What Is The World's Oldest Country?
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 28 ก.ย. 2022
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Of the roughly 190 countries in the world today, fewer than 30% existed in their current form 100 years ago.
Most historical nations, kingdoms, and empires have vanished and others have arisen in their place. But some have stood the test of time.
So what is the world's oldest country, how have they survived, and what does it have to do with Satanically possessed Dalmatians?
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Sources and Further Reading:
China
China - John Keay John King Fairbank, Merle Goldman - China_ A New History-The Belknap Press (2006)
Patricia Buckley Ebrey, Kwang-ching Liu - The Cambridge Illustrated History of China-Cambridge University Press (1999)
M.Loewe , E.L.Shaughnessy - The Cambridge History of Ancient China-Cambridge University Press (1999)
Iran
The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 2: The Median and Achaemean Periods
by I. Gershevitch (Editor), Stanley I. Grossman (Editor), H.S. Darke (Editor)
The History of Early Iran by George G. Cameron
Iran in History by Bernard Lewis
Xavier de Planhol, “IRAN i. LANDS OF IRAN,” Encyclopædia Iranica, XIII/2, pp. 204-212
Iran A Modern History (Abbas Amanat)
Shahnameh The Persian Book of Kings (Abolqasem Ferdowsi Davis (trans.))
Armenia
A History of Armenia by Vahan M. Kurkjian
Armenia, Cradle Of Civilization by David Marshall Lang
The Armenians by Anne Elizabeth Redgate
Greece
Creators, Conquerors, and Citizens: A History of Ancient Greece by Robin Waterfield
A Brief History of Ancient Greece: Politics, Society, and Culture by Sarah B. Pomeroy, Stanley M. Burstein, Walter Donlan, Jennifer Tolbert Roberts. Oxford University Press
Daniel Ogden - The Blackwell Companion to Greek Religion
San Marino
www.sanmarinosite.com/en/hist...
The Republic of San Marino. Author(s): William Miller. Source: The American Historical Review , Jul., 1901, Vol. 6, No. 4 (Jul., 1901), pp. 633-649. Published by: Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Historical Association.
• The Confusing History ...
San Marino World Bibliographical Series; V. 188 by Edwards, Adrian.; Michaelides, Chris.
Egypt
The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt by Ian Shaw
Ancient Egypt: From Prehistory to the Islamic Conquest (The Britannica Guide to Ancient Civilizations) by Kathleen Kuiper (Editor)
India
A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century by Upinder Singh
India’s Ancient Past by R.S. Sharma
The Penguin History of Early India from the origins to AD 1300 by Romila Thapar
Ethiopia
The History of Ethiopia by Saheed A. Adejumobi
A History of Ethiopia by Harold G. Marcus
Foundations of an African Civilisation, Aksum & the northern Horn 1000 BC - AD 1300
by David W. Phillipson
Other
Nationalism A Very Short Introduction (Steven Grosby)
Nationalism, Colonialism, and Literature (Terry Eagleton, Fredric Jameson, Edward W. Said)
Nations and Nationalism since 1780 Programme, Myth, Reality (Eric J. Hobsbawm)
Imagined Communities Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism (Benedict Anderson)
Nations and States (Hugh Seton-Watson)
Music by Epidemic Sound: epidemicsound.com/creator
Video/Images provided by Getty Images and Archive.org
Maps provided by maptiler/Geolayers
#History #Geography #Animation #AncientHistory
It's unfair to not point out to india if u are mentioning Greece...Greece too was more of a civilization and collection of states than a unified country....india meanwhile Was also United in a large part by mauryas etc but the scripts,language,religion,cultural self awareness has been there since centuries...even our ancient scripts mentions the extent of bharata or india
Greece had been united by macedonia which was a greek state
the country named india was created after countries got split. Unless you’re talking about the dynasties
Nope, "India" is still an identity in the making. And unlike others, diversity, appreciation and acceptance is truly what makes us different from others.
ah, Indians. always claiming everything in their stale history
I wouldn't go to far with the acceptance and diversity, you have Hindu nationalism running rampant and problems with pakistan/muslims, just like how the Muslims claim they are all peaceful. I do not live there, and the media distorts things to there own agenda so you can enlighten me if you wish.
You didn't mentioned the holy penguin empire of antarctic. With almost 20 million citizens/militia they can put up a good fight with Australians + who knows how long they have been living there or how much advanced their tech is....
Glory to Penguinia
I love penguins
Empire of the ants has a lot more.
@@hydrolito there are loads of ant empires, they go to war more often than ancient china
Penguins live!!!
This is really historical throughout but you mentioned something called "Belgium" and I don't think that exists.
Yeah I'm pretty sure it's some sort of fantasy world like Middle-Earth
It was a weird waffle worshiping cult from the 6th century, no country as ridiculous as Belgium could exist now
@@CogitoEdu We ride unicorns here and our maps show 'here be dragons' when referring to Holland
Sounds like a place that would be close to Bielefeld...
It’s pronounced bell,gy,umm
Iran's history is way older than Achaemenids, it dates back to the Medes, and the Median king Deioces who founded Iran and Achaemenids just took over and made it larger. The best thing about Iran is that ever since it's existence, it has been multicultural, no matter if we're Turk, Arab, Persian, Kurd, we are Iranians because our culture is Iranian.
WHY iranians hate on Sunnis and Greatest Caliph Abu Bakr
Agree persia/faras is one of the oldest countries.
@@kdreamscosmos4279 Persia is just the name of a province in southern Iran, Iran has always been called by it's local name, Persia was given to us by foreigners.
Well, Iran has lost most of it's culture to religion. And it was not multicultural because multiculturalism means existence and growth of multiple cultures together. But Iran was conquered and colonised. The original culture was lost forever with attacks and expulsion of inhabitants who refused to leave their culture amd adapt a different one.
@@aliazarmehralparslan6067 Persia is old name of Iran, not province
i have so much apperction for how much the animation and editing have improved over time video look so great who every animate this need a raise and love
Thank you so much 😀
deserves 5 animated chihuahuas
@@tymon5349 strongly agreed
Came for the history, stayed for the unicorn the light-saber wielding platypus and the jet-ski lama !!!
As an Ethiopian, this is a well researched and narrated video. I enjoyed every moment of it.
As a Kenyan with some roots in Ethiopia, I agree.
@@ngethekinyanjui2124 As a random person responding to this, I approve of this message
As a white guy from Maine, I will yield to the other two gentlemen.
@@NA-AN
@@sidehustlefinance Forgot to mention this like half a year ago but I’m not just a random guy but a Somali random guy.
I just had to tell someone.
I was just watching some videos of yours and wanted more and this got recommended,perfect timing!Love your videos!
Glad you like them!
I just started watching your channel recently. A person who loves to explore cultures, sings poorly to prevent getting sued by the LOTR film studio, and ranks things on a Chihuahua-based system is awesome in my book. Life can be hard sometimes, but videos like yours are pretty awesome. Thank you.
haha no thank you for watching! This was a great comment to receive.
I would love a video on the Persian empire that part of the vid was awesome!! Great work man
India was never a country. India was always a cultural nation. Not completely united under any single king but stayed together in cultural sense for most part of history. Not under a single culture though but mix of autonomous cultures and mutual respect of each other. That's why India still have more languages, cultures, tribes, cuisines and people than most of the world. My polity teacher called India salad bowl of cultures instead of melting pot because we were/are still together but we still have our cultures intact. India will never become a single country in terms of language, culture, cuisine, race or even religion.
It was United in 300 B.C and greece was also not United in atiquety their where sparta, Athens, ......
@@Dev_Singh44 Not exactly. India was not united under single ruler even in 300BC. Even areas under single ruler were not under his control completely. They had autonomous areas. That's why they were called Ganarajya. And looking at culture, geography, size and population of India, it was impossible to control it completely under a single ruler. India was always one of the world's most densely populated areas with most heterogeneous cultures.
Greece, China, Arabs, etc were mostly homogeneous on cultural, linguistic or religious lines. And homogeneity was considered by the presenter of this video as most important factor for being a country. So, India obviously fails.
Yes agree with your argument but all indians are under same civilization.
@@tejoramyemineni A very diverse civilization to be precise. People think that if Greeks are mentioned then Indians should be. But Greek civilization is quite a new phenomenon. Only in 18th century, Europeans started to think of Greek as their civilizational ancestors. This was after enlightenment phase of Europe.
@@Vivek-ib9st yeah
I found it’s fascinating to summarize this all information in 25 minutes touching all important points.
Looking forward to new videos!
What an awesome video. I always love your videos because they’re very visually pleasing and the topics are interesting. What a great idea for a video, awesome stuff.
Your videos are great! Your one of the most underrated TH-camrs out there! Wonderful video
Glad you think so!
@@CogitoEdu where is india indus valley chlovilization started around 3500 bc
@@eliotanderson6554 he dont care lol atop asking make video utself, reality is bharat |/ india is oldest continous nation same relegion followd since sindhu sarasvati sabhyata (indus vally civ) murti proves it and most indian langauge either came from Sanskrit ir are heavy Sanskrit vocab
Bro, your videos are all of such high quality! Keep up the great work!
Surprised Japan didn't get at least a shout out, they have the oldest conception of continuous statehood represented in the emperor (the oldest royal dynasty, not the oldest practical governing system), it is nearly completely culturally and linguistically homogenous, hasn't undergone any invasions that brought the islands under long term foreign rule, speaks the same language that they were speaking thousands of years ago (albiet with a newer Japanese script), still have a generally Shinto based society that is thousands of years old, the only issue is cultural conception of themselves where due to their isolation Japanese didn't really start concieving of themselves as consciously Japanese until perhaps the early modern era.
Probably is a myth don’t mean much. And all those weirdos saying Japanese culture is great was adopted from Chinese ones, albeit with there own takes
Actually even Korea and Vietnam are more ancient than Japan, that is because these peoples were influenced by China, then most powerful state in Asia, much earlier than Japan.
Once Japan got influenced by China, It took over 800 years to create an identity, but still influenced by Chinese and Indian cultures.
I would go even further, it wasnt until 1980s that Japan consolidated its identity.
japan is too young to even get mentioned. you said "thousands of years ago", when in reality it's more like 1600, at best. no jinnmu does not count.
How old these things in Japan are, is up for debate. The state itself is certainly not thousands of years old. About 1800 years maybe according to some theories.
@@Deepak_Dhakad Indian subcontinent wasnt unified until the Muslim and British invasions, and South Asia has always been a poor region, although that scenario is now changing due to globalization.
China in its turn has always been a rich state both economically and culturally and most of the time unified, even when China was invaded by the Mongols, the Mongols ruled as Chinese.
China was also the heart of the Silk road, all kinds of peoples would come to China to trade, to buy Chinese goods etc.
India was never as rich and unified as China because of its religious backwardness.
I always know it’ll be a great day when I start my morning with cogito
This is some super awesome content , amazing editing and the animations so smooth and simple. Noiiice
Thanks that means a lot!
@@CogitoEdu 🤗
Very well done. Thanks for this.
For all the indians out there as an Indian let me clarify that this video is not about oldest/advance civilization but oldest country. Most will agree that India did not remain united for most of time in history and thus our country is included in honorable mention.
Also there was no unifying language throughout history (& even today )
@@giiiiiiiiiiii2341 not in the south
@@giiiiiiiiiiii2341 but hardly common people used. They used various types prakrit in ancient times. In case of Greece and Iran there was one language used by most of the people.
@@giiiiiiiiiiii2341 bhai Tumhari baaton se lagta hai tum Abhijit chavda ke subscriber ho. If yes, then Great bhai, if you're not, then also great, i agree with all your information..
@@scyber_avatar true bhai 😂😂😂
I didn't know "0 - 5 historically accurate chihuahuas" was a rating system that existed until now.
Metric's days are numbered, the Chihuahua measurement system is superior.
@@CogitoEdu as a slave of the metric dictatorship I welcome my new chihuahua savior.
It's always a good day when Cogito uploads! Love your videos man!
Great video as always! I just have to say that at 9:39 you combine the Buyids and the Fatimids, which would have been split basically between the U and Y in Buyids. Fatimids on the left with nearly all North Africa, the Levant, and Hejaz; while the Buyids had Iraq and western Iran. (can't wait for your video on the Telugu people of India!)
What does video on the Telugu people have to do with this
I a. Telugu🎉🎉🎉
Yes you are right 👍
Sign up for an annual Curiositystream subscription with 26% off and you'll also get free access to Nebula curiositystream.com/cogito
What score do you reckon our tiny little island would get
Probably not a lot, almost every colonised country has a hard time getting on this list 😅
I'd say, roughly:
Language 0/5: It was wiped out by the British and despite efforts is still very much endangered
Religion 2/5: Irish paganism was wiped out but Ireland has been Christian for 1500ish years and had its own distinct brand of Christianity for a good while.
Territory 2/5: Being an island makes this easier but Ireland was made up of many kingdoms with different identities and unlike more centralised states there wasn't as much of a defined national "Irish" in the same way there was a "Chinese" one since ancient times. Plus you know the British colonising the country for centuries deducts points 🙃
Cultural Self Awareness: 3/5 Bring a island helps again because it was so isolated. There is definitely was an ancient sense of Irishness or Gaelness. You can see it in how widespread Irish mythology was and how unique Irish Christianity was. This would be reborn again during the rise of Irish nationalism. How "national" that early sense of Gaelness/Irishness was is debatable, I'd honestly need to read more about it and requires more than a TH-cam comment 😅.
This is just off the top of my head. There's so much to cover with these kinds of ideas of nation. That's one of the reasons I'm so nervous for this video 🤣
@@CogitoEdu 🤭🤫😄😄😄😂
Your the man
@@scyber_avatar The Maurya Empire didn't control all of the India though, the Tamils remained independent. So that deducts Chihuahuas and later empires didn't not claim continuity from the Maurya like Iranian or Chinese Empires did.
We explain in the video. India is still on the list. The other countries don't have perfect scores and each have their own issues with continuity. We mention the video is for fun and that it's simply my opinion and even in my opinion India is an ancient country, it's in the video a video which mentions 8 out of like 200 existing countries.
Greece for example lost points for its lack of territorial control and continuity but scored higher in other areas. India is not disregarded at all, it's literally in the video because it is a considered candidate.
When Iran popped up, I was expecting the Safavid to be brought in. But to my surprise, it did not. And I felt sad by this. By I read the other comment about it and I understand. So I will be looking forward for the video about Safavid Iran in the future!
because Achaemenid came firs
He also forgot about parthians but he did great
Just subscribed! I really love you videos, please make more videos frequently
Very interesting and well made . Thank you
ngl it's refreshing to see historical content on youtube being subjective and embracing it :p
Sometimes I lie awake in bed at night wondering why this channel has less than a million subs. Such rich, lovingly-made videos, thank you. :)
because this channel sticks to research and factual checks while constantly reminding us that it's only "his" opinions. While other channels like Wendover and Polymatter preach about their authenticity but are actually just following certain narratives and are mostly made of speculations and buzz..
cuz this channel didnt belive on " 300" movie :D
Your content is some good stuff
I don't really have anything to say. But i really like your videos!!. They are educational yet fun & entertaining to watch.
BRO I MISSED YOU 😢😢😢
Your videos are great at covering extremely challenging topics. Id think you would like the Ajanta and Ellora Caves in India. Im sure you know them by now, keen to hear your thoughts on them. Thanks again for all the wonderful work you showcase.
Sreekanth They would not mention any thing about India which is the oldest civilization in the world. India has more writen languages( alphabetical)than the whole world put together.
Hard to say what is the Indian civilisation as it is a combination of ancient Indus valley bronze age people's, from at least 5000 years ago, and then the Vedic people's from the steppe around 3000 (which brought in Sanskrit and the Vedas with very old stories). Then 500 years ago the muguls ran the show and finally the British united the country under the name India, which the Greeks had used. I think he struggled to show a united name, culture, language for India as it's pretty diverse and more of a common psychology. Perhaps in the future there will be new discoveries
@@ssimba2785sorry Indian civilization (vedic) isn't even in top 8. Top ones are Mesopotamia (birthplace of human civilization) ,then Egyptian and Indus Valley,then Yellow Civilization (ancient Chinese) and same time as Mycenaean and Cyptosium civilization. Vedic civilization about centuries began when Aryans migrated towards Iran, Afghanistan and Subcontinent after fall of the local Indus valley civilization
Another awesome vid, "carving out caves" ellora temples vid? 🤔
I had no idea about San Marino. Good video. Learnt something new today.
Ah, homoerotic artistry and pottery, usually featuring big buff dudes and twunks alike.
A proud and ancient tradition, indeed.
Who cares about buff dudes? Sappho is where it's at with the Greeks
The animation quality has significantly improved 🔥🔥👏🏼👏🏼.
Love all your videos! ❤ 😂 Animations are so cute
How are you? Long time no see speared knowlage perseve new cultures around the world way the go!
This is what India would look like if it made it to the list imo.
Language - 4/5 (India as a country doesn't have a singular state language but still uses languages officially that are very very old)
Religion - 5/5 (Quiet self explanatory)
Territory - 2.5 /5 (Although ruled by different kingdoms, the geographical idea of India/Bharat is very old)
Cultural self awareness - 2.5/5 (This is tricky cuz it was high during vedic period but under the rule of outsiders, it dropped)
Total - 14
I wouldn't put religion so high. Different Indian empires have at various points been Hindu, Buddhist, and Muslim, and even then Hinduism considered as a single religion is a bit of a stretch in my opinion. In addition to that, there are also minority religions like Sikhism and Jainism.
But the cultural awareness and the territory has no problem, if so you could drop awareness for most countries. I feel like if cogito could have broadened the reasearch base then it could have shiwn refined results territory is with Maurya, nanda, Maratha, and gupta which the territory and cultural seft awareness respectively should have been 4.5/5 and 5/5
India was never a country. India was always a cultural nation. Not completely united under any single king but stayed together in cultural sense for most part of history. Not under a single culture though but mix of autonomous cultures and mutual respect of each other. There why India still have more languages, cultures, tribes, cuisines and people than most of the world. My polity teacher can salad bowl of cultures instead of melting pot because we were/are still together but we still have our cultures intact. India will never become a single country in terms of language, culture, cuisine, race or even religion.
@@rasmusn.e.m1064 not about how different kingdoms changed their religion, it’s about how much religion was preserved. Indian religion is the best preserved in the world, modern Hindus still follow a religion who’s entire base dates back to the Bronze Age, while ancient philosophy is at least preserved though not accepted or practiced by most
@@descendedofrigvedicclans2216 If you're going to have such strong opinions I'd suggest you at least learn how to put them into coherent words first.
generally a good video, but I do have a few issues
1 - in the Greece section you claim that there is an unbroken line of written records stretching back 3400 years. This is just not true. You mention the Linear B script earlier in the video, but fail to mention that the reason it is not currently used is because writing died out in Greece after the bronze age collapse, and had to be reintroduced via the Phonecian script.
2 - this isn't an issue so much as an explanation about the confusion regarding the naming of the Achemaenids. The Achemaenids were a dynasty, who were ethnically Persian (note that the Greeks called them medes after a related people, not Persians but whatever), and ruled over a land they called Iran.
3 - in the Ethiopia section, you failed to mention the solomonic dynasty. This was a dynasty of Ethiopian emperors who claimed descent from King Solomon (the biblical one to be clear). The dynasty ruled for a very long time, and I think would be relevant to the culture section
Other than that though, good video.
I think that what he means about greece is that the language has a writing system since then, not that it has the exact same writing system
Bro the quality of these videos are just awesome ❤️❤️
Thank you so much 😀
@@CogitoEdu love from Bangladesh❤
It took me a while to watch this one, the title sound silly. But I was missing a lot, what surprising approach!
ur pronunciation of ge'ez was perfect my friend
The main thing I took away from this video: People it is ok to slap:
1. Finger-wagging historians trying to ruin people's fun
2. Hitler
That is the major lesson of this video
At 4:29 I appreciate the use of the monk conversion sound from Age of Empires 2. What a sneaky little addition.
Name : India
Derived from : Indus River
First Unified : Maurya Empire 322 BCE
Civilization : Indus Valley Civilization 3300 BCE
Language : Sanskrit, Tamil ( /5 )
Religion : Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism ( /5 )
Territory : IVC, Vedic Mahajanapadas, Maurya, Kushan, Satavahana, Pallava, Gupta, Harsha, Chalukya, Pala, Rashtrakuta, Pratihara, Chola, Vijayanagara, Mughal, Maratha, Sikh, Republic of India ( /5 )
Cultural Self Awareness : Diwali, Ashoka Chakra ( /5 )
Decide on your own 🇮🇳
Toilets & Plumbing System : 0
but in all seriousness, the Indus River Valley (what we call ancient india) is just modern day Pakistan. The steep lands were not considered apart of India until the British colonized that subcontinent. The Indian subcontinent was never united like that, as much as European subcontinent wasn't united under Napoleon.
@@hassanalbolkiah127 As per your logic Hagia Sophia was built by Turks since it is in Modern Turkey, Monks Mound was built by White Americans since it is in Modern USA, Alexandria was built by Egyptians since it is in Modern day Egypt.
Plus even after all that majority of sites of Indus Valley Civilization are still in Modern India only a few are in Pakistan.
@@indiafirst3676
Muaryan Never Introduced A Concept of Unified India Infact they had Alot of Internal Conflicts And Didnt Capture South thats All And After them India Was Divided into Several States And Kingdoms
@@Its-darkdead6 Tamil Kingdoms were Vassals of Maurya Empire
It is inaccurate to name Philip as an outsider to the Greeks, in the same category as the Romans or the Ottomans.
Hahah actually the maccedonians is the real Hellenic Greeks because they are Indo European both culture and linguistics
Ok, your videos are amazing! It deff gives me a Civ game vibe! Great work thank you!!
I'm looking for the "Yakko's Nations of the World" parody someone's gonna make out of this X3.
"Ancient Egyptians built these pointy tombs" Graham Hancock is somewhere screaming 🤣
14:57 Does anyone knows where that is exactly ? The murals are so beautifully colorful
*Bharata ( Modern day India ) is oldest country in the World* ✌
*..... Archeology student from Berkeley University California*
literally just finished watching this vid and see it got posted here seconds ago lol
Took me long enough but I finally signed up for Nebula! Thank you Cogito!
Such a rich and fascinating video of global and chronical scope. Cógito is the b'est.
Great video, however India indeed have been a united country for centuries, Guptas, Cholas, Chalukyas and many more empires ruled India, and similar to Greeks where there were various independent state/city states, India also had many kingdoms which were all collectively Indian and had an Indian identity in their population
true, was hoping to see india in top 3
Agreed was saddened to see India or even Tamils not in the top 3 only in honourable mentions. The Indian civilization in general has a history of nearly 7, 000 years. They were the ones who taught/added onto China and Arabs Number system and the addition of Zero, Astrology and also Astronomy. They have the oldest written languages both Sanskrit and Tamil both of which are still in use today and also written in todays time. They have the longest continuity of cataloging both the known world and their own localized worls. classifying all things including every species of aquatics, birds and animals, all plants and herbs were classed. The longest continuity of both Deity and Ancestor Worship, Medicine-Ayurved, eating, cooking, cleaning, clothing, celebrations. No other culture has such a long continuity of the tradition of self-discipline via. Yoga and Meditation. India's unification is in their love for diversity and the acceptance of anyone who has truth and kindness at their core. This however was an AMAZING VIDEO well animated, just over 20+ mins, and so informative and you never loose your sense of humour Man please keep up the work and knowledge you help spread and make fun for the un-engaged learners out there like I once was 🔥💯
Yess
After Maurya Empire India was never united, that's why when invaders came, Indian state never fought as a single army . Chola empire was great but they were dominant in south only . yes Tamil is the oldest language of India which still in use as fas as Sanskrit is concern there is not a single written document present that can prove that Sanskrit is older than 400-600 CE . All the old scripture were found in Pali and other languages but not in Sanskrit. Aryan came from Iran and they infused indian culture a lot
India was never a country. India was always a cultural nation. Not completely united under any single king but stayed together in cultural sense for most part of history. Not under a single culture though but mix of autonomous cultures and mutual respect of each other. That's why India still have more languages, cultures, tribes, cuisines and people than most of the world. My polity teacher called India salad bowl of cultures instead of melting pot because we were/are still together but we still have our cultures intact. India will never become a single country in terms of language, culture, cuisine, race or even religion.
China of course
Yep China's 2nd to none
Great video! 😍!
Hey man are we ever gonna get more commentary on nebula? Id like to see more on Hinduism and Buddhism.
Tonga deserves a mention - a 3,000 year old country/civilisation which hasn't been colonised nor conquered, meaning it is continuing to age onwards.
You could have mentioned that zoroastrian communities do still exist in Iran.
it's called revival, but not continuous existence
Cogito finally uploaded!
I'll be back with s cuppa tea bruhh
What happened to Mesopotamia? Beginning of civilization?
Wow. I like rating system as chihuahua.itd also fascinating that iran is derived from aryan . It has so much prominence from india to iran to even europe .wonder what was so interesting about it
Nepal is also the oldest country ❤ it is mentions on lots of Hindu books
You should make a video about the Principality of Sealand.
Great video! You're animation is awesome and the sound quality and effects are really well done!
I think it's important to remember that the People's Republic of China intentionally abolished the cultural norms (the 5 olds) of the previous Chinese empires, essentially ending Chinese history and starting a new nation. This was the intention of the cultural revolution, and continues to be upheld in the national education system. Chinese culture can't claim to have abolished all the old ways, and also claim a lineage back to antiquity.
1. The spoken Language of Mandarin Chinese is a modernised and standardised language based on the old dialects of Beijing, but it is not the same language that was being written using the Chinese writing system in earlier empires. Mao also changed the writing system, meaning that up until that time, it was possible for literate Chinese people to read ancient works of poetry and philosophy. It now is not, and all these great works now need to be translated in to modern simplified Mandarin to be understood. People outside of mainland China who still read traditional scripts can read the originals.
2. Religion was banned during the cultural revolution, and all religions were persecuted under the law. China now recognises 5 religions formally, but Daoism, Chinese Folk Religion and Confucianism aren't on the list. The official state religion is atheism.
3. Territory is difficult to justify from a European standpoint because the Chinese Mandate of Heaven said that whoever took over the throne was the rightful king of China. This means that even if China was taken over by a colonising nation (such as the Mongols or Manchus), the land would still be China, and the people still Chinese. But this is just a philosophy, and if we applied it to other nations, then countries such as Australia, India, and the majority of African nations would be considered much older. The longest lived dynasty on the same lands as modern China (with a continuous policy, royal family, language, culture, dress and military force) was the Zhou, which lasted for only 800 years. It's a long time, but not compared to other nations on the list.
4. Finally, cultural self awareness is a complex one, because it has been used by multiple governments over Chinese history (dynastic and modern) to oppress certain groups. I'd argue that the idea of a "single Chinese cultural awareness" is a modern invention being taught to Chinese students in their education system, but it still hasn't fully caught on, especially outside of the Han cultural hubs in the East of the country.
Just wanted to share some ideas here. Loved the video, and before anyone jumps on me, I think China is an awesome country, with a beautiful history and culture. I just don't think that we can fairly say that what is called China now has any real relation to China of the past.
just correct and discuss some parts:
1. people who grow up in PRC have almost no problem reading traditional Chinese characters
2. uneducated people might find it difficult to read 文言文. Still, it wouldn't be hard to understand the major part of poetries and texts for any student who finishes the 9-year mandatory education.
3. I think the religious culture in China (by this I include Taiwan island😌) is quite different from the west. The religious devotees' population is very limited. and it really confuses me when some people claim Daoism and Confucianism are religions, they are more like philosophies to me, instead of religions. And Chinese folk religions are more like superstitions to me🤣
4. I think Manchurian QING changed the way that the Chinese consider what is China. they snatched the throne but gradually abandoned their language, and merged Manchurian culture into this big concept of Chinese culture, which led politicians and historians to reconsider China as a multiethnic country. Now the uprisings of these two dynasties are widely considered as regime change, instead of being conquered by foreigners.
Hey there, just wanted to correct some of your points:
1) People from the PRC have little problem reading traditional Chinese characters, not really sure how you claim that Chinese people somehow cannot read ancient works of poetry and philosophy in their original forms.
2) As you said, the state recognizes the major world religions that have at least a significant minority presence in China, even Christianity, which, historically speaking, it really did not have a fond experience of. Your point that "Daoism, Folk religion, and Confucianism aren't on the list" is kind of meaningless. The state doesn't need to officially "recognize" these as religions, because neither the Chinese people nor the government even consider these to be organized religions in the same vein as the Abrahamic religions or Buddhism. They have always been a central part of Chinese life, and still are. No official recognition is needed because it's just that ingrained, which actually further improves China's score in this regard.
3) Of course. No one is denying that. But what you're saying is exactly key here: the Chinese were *willing* to say that no matter what ethnicity you were, as long as you were strong enough to conquer China, you could claim to be the rightful ruler of China. Han Chinese people have obviously been upset and threw hissy fits when the Mongols or Manchus took over, but they did begrudgingly accept their right to rule China and most importantly, agreed that they have the right to all previous culture from previous dynasties. When other countries are taken over, do they willingly share this same philosophy, as you've called it? My point is that you're using the fact that it's China themselves giving the "right to rule China" to others as a weak point, when in actuality, the (very begrudging) willingness to *let others rule China and continue to call themselves China* is in itself a strong point towards China's cultural continuity.
4) I'm really wondering what sources you have to back this on. China has been multi-ethnic, multi-cultural, multi-linguistic, and multi-religious for the exact same "multiple governments over Chinese history" that you talk about. Even Han people themselves are diverse af. That doesn't mean they are not Chinese. By the way, by your logic in this point, every other nation can be accused of this exact same thing. European nationalism? American exceptionalism? Japanese imperialism? India's efforts to unify its 40 or so linguistic groups to all speak Hindi and English? Every modern country pushes "a single cultural awareness of their specific national identity" because we live in a modern age of nation states.
Now, you did say you love Chinese history and culture. I appreciate that, and I can tell that you do actually know a lot more about China than the majority of people outside China. I realize that I did indeed sort of "jumped on you", but I hope my tone has been respectful and informative. The only part of your comment I took real issue with was when you claimed modern China doesn't have any "real relation to the China of the past," which I made an attempt to show otherwise above.
If you really read all this, I really appreciate it!
@@MiaMiao0_0 True, I think what you said regarding the 4th point provides some more insight to mine.
@tomasbyrom3954
Below is to clear up some point of view about China, why it is old. It is easy use the Western references to modern China from a lesser-known Chinese cultural viewpoint. That differs from what this video is concerned about - the oldest country. Sure, everyone will have their bias on what should be counted.
China has changed a lot in the modern era, but at the same time, only a little changed in 4,000 years. So we don't even know these changes would last. To study China, you must use a different standard than the traditional Western point of view. The Chinese point of view is quite different. The philosophies of Confucius and Taoism are good to start. The same characters' language style can be understood by today's people without much effort after thousands of years.
The Book of Change I Ching "易經" was written 3000 years ago, still mod China and her people today and the rest of East Asia. Two of the best-known scholars expand the philosophy from the book to their viewpoint. The famous one was Confucius, Taotse, with the rest. The favorite book, "The Art of War," studied by the Western business school and the military military, was evidence of the steadiness of the Chinese continuous culture. Throughout history, Chinese culture assimilated many countries, including those two "foreign" dynasties - the Mongolian and the Manchurian. On the one hand, you can say China was ended, or it was not by the evidence they got overflown by Han Chinese. In addition, these invaders declared themselves Chinese and followed Chinese traditions like Exams and festivals. It is like today; people come from all over the world and call themselves American in the US. But if the conquerer gives up their identity and adapts the custom of the land. That was an influential culture. Today, I do not know what Mongolian and Manchurian culture means, but I know Chinese culture.
There are no religions in China, from how Western Christian culture is defined. But it doesn't mean the Chinese have no belief system. The Chinese belief system is pragmatic. Jews, Christians, Muslims - Heaven and Hell are out. Why? Chinese believe in things that have benefit "reality" in this life. You often hear Chinese did great in school, major in doctor, lawyer or engineer degrees. When the current ruler of China, the Communist party, try to rule out religion, they mean to rule out foreign religion, especially Christianity and Muslim. They don't rule out the Chinese belief system. If you are Chinese, you understnad why. Here, I will spell it out by saying. "How many wars do humans fight because of religion." China likes to avoid wars if she can understand Tao's teachings. They want prosperity as all Asian countries wish because of the influence of China for thousands of years. Why Asian country rises, they has the same fomular from China. Why USSR, Eastern block countries, and African countries did not.
People should not say Australia or African countries have the same people qualifying as an old country. It's the continuous culture that counts. Old customs in the land can still be practiced for thousands of years. But are those practices tied to a written culture or a set of books? For the native Indian in America or native in Australia, they obviously do not count as an old country because they don't have the track record, powerful State, or culture to fall back on, as you found in China.
It is not a modern invention; students learn Chinese classic books (四書五經). My mother was born in 1914; in her high school, that was all her curriculum. All ancient Chinese students study that every four years, students go to the capital to take exams on these books. You can say, how do you know this written history is accurate. I can give you that to a foreigner. If the 四書五經 reproduced for 2000-3000 years when copying or printing was expensive without today's technologies. That is the evidence Chinese people acquired, used, and studied. Today, we learn Newtonian Physics books for the same reason because it is worthy in a physics class to get it; that book where the earth is flat probably won't withstand the test of time.
China culture is old, rich, and powerful, which defines an old country for me. Added the long history and how often she was the world largest GDP, technologies, and population. Additionally, her influenced in East Asia for a long time in language writing and the way life. Only when until the fluentialul young European culture descends on her, she still able to resist for 150 years and successfully emege in the 90s. That speaks the qualifiaction of a cultural empire. I call it the oldest country in my book.
Ethiopia is the Oldest continuously inhabited land on earth. Every human being originated from Ethiopia.
Petition to add the historical Chihuahuas to the metric system standards
You forgot Memnon! The Ethiopians are not only in the Bible and Koran, but also the Iliad! Memnon and his army came from Ethiopia to try to rescue Troy, but were defeated by the Greek hero Ajax.
Here is a fun fact, if you like political history. Have you ever seen the two-headed eagle emblem? It comes from Christian Rome, when Rome had two capitals, Rome and Constantinople. Each capital had their own Emperor. Rome fell but Constantinople lasted until 1453. When Rome fell one head of the eagle was gone, officially, but Charlemagne brought it back, forming what became known as the Holy Roman Empire, and claimed title to the two-headed eagle which they used proudly along with Constantinople until 1453. When Constantinople fell, Moscow assumed the political East head of the eagle, as the nobility of Constantinople had intermarried into Russia's nobility and many refugees fled from Constantinople into Russia. The "Tsar" (Russian for Caesar) assumed Moscow to be the third Rome. The Russian ruling family assumed the name "Romanov", meaning from the Romans.
In 1918 Austro-Hungary lost the war. Russia also disappeared and was taken over by Communism, the Romanov family all executed (they even executed their doctor and servants). Without really realizing it, the world had killed off both ancient heads of the double-headed eagle in the same year.
1918 is the actual, final death date of ancient Rome.
Just joined the channel after watching videos and I have to say, am a bit disappointed with that Subscriber count, it needs to be higher.
P.s. Keep up the great work.
Much appreciated!
Yoooo new vid 😎🤓😎
Production quality looks like it went up
Doing my best to make these videos look as good as possible for you all!
@@CogitoEdu It's as entertaining as is it good
No one's wondering why Axum was making symbols of literal skyscrapers!
Yeah wtf is that about?
Right? Like, did they plan on building some? Did they build actual skyscapers that miraculously left no trace?
History is so cool :D
My ancestors built so much as aksumites now we're called ethiopians
@@davidmorris8319 They did they have archeological digs they have churches literally underground.
@@EthiotendoEdits and eritreans
You do some mistakes but overall are the most accurate non-history channel related video maler youtuber imo.
What software you used for the animation?
You state the Mycenaeans developed the Linear B script and were the first "civilization" of Greece, but don't mention the Minoans, who developed Linear A (the source of Linear B), and predate the Mycenaean by centuries. Still love the videos though, Cogito, keep them up
Some new evidences suggest that Minoans were Mycenaeans
Minoans haven't existed since the bronze age, Mycenaeans (Greeks) still exist
@@Ibogaman No, they had a different language and culture, they were assimilated by Mycenaeans settlers later on.
Im wondering why you didn't mention Thrace when it has the oldest gold and influenced most of the trading back in 1000-300 BCE and they were one of the strongest warriors they were hired by almost every country to fight for them. Most of the countries have bought gold of them and stole their techniques and that is why most of the countries have gold masks of their head of the country. On top of that they had many tribes which came from Asia and got so many tribes through out of Europe and Asia. Maybe you could've mentioned that if they were united they were going to be the strongest civilization in the world as Herodotus (Greek Historian) said also they were mentioned in Iliyada and they fought in the Trojan war.
Those are all cool stuff but the video is about continuous countries surviving into the modern day. Not places that were really interesting in the past. We explain what the criteria for the video are at the beginning. Modern Thrace is currently split between 3 countries.
Can I ask what softwares you use for your animations please
Could you please make a video about st Petersburg
18:47 I like how you put that Mulan reference there
BE A MAN
I already got my popcorn
Absolute awesome! And I want meeerch! Satanic puppie shirts, bloodthirsting but cute looking conquerors and these super cool horsies! Merch the sh*t out of your animations!
How could you talk about continuous Iranian identity and leave out the dynasty which has contributed the most to Iranian identity today (the Safavids)? Also, using the Achaemenid/Hakhamaneshi dynasty as a starting point is kind of arbitrary. Achaemenid history was a point of emphasis for Mohammad Reza Shah and his father, but it's not necessarily scientific. Why not the Medes, for example? Even nowruz, for example, predates the Achaemenid and probably even predates the Zoroastrian religion.
The script originally had a discussion on the Medes and Safavids but unfortunately when it comes down to making simplified videos things get cut. It kills me to do it. The only way I could do it was by promising myself that I make a video on the Safavids later on 😂
The Safavids contributed the most to modern Iranian identity?? Is the pre-Islamic past others like the Timurids and Ilkhans irrelevant to modern Iranian identity??
The Safavids weren't the ones who contributed the most to Iranian culture identity they were at no. 3 or 4 but definitely not on top 2.
The first Shahanshah *Ismael I* of *Safavid Empire* claimed his descent from *Khosrow Anushirwan* of the *Sasanian Empire* and even admired his administration policies.
What exactly did the Safavids contribute to Iranian culture? I can't think of anything particularly notable, except maybe Mullahs and Shia fanaticism. They actually did a lot of harm to Iranian culture. They banned music and poetry, so entirely new forms of music and poetry had to be created in the Qajar period based on pre-Safavid works.
I'd say the dynasty that contributed the most to Iranian culture was either the Sassanian or the Samanid dynasty. Sassanians were the first to define what it really means to be Iranian. They were the ones who Persianized the Iranian plateau. If not for them, about half of Iranistans would still be speaking Parthian today.
On the other hand, Samanids synthesized the old Iranian culture with Islam, the new religion of Iranians, changing the direction of Iranian (or perhaps more precisely Persian) civilization and culture, setting it in a path that is still followed to this day. All the subsequent Persianate Turkic states that emerged in the Greater Iran and the wider Persianate world (thinking of Ottomas and Mughals), were Persianate in the way of the way set by the Samanids. Such was the cultural impact they left in the two centuries of their reign.
@ lambert As a Persian I would say: 1. Achaemenids (hakhamaneshian). 2. Sassanids (sasssanian). 3 Pahlavi Iran/Persia modern culture ther changed a lot of Arabic things back to Persian all from words, names of the days, month, festivals, cultures, Reza Shah invented something called “kashve hejab” which means you take off your hijab and niqab who girls were forced to wear during Qajar period (even during a period of Safavid I think) Pahlavi defended the country a lot when it came to dangers and world war 1 and 2z 4&5 Tahirids (Persians who took back Iran/Persia from Arabs but they were still influenced from the Arabs and the Arabs created fear in them in a way that if they would turn their back in Islam and it’s culture I guess they would burn in hell and all that - Taherians/tahirids gave the Arabic inspired Persian alphabet we have today) and 5 I would say to the Safavid who made Iran Shia Islam. I would literally put Safavid at the bottom. Iranian Turks like to believe they reinvented the culture but that’s actually false, they adopted the Persian culture, the Persians already were speaking and practicing their own faith actually. Many Safavid kings killed and harassed (not only the kings the society as general influence by the government) Zoroastrians which made them to over time convert to Islam. This does not mean that the Safavids were a bad dynasty, they were good and as a persian I liked it just not as much as Achaemenid, Sassanid and Pahlavi. ❤️❤️ (btw I ranked these as cultural point of view not how big or how many wars they won etc…)
The real crazy things about China are
1) it was the Rome of Asia but never fell
2) it was a nation state in the modern sense when Rome was just beginning to build its empire
3) there were very few points in time when China was not the most technologically advanced society on earth and no period when it was united and was not an extremely relevant state (even if not necessarily always a great power, looking at you late Qing)
China is not asia u mean east Asia there too china was under jaoanese colinialisam so china lost its home rule anyway and is a new country after ccp did hanification n mandrinitiation it killed hundreds of chinese language, there is no one langauge calles chinese languages
@@Deepak_Dhakad Is that latin script you seem to be typing in 🤔
@@Deepak_Dhakad I wonder why it is most of the world understands Latin script and not Han Chinese or Mauryan
@@Deepak_Dhakad the British aka the old province of Rome “Britannia” that adopted the official Roman state religion of Christianity even well into the Anglo Saxon age?
@@Deepak_Dhakad i think what you are forgetting is that Britain as well as France, Spain, Portugal and most of Europe is the continuation of Rome’s legacy (Spanish monarch legally bought the title emperor of Roman’s, napoleon claimed emperor of Roman’s, and British monarchs were sworn in Rome until king Henry viii)
12:05
Are you planning on making a video about Mani's religion even though it's considered by most as extinct?
It would still be interesting
Can you add subtle background sound too? It will be great!! Your videos are fantastic! I really love the visuals. Keep up the great work!!
You should take a second look at Armenia, it is older then you think.
Also hummus is considered an ancient food. Armenians do eat it but are not really known for it.
I'm so excited there's a new video out!!!! Great breakdown (as a historian I think the historical chihuahuas are absolutely on point), but I'm wondering why you didn't include Australia here, as the aboriginal Australians are considered the world's oldest culture (a bit different than a country, but still....) Japan should have at least made honorable mention too. I think a part 2 is in order here... ;-)
Part 2 definitely in order. I would love to have been able to include Australia kr say the Maya but they're history has some stark transformations. A part 2 that focuses on those would be fun!
As much as I love Aboriginal Australian cultures I wouldn't consider them a unified nation by any stretch of imagination. They were MANY cultures with their own systems of governance; it's like saying all of Eurasia is a country. However, individual nations do get five chihuahas out of territory since most cultures have inhabitted their lands for thousands of years; little expansionism due to religious beliefs about the lands.
And of course their cultural legacy was bulldozed by European colonisers.
Korea is actually older than Japan.
Strange how the ad I got after the Greece part was for a Dawn dish soap grease remover
3:36
The map includes South Asia and Southeast Asia, but these countries don't use a Greek-derived script. It also doesn't include countries that use the Greek-based Cyrillic alphabet.
South Asia use English to communicate
Continuation of Britsh -English
it's debated
@@ash3972bhrami is related to Aramaic not Greek
Language n scripts-5/5
religion -5/5
Cultural self awareness-5/5
Territory-2/5
This is india my friend this is india...Greece became Christian,Persia became muslim, China is ruled by athestic communists...india stayed the same
India also doesn't believe in Buddhism now.
When cogito forgets to include india *Army of 1.4 billion llama riding keyboard warriors come to the coghitoris empire*
Hue hue indians assembled 🚩💪🏽🕉️☸️🇮🇳
Nice Mulan reference with that girl in the Chinese army!!!
Egypt deserves more than an honourable mention.
The Greek alphabet likely comes from hieroglyphics, so most of the planet uses a modified Egyptian script.
Ethiopian Orthodoxy split off from Egyptian Coptic Orthodoxy so they should get points for that.
And a 2800 year Jewish culture plus a native religion older than Islam which is still exists. Ethiopia was mentioned in the Torah too(Queen of Sheeba).
There used to be an ancient kingdom called Punt around the horn of Africa which was the predecessor of Da'amat.
The kingdom of Saba was in yemen it expanded into Ethiopia around 1000bc but its still not Ethiopian , even inscriptions from diamat which was heavily influenced or even created by southarabians (as the name is clearly southarabian) confjrm this fact by referring to their kingdom as d'mt and referring to their neighbors as saba' , there were some mukraibs (title of the priest rulers,was commonly used in ancient Southernarabia and of course early and middle period of diamat Ethiopia) who claimed to be the high priests of both diamat and saba but they are unfounded claims as Ethiopia never had the upper hand over southern arabia before the axumite empire had emerged.
@@enrico7474 you idiot we are literally decent of south Arabians
@@enrico7474 true
I think you said it once in your past videos but I remember you saying, “for as long as humans have been recording history, there has always been a China to look back upon.” Definitely agree with that as a history buff.
Chinese propoganda, there is no langiage call Chinese modern china made by Quinn/han chin else they had different langauge destroyed by ccp hanification or mandrinification
it was only unified 2 thousand years ago.
@@Deepak_Dhakad yellow river civilization existed back then too dummy
@Prince Dara Shikoh
You can’t compare to a time where China was just starting Patriarchal society and had no contact with the Indus Valley. Just because someone has not heard of something does not mean it does not exist
Cool new video. Yay
Determining the "oldest" country can be a bit tricky, as it depends on how one defines "country" and what criteria are used. However, if we're considering continuity of statehood or political organization, several contenders often come up:
1. **Egypt:** Egypt is often cited as one of the oldest continuous civilizations, with a history dating back over 5,000 years. The civilization of ancient Egypt was one of the earliest organized states in the world, with a centralized government, writing system, and complex society.
2. **China:** China also has a claim to one of the oldest continuous civilizations, with a history spanning over 4,000 years. The Chinese civilization has seen various dynasties and periods of unified rule, making it one of the longest-lasting political entities in the world.
3. **Iran (formerly Persia):** Iran has a long history of civilization dating back to ancient times. The Persian Empire, which emerged in the 6th century BC, was one of the earliest and largest empires in the ancient world. Iran has maintained a distinct cultural identity and political continuity throughout its history.
4. **Japan:** Japan has a recorded history that goes back over 2,000 years. While the specific form of government and ruling dynasties have changed over time, Japan's cultural and national identity has remained remarkably consistent.
These are just a few examples, and there are other candidates depending on the criteria used for defining the "oldest" country and it's my opinion.
3:36 you could’ve included Cyrillic ! So Russia, Serbia, Ukraine, etc