You realize these videos take a lot of skill and time to make. No way your average professor, even if really good as explaining things, is going to have the time nor skillset to produce such videos.
Hey there! Thanks for your comment. While I appreciate your positive feedback, I couldn't find any reference to keyboards in your comment. However, if you're interested in optimizing your desktop setup, a handy tool I recommend is the HOTO Compressed Air Capsule. It's a compact device that offers powerful vacuuming and blowing capabilities, perfect for keeping your keyboard and other areas clean. It's reasonably priced and has some great features. Check it out! 🛠⌨️
As always incredible level of animation, is it possible to make a behind the seat video where you explain how your animations are made, how long it takes etc. I think it would be really interesting for the audience.
Hey {{3}}, I totally agree with your suggestion! A behind-the-scenes video explaining the process of creating those incredible animations would be super interesting. It would give the audience a deeper understanding of the time and effort it takes to produce such high-quality content. I'm always fascinated by the creative aspects of technology. Keep up the great work! 💪🖥🎬
Sorry to inform you, but the click mechanism explained is incorrect. The click in not produced by snapping of metal contact points of the leaf, but when the click jacket(white part below blue stem) strikes the bottom of the stem or the switch.
In fact, a click creates a blow of a plastic cap on the upper face of a mechanical button. The sharper and stronger pressing, the louder this sound. If you press the button slowly, or do not push the keycap to the lowest position, the sound of this keyboard is much quieter. For "blue" mechanical buttons, an additional sound is created by the impact of… that white element on the bottom of the button. It is also enhanced by keycap. The sound of the membrane keyboard is muffled by rubber dome. There is no such thing in mechanical buttons, so the sound is stronger. If you put a rubber ring between the keycap and + thing on the button, the sound from pressing will also be quieter.
@@94D33M Rather not, I'm not well versed in the keyboard market, I just know approximately how they work. And I'm not even sure that a 100% silent keyboard is exists, there will always be at least some noise from moving parts. All I can advise is to go to a real store and listen with your own ears, instead of believing ads like “Wow! This keyboard is really silent!”. . . . Although there are 2 more or less silent options ... but you obviously won't like them. "Laser keyboard" and a tablet with a virtual keyboard. There are no moving parts - nothing to make noise, but they are far from comfortable.
@@94D33M there are no silent kb that doesnt make any sound. the only nearest to silent is touch like on smartphone. or something like a laser keyboard but they are really not practical to use as daily keyboard. you only have 2 choices, membrane cheap and feels like trash. and mechanical kb with silent switch. but both are not really silent tho.
If you hit keys on membrane keyboard rather then press it is very loud. Trash cheap keyboard without metal base plate drums times louder then clicky Cherry MX Blue.
I am a CS student and this is really fascinating to watch 😄 I always thought how all these keys can be taken in account with such small amount of input lines ..the concept was matrices was amazing and inspiring
Mind you, the input shown was the super-budget option that minimizes complexity. The tradeoff is that when you press more keys at once, there are combinations where the controller is unable to tell which and how many are pressed in total. More expensive keyboards will have different control layouts that allow for more keys to be pressed simultaneously.
this is a really good explanation of how keyboards work. however, one thing to note is that mechanical keyboard clicks on clicky switches generally come from a click mechanism, not the contact between the metal leaves. this can best be demonstrated by using a key switch without a click mechanism, such as a linear switch. which will generally be much quieter than clicky switches. other than that, most of your information is correct. keep up the great work!
there are more than 1 type of mechanical keys. -blue and brown: clicky/tactile, giving a bump and a click(blue is loud) -red and black: linear, smooth all the way(black is harder to press) -Etc
I want to correct you at 8:15, the “slider” isn’t there on most switches and is mostly just a clicky [blue] switch thing and the slider and stem are one of the same on most switches. On clicky switches it’s commonly called a click jacket because it’s what makes that click sound. When the click jacket passes the tactical bump I’m pretty sure the contacts act like a leaf spring and slam the click jacket to the bottom of the switch thus making a click noise. The contacts also don’t make much noise on activation point if at all.
Started to watch this channel when I was a college student, now after 4 years, I'm an Engineer at Amazon and still watch this awesome videos. Whoever is behind this channel, you're exceptional :)
You sir are a a real contributor of knowledge to the world. Your videos should be standard material in universities :) Complex topics explained in an easy, understandable and awesome visualized way! Keep on going, THIS is what youtube really needs, not the 1000th channel about some crap....
05:40 this appears to be wrong. If the L and A keys are pressed there is always a connection to the sixth row and there will be no voltage drop, in other words the keyboard can’t register those two buttons being pressed at the same time.
This is one of the few channels where I don't skip the sponsor segment. This is all super fascinating and I love to learn about whatever. Literally whatever. As long as it is in this format. Sent from my mechanical keyboard.
I came to know about this channel through Arduino forum. When I was very much doubted about how the very so small things work in SoCs and ICs. One of the people sent me a video explaining all this, as the video ended, I just blasted that subscribe button! The thing which people learnt in colleges, I know now only when I am just 15 years old!
@@rabjkasbhHea yeah i was wonderingg the same hee coments on every branch eeducation video( dont mind the two lettters instead of one, my keyboard does that thing)
I bought a NuPhy Air96 a few months ago and I’d never go back to a non-mechanical keyboard. The feel and sound of a mechanical keyboard is such a delight!
This was an awesome video! I think one thing to note is the specific mechanic switch type you showed was a clicky switch, which is not the only design regime. There's generally two other mechanical designs (which are separate from new hall effect switches as well!) The slider present in these switches is separate from the stem as they're intended to "Bottom out" the slider separate from your key stem. That's used to create a tactile AND audible feedback for when the actuation occurs. Which is why typists prefer that switch. However, linear and tactile switches are different. The "slider" portion is actually a part of the stem, it's all one piece. For linear switches, this means there's no tactility aside from the stem bottom and topping out, so no feedback on when the leaf springs makes contact. This is because there is no valley in the stem's point of contact with the leaf spring. It just slides past the leaf spring smoothly. Tactile switches use the same valley to engage the leaf spring to give you a tactile indication of actuation but no audible "click" feedback, since it's all one piece and that slider doesn't slam into the bottom of the switch housing. Again, great video! The animations were superb.
i just amazed to see , what a marveous 3d editing ? how much efforts are inserted to make this topic cleareley understandable. Thank you for making such educational video for free .
It is fun to watch technical content that is so accurate and correct. I thought it was going to be a thing about the USB specification scan code map, the boot protocol, and report based keyboard class interfaces, but you did something better, less USB focused and more keyboards in general.
As someone who has a mechanical keyboard, his information about mechanical keyboard is incorrect and incomplete and I feel he should have done a bit more research since a lot of information about mech keyboards are out there since the pandemic, from Tahea Types and Switch & Click.
For some reason I always thought that all the computing to find out which key was pressed was done by the actual computer, thank you. Your videos are amazing
I would love if you guys did a video like this that shows us how you make these kinds of videos. Like how you go from getting the physical item and how you break it down and model it on a computer. That would fascinating!
Ah yes, mechanical keyboards, a very talked point on rhythm game communities since its said that mechanical keyboards can improve how you play not only for the more tactile feeling but also from higher pooling rates (the rate of the "pulses" that is talked about at 5:15).
@@naturegirl1999 The polling rate is how often the keyboard sends data to the computer, so response time can be faster. This can be hundreds or thousands of hertz.
@@naturegirl1999 as @DiskPartition said, it's the USB side of things. Keyboards don't just send data as they get it, but they get asked by the computer x times a second, where x is the polling rate, "Hey, any new keypresses?" That has nothing to do with the switches of the keyboard, rather, just the control electronics.
Wonderfully produced video as always, but there are some errors/incorrect definitions worth noting; 1:14: The 104 'keys' are actually 'keycaps'. 1:24: The rubber dome sheet isn't under the keys, it is the keys (the actuation mechanism). 1:41: At the start you mention the cost of wired office keyboard, but are now discussing a wireless one which isn't a big deal, but a little misleading. 2:24: I'd phrase it 'when the user presses down on the 'keycap' or 'when the key is pressed, the rubber dome collapses'. This is an issue of calling the keycap a key 5:23: (might be incorrect) Would have been good to explicity call this polling rate and give the frequency in Hz. 5:27: I could be wrong here, but scanning is constant. You can't start scanning when you detect a key because you need to be scanning to detect the key in the first place. 8:05: Not all of them click, but given the target audience this makes sense. 8:12: Ironically, you call these keycaps on the mechanical keyboard but not the membrane one. 8:16: An unfortunate side effect of using Cherry MX blues as the example switch is that this slider design is unique to click-jacket switches and isn't representative of linear, tactile, and other clicky switch designs. The slider in MX blues is more commonly called a 'click jacket' because it's separate from the blue stem and pole. 8:53: This is just incorrect. The leaves contacting each other is not the source of the clicking sound in any MX-style switch. The actual souce of the click is the click jacket hitting the bottom housing. The pole hitting the bottom housing creates that 'clack' sound. 9:04: You also actually never explained why this switch is tactile. The animation shows it, but it is not explained. 9:00: Again calling the keycap a 'key'. 9:11: The stem and slider in MX blues is actually separated to create hysteresis. What you described is travel distance to actuate the switch, which all MX-style mechanical switches have (typically around 2mm). 9:37: Eh, I would argue most rubber domes are more tactile than MX blues. 9:40: The keycap hitting the rubber dome isn't the source of tactility, the collapsing of the rubber dome is.
Holy crap, your production value and attention to detail has skyrocketed. I imagine those 3d models take a while to build, let alone animate, but they make things so much easier to understand. Thank you!
I am amazed at how accurately the L K270 keyboard is modeled. It is actually my daily driver I typed this with. And due to coffee spills, I have had it apart and rinsed it out so I know the internals well, and it still works. You can actually run the shell and the keys through the dishwasher and then let it dry out completely.
This channel, that I only found out abt days ago, is amazing. Not only do you answer questions I've had, but also many I - by seeing your thumbnails - wasn't aware of I wanted answered. You do it in such a tremendous way as well! How easy you explain it, is paradoxically not easy. It takes skill to do that in the educational way as you do. Simple and straight to the point. Other than the sponsor section, no time is wasted on anything irrelevant to the content. To me, honestly, that is such a relief - to listen to something that is professional and entertaining, without any annoyance or irrelevancy. Real chill too, with the calm way it's explained. What's so impressive, I think, is you do it the same way in every video - no matter the topic. Many of which are complex. Still, whether it's graphic cards or lithium batteries, inside 30-ish minutes, you make it so anyone can understand it. So, respect! Great video! Great channel!
This video is amazing! I've always wondered how things work as a kid, pulling old things apart and asking my dad 21 questions a day. I wish videos like this existed back then. Have you guys made a video on LCD screens and how they connect to desktop towers?
This videos feels both like an orgasm to the brain by finally understanding all this tech to its finests details, and an orgasm to the eyes. Those animations are beautiful, smooth and so close to real... I can't believe people can access this for free...
The "mechanical keyboard" part is so narrow that it can misrepresent this type of device to viewers who don't know anything else about them, and will perpetuate the old myth about mechanical keyboards being incredibly overpriced without offering any benefit in return. "The switches are soldered in." It is not a defining factor - they don't have to be, most enthusiast boards would offer hotswap sockets, and many people won't even consider a non-hotswap board these days because swapping switches for a different feel (or to repair) is a major selling point of mechanical keyboards. "It has LEDs." It is not a defining factor - not all mechanical keyboards have LEDs. Most enthusiast keycaps are not shine-through in the first place. The switch pictured is a "click jacket" type of clicky switch - incidentally, the switch with the worst reputation in the community. There are physically different clicky switches with better sound signatures, but more importantly - most prefer linear or tactile switches that do not intentionally produce a click, and offer a feel different from membrane keyboards, desirable both for gaming and typing. There are also "silent" switches which are even quiter. Mechanical keyboards can make less noise than membrane keyboards - clicks are not a defining factor. And sure enough, switches also come in low-profile variants as well. And I'm not even talking about game-breaking analog switches, like on Wooting boards. To drive the point home: one of the common budget keyboards is a Tester68 (no LEDs, not soldered, 68% layout) with Gateron Milky Yellow switches (linear, so not clicking) and XDA PBT keycaps (not shine-through, likely white). It's still plastic and tray-mounted, but has silicone and foam that dampens the sound. And it's about $50. Nothing was said about different layouts that mechanical keyboards offer, replacable keycaps and keycap profiles, PCB/plate mounting types, polling rates, or programmable firmware (QMK). Yes, technically this video - based on the script and the thumbnail - is about comparing a dirt-cheap basic keyboard to one that costs 50 times more... but it's also titled "How do computer keyboards work?", which is a way more general and neutral topic. Given how effective this channel's 3D work is, people may consider the information presented to be equally flawless, yet as I've noticed several times - it is not. So, if you made it this far into reading this comment - just be aware of that fact when watching these videos.
everything you said is correct. But the most good keyboard is the one you buy and use it till it breaks. There's no fun in trying to get the best keypads when YOU can make the "fail point" be the best with training, and a lot of it.
Yeah I do think these problems should be addressed. It isn't like he doesn't make half hour long videos, but maybe he wants to split it into a series? Something critical missing is the n-keyroll over, I think it is a fair point to bring up this problem since it affects gamers and fast typists. I also think he should mention that there are different types of switches out there, I think optoelectric and hall effect switches will get more popular, and they seem to perform better and last longer.
While it is very well made, it would have been better to show the benefits of mechanical keyboards like N-key rollover and anti-ghosting as well as a virtually infinitely longer life for each switch.
I think it might be useful to add that in 5:45 the voltage input on „row 6” goes down because „turning a column off” means connecting it directly to the ground thus making the current flow that way (cause there is only cable resistance there) rather then through higher resistent microcontroler - which explains 0V on row 6 input.
As a professional mechanical engineer, these videos are amazing. The effort required for research and animation is superb. I personally hate mechanical keyboards because the sounds they make are obnoxious. I prefer short stroke laptop type keyboards, which are quiet yet satisfying on a tactile level. If you're in school for engineering, FINISH AND GRADUATE. The world needs us, and you'll be successful and move us forward, no matter the path. Where I live, Sacramento, CA - starting salary is $90-115k, depending on discipline.
Saw the thumbnail and entered wishing for some amazing visuals and got my satisfaction along with a better understanding to the topic Definitely gonna watch more videos from this channel
Annnnd that's why I'm here watching this video today. A set of my laptop keys stopped working. 15 of them to be exact, scattered around in seemingly random order. Except, I presumed they are all on the same common path. This video confirms that. Yay, but also sad for broken keyboard.
LIST_Of_POINT_MISSING 1> Where are the explanations of the keyboard about the thing named scan-code (all models, classic or mechanical). 2> Where are all the explanations of how the keyboard detects and then the internal logic used for the detection 3> Where are the explanations in case of key conflict 4> Where are the explanations for taking into account button modifiers 5> Where are the elements given to the computer for a HID type component 6> Where is the speed info, the values given are not all the same for all keyboards 8> Where is the information about the wireless communication protocol 9> Where is the information about pooling rate 10> Where is the info on the total of max button use of a keyboard according to the type 11> Where is the info for the RGB part of the keyboard you showed 12> Where are the sources for average prices for your 2 keyboards 13> where is point number 7 from this list (ou read again and you not see the line before) you must specify that this is one of the layout models that there may be but that it does not represent all wireless keyboard models not all keyboard models have the same layout and are not all wireless, so the grid you show it's not full correct, but not explain other thing, how the thing work for the "microprocesscor", wrong word for first, remove the last C letter small search on google and i found lot of other model for the "plastic sheets" and the rubber part we know exactly how DRAM works in detail with a lot of info, but we know exactly for 1 model, but not all the info for any guy want know more detail about all missing point from this video watch the video ID " N0O5Uwc3C0o " or " wdgULBpRoXk " or " 2lPzTU-3ONI " for me it's mainly a product placement video, it's a shame, I expected to see the details of the summary and common operation of a mechanical keyboard 7> Where are the typical elements of your video like the intro and the outro to show the branches we watching 14> congratulations, you have just read point number 7, you could make a video with all the information required to make a real video like the mouse
As a guy who had to open his keyboard to clean it i can confirm - the fact that mine is a simple wired one so no need to batteries and what ever just a wire coming out of the chip stright to the pc
I realize this this is just an introduction to how keyboards work, but just wanted to add that, each key is assigned a number, Space=32 , Enter=13 and the letter "E" =69. known as the ASCII Code.on pressing each key, the processor detects this, outputs the number the key generates, and sends it to the computer.
That’s the same keyboard when you start duping the keyboards to show bulk, that’s the same keyboard I use for gaming, it’s a bit loud, but it works, and my brother ripped off the escape key, and I used the keypad keys as a replacement, and I have the wired version
finally a proper explanation! :D thank you for the fancy animations. for this visual quality and the easy-to-understand explanation, i can tolerate the sponsor section :)
I don’t think you hit the mark on the mechanical key switch sound. The contact leaves don’t make any noise. The model you show, with a separate slider and stem, is from a “blue”-style switch. The slider is held up by the contact leaf that it is touching. When pressed far enough for the contacts to touch, the slider is designed to fall down (in your animation, it stays up even though nothing is holding it up) and it bounces against the bottom of the switch housing, and that is what makes the rattly click noise associated with that type of mechanical switch. Other varieties of clicky switch generate noise in a variety of ways. Linear mechanical key switches have the slider and stem as one part and they typically only make a sound when the switch is pressed down all the way, and the slider impacts the bottom of the switch housing.
I wish you'd gone into more detail about the mechanics of the rubber dome, like how its shape affects the hysteresis of the stress-strain curve, and thus the tactile feel. And the reason why discrete-switch (or "mechanical") keyboards became popular for playing games wasn't mentioned. It's that the cheap key matrix can't distinguish keys that form a right angle on it, and thus many 3-key combinations are blocked. This can be solved by including a diode on each cross point, but that's way more complicated than just mass producing printed plastic sheets. But for discrete switches they're just a cheap additional component.
try taking a look at the wooting HE. You can buy the individual switches for rather cheap if the full $200 is a bit much. It uses the hall effect to have full analogue input on every single switch.
Good description. And there are side effects like ghosting and rollover that you've glossed over. The use of diodes to prevent ghosting. But the production values are very good and this is a great introduction to keyboard design.
Actually, the clock sound of the colicky switches is produced not by leaves hitting, but by the slider hitting the bottom housing. What is clever is the leaves holding the slider in place while the switch actuates just before the switch activates and the slider is sent down
Something I wish you covered waa aliasing with cheaper keyboards. Sometimes when 2 keys are pressed together it creates weird and unwanted outputs which isnt a common issue for office work but can be a major problem for gaming which is a large reason mechanical keyboards became so popular for gamers.
I bought a "premium" rubber dome keyboard (G19) because I found out I could not do the 360 in the San Andreas driving school as it requires me to press 3 keys at the same time which isn't compatible with the matrix and causes the computer to beep for some reason. The G19 had 5 key rollover. This was before I knew about the advantages of mechanical keyboards, as I was obsessed with G19's screen. I kinda wish there was a mech keyboard that had G19's screen.
The click mechanism is actually incorrectly described, as due to the low mass and force of the contacts. In addition, what creates the audible clicking sound, as with the blue switches used in the video, is due to a click jacket, or slider in this video, that is separate to the main stem itself. When depressed, the tactile bump in the legs of the jacket create a hammering motion through the release of accumulated potential kinetic energy stored by a combination of spring tension and the tactile bump interlocking with the leaf spring, causing the jacket to catastrophically collide with the bottom housing of the switch, creating your "click".
Hi Branch education. I appreciate you for promoting STEM on your channel. Here are some ideas for future videos: how central processing units work. How gaming consoles work. How chips are made. How quantum computers work. How analog computers work. How transistors work.
I am a Computer Engineering Student, I wish this is how our professors visualize and teach us electronics
Same
for real i have the same wish 😟😟😪
You realize these videos take a lot of skill and time to make. No way your average professor, even if really good as explaining things, is going to have the time nor skillset to produce such videos.
Hey there fellow human with same pfp
@@addanametocontinue that's why we have this channel and we appreciate the collective effort!
The production level is amazing and yet very underrated
it has 1.1m subscriber later this will have a million views. you dont even know what underrated means.
how you can come with 'underrated' statement
Underated is such overated word right now.
Tired old cliche from someone who’s only just found the channel. Goon.
@@religionbuster7180 should have at least 5-10 mil subs and at least 10-15 million views on each vid
The editing and visuals in your videos are superb. Thank you for sharing such informative and high-quality content.
Hey there! Thanks for your comment. While I appreciate your positive feedback, I couldn't find any reference to keyboards in your comment. However, if you're interested in optimizing your desktop setup, a handy tool I recommend is the HOTO Compressed Air Capsule. It's a compact device that offers powerful vacuuming and blowing capabilities, perfect for keeping your keyboard and other areas clean. It's reasonably priced and has some great features. Check it out! 🛠⌨️
@@innovativeadvertising6463 no
Oh, the sponsor of the HDD video I see.
As always incredible level of animation, is it possible to make a behind the seat video where you explain how your animations are made, how long it takes etc. I think it would be really interesting for the audience.
Hey {{3}}, I totally agree with your suggestion! A behind-the-scenes video explaining the process of creating those incredible animations would be super interesting. It would give the audience a deeper understanding of the time and effort it takes to produce such high-quality content. I'm always fascinated by the creative aspects of technology. Keep up the great work! 💪🖥🎬
I was scrooling to write the same commentary
Yes
Indeed
Sorry to inform you, but the click mechanism explained is incorrect. The click in not produced by snapping of metal contact points of the leaf, but when the click jacket(white part below blue stem) strikes the bottom of the stem or the switch.
In fact, a click creates a blow of a plastic cap on the upper face of a mechanical button. The sharper and stronger pressing, the louder this sound.
If you press the button slowly, or do not push the keycap to the lowest position, the sound of this keyboard is much quieter.
For "blue" mechanical buttons, an additional sound is created by the impact of… that white element on the bottom of the button. It is also enhanced by keycap.
The sound of the membrane keyboard is muffled by rubber dome. There is no such thing in mechanical buttons, so the sound is stronger. If you put a rubber ring between the keycap and + thing on the button, the sound from pressing will also be quieter.
Thanks. I love learning
Could you suggest any silent keyboard that does not make any sound at all ?
@@94D33M Rather not, I'm not well versed in the keyboard market, I just know approximately how they work. And I'm not even sure that a 100% silent keyboard is exists, there will always be at least some noise from moving parts.
All I can advise is to go to a real store and listen with your own ears, instead of believing ads like “Wow! This keyboard is really silent!”.
.
.
.
Although there are 2 more or less silent options ... but you obviously won't like them. "Laser keyboard" and a tablet with a virtual keyboard. There are no moving parts - nothing to make noise, but they are far from comfortable.
@@94D33M there are no silent kb that doesnt make any sound. the only nearest to silent is touch like on smartphone. or something like a laser keyboard but they are really not practical to use as daily keyboard. you only have 2 choices, membrane cheap and feels like trash. and mechanical kb with silent switch. but both are not really silent tho.
If you hit keys on membrane keyboard rather then press it is very loud. Trash cheap keyboard without metal base plate drums times louder then clicky Cherry MX Blue.
I am a CS student and this is really fascinating to watch 😄 I always thought how all these keys can be taken in account with such small amount of input lines ..the concept was matrices was amazing and inspiring
Mind you, the input shown was the super-budget option that minimizes complexity. The tradeoff is that when you press more keys at once, there are combinations where the controller is unable to tell which and how many are pressed in total. More expensive keyboards will have different control layouts that allow for more keys to be pressed simultaneously.
this is a really good explanation of how keyboards work. however, one thing to note is that mechanical keyboard clicks on clicky switches generally come from a click mechanism, not the contact between the metal leaves. this can best be demonstrated by using a key switch without a click mechanism, such as a linear switch. which will generally be much quieter than clicky switches. other than that, most of your information is correct. keep up the great work!
yeah, wanted to say the same thing :P
if it were to be made from the metals then the sound would be much more metalic than plasticy
Hi breadles
@@yurio3693 hi
there are more than 1 type of mechanical keys.
-blue and brown: clicky/tactile, giving a bump and a click(blue is loud)
-red and black: linear, smooth all the way(black is harder to press)
-Etc
I want to correct you at 8:15, the “slider” isn’t there on most switches and is mostly just a clicky [blue] switch thing and the slider and stem are one of the same on most switches. On clicky switches it’s commonly called a click jacket because it’s what makes that click sound. When the click jacket passes the tactical bump I’m pretty sure the contacts act like a leaf spring and slam the click jacket to the bottom of the switch thus making a click noise. The contacts also don’t make much noise on activation point if at all.
Started to watch this channel when I was a college student, now after 4 years, I'm an Engineer at Amazon and still watch this awesome videos.
Whoever is behind this channel, you're exceptional :)
What kinds of things are you working on?
"I'm an Engineer" 😁 "at Amazon" 😕
@@UncleForHire why "😕"?
What kind of engineering?
Very professional explanation 👏🏻
You sir are a a real contributor of knowledge to the world. Your videos should be standard material in universities :)
Complex topics explained in an easy, understandable and awesome visualized way! Keep on going, THIS is what youtube really needs, not the 1000th channel about some crap....
donation and no comment? *OPERATION SWARM, DEPLOY*
@@TechySkills yeeee
🎉🎉🎉
@@supers.k9375 🎉🎉🎉
I support your comment
05:40 this appears to be wrong. If the L and A keys are pressed there is always a connection to the sixth row and there will be no voltage drop, in other words the keyboard can’t register those two buttons being pressed at the same time.
This is one of the few channels where I don't skip the sponsor segment. This is all super fascinating and I love to learn about whatever. Literally whatever. As long as it is in this format.
Sent from my mechanical keyboard.
Whether you watch the sponsor segment or not, the creator still gets paid. Don't feel guilt in skipping sponsor segments.
Mechanical keyboards are blessing. Writing this from a Keychron K8 Pro Brown Switches.
I really appreciate this channel. It is too brilliant.
I came to know about this channel through Arduino forum. When I was very much doubted about how the very so small things work in SoCs and ICs. One of the people sent me a video explaining all this, as the video ended, I just blasted that subscribe button!
The thing which people learnt in colleges, I know now only when I am just 15 years old!
Love it😎
Hey you are the one who run this channel
@Jared Owen - you, Animagraffs and this channel are gem of TH-cam education.
抓紧更新作品，还有空评论！哈哈哈
@@rabjkasbhHea yeah i was wonderingg the same hee coments on every branch eeducation video( dont mind the two lettters instead of one, my keyboard does that thing)
I'm waiting for you to post videos
I bought a NuPhy Air96 a few months ago and I’d never go back to a non-mechanical keyboard. The feel and sound of a mechanical keyboard is such a delight!
Quality of your work ever TOP [ information , animations and didatic ]...Brasil, Thanks!
Giving the love back! Thanks!
This was an awesome video! I think one thing to note is the specific mechanic switch type you showed was a clicky switch, which is not the only design regime. There's generally two other mechanical designs (which are separate from new hall effect switches as well!)
The slider present in these switches is separate from the stem as they're intended to "Bottom out" the slider separate from your key stem. That's used to create a tactile AND audible feedback for when the actuation occurs. Which is why typists prefer that switch.
However, linear and tactile switches are different. The "slider" portion is actually a part of the stem, it's all one piece. For linear switches, this means there's no tactility aside from the stem bottom and topping out, so no feedback on when the leaf springs makes contact. This is because there is no valley in the stem's point of contact with the leaf spring. It just slides past the leaf spring smoothly.
Tactile switches use the same valley to engage the leaf spring to give you a tactile indication of actuation but no audible "click" feedback, since it's all one piece and that slider doesn't slam into the bottom of the switch housing.
Again, great video! The animations were superb.
i just amazed to see , what a marveous 3d editing ? how much efforts are inserted to make this topic cleareley understandable. Thank you for making such educational video for free .
It is fun to watch technical content that is so accurate and correct. I thought it was going to be a thing about the USB specification scan code map, the boot protocol, and report based keyboard class interfaces, but you did something better, less USB focused and more keyboards in general.
As someone who has a mechanical keyboard, his information about mechanical keyboard is incorrect and incomplete and I feel he should have done a bit more research since a lot of information about mech keyboards are out there since the pandemic, from Tahea Types and Switch & Click.
That keyboard matrix explanation is great and easy to understand thanks
Perhaps the best keyboard is the one we made along the way
Wow very gay!
Basically everyone in the keyboard hobby community 💀
@@coochie8670your comment feels illegal 💀
For some reason I always thought that all the computing to find out which key was pressed was done by the actual computer, thank you. Your videos are amazing
I would love if you guys did a video like this that shows us how you make these kinds of videos. Like how you go from getting the physical item and how you break it down and model it on a computer. That would fascinating!
This video is so good. Explaining regular simple yet very complex stuff that basically everyone uses at these detailed explanations, is chefs kiss :)
Ah yes, mechanical keyboards, a very talked point on rhythm game communities since its said that mechanical keyboards can improve how you play not only for the more tactile feeling but also from higher pooling rates (the rate of the "pulses" that is talked about at 5:15).
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nope, polling rates is something different. Polling rate is on the USB side of things.
@@iFireender What is it.
@@naturegirl1999 The polling rate is how often the keyboard sends data to the computer, so response time can be faster. This can be hundreds or thousands of hertz.
@@naturegirl1999 as @DiskPartition said, it's the USB side of things.
Keyboards don't just send data as they get it, but they get asked by the computer x times a second, where x is the polling rate, "Hey, any new keypresses?"
That has nothing to do with the switches of the keyboard, rather, just the control electronics.
Honestly, Branch Education is one of the best channels on TH-cam that I've ever found.
Wonderfully produced video as always, but there are some errors/incorrect definitions worth noting;
1:14: The 104 'keys' are actually 'keycaps'.
1:24: The rubber dome sheet isn't under the keys, it is the keys (the actuation mechanism).
1:41: At the start you mention the cost of wired office keyboard, but are now discussing a wireless one which isn't a big deal, but a little misleading.
2:24: I'd phrase it 'when the user presses down on the 'keycap' or 'when the key is pressed, the rubber dome collapses'. This is an issue of calling the keycap a key
5:23: (might be incorrect) Would have been good to explicity call this polling rate and give the frequency in Hz.
5:27: I could be wrong here, but scanning is constant. You can't start scanning when you detect a key because you need to be scanning to detect the key in the first place.
8:05: Not all of them click, but given the target audience this makes sense.
8:12: Ironically, you call these keycaps on the mechanical keyboard but not the membrane one.
8:16: An unfortunate side effect of using Cherry MX blues as the example switch is that this slider design is unique to click-jacket switches and isn't representative of linear, tactile, and other clicky switch designs. The slider in MX blues is more commonly called a 'click jacket' because it's separate from the blue stem and pole.
8:53: This is just incorrect. The leaves contacting each other is not the source of the clicking sound in any MX-style switch. The actual souce of the click is the click jacket hitting the bottom housing. The pole hitting the bottom housing creates that 'clack' sound.
9:04: You also actually never explained why this switch is tactile. The animation shows it, but it is not explained.
9:00: Again calling the keycap a 'key'.
9:11: The stem and slider in MX blues is actually separated to create hysteresis. What you described is travel distance to actuate the switch, which all MX-style mechanical switches have (typically around 2mm).
9:37: Eh, I would argue most rubber domes are more tactile than MX blues.
9:40: The keycap hitting the rubber dome isn't the source of tactility, the collapsing of the rubber dome is.
This is the bst videos I've ever seen on TH-cam they're so detailed and easily understood. Thank you @Branch Education
Holy crap, your production value and attention to detail has skyrocketed. I imagine those 3d models take a while to build, let alone animate, but they make things so much easier to understand. Thank you!
This channel should have more subscribers. This is one of the best divulging channels on YT.
I am amazed at how accurately the L K270 keyboard is modeled. It is actually my daily driver I typed this with. And due to coffee spills, I have had it apart and rinsed it out so I know the internals well, and it still works. You can actually run the shell and the keys through the dishwasher and then let it dry out completely.
This channel, that I only found out abt days ago, is amazing.
Not only do you answer questions I've had, but also many I - by seeing your thumbnails - wasn't aware of I wanted answered.
You do it in such a tremendous way as well!
How easy you explain it, is paradoxically not easy. It takes skill to do that in the educational way as you do.
Simple and straight to the point. Other than the sponsor section, no time is wasted on anything irrelevant to the content.
To me, honestly, that is such a relief - to listen to something that is professional and entertaining, without any annoyance or irrelevancy.
Real chill too, with the calm way it's explained.
What's so impressive, I think, is you do it the same way in every video - no matter the topic.
Many of which are complex. Still, whether it's graphic cards or lithium batteries, inside 30-ish minutes, you make it so anyone can understand it.
So, respect! Great video! Great channel!
Animation level MASTERPIECE ...
thanks to the production team
This channel deserves 180 million subs
Thanks to our COA preethi mam for this link
the best education content i had ever seen , i am a cyber security student i wish i got these information in this simple way , hats off to you
I'd love to see an episode about the plastic Vernier caliper.
Thank you for this incredibly high quality educational content.
@Bbccr3444 So cute when bots interact.
Whoever is animating these videos, that dude is most genius, hardworking man on earth.
I can't wait for you guys to make a video for microprocessors, keep up the amazing animation. You guys deserve more views and subs.
This video is amazing! I've always wondered how things work as a kid, pulling old things apart and asking my dad 21 questions a day. I wish videos like this existed back then. Have you guys made a video on LCD screens and how they connect to desktop towers?
This channel is amazing. To the talented ppl creating/producing these videos - thank you!
Man, I can't believe that I didnt find this channel before, this production level is incredible
This videos feels both like an orgasm to the brain by finally understanding all this tech to its finests details, and an orgasm to the eyes. Those animations are beautiful, smooth and so close to real... I can't believe people can access this for free...
this video is very underrated im amazed by the minor knowledge you gave on every thing
Thanks!
rich
The only youtube channel I have notification turned on.
The "mechanical keyboard" part is so narrow that it can misrepresent this type of device to viewers who don't know anything else about them, and will perpetuate the old myth about mechanical keyboards being incredibly overpriced without offering any benefit in return.
"The switches are soldered in." It is not a defining factor - they don't have to be, most enthusiast boards would offer hotswap sockets, and many people won't even consider a non-hotswap board these days because swapping switches for a different feel (or to repair) is a major selling point of mechanical keyboards.
"It has LEDs." It is not a defining factor - not all mechanical keyboards have LEDs. Most enthusiast keycaps are not shine-through in the first place.
The switch pictured is a "click jacket" type of clicky switch - incidentally, the switch with the worst reputation in the community. There are physically different clicky switches with better sound signatures, but more importantly - most prefer linear or tactile switches that do not intentionally produce a click, and offer a feel different from membrane keyboards, desirable both for gaming and typing. There are also "silent" switches which are even quiter. Mechanical keyboards can make less noise than membrane keyboards - clicks are not a defining factor. And sure enough, switches also come in low-profile variants as well. And I'm not even talking about game-breaking analog switches, like on Wooting boards.
To drive the point home: one of the common budget keyboards is a Tester68 (no LEDs, not soldered, 68% layout) with Gateron Milky Yellow switches (linear, so not clicking) and XDA PBT keycaps (not shine-through, likely white). It's still plastic and tray-mounted, but has silicone and foam that dampens the sound. And it's about $50.
Nothing was said about different layouts that mechanical keyboards offer, replacable keycaps and keycap profiles, PCB/plate mounting types, polling rates, or programmable firmware (QMK). Yes, technically this video - based on the script and the thumbnail - is about comparing a dirt-cheap basic keyboard to one that costs 50 times more... but it's also titled "How do computer keyboards work?", which is a way more general and neutral topic. Given how effective this channel's 3D work is, people may consider the information presented to be equally flawless, yet as I've noticed several times - it is not. So, if you made it this far into reading this comment - just be aware of that fact when watching these videos.
everything you said is correct. But the most good keyboard is the one you buy and use it till it breaks. There's no fun in trying to get the best keypads when YOU can make the "fail point" be the best with training, and a lot of it.
Yeah I do think these problems should be addressed. It isn't like he doesn't make half hour long videos, but maybe he wants to split it into a series?
Something critical missing is the n-keyroll over, I think it is a fair point to bring up this problem since it affects gamers and fast typists.
I also think he should mention that there are different types of switches out there, I think optoelectric and hall effect switches will get more popular, and they seem to perform better and last longer.
This was informative.
I respect this channel highly
While it is very well made, it would have been better to show the benefits of mechanical keyboards like N-key rollover and anti-ghosting as well as a virtually infinitely longer life for each switch.
I don't understand why there is only a few hundred thousands views on each video. This deserve so much more!
Very informational love the animation and production always looking forward for the next video.
I think it might be useful to add that in 5:45 the voltage input on „row 6” goes down because „turning a column off” means connecting it directly to the ground thus making the current flow that way (cause there is only cable resistance there) rather then through higher resistent microcontroler - which explains 0V on row 6 input.
As a professional mechanical engineer, these videos are amazing. The effort required for research and animation is superb.
I personally hate mechanical keyboards because the sounds they make are obnoxious. I prefer short stroke laptop type keyboards, which are quiet yet satisfying on a tactile level.
If you're in school for engineering, FINISH AND GRADUATE. The world needs us, and you'll be successful and move us forward, no matter the path. Where I live, Sacramento, CA - starting salary is $90-115k, depending on discipline.
Something we use everyday and just take it for granted. Nicely explained. Thanks.
I'm typing this comment with a keyboard
Ok
We are typing this comment this a mic 😂😂
Shocking
mechanical or membrane mines mechanical
I have exited the youtube app and used voice commands to return to this video and comment to leave this comment here via voice.
Saw the thumbnail and entered wishing for some amazing visuals and got my satisfaction along with a better understanding to the topic
Definitely gonna watch more videos from this channel
Its from Logitech
and?
Your videos are always easy to understand even if you're not from the engineering industry and just watching for the sake of knowledge
I prefer laptop keyboards but they are a pain to fix lol, wish they spent a little bit more time on them in this video, nevertheless a good video.
Annnnd that's why I'm here watching this video today. A set of my laptop keys stopped working. 15 of them to be exact, scattered around in seemingly random order. Except, I presumed they are all on the same common path. This video confirms that. Yay, but also sad for broken keyboard.
The "worse"keyboard has a full number pad. No contest that's the better option. Great channel love the explanations!
Can u make how camera's work
He already made a video which was his first video
wow i am a freshman CS students and this is the type of explaining that I think would be perfect.
thank you a lot. i will watch your other videos too
The animator alone needs an Oscar.
what took me half a term to learn the basics i learned in 10 minutes from this channel. Keep it up!
Oh my G! best tech youtube video watched in my 15+ years of usage. WHat a brilliant content!
I got to say that ur editing and mondage skills are on another level
LIST_Of_POINT_MISSING
1> Where are the explanations of the keyboard about the thing named scan-code (all models, classic or mechanical).
2> Where are all the explanations of how the keyboard detects and then the internal logic used for the detection
3> Where are the explanations in case of key conflict
4> Where are the explanations for taking into account button modifiers
5> Where are the elements given to the computer for a HID type component
6> Where is the speed info, the values given are not all the same for all keyboards
8> Where is the information about the wireless communication protocol
9> Where is the information about pooling rate
10> Where is the info on the total of max button use of a keyboard according to the type
11> Where is the info for the RGB part of the keyboard you showed
12> Where are the sources for average prices for your 2 keyboards
13> where is point number 7 from this list (ou read again and you not see the line before)
you must specify that this is one of the layout models that there may be but that it does not represent all wireless keyboard models
not all keyboard models have the same layout and are not all wireless, so the grid you show it's not full correct, but not explain other thing, how the thing work for the "microprocesscor", wrong word for first, remove the last C letter
small search on google and i found lot of other model for the "plastic sheets" and the rubber part
we know exactly how DRAM works in detail with a lot of info, but we know exactly for 1 model, but not all the info
for any guy want know more detail about all missing point from this video
watch the video ID " N0O5Uwc3C0o " or " wdgULBpRoXk " or " 2lPzTU-3ONI "
for me it's mainly a product placement video, it's a shame, I expected to see the details of the summary and common operation of a mechanical keyboard
7> Where are the typical elements of your video like the intro and the outro to show the branches we watching
14> congratulations, you have just read point number 7, you could make a video with all the information required to make a real video like the mouse
As someone who uses a keyboard multiple times a day, this is awesome!
This channel is truly underrated!
As a guy who had to open his keyboard to clean it i can confirm
- the fact that mine is a simple wired one so no need to batteries and what ever just a wire coming out of the chip stright to the pc
The animation and explanation are so well-done.
I got my first mechanical keyboard a few months ago.
Loving it :)
Im a writer,so i need the best keyboard i can get
This channel is amazingly underrated
I realize this this is just an introduction to how keyboards work, but just wanted to add
that, each key is assigned a number, Space=32 , Enter=13 and the letter "E" =69. known
as the ASCII Code.on pressing each key, the processor detects this, outputs the number
the key generates, and sends it to the computer.
That’s the same keyboard when you start duping the keyboards to show bulk, that’s the same keyboard I use for gaming, it’s a bit loud, but it works, and my brother ripped off the escape key, and I used the keypad keys as a replacement, and I have the wired version
Love your videos! Please do some networking - optic fibre, copper, ethernet, etc.
finally a proper explanation! :D thank you for the fancy animations. for this visual quality and the easy-to-understand explanation, i can tolerate the sponsor section :)
It is very satisfying to watch videos from this TH-cam channel.
Wow the basic keyboard is literally the keyboard I'm using right now. Great to know the engineering that went into my keyboard
I don’t think you hit the mark on the mechanical key switch sound. The contact leaves don’t make any noise. The model you show, with a separate slider and stem, is from a “blue”-style switch. The slider is held up by the contact leaf that it is touching. When pressed far enough for the contacts to touch, the slider is designed to fall down (in your animation, it stays up even though nothing is holding it up) and it bounces against the bottom of the switch housing, and that is what makes the rattly click noise associated with that type of mechanical switch. Other varieties of clicky switch generate noise in a variety of ways. Linear mechanical key switches have the slider and stem as one part and they typically only make a sound when the switch is pressed down all the way, and the slider impacts the bottom of the switch housing.
Significant topic depth and top notch illustrations as always!
Would love to see an explanation of analog keyboards
Not all mechanical keyboards have the switches soldered to the PCB. “Hot swappable” boards are common in enthusiast circles.
I wish you'd gone into more detail about the mechanics of the rubber dome, like how its shape affects the hysteresis of the stress-strain curve, and thus the tactile feel. And the reason why discrete-switch (or "mechanical") keyboards became popular for playing games wasn't mentioned. It's that the cheap key matrix can't distinguish keys that form a right angle on it, and thus many 3-key combinations are blocked. This can be solved by including a diode on each cross point, but that's way more complicated than just mass producing printed plastic sheets. But for discrete switches they're just a cheap additional component.
I don't usually comment but mahn oh mahn this channel is just amazing, beautiful work... Thank you
try taking a look at the wooting HE. You can buy the individual switches for rather cheap if the full $200 is a bit much. It uses the hall effect to have full analogue input on every single switch.
Good description. And there are side effects like ghosting and rollover that you've glossed over. The use of diodes to prevent ghosting. But the production values are very good and this is a great introduction to keyboard design.
Actually, the clock sound of the colicky switches is produced not by leaves hitting, but by the slider hitting the bottom housing. What is clever is the leaves holding the slider in place while the switch actuates just before the switch activates and the slider is sent down
Something I wish you covered waa aliasing with cheaper keyboards. Sometimes when 2 keys are pressed together it creates weird and unwanted outputs which isnt a common issue for office work but can be a major problem for gaming which is a large reason mechanical keyboards became so popular for gamers.
I bought a "premium" rubber dome keyboard (G19) because I found out I could not do the 360 in the San Andreas driving school as it requires me to press 3 keys at the same time which isn't compatible with the matrix and causes the computer to beep for some reason.
The G19 had 5 key rollover. This was before I knew about the advantages of mechanical keyboards, as I was obsessed with G19's screen.
I kinda wish there was a mech keyboard that had G19's screen.
this channel is awesome thank you guys
The click mechanism is actually incorrectly described, as due to the low mass and force of the contacts. In addition, what creates the audible clicking sound, as with the blue switches used in the video, is due to a click jacket, or slider in this video, that is separate to the main stem itself. When depressed, the tactile bump in the legs of the jacket create a hammering motion through the release of accumulated potential kinetic energy stored by a combination of spring tension and the tactile bump interlocking with the leaf spring, causing the jacket to catastrophically collide with the bottom housing of the switch, creating your "click".
Hi Branch education. I appreciate you for promoting STEM on your channel. Here are some ideas for future videos: how central processing units work. How gaming consoles work. How chips are made. How quantum computers work. How analog computers work. How transistors work.
wow, both of them work exactly as I thought. I'm really impressed with my mind
Rubber dome keyboards when done right are very satisfying to type on 😮💨
The cheap one seems like logitech MK270R. After viewing the video, I would like to get a mechanical one. Thanks for the video.