal points (China, South East Asia and Middle East), so there could be only one great empire that couldn't continuously spread their languages throughout centures like I-E empires.

    • @SonofIndia1999
      @SonofIndia1999 9 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Yajnadevam study says that Indus valley people spoke Sanskrit
      He deciferd more than 50 % indus seals

  • @TheDragonHistorian
    @TheDragonHistorian หลายเดือนก่อน +35

    What were the Indo-European languages spoken in Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia? Sanskrit in Indianized kingdoms?

    • @CostasMelas
      @CostasMelas  หลายเดือนก่อน +35

      Sanskrit during of Hinduistic period. In Myanmar, they also spoke the Pali language (Eastern Indo-Aryan language).

    • @Morshed2005
      @Morshed2005 หลายเดือนก่อน +19

      Bengali (Rohingya) is spoken in Myanmar

    • @TheDragonHistorian
      @TheDragonHistorian หลายเดือนก่อน +7

      @@CostasMelas Cool, I didn't know about Pali. Thanks for a great video as always.

    • @CostasMelas
      @CostasMelas  หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      Thank you very much

    • @plazmagaming2182
      @plazmagaming2182 หลายเดือนก่อน +5

      Tamils(speakers of dravidian Tamil) brought Sanskrit to southeast asia. It's also why every southeast asian script is descended from the pallava script(used to write both sanskrit and tamil)

  • @yonj3269
    @yonj3269 หลายเดือนก่อน +100

    It is unfortunate that beautiful languages such as Elamite, Sumerian and Etruscan have become extinct.

    • @SirBolsón
      @SirBolsón หลายเดือนก่อน +18

      Indeed, but for now, all we can do is get as much evidence as we can so that they may be reconstructed. Either that, OR we build a time machine and revive them that way by gathering the information from the actual speakers.

    • @tommarch.4493
      @tommarch.4493 หลายเดือนก่อน +20

      How do you know that they were beautiful, since we never heard any speakers

    • @SirBolsón
      @SirBolsón หลายเดือนก่อน +10

      @tommarch.4493 Yes, but the reconstructions are there and are as accurate as you can get. Beauty is also subjective, so there's that.

    • @qpdb840
      @qpdb840 หลายเดือนก่อน +12

      @@tommarch.4493there are many inscriptions in Iran where Elamite is written along with Old Persian so we can hear the language. Elamite influenced Persian a lot.

    • @yonj3269
      @yonj3269 หลายเดือนก่อน +5

      @tommarch.4493
      Their languages remained engraved.

  • @SirBolsón
    @SirBolsón หลายเดือนก่อน +123

    "I wish life was not so short. Languages take such a time, and so do all the things one wants to know about."
    J. R. R. Tolkien

    • @Granochereal
      @Granochereal หลายเดือนก่อน +9

      Great linguist and great writer

    • @SirBolsón
      @SirBolsón หลายเดือนก่อน +5

      @Granochereal Y E S

  • @-mr.koekto
    @-mr.koekto หลายเดือนก่อน +13

    Hooray, finally a new video!

  • @sckshakex4308
    @sckshakex4308 12 วันที่ผ่านมา +3

    that non purple pocket in Pakistan is called Brahui language, which is actually a Dravidian language, it still exists, its the only non-indo-European language of indus region

  • @Kochengeregsy
    @Kochengeregsy 27 วันที่ผ่านมา +7

    other languages ​​conquered the land, but Austronesian was the master of the seas, from Madagascar to Hawaii lol

  • @SirBolsón
    @SirBolsón หลายเดือนก่อน +50

    “Our language is the reflection of ourselves.
    A language is an exact reflection of the character and growth of its speakers”
    - Cesar Chavez.

  • @piyumalubayasiri2642
    @piyumalubayasiri2642 หลายเดือนก่อน +9

    yeah..i suggested this long time ago. thank you for making this

    • @CostasMelas
      @CostasMelas  หลายเดือนก่อน +5

      I finally make it. Thank you

  • @felixmiles4909
    @felixmiles4909 หลายเดือนก่อน +10

    Hello. Excellent, as usual.
    I'm sure you are planning version 2.0 covering the entire globe. Good luck. :)

    • @CostasMelas
      @CostasMelas  หลายเดือนก่อน +5

      Thank you

    • @KartovOndulevitch
      @KartovOndulevitch หลายเดือนก่อน +3

      @@CostasMelas I hope too another one with austrasiatic, dravidian, american, but thanks for this one 👏

  • @SirBolsón
    @SirBolsón หลายเดือนก่อน +34

    “Language is the road map of a culture.
    It tells you where its people come from and where they are going” by Rita Mae Brown.

  • @Flordocactu
    @Flordocactu หลายเดือนก่อน +8

    3:55 I didn't know that Afro-Asian languages reached so far into Africa

  • @BriefHistoriesTV
    @BriefHistoriesTV หลายเดือนก่อน +4

    Another great video. Please do the spread of Afroasiatic next.

  • @micahistory
    @micahistory หลายเดือนก่อน +30

    nice but i wish you included more families

    • @CostasMelas
      @CostasMelas  หลายเดือนก่อน +6

      Thank you :)

    • @leroyurocyon
      @leroyurocyon หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      It is not known if the Altaic family will exist but it sounds interesting.

    • @micahistory
      @micahistory หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      @@CostasMelas you're welcome

    • @Abeturk
      @Abeturk 20 วันที่ผ่านมา

      @@CostasMelas
      mother tongue...
      Su=water /水 (Suv)=fluent-flowing /Suvu>Sıvı=fluid, liquid /Suvup=liquefied
      Suy-mak=to make it flow away (flow>movement=suîva>civa=جیوه>寿=cyan=جان=जीव>civan)
      Suv-mak=to make it flow on/upwards >suvamak=to plaster
      Süv-mek=to make it flow inwards >süv-er-i=cavalry
      Sür-mek=to make it flow ON something =to drive/apply it on/make spread on it
      (Su-arpa)>chorba>surppa=soup /Surup>şurup=syrup /Suruppat>şerbet=sorbet /Surab>şarap=wine /Surah>şıra=juice şire=milky
      Süp-mek=to make it flow outwards /Süp-ğur-mek>süpürmek=to sweep
      -mak/mek>umak/emek=aim/exertion (machine/mechanism)
      -al/el=~get via
      -et=~do/make
      -der=~set/provide
      -kur=~set up
      -en=own diameter/about oneself
      -eş=each mate/each other/together or altogether
      -la/le = ~to present this way/show this shape
      Sermek=to make it flow in four directions =to spread it laying over somth
      Sarmak=to make it flow around somth =to wrap, to surround
      Saymak=to make it flow drop by drop /one by one from the mind =~to count, ~to deem (sayı=number >bilgisayar=computer)
      Söymek=to make it flow through > Söy-le-mek=to make sentences flow through the mind=~to say, to tell
      Sövmek=to say whatever's on own mind=swearing
      Sevmek=to make flow/pour from the mind to the heart =to love
      Süymek=to make it flow thinly (Süÿt> süt=दूध=milk)
      Soymak=to make it flow over it/him/her (to peel, ~to strip )(soygan>soğan=onion)
      Soy-en-mak>soyunmak=to undress (Suy-ğur-mak)>sıyırmak=~skinning ,skimming
      Siymek=to make it flow downwards=to pee Siÿtik>sidik=urine
      Say-n-mak>sanmak=to pour from thought to the idea>to arrive at a guess
      Savmak=to make it pour outward/put forward/set forth >sav=assertion
      Sav-en-mak>savunmak=to defend /Sav-ğur-mak>savurmak=to strew it outward (into the void)
      Sav-eş-mak>savaşmak=to shed each other's blood >savaş=war
      Savuşmak=scatter altogether around >sıvışmak=~run away in fear
      Sağmak=to ensure it pours tightly >Sağanak=downpour >Sahan=somth to pour water
      Sağ-en-mak>sağınmak=to spill from thought into emotions> ~longing
      Sormak=to make it spill the inform inside/force him to tell
      Sekmek=to go (by force or difficulty) over it forwards
      Sakmak=to get/keep/hold-back by force/hardly (sekar=?)
      Sak-en-mak>sakınmak =to ponder hard/hold back/beware
      Sak-la-mak=keep back/hide it >sak-la-en-mak=saklanmak=hide oneself
      Soğmak=to penetrate (by force)> Soğurmak=make it penetrate forced inward= to suck in
      Sokmak=to put/take (by force) inward
      Sökmek=to take/force out from the inside(~unstitch/rip out)
      Sıkmak=to suppress (forcibly) from all sides=squeeze (Sıkı=tight)
      Sığmak=fit barely /Sığ-en-mak>sığınmak=take refuge in
      Sezmek=to keep it gently flow mentally =to sense, intuit
      Sızmak=to flow slightly =to ooze
      Süzmek=to make it lightly flow from top to bottom >to filter
      Suŋmak=to extend it forward, put before, present
      Süŋmek=to get expanded outwards /sünger=sponge
      Sıŋmak=to reach by stretching upward/forward
      Siŋmek=to shrink oneself by getting down or back (to lurk, hide out)
      Söŋmek=to get decreased by getting out or in oneself (fade out)
      Tan=the dawn /旦
      Tanımak=to get the differences of =to recognize
      Tanınmak=tanı-en-mak=to be known/recognized
      Tanıtmak=tanı-et-mak=to make known/introduce
      Tanışmak=tanı-eş-mak=to get to know each other/meet for the first time
      Danışmak=to get inform through each other
      Tanılamak=tanı-la-mak=diagnose
      Tıŋı=the tune (timbre) /调
      Tıŋ-mak=to react verbally >Tınlamak= ~to take into account/respond
      Tıŋı-la-mak=to get the sound out
      Tiŋi-le-mek=to get the sound in >Dinlemek=to listen/ 听
      Tiŋ-mek=to get at the silence >Dinmek=to keep calm
      Denk=Sync>登克>~equal /a-thank*Deng-e=balance
      Thenğ-mek>Değmek=achieve a harmonious reaction/ to touch
      Thenğe-mek>Deŋemek=to try to get a harmonious response in return
      teğet=tangent /tenger>değer=sync level >worth /teng-yüz>deŋiz=sea
      eşdeğer=equivalent /eş diğerine denk=equal to each other
      Deng-en-mek>değinmek =to mention/touch upon
      Deng-eş-mek>değişmek =to turn into somth else equivalent /get altogether a change
      Deng-eş-der-mek>değiştirmek =to change it /exchange
      Çığ (chuw)=avalanche /雪崩
      Çığ-ğur-mak =çığır-mak= ~to scream /read by shouting
      Çağırmak=to call /inviting /称呼 /邀请
      Çığırı >Jigir >Şiir=Poetry /诗歌
      Cığır-la-mak >Jırlamak >to squeal /shout with a shrill voice
      Çığırgı >Jırgı >Şarkı=Song / 曲子
      Çiğ (chee)=uncooked, raw / 生
      Çiğne-mek =to chew / 咀嚼
      (Çiğnek) Çeŋe=chin /下巴
      Çiğ (chiu)= dew/ 汽 , 露 (çi’çek=flower/ çi’se=drizzle)
      Taş=the stone (portable rock)/大石头
      Taşı-mak =to take (by moving) it >to carry
      Taşı-et-mak =Taşıtmak> to have it transported
      Taşı-en-mak =Taşınmak>to move oneself to a different place
      Kak-mak=to give direction (kak-qa-eun> kakgan=which one's directing>Kağan>Han) (Baş-khan>Başkan=president)
      Kak-der-mak>kaktırmak=~to set aside
      Kak-el-mak>kağılmak =to be oriented via /be fixed somewhere >kalmak= to stay
      Kakıluk-mak=to tend upward >kalkmak=to stand up /get up
      Kak-el-der-mak>kağıldırmak>to make it being steered away>kaldırmak=to remove
      Kak-en-mak>kağınmak=to be inclined>kanmak /ikna olmak=to ac-know-ledge it's so /be convinced
      Kak-en-der-mak>kağındırmak>kandırmak (ikna etmek)=~to trick (to persuade)
      Der-mek=to provide bringing them together to create an order /der-le-mek=to compile
      /deri=derm
      Dar-mak=to bring into a different order by disrupting the old >tarkan=conqueror
      /tarım=agriculture /tarla=arable field /taramak=to comb
      Dar-el-mak>darılmak=to be in a disturbed mood towards someone
      Dur-mak=to keep the same order /keep being, /survive /halt on
      (thoru>diri= alive) durabilir=durable /boğa-thor>bahadır=冒頓=survivor-victim> war veteran
      boğa=sacrificed by strangling >buga > buhag > pigah> 피해자> pig
      Dur-der-mak> durdurmak=~to stop /diri-el-mek>dirilmek= be revived
      Diremek=make to stand against /direnmek=resist /diretmek=insist
      (Tüz-mek) Dizmek=to keep it in the same order /the same line
      Dür-mek=to roll it into a roll /dürülmek=get rolled /dürüm=roll of bread
      (Tör-mek) Dörmek=to rotate it on its axis >to mix up
      Thöre-mek>türemek=become a new layout/form by coming together in the same medium (tür= kind /type)
      Thörük=order formed by coming together >Türk
      Töre=order established over time=tradition /torah=sacred order /tarih=history
      Thör-et-mek>türetmek=to create a new layout combining= to derive
      Thör-en-mek>dörünmek=to rotate oneself /turn by oneself
      Törünmek>törnmek>Dönmek=to turn oneself /döner=rotary /turna=flamingo
      Dön-der-mek>döndürmek=to turn something
      Dön-eş-mek>dönüşmek=turn (altogether) into something
      Dön-eş-der-mek>dönüştürmek=to convert /transform
      (Edh) Ez-mek=to thin something down by pressing over=to crush /run over
      (Edg) Eğ-mek=to turn something the other way or to a curved shape> to tilt it
      eğim =inclination
      Eğ-el-mek>eğilmek=to get being inclined /bend
      Eğ-et-mek>eğitmek=to educate
      Eğir-mek=to cause it another shape by spin it crosswise around itself
      > eğri=curve,awry >ağrı=crossways >uğru=~aspect of >doğru=true, right direction
      Evirmek= to make it return around itself or transform into another shape
      Çevirmek=turn into/encircle Devirmek =turn outer/overturn
      Eğir-al-mek>eğrilmek=to become a skew /be bended by
      Evir-al-mek>evrilmek=to get a transformation over time
      /evrim=evolution /devrim=revolution /evre=stage
      Uğra-mak>=to get (at) a place or a situation for a certain time=drop by/ stop by
      Uğra-eş-mak>uğraşmak=to drop by (altogether) each other for a certain time=to strive/deal with
      Uğra-et-mak>uğratmak=to put in a situation for a specific time
      Öğre-mek=to get an accumulation above a certain stage
      Öğre-en-mek=to get (at) a knowledge or info level at a certain time> öğrenmek=to learn
      Öğre-et-mek=to make somebody get (at) a knowledge or info level at a certain time=to teach
      Türkçe öğretiyorum =I’m teaching turkish
      İngilizce öğreniyorsun =You’re learning english
      Öğren-i-yor-u-sen (learn

  • @SirBolsón
    @SirBolsón หลายเดือนก่อน +10

    “Language is the blood of the soul into which thoughts run and out of which they grow”
    by Oliver Wendell Holmes.

  • @dionysise5008
    @dionysise5008 หลายเดือนก่อน +6

    Great as always. Hope you do more detail

    • @CostasMelas
      @CostasMelas  หลายเดือนก่อน +3

      Thank you

  • @alyssachey8417
    @alyssachey8417 29 วันที่ผ่านมา +6

    I wish more was known about the indigenous languages of North and South America .

    • @AlhazredGL
      @AlhazredGL 6 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

      Enough is known but they are currently among the smallest languages in the world.

  • @АлександрСайчук-й5д
    @АлександрСайчук-й5д หลายเดือนก่อน +5

    As for the languages of the peoples who inhabited America before the European conquest, nothing is known

    • @AlhazredGL
      @AlhazredGL 6 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Uto-Aztecs, Iroquois, Na-Dene, Mayans, Quechuas, Guaranies , Otomange , Tains and Inuctitud

  • @anakinskywalker2064
    @anakinskywalker2064 หลายเดือนก่อน +8

    los indoeuropeos tuvieron grandes perdidas pero al final ganamos

  • @jonh101
    @jonh101 หลายเดือนก่อน +6

    I like how you can see a hungary sized hole in europe

  • @skullybros8733
    @skullybros8733 หลายเดือนก่อน +10

    Finally a world language video

    • @Abeturk
      @Abeturk 20 วันที่ผ่านมา

      mother tongue...
      Su=water /水 (Suv)=fluent-flowing /Suvu>Sıvı=fluid, liquid /Suvup=liquefied
      Suy-mak=to make it flow away (flow>movement=suîva>civa=جیوه>寿=cyan=جان=जीव>civan)
      Suv-mak=to make it flow on/upwards >suvamak=to plaster
      Süv-mek=to make it flow inwards >süv-er-i=cavalry
      Sür-mek=to make it flow ON something =to drive/apply it on/make spread on it
      (Su-arpa)>chorba>surppa=soup /Surup>şurup=syrup /Suruppat>şerbet=sorbet /Surab>şarap=wine /Surah>şıra=juice şire=milky
      Süp-mek=to make it flow outwards /Süp-ğur-mek>süpürmek=to sweep
      -mak/mek>umak/emek=aim/exertion (machine/mechanism)
      -al/el=~get via
      -et=~do/make
      -der=~set/provide
      -kur=~set up
      -en=own diameter/about oneself
      -eş=each mate/each other/together or altogether
      -la/le = ~to present this way/show this shape
      Sermek=to make it flow in four directions =to spread it laying over somth
      Sarmak=to make it flow around somth =to wrap, to surround
      Saymak=to make it flow drop by drop /one by one from the mind =~to count, ~to deem (sayı=number >bilgisayar=computer)
      Söymek=to make it flow through > Söy-le-mek=to make sentences flow through the mind=~to say, to tell
      Sövmek=to say whatever's on own mind=swearing
      Sevmek=to make flow/pour from the mind to the heart =to love
      Süymek=to make it flow thinly (Süÿt> süt=दूध=milk)
      Soymak=to make it flow over it/him/her (to peel, ~to strip )(soygan>soğan=onion)
      Soy-en-mak>soyunmak=to undress (Suy-ğur-mak)>sıyırmak=~skinning ,skimming
      Siymek=to make it flow downwards=to pee Siÿtik>sidik=urine
      Say-n-mak>sanmak=to pour from thought to the idea>to arrive at a guess
      Savmak=to make it pour outward/put forward/set forth >sav=assertion
      Sav-en-mak>savunmak=to defend /Sav-ğur-mak>savurmak=to strew it outward (into the void)
      Sav-eş-mak>savaşmak=to shed each other's blood >savaş=war
      Savuşmak=scatter altogether around >sıvışmak=~run away in fear
      Sağmak=to ensure it pours tightly >Sağanak=downpour >Sahan=somth to pour water
      Sağ-en-mak>sağınmak=to spill from thought into emotions> ~longing
      Sormak=to make it spill the inform inside/force him to tell
      Sekmek=to go (by force or difficulty) over it forwards
      Sakmak=to get/keep/hold-back by force/hardly (sekar=?)
      Sak-en-mak>sakınmak =to ponder hard/hold back/beware
      Sak-la-mak=keep back/hide it >sak-la-en-mak=saklanmak=hide oneself
      Soğmak=to penetrate (by force)> Soğurmak=make it penetrate forced inward= to suck in
      Sokmak=to put/take (by force) inward
      Sökmek=to take/force out from the inside(~unstitch/rip out)
      Sıkmak=to suppress (forcibly) from all sides=squeeze (Sıkı=tight)
      Sığmak=fit barely /Sığ-en-mak>sığınmak=take refuge in
      Sezmek=to keep it gently flow mentally =to sense, intuit
      Sızmak=to flow slightly =to ooze
      Süzmek=to make it lightly flow from top to bottom >to filter
      Suŋmak=to extend it forward, put before, present
      Süŋmek=to get expanded outwards /sünger=sponge
      Sıŋmak=to reach by stretching upward/forward
      Siŋmek=to shrink oneself by getting down or back (to lurk, hide out)
      Söŋmek=to get decreased by getting out or in oneself (fade out)
      Tan=the dawn /旦
      Tanımak=to get the differences of =to recognize
      Tanınmak=tanı-en-mak=to be known/recognized
      Tanıtmak=tanı-et-mak=to make known/introduce
      Tanışmak=tanı-eş-mak=to get to know each other/meet for the first time
      Danışmak=to get inform through each other
      Tanılamak=tanı-la-mak=diagnose
      Tıŋı=the tune (timbre) /调
      Tıŋ-mak=to react verbally >Tınlamak= ~to take into account/respond
      Tıŋı-la-mak=to get the sound out
      Tiŋi-le-mek=to get the sound in >Dinlemek=to listen/ 听
      Tiŋ-mek=to get at the silence >Dinmek=to keep calm
      Denk=Sync>登克>~equal /a-thank*Deng-e=balance
      Thenğ-mek>Değmek=achieve a harmonious reaction/ to touch
      Thenğe-mek>Deŋemek=to try to get a harmonious response in return
      teğet=tangent /tenger>değer=sync level >worth /teng-yüz>deŋiz=sea
      eşdeğer=equivalent /eş diğerine denk=equal to each other
      Deng-en-mek>değinmek =to mention/touch upon
      Deng-eş-mek>değişmek =to turn into somth else equivalent /get altogether a change
      Deng-eş-der-mek>değiştirmek =to change it /exchange
      Çığ (chuw)=avalanche /雪崩
      Çığ-ğur-mak =çığır-mak= ~to scream /read by shouting
      Çağırmak=to call /inviting /称呼 /邀请
      Çığırı >Jigir >Şiir=Poetry /诗歌
      Cığır-la-mak >Jırlamak >to squeal /shout with a shrill voice
      Çığırgı >Jırgı >Şarkı=Song / 曲子
      Çiğ (chee)=uncooked, raw / 生
      Çiğne-mek =to chew / 咀嚼
      (Çiğnek) Çeŋe=chin /下巴
      Çiğ (chiu)= dew/ 汽 , 露 (çi’çek=flower/ çi’se=drizzle)
      Taş=the stone (portable rock)/大石头
      Taşı-mak =to take (by moving) it >to carry
      Taşı-et-mak =Taşıtmak> to have it transported
      Taşı-en-mak =Taşınmak>to move oneself to a different place
      Kak-mak=to give direction (kak-qa-eun> kakgan=which one's directing>Kağan>Han) (Baş-khan>Başkan=president)
      Kak-der-mak>kaktırmak=~to set aside
      Kak-el-mak>kağılmak =to be oriented via /be fixed somewhere >kalmak= to stay
      Kakıluk-mak=to tend upward >kalkmak=to stand up /get up
      Kak-el-der-mak>kağıldırmak>to make it being steered away>kaldırmak=to remove
      Kak-en-mak>kağınmak=to be inclined>kanmak /ikna olmak=to ac-know-ledge it's so /be convinced
      Kak-en-der-mak>kağındırmak>kandırmak (ikna etmek)=~to trick (to persuade)
      Der-mek=to provide bringing them together to create an order /der-le-mek=to compile
      /deri=derm
      Dar-mak=to bring into a different order by disrupting the old >tarkan=conqueror
      /tarım=agriculture /tarla=arable field /taramak=to comb
      Dar-el-mak>darılmak=to be in a disturbed mood towards someone
      Dur-mak=to keep the same order /keep being, /survive /halt on
      (thoru>diri= alive) durabilir=durable /boğa-thor>bahadır=冒頓=survivor-victim> war veteran
      boğa=sacrificed by strangling >buga > buhag > pigah> 피해자> pig
      Dur-der-mak> durdurmak=~to stop /diri-el-mek>dirilmek= be revived
      Diremek=make to stand against /direnmek=resist /diretmek=insist
      (Tüz-mek) Dizmek=to keep it in the same order /the same line
      Dür-mek=to roll it into a roll /dürülmek=get rolled /dürüm=roll of bread
      (Tör-mek) Dörmek=to rotate it on its axis >to mix up
      Thöre-mek>türemek=become a new layout/form by coming together in the same medium (tür= kind /type)
      Thörük=order formed by coming together >Türk
      Töre=order established over time=tradition /torah=sacred order /tarih=history
      Thör-et-mek>türetmek=to create a new layout combining= to derive
      Thör-en-mek>dörünmek=to rotate oneself /turn by oneself
      Törünmek>törnmek>Dönmek=to turn oneself /döner=rotary /turna=flamingo
      Dön-der-mek>döndürmek=to turn something
      Dön-eş-mek>dönüşmek=turn (altogether) into something
      Dön-eş-der-mek>dönüştürmek=to convert /transform
      (Edh) Ez-mek=to thin something down by pressing over=to crush /run over
      (Edg) Eğ-mek=to turn something the other way or to a curved shape> to tilt it
      eğim =inclination
      Eğ-el-mek>eğilmek=to get being inclined /bend
      Eğ-et-mek>eğitmek=to educate
      Eğir-mek=to cause it another shape by spin it crosswise around itself
      > eğri=curve,awry >ağrı=crossways >uğru=~aspect of >doğru=true, right direction
      Evirmek= to make it return around itself or transform into another shape
      Çevirmek=turn into/encircle Devirmek =turn outer/overturn
      Eğir-al-mek>eğrilmek=to become a skew /be bended by
      Evir-al-mek>evrilmek=to get a transformation over time
      /evrim=evolution /devrim=revolution /evre=stage
      Uğra-mak>=to get (at) a place or a situation for a certain time=drop by/ stop by
      Uğra-eş-mak>uğraşmak=to drop by (altogether) each other for a certain time=to strive/deal with
      Uğra-et-mak>uğratmak=to put in a situation for a specific time
      Öğre-mek=to get an accumulation above a certain stage
      Öğre-en-mek=to get (at) a knowledge or info level at a certain time> öğrenmek=to learn
      Öğre-et-mek=to make somebody get (at) a knowledge or info level at a certain time=to teach
      Türkçe öğretiyorum =I’m teaching turkish
      İngilizce öğreniyorsun =You’re learning english
      Öğren-i-yor-u-sen (learn

  • @zanderC5953
    @zanderC5953 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

    This timeline shows how relatively recent the concept of language is in human history. It is from there when we can start maintaining written records of historical events. Nothing earlier than 6000 or so years recorded.

    • @baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714
      @baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714 3 วันที่ผ่านมา

      You have that backwards. Humans have been familiar with spoken language much longer than they have been familiar with writen history.

  • @АндрейЗоммер-ц7ш
    @АндрейЗоммер-ц7ш หลายเดือนก่อน +7

    In many African countries, European languages ​​are widely spoken, for example in Angola it has already largely displaced local African dialects. In the Philippines, English is strong. So in these countries, stripe painting would also be local in the modern state.

    • @АндрейЗоммер-ц7ш
      @АндрейЗоммер-ц7ш หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      Portuguese is the official language of Angola. Angolan Portuguese (Portuguese: português de Angola) is a group of dialects and accents of Portuguese used in Angola. In 2005 it was used there by 60% of the population, including by 20% as their first language. The 2016 CIA World Fact Book reports that 12.3 million, or 47% of the population, speaks Portuguese as their first language. However, many parents raise their children to speak only Portuguese. The 2014 census found that 71% speak Portuguese at home, many of them alongside a Bantu language, breaking down to 85% in urban areas and 49% in rural areas.

    • @AmachiEligwe
      @AmachiEligwe หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@АндрейЗоммер-ц7ш ewwww

    • @Porook
      @Porook หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Right. It’s as prevalent there as it is in some still largely indigenous parts of the Americas where it was striped.

    • @baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714
      @baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714 3 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

      But showing second languages would make the map a mess so only native ones count.

    • @Porook
      @Porook 3 วันที่ผ่านมา

      @ then why are mostly native countries like Bolivia painted indo European?

  • @_Painted
    @_Painted หลายเดือนก่อน +6

    I think archaeogenetic evidence on the earliest attested Indo-European populations (Anatolians lacking Eastern Hunter Gatherer admixture) make a southern original homeland (Armenia / Tabaristan) seem more likely. I think Pontic Steppe Indo-Europeans (Yamnaya) were just one early off-shoot of western Indo-Europeans dispersing via seafaring from the Anatolian Black Sea coast (meanwhile the eastern branches of Indo-Europeans were expanding into Bactria-Margiana). Hopefully, more evidence will be found in the future to help prove one theory or the other.

    • @CostasMelas
      @CostasMelas  หลายเดือนก่อน +6

      It is possible that some millennia earlier they were related to migrations of Anatolian farmers, but doubt remains.

    • @Nastya_07
      @Nastya_07 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      Anatolians did have Steppe ancestry, see "The Genetic Origin of the Indo-Europeans" preprint

    • @ddsferd1628
      @ddsferd1628 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

      There's not only archeology, but linguistics too. Only Indo-European and Semitic languages have a gender. Also look at Proto Indo-European, it is closer to Semitic and Caucasian by consonant dominance than to non-gender reach of vocals agglutinative Uralic. If Indo-Europeans were born in the stepps, they would be neighbors of Uralics and shared a lot of common grammatical and phonetics features with them while in fact they have no such common features. On the contrary Uralic and Indo-European have quite different grammar and phonetics.

    • @Nastya_07
      @Nastya_07 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@ddsferd1628 The Steppe borders the Caucasus and is still close to the Middle East, so it doesn't contradict (some being indirect) contacts between IE, Semitic and Caucasian languages
      And IE still has some similarities with Uralic, like in pronouns and some other words like the word for name, and some linguists even postulate that both are genetically related, but this is more debatable

  • @sankhadeepgiri7517
    @sankhadeepgiri7517 หลายเดือนก่อน +9

    It's funny other places colonised by Europeans speaks Indo European now, where India already spoke that waaay before. 😂😂

    • @blazer9547
      @blazer9547 หลายเดือนก่อน +11

      Indo European languages originated in europe, it only reached india very later due to vedic people migration.

  • @pas1994ok
    @pas1994ok หลายเดือนก่อน +4

    Great map but I think that it would have been better with more families

    • @CostasMelas
      @CostasMelas  หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Thank you

  • @gaga7755
    @gaga7755 หลายเดือนก่อน +29

    🇬🇪Georgia, island into a huge ocean of languages, repelled all who came - Afro-Asiatic(Aramaic,Arabian) Indo-European(Scytian, Sarmatian,Persian,Roman,Greek,Russian)
    ქებაჲ და დიდებაჲ ქართულისა ენისაჲ

    • @tranchedecake3897
      @tranchedecake3897 หลายเดือนก่อน +11

      I'm glad the kartvelian languages survived to this day, and sad because caucasian Albanian, Ubykh and Hurrite didn't make it :/
      (Edit: Caucasian Albanian barely made it to this day)

    • @gaga7755
      @gaga7755 หลายเดือนก่อน +7

      @@tranchedecake3897 yees but descendant of albanian is still alive, its called Udi or Udin and is spoken in a few villages in Georgia and Azerbaijan

    • @ddsferd1628
      @ddsferd1628 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

      The Kartvelian family is a sister family of Indo-European one. It is part of Nostratic macrofamily.

    • @tranchedecake3897
      @tranchedecake3897 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@gaga7755 thank you! I'll learn more about it

    • @tranchedecake3897
      @tranchedecake3897 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      @@ddsferd1628 the Nostratic family is linguistics' flat earth theory, very little evidence for huge results.
      One finds 2 languages that share a same sound or similar sounding word, and both languages get classifed in the same family although there are way more evidence against than for. Same for the Altaic family, similar words and grammar (e.g. vowel harmony and agglutination for the main features) could have very well arisen from a sprachbund, although this theory is still more credible.
      But yes, indeed, there are words of the same origins exist in both indo-european and kartvelian languages, like for "heart"/"breast": *kjerd/*m'k'erd in PIE/PK, and ablaut existed in both proto-languages. Once again, this could have arisen from a sprachbund and not a common origin, although it is a much stronger evidence for a common origin than most Nostratic links.
      I also wanted to say that even if the Nostratic theory is proven to be false, that doesn't dismiss the theory of one common human ancestor proto-language to all modern languages. The fact is, that we just don't have enough evidence, or efficient enough methods.

  • @Simpleinfo09
    @Simpleinfo09 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    India had dravidian and austroasiatic languages before indo-aryan languages.
    It would be interesting to see the transition.

  • @AmachiEligwe
    @AmachiEligwe หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    3:52 What's your source on South Cushiti making it as far south as Zimbabwe?.

    • @CostasMelas
      @CostasMelas  หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      Archaeology, Language, and the African Past and also scholar articles in wiley, sciencedirect, researchgate

  • @SirBolsón
    @SirBolsón หลายเดือนก่อน +8

    “Language is a process of free creation; its laws and principles are fixed,
    but the manner in which the principles of generation are used is free and infinitely varied.
    Even the interpretation and use of words involves a process of free creation” by Noam Chomsky.

  • @franckthivant6449
    @franckthivant6449 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Thanx ! :)

    • @CostasMelas
      @CostasMelas  หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      You're welcome :)

  • @muhammadmahinulislam7174
    @muhammadmahinulislam7174 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Yo man,
    add this to your language families playlist.

  • @tysongrubelich832
    @tysongrubelich832 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    Θα ήταν ενδιαφέρον να δούμε ένα βίντεο για πιο κερδοσκοπικές οικογένειες όπως το "Borean"

  • @barsukascool
    @barsukascool หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    5:44
    So you’re telling me that since the colonization of parts of Greenland by Vikings or whoever in ~800 AC, there’s always been Indo-European language pressence on the North Anerican continent?

    • @CostasMelas
      @CostasMelas  หลายเดือนก่อน +5

      Not before 1492, except for a temporary Viking settlement in Newfoundland

    • @barsukascool
      @barsukascool หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@CostasMelas at 5:44, if paused at a specific frame, Indo-European settlement can be seen both in Greenland and in Central America. So either you have made a mistake, or I am indeed correct or it is an editing problem.

    • @HogBurger
      @HogBurger หลายเดือนก่อน

      For Central America, I’m not sure.
      As for Greenland, it had some Viking settlements in the Middle Ages which I believe were eventually abandoned for whatever reason. Although as you know the Danes would eventually return to Greenland and colonize it. While I suppose you could claim that this evidence of an Indo-European presence on North America (since greenland is on the North American Plate and is geographically part of North America), it isn’t part of continental NA.

    • @Melnek1
      @Melnek1 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      @@HogBurger Greenland even has a catholic bishop at some point.

  • @westrim
    @westrim หลายเดือนก่อน +4

    We all live in a langage family.
    A language family
    A language family

  • @aslankhalilov1045
    @aslankhalilov1045 หลายเดือนก่อน +5

    why no turkic languages?

    • @scarymonster5541
      @scarymonster5541 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

      Turkic language rank 7

    • @CostasMelas
      @CostasMelas  หลายเดือนก่อน +4

      It is seventh largest after Dravidian

    • @AlhazredGL
      @AlhazredGL 6 วันที่ผ่านมา

      I would like you to make a video with all the linguistic families that have existed.

  • @bluemym1nd
    @bluemym1nd หลายเดือนก่อน +4

    Nah, where are the 6134E+9 languages of New Guinea?

  • @PerplexPrays
    @PerplexPrays หลายเดือนก่อน +5

    this must have taken a lot of time and effort

  • @insectilluminatigetshrekt5574
    @insectilluminatigetshrekt5574 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

    What happened in Libya and Sudan in 6:10 with some of the green vanishing?

    • @CostasMelas
      @CostasMelas  หลายเดือนก่อน +4

      The colors of colonialism are simply disappearing.

    • @Rafffel-yk7tb
      @Rafffel-yk7tb หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      The Ottoman Empire with Turkish language. Turkish doesn't belong to any of these 5 families

    • @insectilluminatigetshrekt5574
      @insectilluminatigetshrekt5574 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      ​@@CostasMelas some green surely vanished in southeast sudan

  • @leroyurocyon
    @leroyurocyon หลายเดือนก่อน +10

    *Indo-European*
    🇬🇧🤝🇪🇸🤝🇫🇷🤝🇩🇪🤝🇷🇺🤝🇮🇹
    romance 🤝 germanic 🤝 slavic

    • @riteshshirke5189
      @riteshshirke5189 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      forgot the INDO of the indo-european

  • @zombiexdgamer2777
    @zombiexdgamer2777 15 วันที่ผ่านมา +3

    Basque: I have no family 🗿

  • @andrefarfan4372
    @andrefarfan4372 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    Nice video

  • @Progressive2024
    @Progressive2024 25 วันที่ผ่านมา +2

    Can you do Afro asiatic alone?

  • @jeandelepiechat
    @jeandelepiechat หลายเดือนก่อน +12

    it was kind of strange seeing indo-european languages vanish from their homeland for a good millenia

    • @zuraorokamono204
      @zuraorokamono204 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      tbf, their original homeland is probably in Armenia

    • @blazer9547
      @blazer9547 หลายเดือนก่อน

      No, most chances are in pontic steppe Ukraine​@@zuraorokamono204

    • @scarymonster5541
      @scarymonster5541 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      ​@@zuraorokamono204 more like ukraine and russia

    • @zuraorokamono204
      @zuraorokamono204 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      @@scarymonster5541 new theories say they migrated to the Eurasian steppe from somewhere south of the Caucasus, meaning modern Armenia

    • @baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714
      @baltulielkungsgunarsmiezis9714 3 วันที่ผ่านมา

      @@zuraorokamono204 Nop.

  • @jairoel
    @jairoel หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    Amazing.

  • @BacKhaBacKha
    @BacKhaBacKha หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    What about the Austro-Tai family which comprises both Austronesian and Kra-Dai?

    • @scarymonster5541
      @scarymonster5541 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Never exist

    • @Nastya_07
      @Nastya_07 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      Imo very probable, but not an established family yet

  • @SirBolsón
    @SirBolsón หลายเดือนก่อน +18

    I just love how at 0:19 one Indo-European dude just went 'I'm gonna conquer!' & proceeded to conquer everywhere. AND here we are today! 🇪🇺

  • @hoangkimviet8545
    @hoangkimviet8545 หลายเดือนก่อน +34

    I think the Turkic languages should be in this video as well. Anyways, this video is wonderful.

    • @tanhukim9963
      @tanhukim9963 หลายเดือนก่อน +7

      Kanka biz 7. sıradayız 2050 de 8e bile gerileyebiliriz.

    • @leonardo_fratila
      @leonardo_fratila หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@hoangkimviet8545 true

    • @sean668
      @sean668 หลายเดือนก่อน +18

      Turkic languages covered a large area, but the population was actually pretty small

    • @hoangkimviet8545
      @hoangkimviet8545 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      @sean668 About 200 million people is small??

    • @sean668
      @sean668 หลายเดือนก่อน +5

      @@hoangkimviet8545 It used to be much smaller, and today is still small compared to others. There are 700 million people in South America and 1.4 billion in India, and that’s not even every region that speaks Indo-Euro

  • @MomoALTA
    @MomoALTA 4 วันที่ผ่านมา

    i find it fascinating that indo european language group encompasses most of europe but not hungary or basque region

  • @desfighter
    @desfighter หลายเดือนก่อน +7

    AfroAsiatic is the oldest family language, cradle of civilization and the center of the world

  • @Philball-h1u
    @Philball-h1u หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    Disappearance of Astrounesian languages in Southeast China

  • @panosspiliotopoulos2200
    @panosspiliotopoulos2200 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Do you have to recommend bibliography translated in Greek about this?

    • @CostasMelas
      @CostasMelas  หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      I have not found any relevant books and studies in Greek. They all come from english bibliography and articles.

  • @SirBolsón
    @SirBolsón หลายเดือนก่อน +10

    I'd definitely like to see a video on the languages of Middle-Earth by JRR TOLKIEN as it would be an interesting spin on your type of channel! 😄

  • @Redjoekido
    @Redjoekido 9 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

    I wonder what language was spoken in Australia before the arrival of Austronesians.

    • @scarymonster5541
      @scarymonster5541 8 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

      Native language of australia

    • @AlhazredGL
      @AlhazredGL 6 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

      The Austronecians never lived in Australia, and the languages they speak are Pitjantjantjara and others that still exist.

  • @mayo10er
    @mayo10er หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    한국, 일본, 몽골, 터키, 헝가리, 우즈벡, 위구르, 야쿠트...
    목술구조에 조사있는 초원의 길 언어들은 공백.

    • @SamHsia_08
      @SamHsia_08 27 วันที่ผ่านมา

      You are Turkic languages

  • @leonardo_fratila
    @leonardo_fratila หลายเดือนก่อน +7

    And again the purple please comes at the end of the video😅. Excelent video as always!❤🫡

    • @CostasMelas
      @CostasMelas  หลายเดือนก่อน +3

      Thank you

    • @ddsferd1628
      @ddsferd1628 หลายเดือนก่อน

      In the future all the globe will be purple😎

  • @Assassin-qr4kk
    @Assassin-qr4kk หลายเดือนก่อน +7

    You should've added to the map, Altaic and Amerindian. Great video, anyways!

    • @cosmosapian628
      @cosmosapian628 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

      There are many Amerindian families without any relationship between them.

  • @elvenrights2428
    @elvenrights2428 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Afroasiatic languages in middle of Sahara in 4000 BC? This part is inhospitable even today with all the available technology.

    • @Nastya_07
      @Nastya_07 หลายเดือนก่อน +6

      The Sahara used to not be a desert

  • @Sadoyasturadoglu
    @Sadoyasturadoglu หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    What is the definition of "largest"?

    • @SaintThomasAquinas1
      @SaintThomasAquinas1 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

      Spoken by the most people as of right now.

    • @Sadoyasturadoglu
      @Sadoyasturadoglu 29 วันที่ผ่านมา

      @@SaintThomasAquinas1But here there are 5.

    • @SaintThomasAquinas1
      @SaintThomasAquinas1 29 วันที่ผ่านมา

      @@Sadoyasturadoglu It is the five largest language families, meaning that these five are the ones spoken by the most people.

    • @Sadoyasturadoglu
      @Sadoyasturadoglu 29 วันที่ผ่านมา

      @@SaintThomasAquinas1 If so, it should have said top 5. Since it said "The largest language families" in the video title, I asked what it was "largest".

  • @machun9793
    @machun9793 28 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

    hope can see you release a history map video about Wales

  • @alexangelo1998
    @alexangelo1998 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    You made a video about the Nilo-Saharan, Denisei-Yeniseian languages, although they are not generally recognized, but why haven’t you touched on the Altaic (Trans-Eurasian) languages ​​yet?

    • @CostasMelas
      @CostasMelas  หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      I will make this hypothesis later.

  • @pellizcacristales
    @pellizcacristales หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    I think that you forgot about Equatorial Guinea, they speak Spanish there.

  • @manifestasisanubari
    @manifestasisanubari หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    It would be interesting to see Dravidian languages before the coming of Indo-European to south India as many of them claim that Dravidian or specifically Tamil is the oldest language. And also the borrowing of Malay (Austronesian) words from Sanskrit (Indo-European) and Dravidian, alongside many more like Arabic (Semitic), etc.

  • @haysnairefohdir4182
    @haysnairefohdir4182 หลายเดือนก่อน +6

    Proud Austronesian

  • @diegoalbertoragotpadra9139
    @diegoalbertoragotpadra9139 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

    hi, would you like to do videos more or less related to the histories of certains endonyms and exonyms (for places and tribes, if you like toponyms and exonyms)???

    • @leonardo_fratila
      @leonardo_fratila หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      @@diegoalbertoragotpadra9139 yes that is a good idea

    • @CostasMelas
      @CostasMelas  หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Interesting idea for the future

  • @emrahaci5124
    @emrahaci5124 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Ural-Altay dil ailesi haritada neden yok?

    • @Nastya_07
      @Nastya_07 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      Not a family, only a typological area

  • @AmachiEligwe
    @AmachiEligwe หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    I think you could have added up to 5 or even 10 other large language families but I guess some of them are less studies than the ones you included so would have way more uncertainty.

  • @tyrion6486
    @tyrion6486 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Could you make more language maps, like languages of India or Southeast Asia.

  • @barsukascool
    @barsukascool หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Why is the map weirdly stretched?

    • @HfrdH4
      @HfrdH4 14 วันที่ผ่านมา

      If you’re talking about the slanted lines in certain areas, it’s because there are multiple different language families spoken in those areas, so it wouldn’t make sense to fully colour those areas in

    • @barsukascool
      @barsukascool 14 วันที่ผ่านมา

      @@HfrdH4 no it’s literally streched down fsr

  • @FranticErrors
    @FranticErrors หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Nice but there needs to be native american language families

  • @zanzamaha-z1o
    @zanzamaha-z1o 23 วันที่ผ่านมา +2

    i have wanted this video

  • @Rivan98
    @Rivan98 18 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

    Can you also do the spread of the latin alphabet?

    • @CostasMelas
      @CostasMelas  17 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

      I have made some videos about the spread of the alphabet across different continents.

  • @xXxSkyViperxXx
    @xXxSkyViperxXx 29 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

    i can guess some of the other primary language families not shown in the video

  • @kennykentus2919
    @kennykentus2919 หลายเดือนก่อน +6

    You can nicely see many migrations. Turkish and Hungarian into Pannonia and Anatolia. Europeans into Siberia, Americas and bit of an Africa. Basques and Sami people are the only ancient indigenous people of Europe (also I think native Sardinian or Corsican langue is still surviving non-Indoeuropean language)
    Lot's of assimilation also such as Sinicization and Arabization of East Asia and North Africa.

  • @huynhphat369
    @huynhphat369 หลายเดือนก่อน +7

    Make about the History of South American Indigenous languages, please 🙏

  • @kaanalpkaratas6091
    @kaanalpkaratas6091 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Where is Ural-Altaic?

    • @Nastya_07
      @Nastya_07 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      Not a language family, only a typological zone

    • @kaanalpkaratas6091
      @kaanalpkaratas6091 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @Nastya_07 In this sense, Indo-European shouldn't be a family too. Can an English and an Indian communicate besides numbers? This video is biased.

    • @Nastya_07
      @Nastya_07 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@kaanalpkaratas6091 No modern linguist considers Ural-Altaic a family, the families only share typological features which doesn't indicate genetic relationship and in fact, the case for the Indo-Uralic hypothesis (proposed genetic relationship between Indo-European and Uralic) is much stronger than Ural-Altaic, though Indo-Uralic is still debatable

    • @kaanalpkaratas6091
      @kaanalpkaratas6091 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @Nastya_07 Modern linguist= Noam Chomsky. He supports kurdish terrorist organization and his political views mix with his scientific findings. He is biased too. I'm not saying Ural-Altaic peoples have genetic similarity. These languages have shared words much like in other language families. Genetic similarity between these kilometres far away peoples will always be far away.

    • @scarymonster5541
      @scarymonster5541 หลายเดือนก่อน

      ​@@kaanalpkaratas6091 explain to me why chadian have r1b but they spoke nilo-saharan and afro-asiatic languages?

  • @milasudril
    @milasudril 10 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Apparently, native americans had no language

    • @scarymonster5541
      @scarymonster5541 8 วันที่ผ่านมา

      This video is meant for top 5 the most spoken language family in the world

  • @karolpalion2883
    @karolpalion2883 2 วันที่ผ่านมา

    I wish Turkic was shown here as well.

  • @sunduncan1151
    @sunduncan1151 28 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

    Pre-Austronesian is closely related to Kra-Dai (Tai-Kadai), Hmong-Mien and possibly Japonic, under Austric macrofamily. Sino-Tibetan also shares some lexicon with Austric due to geographic proximity and Na-Dene languages in the Caucasus, Siberia and North America.

  • @XandieFireman
    @XandieFireman หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    Indo-European may have lost Turkey(Asia Minor), but eventually gained the new world

  • @ShafiqullahSalemi
    @ShafiqullahSalemi 28 วันที่ผ่านมา +2

    زبان هایی پارسی وپشتو ❤🇦🇫🇮🇷

  • @llnn-i6i
    @llnn-i6i 4 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Where is Altaic?

    • @Randoom1836
      @Randoom1836 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Not a language family

  • @adnan_honest_jihadist5775
    @adnan_honest_jihadist5775 หลายเดือนก่อน

    you mean great language familiies bcs they contain language families too which in turn contain divisions of subdivisions. also why no turanic languages? turkic, altaic & uralic?

    • @scarymonster5541
      @scarymonster5541 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Turkic language are at 7th

    • @haitike
      @haitike หลายเดือนก่อน

      The videos says 5 biggest families.
      Turkic is 7th. Uralic is too small.
      Altaic and Turanic are considered obsolete nowadays and no longer valid by linguistics.

    • @Nastya_07
      @Nastya_07 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Ural-Altaic is a typological zone, not a language family

  • @AmachiEligwe
    @AmachiEligwe หลายเดือนก่อน

    Goddamn TH-cam Deleting stuff.
    You put Chadic in the Tassil N'ajjer but cultural evidence also puts Fulani there, so were Fulani initially Chadic speakers, Niger-Congo still ave branches that far north even then or what?.

  • @Eastern_Egale
    @Eastern_Egale หลายเดือนก่อน +6

    Iranic 🇮🇷🇹🇯🇦🇫 + Kurdestan Ossetia and Talysh !!!

    • @ibrahimhercules9466
      @ibrahimhercules9466 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Tajik language👄💬👄💬👄💬👄💬👄💬

    • @ibrahimhercules9466
      @ibrahimhercules9466 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Tajikistan🇹🇯 🇰🇿🇰🇬🇹🇲🇺🇿🇦🇫

    • @ibrahimhercules9466
      @ibrahimhercules9466 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Tajik flag not Kurdish

  • @lexicdark
    @lexicdark หลายเดือนก่อน

    Indigenous Australia has population using their language all throughout from before the start of your time span. Needs some work on that front.

    • @scarymonster5541
      @scarymonster5541 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

      Read the title carefully

    • @lexicdark
      @lexicdark หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      @@scarymonster5541 So, the listed austronesian language group traveled backwards? Sure, sounds legit, NOT.
      There are over 200 languages of the indigenous Australians, which also have the highest genetic diversity of all peoples. (which also, incidentally, appear on the west coast of India). I suppose we shouldn't let the facts get in the way of a good story.

    • @scarymonster5541
      @scarymonster5541 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      @@lexicdark what exactly are you trying to says?

    • @lexicdark
      @lexicdark หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      @@scarymonster5541 I read the heading, so obviously I do not understand your comment. Please be more specific- what are you trying to say? I can do several languages including English but I am not good at bad English.

  • @HoradrimBR
    @HoradrimBR หลายเดือนก่อน

    Wouldn't most of Africa be partially indoeuropean from late 1800's onwards?

    • @dolphingoreeaccount7395
      @dolphingoreeaccount7395 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      It does, and then around the 1960s it reverted again due to anticolonialism

    • @SaintThomasAquinas1
      @SaintThomasAquinas1 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@dolphingoreeaccount7395 In terms of written languages they still remain.

  • @renatocampos3114
    @renatocampos3114 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    Good video
    But it would be much better if you had included more families, especially the Turkic language family. They may not have as many people as the others, but their impact on the history of Eurasia was immense, definitively expelling the Indo-Europeans from Central Asia and Anatolia.

  • @anicebirb5936
    @anicebirb5936 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    Hi, where are the Altaic languages or even the Turkic languages (I'm asking why are they not clearly shown with colors)? Because Atlantic-Congo languages are only about 30 million while Altaic are 350 million or even more. Turkic langs are over 170 million

    • @456t23
      @456t23 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

      Atlantic Congo Languages spoken by more than 500 million people

    • @scarymonster5541
      @scarymonster5541 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Turkic at 7th

    • @haitike
      @haitike หลายเดือนก่อน

      Why do you think Atlantic-Congo is spoken only by 30 million?
      It is the main family in Sub-saharan Africa and there is a lot of people there.

    • @zombiexdgamer2777
      @zombiexdgamer2777 13 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Altaic is a myth it started that why cause theres some similarities but those similarities are just borrowed words and having a long historical relation but are not actually related

  • @fethullahspolyglotdaily3999
    @fethullahspolyglotdaily3999 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Indo-European 💪💪

    • @ShafiqullahSalemi
      @ShafiqullahSalemi 28 วันที่ผ่านมา

      ❤indo European 🇦🇫🇦🇲🇨🇮🇩🇪🇬🇧🇪🇸🇮🇷🇮🇳🇮🇹🇬🇷🇷🇺🇹🇯❤

  • @huynhphat369
    @huynhphat369 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

    The Proto-Sino-Tibetan language was probably not where it is shown on the map from 4000 - 3000 BC, but probably somewhere in Xinjiang or Central Asia.
    It may have been distantly related to Proto-Dené-Yenisian and (Pre?-)Proto-Burushaski.

    • @king_halcyon
      @king_halcyon หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      Can you elaborate? I think its origin in the Yellow River valley is pretty clear and accepted

  • @aminmeherremli343
    @aminmeherremli343 27 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Altaic????

  • @saitamapose
    @saitamapose 29 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

    Koreanic and Japonic❤❤❤