I love how you kept real. Filthy spiders, crapped all over the glass, had a poo fight and this girl had the trots. Lol I love the passion you have for your spiders. The fact that you don’t lecture on the care and husbandry aspect is refreshing. You always say it is how you do it, but not that what someone else does is wrong. I have been going over your videos again as I can’t sleep, you and camera lady Kelly have the best spider videos on TH-cam. I’m my opinion. Please please please don’t ever change how you film your videos it’s keeping it true to you both. Thanks for sharing your passion and knowledge.
I would like to say thank you Dave and to Camera Lady for not just showing the importance of animal husbandry but also the Joy and happiness they bring to not just other people but to yourselves as well your both fantastic animal parents and all the Beasties you own are a credit to you
There is some great information here. Maintenance is some great keeping enclosure clean. You can tell if a spider is out and about even if you don't see them. Keep the great videos coming, love em
very impressive collection, its brilliant how knowledgeable you are. first video ive seen of yours definitely a new subscriber! i own over 150 Ts and its great picking up small tips on how to make life easier in the T Room.
This video is so important to show what kind of work and time it takes to keep your collection clean and viewable on a daily basis . We can't belive how much of our time is spent on making the enclosures and cleanliness of the glass so we can get the most enjoyment out of our collection as possible . We love your collection and how calm and collected you are with your animals . Keep up the amazing work !!!
I've gone from zero to loving spiders in just a few days thanks to your awesome and informative uploads, it's brilliant that it's interspersed with your insight into their behaviours and individual characters.... a new hooked subscriber, many thanks.... 🕷❤
From the start I came up with so much I wanted to praise you on or ask about but by the time the video was done, I’ve completely forgot everything I wanted to say. In the end all I can say is you are amazing! How you keep your spiders and the knowledge behind it all...I hope one day I can be like you. Thank you so much for sharing!
Im so glad your enjoying the videos, that is all I want and if people can pick up a few tips along the way so much the better, if I can save you some time or help in any way to make your hobby more enjoyable then that's what its all about , I learn so much from watching others on facebook its good to share.❤️
You truly are a wealth of information. The tip about the poo on the glass in the tank with the eggsac is fantastic. When you explain it, it seems so obvious but not a lot of people would ever think of that. So glad i found your channel!
It's so cute when they attrack the water. My Giant white knee sling and my Goliath Pink Foot bot attack the water lol and my Xenethis Sp Bright attacks everything close.
A 41 minute video from Dave on a day In working afternoons and have spare time to watch in the morning?!! That's what I call a gift, and here I am commenting and I haven't even seen the bloody video yet 😂 Got me all excited !! 😁
13:00 omg dave, she is sooooooo beautiful, I have never seen a spider or this type of species that look just like this with that type of writing on it and color, I am going to guess that she cost a lot of money as well but you should do some updates especially for this one I'm curious to see how they're living and doing now and if they got bigger thanks for another great video my friend... Cheers
Thank you Dave and Camera Lady. I particularly loooove the Brazilian Jewel, such lovely colourings, sweet. So interesting today, thank you again, brilliant!😘💗💙
WOW I just love hearing where all you guys come from I think your the first from New York , im so glad your enjoying the content and thank you for all the support we really appreciate it ❤️👍
I absolutely LOVE all of your videos. My dream is to own a T. Seladonia so I'm trying to learn all I can about them before getting one. In the short time that I've been a subscriber, I have learned so very much from you and I cannot thank you enough for sharing your knowledge.
Hello! Just wanted to drop a few lines and tell you how much i truly enjoy all your videos!!! I have a huge fear of spiders but watching these videos has taught me a brand new appreciation for these little beasties!! I have always respected spiders just had a genuine fear of all those little legs lol But the more i watch, the more interested i have become.I sure wish i had the privilege of having you as a teacher years ago,then maybe my fear wouldnt have gotten so out of hand.Thanks again and i look forward to learning something new eveytime! Happy holidays!
What sets your channel aside from others, These are all educational, you always learn something new in every video ! Great video of the tarantulas, enclosures are always well kept & tarantulas always look amazing 🖤🕷🖤🕷🖤🕷
I rewatched most of your videos- today I seen a juvenile white knee in PetSmart- poor thing was curled up, Idk it just broke my heart an of course had to come home an watch some videos on them cause maybe that should be my first tarantula - I don’t like to support stores like that but I hate for it to die Bc no one cares ! Anyway love your channel , it’s the best 🕷❤️
Dave what a fantastic video. Thank you for sharing some of your husbandry. It’s very interesting to see how we’ve been so focused on cross ventilation that we may have taken it too far the other direction. Very informative once again 💜💙
Hello Dave I'm Sarah just found you today and I enjoying your channel so far. Hello camera lady your doing a fab Job and your brave too because I'd be shaking something awful 😄 I love seeing and learning about spiders but not the stage to have any .I do how ever have a tube spider living in a hole in the brickwork out side my back door she has been there for 3 years I call her Mrs Boris she is black and has the most beautiful iridescent green fangs .She hangs her four of legs out ever night . I have seen run out of her hole when she feel something on the hook lines she has spread out along the brick wall like a big star .she is huge but I think she is amazing. See you soon 😊
Was linked to this video from a group on facebook, and I have to say I absolutely love your calmness. Tarantulas really pick up on the emotions of the keeper - they're so sensitive to airflow, temperature, tiny vibrations and such, and I've noticed when I'm nervous, they're nervous. The confidence you have when working with them is incredibly inspiring. As someone who loves naturalistic enclosures myself, I'd love to know what those long, stout enclosures you have are (the ones around the 22:00 minute mark). They look great for terrestrials.
Thanks Julian and welcome to our channel we are trying to show a different approach to spider keeping and dispel a few myths along the way especially about old world species there not all out to kill us 😂👍
@@daveslittlebeasties Thank you! Not sure if you saw, but I'd love to know the name of those short, wide enclosures you show around the 22 minute mark. Looks great for terrestrials!
Hi Dave Love all of your videos. I do not have a spider, but really enjoy watching you with your collection. That one about the cleaning was so interesting. Animals are very intelligent, and reptiles. I know that spiders were intelligent, and I thought that they might have personalities. It was so nice to see that pretty come out, curiosity. To see what is going on. Do they all have a personality, or only some species? Cindy from Florida.🕷️🕸️♥️
@@daveslittlebeasties yeah mate we have 10 acres of woodland so never short lol. Not much sphagnum though wich is a shame... beautiful how you keep your enclosures though mate collection looks great with you
I hope you have some sort of sponsorship bc that is a lot of tanks! Very interesting about the poo! When you were opening the doors of the tanks and then left one closed it reminded me of Vanna White unveiling the letters for a wheel of fortune puzzle. I totally appreciate your attention to detail and organization.
I’ve noticed an interesting phenomenon where I live in California. Most of the black widows have been replaced by brown widows. Not sure why but over the last few years, I rarely see a black one now. We have loads of widows tho. I love jumping spiders 🕷 PS don’t forget to close all the doors 😨
I have a decent collection of cute lil bitey bois and I adore them. It warms my heart to see someone who cares about their bootiful frens and treats them well.🥺 😤 Thank you for representing those of us who love and respect our creepy crawlies; they're so interesting and beautiful and CAN be cared for correctly with the right amounts of knowledge, respect, love and fear. Yes, fear. It's important to properly care for an animal and for risk reduction. Cockiness gets cutiepie 8 legged roommates killed and people harmed as well. Thank you again. 😇
That looks good all those eco terras lined up on the shelves. Those assassin bugs creep me the hell out.they remind me of those kissing bugs. Eww. Just the thought of em puts a shiver down my spine.
Love your channel. Subscribed. Is there a video where you go over your entire collection (Looked, but didn't see one - maybe I missed it). And if not, can you make one at some point?
@@daveslittlebeasties Very generous of you to give it some thought. I know these videos take time and resources on your behalf. Look forward to it if you get around to it! Cheers!
Can you do a video showing the enclosures you use. I think everyone is familiar with the Exoterra front opening enclosures, but those "Reptile One" enclosures are something I haven't seen here in the states. The enclosures under those don't look familiar to me either.
Great system, Dave! That razor trick is a real time saver. Trying to get it off with water always gave me a huge white mess on the glass. What are the green water dishes? Do you buy them or are they some kind of bottle caps?
First there was Bob Ross and "The Joy of Painting". Now it is Dave and "The Joy of Spiders". Similar relaxing vibe too.
LOL XD
Perfect assessment. Such quality educational material here.
It's kinda weird how many comments I've seen comparing Dave to Bob Ross. Instead of a "happy little tree" it's a "happy little beastie"
Could listen to you all day Dave, love your passion! It's infectious!
I love how you kept real. Filthy spiders, crapped all over the glass, had a poo fight and this girl had the trots. Lol I love the passion you have for your spiders. The fact that you don’t lecture on the care and husbandry aspect is refreshing. You always say it is how you do it, but not that what someone else does is wrong. I have been going over your videos again as I can’t sleep, you and camera lady Kelly have the best spider videos on TH-cam. I’m my opinion. Please please please don’t ever change how you film your videos it’s keeping it true to you both. Thanks for sharing your passion and knowledge.
Thank you we appreciate your support ❤️❤️❤️
Dave: "No spider in their right minds would leave the sanctuary of their home."
Spider, clearly out of its right mind: "hold my roach."
😂😂😂
I would like to say thank you Dave and to Camera Lady for not just showing the importance of animal husbandry but also the Joy and happiness they bring to not just other people but to yourselves as well your both fantastic animal parents and all the Beasties you own are a credit to you
Thank you so much ❤️❤️❤️
There is some great information here. Maintenance is some great keeping enclosure clean. You can tell if a spider is out and about even if you don't see them. Keep the great videos coming, love em
I'm a recovering arachnophobe and about to get my first T (GBB). This video really boosted my confidence!
Did you get it 👀
@@fuzzy_mates.christopher.8129 No. My cleaning lady threatened to walk out
Wow, I'm just as happy and impressed as Larry is!
Your magic is working. I actually look forward to watching more of your videos. Camerawoman, you’ve impressed me. ❤️
Hi Dave! Just discovered your channel a few days ago - so far, I'm LOVING it! Keep it up :)
Thank you Noa, really appreciate your support 👍
Brilliant. I thought I'd just have a quick look at this video and of course ended up watching the whole thing.
very impressive collection, its brilliant how knowledgeable you are. first video ive seen of yours definitely a new subscriber! i own over 150 Ts and its great picking up small tips on how to make life easier in the T Room.
Awesome, thank you!
Wow! It's almost strange thinking of someone with that many without a channel. Lol I've got one but a million in my shopping cart waiting to order.
This video is so important to show what kind of work and time it takes to keep your collection clean and viewable on a daily basis . We can't belive how much of our time is spent on making the enclosures and cleanliness of the glass so we can get the most enjoyment out of our collection as possible . We love your collection and how calm and collected you are with your animals . Keep up the amazing work !!!
Yes there is a lot goes on behind the door 😂👍 and thanks for your support .👍❤️
hi mate keep up the good work thanks for message keep them sending in .
Very true 😅
Thank you Dave and camera lady. Really an essential video as per husbandry of varied insects. Sooooo educational.❤️👍🏼
Looking forward to seeing the new room when finished but also love going back and watching your early videos mate.
The love you have for your animals shines so brightly. It’s an amazing thing to watch. Thank you for being so good to these creatures ❤️
Btw my a chalcodes poops ALL over the sides of her enclosure lol she’s quite cheeky in the cutest way
That blue spider you fed is absolut beauty Dave
I've gone from zero to loving spiders in just a few days thanks to your awesome and informative uploads, it's brilliant that it's interspersed with your insight into their behaviours and individual characters.... a new hooked subscriber, many thanks.... 🕷❤
Welcome my friend ❤️👍
From the start I came up with so much I wanted to praise you on or ask about but by the time the video was done, I’ve completely forgot everything I wanted to say. In the end all I can say is you are amazing! How you keep your spiders and the knowledge behind it all...I hope one day I can be like you. Thank you so much for sharing!
Im so glad your enjoying the videos, that is all I want and if people can pick up a few tips along the way so much the better, if I can save you some time or help in any way to make your hobby more enjoyable then that's what its all about , I learn so much from watching others on facebook its good to share.❤️
I've never thought about caring for spiders, but watching this makes me wanna try. The passion Dave has is inspiring.
I’m really digging this like ur just cleaning enclosure’s and I’m vary entertained. Good amount of bug info too lik Damn.
Thank you 👍👍
Been a while since I've herd the term "the trots". Thanks for the laugh.
Let's see if we can't get a roach out if him 🤣 what a good girl to come out whilst your spot cleaning and sit nice waiting for a snacko. 💙🕷
Every enclosure looks amazing & something you’d see in the wild
LOVED the feeding!!!
I really enjoyed this video. It was informative, humorous, and creative. Thanks again Team Dave & Beasties!
Rewatching. Good.
Its amazing you have so many slings and can care for each they can be a bit overwhelming in large numbers.
This content is great
What a treat you gave us with this one dave. Absolutely brilliant 👏👌
This is an amazing video and an ever more amazing collection Dave, keep up the good work and I look forward to your other content.
Your welcome ❤️👍
So cool
Very good content, I do enjoy the longer videos. As always thanks for sharing.
Awesome video
Great channel and cool videos thank you for uploading!
Thanks for watching!
You truly are a wealth of information. The tip about the poo on the glass in the tank with the eggsac is fantastic. When you explain it, it seems so obvious but not a lot of people would ever think of that. So glad i found your channel!
Welcome Helen and thank you for your kind words ❤️👍
It's so cute when they attrack the water. My Giant white knee sling and my Goliath Pink Foot bot attack the water lol and my Xenethis Sp Bright attacks everything close.
A 41 minute video from Dave on a day In working afternoons and have spare time to watch in the morning?!! That's what I call a gift, and here I am commenting and I haven't even seen the bloody video yet 😂 Got me all excited !! 😁
I hope you enjoy and its worth the wait 😂😂👍
13:00 omg dave, she is sooooooo beautiful, I have never seen a spider or this type of species that look just like this with that type of writing on it and color, I am going to guess that she cost a lot of money as well but you should do some updates especially for this one I'm curious to see how they're living and doing now and if they got bigger thanks for another great video my friend...
Cheers
Thank you Dave and Camera Lady. I particularly loooove the Brazilian Jewel, such lovely colourings, sweet.
So interesting today, thank you again, brilliant!😘💗💙
❤️❤️❤️❤️
“Be calm, be gentle and love your spiders”. ❤️❤️ Wonderful! Thank you from New York 👍
WOW I just love hearing where all you guys come from I think your the first from New York , im so glad your enjoying the content and thank you for all the support we really appreciate it ❤️👍
I absolutely LOVE all of your videos. My dream is to own a T. Seladonia so I'm trying to learn all I can about them before getting one. In the short time that I've been a subscriber, I have learned so very much from you and I cannot thank you enough for sharing your knowledge.
So glad we could help ❤️👍
absolutely love your channel, extremely impressed how professional your channel is yet have a low subscriber count, that will change come 2022!!
Thank you my friend ❤️❤️❤️👍
So amazing! I would love to have a small zoo in my house as well. Alas, I am no zookeeper, so I watch Dave's channel.
I really love your setup WOW!!!!
Very interesting with explanations. Love your methodical system.
Thank you!
Wow dude! you are a GrandMaster! Thank you for all the good info.
dave you and the camera lady are righteous animal lovers
❤️❤️❤️❤️
Hello! Just wanted to drop a few lines and tell you how much i truly enjoy all your videos!!! I have a huge fear of spiders but watching these videos has taught me a brand new appreciation for these little beasties!! I have always respected spiders just had a genuine fear of all those little legs lol But the more i watch, the more interested i have become.I sure wish i had the privilege of having you as a teacher years ago,then maybe my fear wouldnt have gotten so out of hand.Thanks again and i look forward to learning something new eveytime! Happy holidays!
Thats awsome ❤️ and happy holidays to you too my friend ❤️❤️❤️❤️
Beautiful collection!
Thank you 👍
What sets your channel aside from others, These are all educational, you always learn something new in every video ! Great video of the tarantulas, enclosures are always well kept & tarantulas always look amazing 🖤🕷🖤🕷🖤🕷
Your so very kind ❤️❤️❤️
Great collection, nice enclosures 👍
Thank you👍
Hi! I'm just discovered your channel today. Amazing enclosures and setups! Just.. WoW! Incredible. Keep up your work!
Thank you and welcome to the channel 👍
I rewatched most of your videos- today I seen a juvenile white knee in PetSmart- poor thing was curled up, Idk it just broke my heart an of course had to come home an watch some videos on them cause maybe that should be my first tarantula - I don’t like to support stores like that but I hate for it to die Bc no one cares ! Anyway love your channel , it’s the best 🕷❤️
This man got balls just go in with his hands picking inside with those Horridas :P
Dave what a fantastic video. Thank you for sharing some of your husbandry. It’s very interesting to see how we’ve been so focused on cross ventilation that we may have taken it too far the other direction. Very informative once again 💜💙
Cross ventilation is very important but the problem is peoples interpretation of it everyone sees it differently 👍
Hoping to do a video all about it very soon 👍
Dave's Little Beasties can’t wait 😊
Hey uncle Dave! We love watching your video’s. The boys would want to get a new pet :)
Its going to have to be a spider 😂👍
BEST TARANTULA'S TH-camR!!! I just discovered this vid today!! Awesome!! Thank you Dave
Thanks buddy really glad your enjoying the content hope you subscribed 😂👍
@@daveslittlebeasties Yesssss I subscribed! You deserve it :D
@@therealslimsonny THANK YOU SO MUCH MY FRIEND👍
Sir, you are a huge inspiration!
Thank you my friend 👍❤️
He's a pro! 😎😉
Very very interesting and informative. Thank you.
Excellent video Dave. Loved it.
Recently came across your channel. You are awesome!!! You have such a beautiful and happy family of 'beasties'
Welcome to our channel we aim to please 👍👍👍
Amazing videos. Thanks Dave !!
Our pleasure glad your enjoying them 👍
darn , you have a nice room ( i type a lot to get more ppl to see your work ) , love it
All those nice enclosures.
Looks great
Very cool stuff, keep up the good work Dave love your channel.
Hello Dave I'm Sarah just found you today and I enjoying your channel so far. Hello camera lady your doing a fab Job and your brave too because I'd be shaking something awful 😄 I love seeing and learning about spiders but not the stage to have any .I do how ever have a tube spider living in a hole in the brickwork out side my back door she has been there for 3 years I call her Mrs Boris she is black and has the most beautiful iridescent green fangs .She hangs her four of legs out ever night . I have seen run out of her hole when she feel something on the hook lines she has spread out along the brick wall like a big star .she is huge but I think she is amazing. See you soon 😊
Welcome Sarah to our channel I hope you enjoy all the videos 👍❤️
Was linked to this video from a group on facebook, and I have to say I absolutely love your calmness. Tarantulas really pick up on the emotions of the keeper - they're so sensitive to airflow, temperature, tiny vibrations and such, and I've noticed when I'm nervous, they're nervous. The confidence you have when working with them is incredibly inspiring.
As someone who loves naturalistic enclosures myself, I'd love to know what those long, stout enclosures you have are (the ones around the 22:00 minute mark). They look great for terrestrials.
Thanks Julian and welcome to our channel we are trying to show a different approach to spider keeping and dispel a few myths along the way especially about old world species there not all out to kill us 😂👍
@@daveslittlebeasties Thank you! Not sure if you saw, but I'd love to know the name of those short, wide enclosures you show around the 22 minute mark. Looks great for terrestrials!
@@JulianH1001 There from Reptile One got them on Ebay
Hi Dave Love all of your videos. I do not have a spider, but really enjoy watching you with your collection. That one about the cleaning was so interesting. Animals are very intelligent, and reptiles. I know that spiders were intelligent, and I thought that they might have personalities. It was so nice to see that pretty come out, curiosity. To see what is going on. Do they all have a personality, or only some species? Cindy from Florida.🕷️🕸️♥️
Thanks for watching! and yes some are more confident and will come and have a look 👍
Hi from Canada Dave! Great video, subscribed! Love your calm and straight forward manner, as well as great husbandry.
Thank you my friend and welcome to our channel 👍
Hi Dave, @ 14:43 ish you finished closing the tanks, but I believe you missed the first one, the handle is in a different position.
This is great Dave thank you
Cheers your very welcome
Love your videos Dave x👍🏼🕷
Thank you so much ❤️
Im a new subscriber. Love your channel, love your spiders!
Awesome! Thank you!
I'd love to see a video on how you put together those terrariums. They look great.
I have done a lot of rehouses and set the tanks up as we go along so you can see what I do 👍
@@daveslittlebeasties I ended up finding the rehousing the poeci video right after this. Thanks.
That's an amazing setup:)
Thank you so much yours is pretty cool too 😂👍
fab vid Dave top job
Cheers Ellie glad you enjoyed it ❤️
awesome video dave enjoyed every second of it, cheers
Thank you ,mate ❤️
great video mate from Ben in sunny south wales (wettest place ever) keep up the great work :)
Glad you enjoyed it, you got the best MOSS in the country 😂👍
@@daveslittlebeasties yeah mate we have 10 acres of woodland so never short lol. Not much sphagnum though wich is a shame... beautiful how you keep your enclosures though mate collection looks great with you
@@BenshobbyStuff Thank you 🙏
3 time i watch this , i just love how good you are with them , i never kill spiders , they keep @other crap@ out and they dont bother me :)
I love the Brazilian jewel❤❤❤
Great video Dave
Thanks buddy
I hope you have some sort of sponsorship bc that is a lot of tanks! Very interesting about the poo! When you were opening the doors of the tanks and then left one closed it reminded me of Vanna White unveiling the letters for a wheel of fortune puzzle. I totally appreciate your attention to detail and organization.
Thank you ❤️❤️
Would love to see you do a feeding of the trapdoor!
Excellent info Dave can't wait for my sons birthday OBT to arrive
Its on its way hope you like it and happy birthday to your son wish him the best from me 👍👍
Really enjoyed that Dave .
What a nice setup you have! Would you do a feeding video? Thanks
I have done a few 👍👍
At 14:16 the first enclosure was left unlocked!
Theres no need to panic 😂👍
i was about to say lol
I’ve noticed an interesting phenomenon where I live in California. Most of the black widows have been replaced by brown widows. Not sure why but over the last few years, I rarely see a black one now. We have loads of widows tho. I love jumping spiders 🕷 PS don’t forget to close all the doors 😨
Those black and yellow assassin bugs are ridiculously awesome. Thanks for the razor blade tip by the way. xD
Yes there awsome cant wait for them to mature, the razorblades saves so much time 😂👍
I agree...all those minutes i spent with wet paper towels...ooof
Awesome video dave really informative 🙌 picked up few tips myself 😂
Cheers matey👍
I have a decent collection of cute lil bitey bois and I adore them. It warms my heart to see someone who cares about their bootiful frens and treats them well.🥺 😤 Thank you for representing those of us who love and respect our creepy crawlies; they're so interesting and beautiful and CAN be cared for correctly with the right amounts of knowledge, respect, love and fear. Yes, fear. It's important to properly care for an animal and for risk reduction. Cockiness gets cutiepie 8 legged roommates killed and people harmed as well. Thank you again. 😇
Thank yours much ❤️👍
Where do you get these enclosures? They look so clean and that line up nicely on a shelf. Any chance we could get a shop link?
There mainly exo terra and komodo👍
Working my way thru your excellent videos, can you tell me were you buy your enclosures please.
Local sop and second and generally although I ave recently had some custom built ones too 👍
That looks good all those eco terras lined up on the shelves. Those assassin bugs creep me the hell out.they remind me of those kissing bugs. Eww. Just the thought of em puts a shiver down my spine.
Love your channel. Subscribed. Is there a video where you go over your entire collection (Looked, but didn't see one - maybe I missed it). And if not, can you make one at some point?
I will try and make one 👍❤️
@@daveslittlebeasties Very generous of you to give it some thought. I know these videos take time and resources on your behalf. Look forward to it if you get around to it! Cheers!
@@GregTally I think it may be a long video😂👍
@@daveslittlebeasties My man!
Can you do a video showing the enclosures you use. I think everyone is familiar with the Exoterra front opening enclosures, but those "Reptile One" enclosures are something I haven't seen here in the states. The enclosures under those don't look familiar to me either.
Great system, Dave! That razor trick is a real time saver. Trying to get it off with water always gave me a huge white mess on the glass.
What are the green water dishes? Do you buy them or are they some kind of bottle caps?
Milk bottle lids 😂👍
You do so well staying calm, Have you ever been bitten by a tarantula
No I have never been bitten 👍
"Now bear in mind, No Spiders want to leave the sanctuary of there own home". "Now where is that Brasilian wondering Spider"? AAARRRRRGGGGG!!!!!!
hihihi :P
Funny 😂 BTW it's Brazilian
@@seangregory1864 They spell it with an S. I lived there so i do also.