ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 17 ธ.ค. 2020
- The engineers of Tesla motor's shocked everyone when they abandoned the versatile induction motor in Model 3 cars. They used a totally different motor called IPM-SynRM. Let's understand why the Tesla engineers made this crucial design change.
We thank EMWorks for their FEA support. To know more about this powerful electromagnetic simulation software checkout : www.emworks.com/
Be our supporter or contributor: / @lesics
instagram : / sabinzmathew
Twitter : / sabinsmathew
Telegram : t.me/sabinmathew
FB : / sabinzmathew
Voice over artist : www.fiverr.com/voiceonthemove
You might be aware that Leiscis is fighting for survival. Please support us at Patreon and make our educational services sustainable - www.patreon.com/Lesics
4:23
Anytime I watch an incredibly detailed, clear, and concise science/engineering/history video on TH-cam for free, I realize just how blessed we truly are.
Shows you what a waste your college education was 😂
Love the graphical representation of the Torque vs angle graphs
Timestamp?
@@shiskeyoffles 8:15
th-cam.com/video/kr8a0DAb8Bg/w-d-xo.html
Toma
Yeah, I almost understood it. Not bad for me !
Before this video: "I'm pretty smart."
After this video: "I'm an idiot."
I watch lots of educational videos on YT, and even then I'm always amazed by how your 3D models help explain such hard topics so easily
As an engineer... Just imagining the integrals need to calculate that magnetic fields ... a vision from hell or heaven... afterlife for sure...
Embrace Maxwell my child
why do you need to calculate them, they just work
@@tonial5789 , well... someone did that math. And probably if you get back to that degree/masters... That monster will be there... Waiting for you... In the corners of eletromag 3...
@@tonial5789 to make the rotor the right shape. No point just guessing.
That's why there's programmes such as MATLAB. No need to sweat over calculations
The more I learn about motors, the less I understand them.
Dunning Krueger effect.
The state of the art in lots of domains is actually far beyond what they teach in standard undergraduate courses. Only the fundamentals like mechanics and fourier transforms hold up.
@@pvlkmrv Education gives you the fundamentals, it is up to the individual to learn in-depth niche skills.
@@lukecarran5469 quite literally the opposite of the dunning-kruger effect
@@ayeshamerrydeath7501 It is tho: The less you know, the more you think you know, the more you know, you understand how little you know.
We've been utilizing permanent magnet rotors in motors in similar configurations for 100 years. Interesting that they are coming back around, while being tweaked for efficiency.
Ngl, I'm just dipping my toes into the water with PM's, what did we start using them for?
@@insanitysreign6195 Printing presses :) "History was made when Thomas Davenport of Vermont invented the first official battery-powered electric motor in 1834. This was the first electric motor that had enough power to perform a task and his invention was used to power a small-scale printing press."
Elon Musk invented another 100 years old thing.
@@insanitysreign6195 finding north
Yup, old news. Hyundai has used this in their hybrids since 2010 and I'm sure others have before that. I guess this video is good to show how tesla changed the motor but they kinda make it sound like tesla invented it.
This is awesome, I own a Tesla and just thought to myself I don’t even know how my motor works. Now I have a great understanding, thank you!
What I learned from this is if you ever have a problem in life, rotate it by 45° and if that doesn’t work, try 50°. Then, profit. 👍🏼
That's what my Dad always told me.
It works
Funny. I'm a scientist/engineer, I'll use this on my colleagues.
I tried this on my girlfriend.
It worked.
Or, just use a condom.
I still thinking how much hard work he has done for making this video 🥴
Thanks for providing such contents for free ❤️
for free? These Jerks are MONTIZING this content at the tune of Commercials every 2 minutes!!! Didn't you notice??
@@jesscast5122 All that costs you is time, and if you don't find it worth that, than use adblock ;)
@@jesscast5122 Ublock origin, AdBlock plus, pihole.
@@Sal3600
can they works on Android?
@@jesscast5122 It is the way of the world these days, nothing comes for free.
In addition, they are promoting their product.
The problem is that they are educating countries such as China. They are quick to take but put nothing in, thus allowing them to steal technology at zero cost. This makes them the financial enemy of the entire western world,
Simplistic explanation! Nothing can get better than this. Thank you!
Physics is the backbone of engineering....i love it, the lesson from the models.
After 15 years of sleepless nights, I was able to finally fall asleep. Thank you. A fellow M3P Owner and Shareholder.
Sleep talk try viper Tv TH-cam works every time 😀
Is it wierd to really like this level of explanation?
I have known the principle before, but just really like to see this explanation. Wish I have had it when I studied about this...
I'm weird too...
why would it be weird its a youtube video for a reason
@@alexeitubrett2839 had a sense of humour malfunction. Move along, nothing to see here. :D
It's quite easy for me as I'm studying Electrical engineering.
Lot of things we learnt from your videos ..thanks lot to you and your team.,
Thank you! I drive a 2019 Toyota Prius Prime, and this video is the best explanation I've ever found on how the cars two motor/generators work. One thing the video didn't mention: there is a sensor on the rotor shaft of each of the Prius's motors, that continually and very precisely tracks the angle of the rotor around it's 360° circle. The signal from this sensor is fed to the motor control computer, which is controlling the bank of high-power MOSFET transistors in the inverter, that create the 3-phase alternating current that power the motor stator windings. As the video explains, there is an ideal phase-angle relationship between the magnetic fields in the rotor's permanent magnets, and the phase angle of the rotating magnetic fields being produced by the stator. The motor control computer continually adjusts and optimizes this phase angle, based on the signal from the rotor position sensor, and other sensors, plus the driver's demand for power given via the throttle pedal or cruise control setting. I assume that the Tesla, and other EV cars, have a similar sensor on the rotor.
I assume the other motors smear feces onto the rotor magnet to coax the wheel into turning out of sheer disgust. Note that the feces must be continually lubricated which indicates that piss or vomit could be used in addition
@@aceman0000099 tf lmao
Yes. These sensors are typically called "absolute encoders" in the business.
Toyota use Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBT) not MOSFETs
@@AlexBesogonov Toyota call these sensors 'Resolvers'
This content is for free ? Cant believe
Big heart, Thanks for this buddy ❤
TH-cam engineering creators are more intelligent and knowledge than IIT professors. It's a fact. I've been to IIT to attend a few technical seminars. These professors know very little thing. They are stuck in 1970s technology. They know only the basics of new tech. Nothing of deep knowledge.
That's the kind of idiot comment that encourages requiring payment for everything going. If you strongly feel the need to pay for everything, do so quietly with a donation and keep your stupid mouth shut! My guess though is that you have zero intention of giving away money and are just posturing for likes with your comment.
@@cypher10297 Who's IIT? Indian Institute of Technology? Illinois Institute of Technology?
@@magnetospin 1st one I suppose
This is just basic engineering things.
Great explanation, the interaction between two different magnetic fields is never easy to visualize, but this video really makes the point!
Motors are fascinating! I had the good fortune to work in a motor laboratory at an OEM and learn lots about them. I own a Model 3 and it definitely has a lot of torque and is fun to drive.
Thank you for this. The modeling is superb however I wish this video was longer to really explain the cooling and how the motors work in tandem. You are missing a conclusion that wraps everything up and a chance to add more detail. I’m sure you already know all of this. Again, great video! TH-cam needs more people like you.
Well done! Thanks for the high quality content, gentlemen
This is obviously not a video for everyone....but those in the know appreciate it a lot. I have been working with Eddy currents since 1999. And in the future it seems I will keep working with them...
If you drive these in the Southern hemispere, they go faster in reverse.
Awesome animation; makes it so much easier to understand.
Finally, its so much easier to understand the relationships.
0:19 Me, in the supermarket trying to choose an icecream flavour.
lmao
You mean like the smiley silicon 4 handed *thing*
Chocolate I love
It's such a rocky road to make decisions about ice cream...
😁🤪😁
Im glad I watched this and I understood EVERYTHING, my lawnmower needs a new spark plug
good one
Your lawnmower can run at full power on its tank of gasoline longer than a Tesla can run at full power. That's the truth. I'm guessing that five minutes at FULL POWER will drain the battery of a Tesla car.
xd
@@philipmiller5036 the truth is electric appliances are the most efficient things in terms of energy comversion and usage WHEN THEY ARE CORDED to grid. Thats why electric lawnmover is superb and electric cars are very inefficient. Battery blocks them and since they still need to first convert energy from grid (1/3 phase, depending on charger) to DC and then from DC to 3phase, there is not only unnecessary level of electronics that are nightmare in maintenance, but also there are a lot of losses.
The genius behind this is mind-boggling imho and I´m saying that as a technician. I´m continually amazed by what intricate designs human beings can come up with.
That man-child character is going to give me nightmares, I know it.
He wants to know how your insides work.
That’s what happens when you outsource your animation from India
@Paul _we fellow commenters stand should-to-shoulder with you against the maniacal man-child!_ 🤜🤛
Looks kinda like Sid from Toy Story...
They kinda cute though
Thanks for some great info and animation. Even so, I'll have to watch it a few times to fully understand it.
Its amazing how most of the technology used in electric vehicles, is not particularly new or groundbreaking. Most of the parts were invented long ago. It just needed someone to add some innovations for use in cars.
Just tested the model 3 overnight. This is a people's sports car with small family utility capacity. The steering is dead on, the motor and acceleration is a dream, beats any gas powered varieties hands down with ease! Completely blown away! Model 3 rules!
Totally agree. Drove a model 3 LR about four months ago and it was mind boggling. The torque and acceleration was unlike anything I’ve ever experienced! Unfortunately, I can’t afford any new car currently, but if I could, I’d be getting a Model 3 no doubt! It actually made up my mind to get a computer science degree to get into the EV field. So that’s what I’m in the process of working on now!
Now take out the governor and fly to the moon
The visualisations in this are really great. Its particularly nice that the influence of clever control algorithms is shown as well as the basic physical setup. Second semester engineering students rejoyce.
Also I am glad to see that it was noted that this was used looooong before model 3 came about. The BMW i3 is another such example if I recall correctly.
What was missing imo was a visual representation of losses over rotor speed and load. Because the main issue of induction motors in automotive applications is their bad partial load performance which is not only dependant on speed.
1st semester English students shake your head. It's R E J O I C E
The real magic here is reducing the effect of Eddy Current, massive amount of R&D and work been done here for this design. Thx for explaining
Oh I know him. Plays violin with Brett Raisin.
i just graduated and im supposed to understand motors but your video is incomprehensible.
Not easy to explain electromagnetics while avoiding all the ∭. Great video!
Great explanation. Makes you wonder why and when this style of power generation will be applied to the utilities industry and better yet, at the residential home level.
My brain just blew up 🤯🤯🤯🤯🤯
same here
My head hurts.
Basically reduce friction between the magnetic field lines increases efficiency. All achieved by interlocking them by changing the angle.
This is the easy part. Try understanding and improving battery chemistry if you want a real challenge.
Hi, I am Graeme John Eddington. Following is my TH-cam post of my Multi-speed transmission I have called: "Opposing Torque Dynamic Clutch" which is a type of Infinitely Variable Transmission (IVT) which I believe is ideal for your current applications. Please log on to my TH-cam video: th-cam.com/video/SACDK89U7PM/w-d-xo.html
What a brilliant video and teaching skills just blew my mind🤯
Thank you. That was both educational and entertaining. So much brainpower goes into these things it's hare to fathom it all.
have been looking for an explanation like this for a while, great job LE team!
As an ee student I'm used to looking at the phasors.
This is an excellent video. Much thanks for taking out the time to explain everything and maintaining the perfect balance between making it very technical and Not boring.
This was great!! please do motor videos of problems TSLA engineers have, and how they solved them! Very interesting!
Very mind bogging research. Hats off to the researchers.
I barely understand but couldn't stop watching 😅
They got some real geniuses working on this stuff.
Yep, Toyota got some smart engineers.
@@senic35 Taking away from the effort in creating your own motor and implementation and giving credit to 1 company out of many that worked on this technology...
Volvo trucks had it 2013. But not in production.
I still thinking how much hard work he has done for making this video 😊
Thank
Best video on youtube for this particular subject.
So much hard work had to go into making this video. Amazing, thank you!
94% efficiency is still a lot more than 20% efficiency of the average internal combustion engine, not including drivetrain loss. Great video!
apples to oranges to correctly compare would need to account for the efficiency in the production and distribution of the electricity to charge the car.
You have to consider the WTW efficiency to be honest. BEV can be better than ICE but not 94% vs 20%. The electricity to recharge the battery has to be produced in some ways, if it is produced through fossil fuel the WTW efficiency is much Lower. You comparison doesn't have sense because there are different boundary conditions.
@@federe6786 you mis-understood the point of my comment. It was simply to say that the efficiencies of the electric motor cannot be compared to an IC motor at the vehicle level.
@@markhgillett sorry, there is a misunderstanding, my comment was for vortifyne (the person who commented under the video), not for you. I agree with you 👍, we were pratically saying the same thing
@@JohnSmith-uy2jg of course that 70-80% losses include heat
Very nice animation of an induction motor and a permanent magnet motor . . . and reluctance . . . and the "hybrid." :) Clever design.
Amazing video, thanks! as I have an interview coming up while back ground comes from aviation this really helped me understand the technology more.
This made me feel stupid af.
Im a design engineer and im also in awe, don't feel bad.
Yea
You’re in good company; I have a bachelors degree in physics and had to pause and rewind SEVERAL times to wrap my head around this
I only graduated highschool and I understood it all from start to finish no rewinding needed.
The concept is simple but the terminology is what most people are missing to understand what's going on here. They are reshaping the fields from the permanent magnets during high speeds to reduce Eddy currents that cause excessive heat. That's what they are demonstrating at 5:30 and 6:45 by placing permanent magnets within the slots in the rotor.
Not saying this is cake work to design and build, only that the concept is simple to understand once you know the language.
th-cam.com/video/RXJKdh1KZ0w/w-d-xo.html
So 1960s style presentation---love it.
Visualization of magnetic field is great. Any one can understand the principle. I enjoyed the presentation. Thank you...
This video made it possible for me to understand a little bit about electric cars, unlike anything I imagined. thank you very much
Khó hiểu chết mẹ với chả làm được gì =)
Gr8.
Brandy says hi FongSta.
😘😘
Wikipedia about Tesla, Inc.: th-cam.com/video/NJz_RGYJs14/w-d-xo.html
Repent to Jesus Christ!!
“Jesus said to her, “I am the resurrection and the life. The one who believes in me will live, even though they die; and whoever lives by believing in me will never die. Do you believe this?””
John 11:25-26 NIV
I thought they were talking about a predator generator 😂
Looks exactly like the large servo motors we were using on a production line back in the 1990's. They can accelerate like hell, decelerate the same and brake, and even stop at a selected position. We did not have high inertial loads on the output shaft which can create some of the issues discussed here. I don't understand why the PM 'servo' wasn't adapted sooner.
Efficiency of our batteries. Its one thing when you have a AC/DC connection to the wall or some other power supply, and another entirely when you have to count on a battery to live for multiple years of discharging quickly. It was adopted sooner, just not in the "Mass produced" automobile sector.
epic work, I love this channel. thank you guys
Thank you for a brilliant explanation, supported by this fine animation.
What a superbly explained presentation! Many thanks!
Amazing what you can learn watching TH-cam videos...this video has a ridiculous high level of quality and detail..This explanation video should be part of any mechanical engineering study..
This the the electric car version of ignition advance curves to improve efficiency at different speeds.
Yeah, something of the sort.
Unfortunately, spark advance did not resolve the issue of Coil magnetic-saturation at high RPMs. That was resolved later with multiplexing multiple Ignition coils. (first it was 2 coils (50% duty cycle) now some cars have one coil per Cylinder.....)
Very good analogy.
@Robert Slackware They don't have 2 levels of CONTACTS. It's all electronic Commutation.
and they don't fire on empty cylinders.
the EIS simply monitors the firing sequence
then triggers the proper coil.
By sharing the duty cycle the Coils have time for proper saturation. which was a problem at HIGH Rpms.....
Not at all. Inverter motor simply take the electricity and adjust the frequency. The outlet in your home runs at 60hz. The inverter changes this HZ to whatever it needs. It goes from 1hz to 1khz (top limit would be the maximum rpm the motor can handle). The first DC brushless motor was the gas gauge in vehicles back from the middle 1900s. Yes that is a DC brushless motor.
Not at all like that. The old motor they had would run like that. They had timing advances. This is like running 2 ignition systems both at the same time and blending between them depending on RPM
Wow…. Lots of effort went into making this video…. Great job!
Person who designs and builds electric motors for a living summary here:
So they went from a 3 phase squirrel cage motor to a permanent magnet motor, put the magnets from the outside the rotor to the inside to get better efficiency and realized that solid magnets weren't as efficient as individual magnets. They also realized that by continuously changing the phase angles that it would give them the best results for driving, this is seen in most modern power tools and features in Milwaukee power tools.
Yup. Battery powered hand tools have historically been the far more difficult test for electric motors.
Summery?
@@ConstructiveMinds100 This is a summary.
So Adam NZ, the Plaid must have three of these puppies, to make that much torque?
Elon might have a job for you?........batteries are the barrier now,,,,,how is your electro chemistry?
Excellent work guys should aid even a non professional. Good work..
The first video I've seen of yours--it''s great! You've got a new subscriber.
What amazes me is just by a simple repositioning of magnets, you will Tremendously gain more efficiency
Good animation combined with great explanation gives a good understanding..thanks a lot.
This is incredible!!! Could you imagine Tesla himself seeing this now? He’d be like, “Oh yes quite splendid, and mostly correct!”
Tesla invented the induction motor.
patents leaked, from a dude that was lightyears ahead of, and squelched by>?
or he'd be like, "I'm just sayin" "
Imagine what he could have done with access to today's computers, AI, laser cutters, 3d printers and other rapid prototyping tools.
3"s motor uses segmented magnet ,that is good to know ,in which gap between act as fin and reduces eddy effect
That's exactly right... a simple yet effective solution which also reduces heat, increasing performance with less chance of demagnetization of the permanent magnets (your know the old adage "kill two birds with a stone").
@@BillAnt I wonder why other companies don’t do this. It’s such a simple way to take on heat but like stated in the video, Toyota doesn’t? Are there downsides to it?
@@willg125 - Maybe Toyota hasn't watched this video yet to get a clue. lol jk Often decisions come down to cost or other factors.
No day no Night, just a eclipse. No gravity even!
The reluctance motor was my project in my final year at Surrey University in 1969!!!
I’m not an engineer but somehow this slightly made sense to me. Great visuals for sure
Stop insinuating that you have intelligence
Hehe I couldn’t understand a single thing,but I appreciate your hard work
In short, There are two magnetic fields that are shaped like Jewish stars (6 points). If one tries to turn right or left, the other will follow. The further they are misaligned, the more torque they will have. Hope this helped!
Please improve basic concepts
Basically this is using two wrongs to make a right. Well kind of.
Amazing breakdown!
Wish you were my professor in the uni...
video made it possible for me to understand electric cars thank you
The rotor's magnet catches the magnetic field lines as the stator windings rotate laterally.
@study4 ever l, k ķ k
Yeah, they said that.
@@shannonjossy7994 Me no KKK
Echo
Echo
etc etc
This 12 minute are equal to about 2 hours in colleges ..thank you
This is highschool material. I graduated in electromechanics for reference.
@@lIlIlIlIlIlIlIlIlI So you learned all kinds of motors in high school?
I AM so glad that I found this TH-cam channel
Damn perfect explaination very very clear and to the point..
to those having a headache: 1. when magnets are moved around wires an electric current is induced in the wire. i.e. electrons move. 2. if electrons move thru wire a magnetic field also circles the entire length of the wire. electricity and magnetism are not separate. it is one phenomena joined from two properties = electro-magnetism. 3. so, use the magnet's field to move metal parts around, like a drive axle.
You are confused, electricity and magnetricity (not magnetism) are two sides of one coin.
Define field? Are particles really moving(electrons)?
@@soundtrancecloud5101 the key answer is that elektromagnetic fields can be split in the "electro" part and the "magnetic" part, the angle between them is 90 degrees, here pops up the translation of the rotor of 45 degrees, here you see the difference between zero-max - zero the 50 degree is just a result of the vector calculation. it is not rocket science, it is more difficult:)
One of the reasons they used induction motors in the first place is the criticality of dysprosium, a rare earth element in which China controls 90% of which is used in high performance permanent magnets. Luckily, this is changing as the US is opening a mining facility in Mountain Pass and Australia is also starting to produce.
Many thanks for the explanation! Regards from an electrical engineer
What a incredible presentation
We are at the dawn of advanced motor engineering - with the amount of money pouring into EVs and the competition for carmakers to survive, EV motor technology has the potential to really accelerate over the next decade or two.
Electric motors already are at the higher end of 9X% efficiency, which is already double the efficiency of combustion engines.
It's cool if they get another %, but if you want EVs to get a jump in performance, the batteries, like QuantumScapes new Solid State Battery design, have the most potential.
@@carstekoch The competition for motor improvement doesn't stop at efficiency. Gains in motor power and rpm's will remain ongoing.
@@stevenhill3136
Yes and no.
If you desperately want a Single gear EV, maybe with 4 motors one on each wheel, than this is a valid concern, otherwise you can just insert a gearbox and regulate your power and rpms through that. at the cost of weight and maybe space.
ccp laughs on tech others are making, i think ... communism is always wanting usurpingly to be the motor and others its fuel.
@@nextchannelnext8890
I believe you responded to the wrong comment.
I watch this in front of my parents to impress them how smart I am, even though I don't understand anything
Congrats
Hahah, great! ;D
You will need a certificate next 😂
best one
lol
Very nice video, congrats!!!
I have a question. SynRM has so much benefits but what's is going on in regards of regenerative braking?
Excellent video. Easy to understand for the interested layman. Makes me excited even more to get into the Tesla EV market.
that's how variable valve timing assume in synchronous reluctance effect
"Electric V-Tec just kicked in yo"
VVT is cam phasing tech. This doesn't incorporate any actuator OR spool valve .
@@raunaksingh1257 i say assume. not similarity in mechanism. u r not petrolhead r u
@@rasyidsuhaimi295 yes now I'm not petrol head 😂 ... I'm motor head (future is electric).
@@rasyidsuhaimi295 I drive a petrol car and am aware how one hundred years can improve an ICE however it is very complex and needs a lot of maintence. Imagine if ICE was introduced now? Whut? lots of little explosions! What do you mean that inflammable petrol has to be stored in suburban locations?
The electric motor is a lot simpler compared to a whole lot of pistons and cams burning fuel and turning gears.
And an electric motor doesn’t have to idle.
And this video is roughly 20 years of development, imagine if EVs were developed from the 1920s? It’s a pity that the oil and ICE sought to limit EVs.
This " new " motor is the same I have in my skateboard, BLDC. It's been fine for years. All motors produce some back EMF and that's what's used for regeneration braking.
But anyway I want one .
Great presentation of a great idea. Motors like this should soon start appearing on machinery like overhead cranes and other lifting machinery?
Super video - I’d love to know more about hoe the EMF is controlled!
Fliipin' 'eck, that animated character is nightmare fuel.
Great to see strides made to reduce back EMF in new motor designs. I just hope they keep the moving parts at a minimum and don't go the "VVTI" route and start adding complexity and internal moving parts to it to "maximize efficiency by moving the magnets closer to the outer edge on startup and/or changing the angle relative to the reluctor slots on the fly to vary the torque". The newer internal combustion engines are getting ridiculous in that regard, increasing complexity and therefore cost while decreasing reliability, repairability and longevity. All this done to say they are whatever percent more "efficient". To me efficiency means to do more with less. K.I.S.S.
BTW, is that a passive heat pipe built-in the motor shaft at 11:40 ? Wouldn't the spinning shaft affect the flow or is that a simplified representation with the actual part having spiral grooves cut into it like a rifle barrel to aid fluid movement?
They wont having 96% eff is insane only Aliens have invented 100% unity
Excellent video ...so much detailing ..thanks buddy
Thank you for detailed explanation.
Last minute of the clip: " Actually, Toyota was the first to use this technology"
I'd guess that Toyata also was only the first Car manufacturer to use this technology. There were definetely other companies who used these types of motors in other applications way before.
Edit: typo
Yep, but Tesla is doing it better. First =/= best.
Look up the word similar and then compare the two motors😉
Thats what covid vaccine videos always say at the end.
@@Synthmilk There was no need to jump into a fight.
@6:57 "This design is the internal permanent magnet synchronis reluctance motor" Well of course it is ! Who didn't know that ? :) lol
me didn't and I still don't
Im reluctant.
What is the magnets material and how is it owned?