Chip Manufacturing - How are Microchips made? | Infineon
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 16 พ.ค. 2024
- How are microchips made - from sand to semiconductor: Microelectronics usually is hidden to society - however, it is a constant companion in our daily lives. It tremendously contributes to the ongoing development and digitization of our world. But what is actually behind this technology?
This is how semiconductors work! In this video we explain how microchips are made and what conditions are necessary for manufacturing.
Read more about microchip manufacturing and the importance of wafers or semiconductor chips here: www.infineon.com/cms/en/produ...
____________
Like this video? Subscribe to Infineon Technologies AG on TH-cam: / @infineontechnologiesag
Infineon Technologies AG is a world leader in semiconductor solutions that make life easier, safer and greener. Microelectronics from Infineon is the key to a better future.
Connect with us on:
Twitter: / infineon
Facebook: / infineon
LinkedIn: / infineon-technologies
#semiconductortechnology #microelectronics #chipmanufacturing #semiconductorchip #semiconductors
![ตรงที่เดิม - ฝน พรสุดา [ต้นฉบับ :เบส ขวางหวัน]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/c5YnbGEztI8/mqdefault.jpg)
I don't know what's more impressive - the microchip, or the machine that made the microchip
The netflix they incorporate to waste your lifetime.
but nothing is as impressive as the machine that made the machine that made the microchip
@@dogzer in fact if you think of the machine that made the machine that then made the machine that produced the microchip ..that's some mind blowing impressiveness!
teamwork is what is impressive.
the gathering of genius minds and their synergetic efforts that result in outcomes like this.
The people who made both
I come here to understand better, now i'm confused better
good, keep it up
😂😂😂😂
it is about electric and material which is insulator or conductor xd. I just keep telling myself that
@@InoueRikako Yer not even close to understanding... Ya better watch the video again!!!👺😒
Best way to understand is to get a book and read it at your own pace.
That's the German way of TH-cam, not funny, not really entertaining, but highly detailed, informational and educational.
🇩🇪
The way I prefer it.
I like this alot since i actually learn something
I dont know man, when you look at the average german video its not much different to any other video in america. Not saying this is a positive thing, but germans and german stuff isnt at all as the clishé says.
Kurzgesagt is coming for you
@@DeezNuts- Now you can learn that "Alot" is a town in India, "a lot" is more than one of something and "allot" is to apportion something.
We kinda take microchips for granted at this point, but the fact that such high quantities are available while being so hard to make is impressive.
I agree. It makes me appreciate technology and the people who actually create these things are amazing.
100%, I could imagine the manufacturing process being forgotten
because only 1% person group-people in the world who can produce it.
@@menombakglobalis
What's fun is how much of an understatement this is. 😶
Scientists and Engineers are the true celebrity in my eyes. It ain't sexy alright but their work impacts every SINGLE person on earth - EVERY DAY.
finally found some one who appreciate what scientists and Engineers are doing
Their work is the real sexiness
Unless one's a sapiosexual!
Including isolated Amazon tribes.
Thank you to show your love and support towards science professionals.
Thank you from my side!
How are Microchips made?
*watches the whole video*
Me: How are Microchips made?
@F a If you think you understood how every part was made in this video. Then you are the stupid one.
I’m synonymously concerned about the wording. What material are they talkin about when they mention the photo-resis material? I’m assuming it means photo resistant material.. but... WHAT THE FUCK ON EARTH IS INVISIBLE?
@@aaronmohr2688 photo resisant doesn't mean invisible. Just as water resistant watches doesn't mean water can pass "through" them. It means that if you expose it to the stuff (photons and water in both cases, respectively), it won't affect them.
@Matthias Randler it doesn't mean everyone would understand everything, it's okay if you didn't understand. Just as everyone talks about Quantum Computers these days and I don't have any idea regarding what the fuck that is.
@F a then go make a chip on your own, you tink you are intelligent?😂😂😂😂
I work for a microchip manufacturing plant. I add layers of Oxynitride to 8in (150m wafers) just one of the HUNDREDS of steps needed to build these suckers. Even i was wowed seeing this video! The process trully is incredible. Im lucky to be apart of it!
This chip shortage situation got me looking into how they are made . Very impressive
Same, i was like "it cant be that hard". But after watching this, i dont know how its even possible to make chips lmao
Lol I guess I’m not the only one
Yeah, now that I know how, it's like, hey, don't worry everyone! I'll do what I can to help!
@@thelespauldude3283 "it can't be that hard" 😂😂😂😂 thought the same thing: why are these dickheads not just making more?
Same
My mom would kill for that super clean room.
nah shed still complain bout how you never clean it
"1 particle of dust in 10 liters of air? why not 0 particles of dust?!"
@@PooPooPerson cause there's no way that could happen atm
Until she finds out how much it cost to build one.
If you lived in such a room for years and came out, you're immune system would be under constant attack from all kinds of bacteria and viruses and you would probably die shortly afterwards. So now you have an excuse to keep your room a mess.
If this was told in a science fiction movie, i would've said: impossible in real life.
Ya! Lol😁
Sci-fi actually focuses on things that are possible, and then sprinkles in some fantasy elements
yep!!! impressive!!
@X i mean it limited but yeah!
Religion too. Imagine some random person walk on earth 3000 years ago using phone or maybe simple calculator. They will not understand it and they will believe that it was magic.
All chips start out with a very simple raw material: Potatoes
I’m the 69th like
We use bananas and tapioca....
My country is a small tropical country in South East Asia but produce lots of banana chips. We have a variety of bananas of various sizes, from 3 inci to one and half foot bananas. However we produce microchips too from factories like Intel, Infineon, NXP, ON, Texas instrument etc for the world. Cheers
@N Diesal every wannabe gamer's tragedy
Why you use me
This is a really good video. I am actually a bit flabbergasted that something created by a giant company for the general public manages to be this concise, informative, and doesn’t treat the viewer like a child. Seriously well done
I find it hard to accept that "some company video" was that concise and informative. Kudos Infineon!
Well its a Engineering & technology company they are the exception that actually are capable of making informative videos. They don't deal directly with customers so they have no reason to "sell" you their product so they don't advertise they explain.
@@ScreamingManiac who invented this alien technology.
@@lordvenom4419 your mum
@BoneYard I recon thats mostly just to keep it simple. Do you really need to know that they used 1030C for 4min22sec in this example? It doesn't make you understand anything. These things are not secret at all. The stuff those companies try to keep secret is far out of the scope of this video.
infineon makes RAM chips, just google it
The explanation of how transistors work was simple and just makes sense. I wish I had seen this back when I was still in high school.
Same
I'm in high school
Now class, make your own transistor with photo lithography and a wafer. You have 3 days. Hope you took notes. 😉
You learn about transistor in high school
wtf
I have passed high school last year and nothing has been taught to us.
Back when you were still HIGH in School.
Nice video. I was an IT hardware technician for almost 40 years and I still marvel at what mankind can do.
Honestly, this is one the best videos that explain the process of making microchips with clear and detailed animations. So easy to understand even for simply curious people outside of the field.. Thanks!
Look I have hips of sand in my backyard, you can come take all of it for free just promise me a ryzen 9 5900x
Make sure nobody scalps the sand tho lol
I am a sand scalper
ill give you all the sand i have just give me a damn ryzen 9
@IanFromCalifornia Damn, you did it.
lol
This makes me wonder how a computer can be that cheap.. watching this makes me think that the piece of technology I'm holding could be well worth more than a car
automation, you should see how steel is made is made, it's like 95% autonomous.
Also mass production, even with billions of dollars being put into r&d - they can recoup the cost with mass sales (keeping in mind, these chips are tiny and you could have hundreds per wafer and there are multitude of machines in operation at any given time. Yes yields are an issue, but from a wafer, and modern processes - you could be looking at upwards of 70% of the chips being usable. There are methods of compensating by repeating parts of the chip (like adding extra cores) and omitting them from the end product - as a fail safe for if there is a defect, they can still use the chip,
And of course binning of different skews, (let's say half the cores came out defective, if you have a good product line, you can sell it from let's say an 8c model to a 4c - remember how all of them to produce cost the same though, which is why aiming for the best product and then binning from the bad yields is the best option for maximising profits)
Mass production my friend
True but due to scale price is cheap
Once you figure out how to make this and make a significant investment, it really doesnt cosy that much to produce a chip. Whereas making a car involves many sub contract and materials
There are few other things that can demonstrate our mastery of science, engineering, mathematics, and the elements.
The degree to which we manipulated the elements and applied our knowledge to get to this point is genuinely astonishing.
With my high school physics knowledge, that's all I could focus on. The human mind is just brilliant.
Its impossible to achieve this kind of technologies without knowledge, passion and company
How can anyone not be totally interested in this? We can make switches sooo tiny and in such incredibly sophisticated patterns and designs such that we can talk to eachother online, watch a video, make video, heck even displaying the letters as I type here is already so incredibly impressive. To think that the letters I am typing right now are passing through the CPU at a breakneck pace to go to my screen though another incredibly complex series of components, wire standards and be translated into pixel positions and colors on a screen.. It's amazing!
i cried. don't know how to express the feeling..
@@adenosinetp10 Transistor: *pats your*🥺
This is the best video regarding this subject. Apparently Intel's video is garbage :V
True 😂
@@standupyak Being first wasn't the point mate. they are the biggest. Did u even see their video?
Basically, intel does not want you to see what they are doing.. 🤣🤣
true
@@standupyak and?
This was a very concise, organized, and highly informative video about Semiconductor chips I have seen so far. Much appreciate. Also, the fact that we take this amazing sophisticated tech for granted is just mind-blowing.
The level of detail is stunning. It really makes me appreciate my phone and computer.
Intel: Yeah, we know that. Now tell us how to make them faster!
Add another +
"Uhhh, 7nm?"
Intel: NO
At this point nobody is making them faster, just adding more cores and efficiency.
@@FlyboyHelosim No, Ryzen 5000 brought huge improvements in single core speed and no more cores than the last gen. And to stay competetive, Intel has to improve both single core speed as well as amount of cores.
@@titaniummechanism3214 I don't know what pot you've been smoking but the Ryzen 5000's clock speed is nothing faster than what's been available for years.
Chemistry teacher: this topic is very easy
The topic:
Ever saw nileRed
This is not an big deal
😁
it actually is not that complicated. you just have to find a way to understand it. (try to think in different ways about this topic)
And don´t say you dont understand it, if you just heared 10 things about this topic. EVERYONE (exept for dead people) can understand this.
@@SKYTutorials From a big-picture perspective this is not complicated. But zoom in on just one of the steps discussed here and the details get VERY complcated
Lol
The people who developed chips truly deserve a Nobel prize!!!
This process wasn’t developed overnight by some people. It took years of iterations and innovative processes combined.
The makers are the uncelebrated heroes. This is incredible 🤯
They get paid very well. They don't need much appreciation.
The whole using sand for this really highlights turning lemons into lemonade. Alchemy.
There Are Other Elements Used.
@@the4spaceconstantstetraqua886 sometimes it was like the material scientists would put up a periodic chart on the wall at the tavern and throw darts to see what new element would be featured in the next set of experiments.
I am speechless. Just to think 100 years ago the best technology was a vacuum cleaner. I really have a new-found respect for computer engineers and an appreciation for the small things in our everyday lives that we take for granted. We have found new ways to push the boundaries of what makes us human. The other day I dropped my phone on the ground, after seeing this, I am astounded at how none of those tiny components were damaged because if one of those little capacitors or transistors, microchips, etc. broke, the entire thing could stop working. I am going to be more careful now with my devices, also after seeing this I won't feel so bad about paying really high prices for a little RAM chip.
They aren't damaged because chips are actually covered with an epoxy liquid that hardens before they're packaged, so there is no room for movement of any of the transistors on the chip as they're all sealed in a resin. The electricity can still get through the wires though of course.
Its heading to transhumanism, not so optimistic
it's really not like that. solder holds these components together and they are also convered in epoxy. the worst thing that can happen upon dropping your phone is breaking the screen
@@king_james_official and? Solders can crack and break as well
@@Teal-c sure, but what is the chance? the only way possible is to crack the pcb, which would break off the copper traces. i don't really know what you mean...
Thanks for making this video, being the Electronics Engineer, it is very important to see the exposure that I might feel in future improves my present hardwork.
Thanks to all
im a geek of 30 years and well versed in this and this was a great vid ....thank you so much for a run down anyone could get and enjoy, adding it to the world info they have without making people feel stupid but making them feel teached and better informed about the world and more importantly..smarter....and as info givers thats a job you have nailed here..../thank you
Ya I don't feel so bad about spending several hundred dollars on a cpu now. All that work and tech, seems like i got a heck of a deal now.
@F a Isn't that a bit like estimating the cost of brain surgery to a few hundred bucks since all it takes is a few bandages, a scalpel and some anaesthetic? It isn't entirely wrong of course, because you could operate on someone and all you have is a sharp knife, some cotton and a few painkillers, but I think your estimate leaves out a lot that contributes to the overall cost.
@F a R&D costs hell lotta money and time. Guess why TSMC and Samsung is basically only foundry that produces meaningful amount.
@F a Not to mention tons of money that goes into making the infrastructure. It's not super profitable as you think. Only reason TSMC does fine is because there is almost no competition for above reasons.
@@user-it3uz1wb1r TSMC has spent a great deal of money & time commercialising their process nodes. Many ICs are smaller than CPU & thus yeald more from each wafer, also they don't require the same performance requirments so they are manufactured on a smaller node first, then when process matures, yeald increases & CPU is viable.
Just wait til you see Milton Friedman's thing about the pencil.
could you make a DIY tutorial? step by step, beginning with how to locate, extract and convert raw materials for use, including tool building instructions for the tasks at hand, i.e. furnaces, robot arms, sensors, etc etc. the whole shabam. much appreciated!
I feel like such a task is too large to do it yourself
I hope you're joking. This video is actually quite complete for normal people. Ha, i just read the end of your comment, you are indeed.
I know you're just being silly, but look up Sam Zeloof's youtube channel and/or blog, he's actually made his own simple ICs at home. he didn't make the blank wafers himself, so those first steps are left as an exercise ;-)
@@christopheroy5259
the main problem will be to achieve the purity of materials, unless of course we are going to look for nanometers
Doping silicon involves highly toxic chemicals that you shouldn't play around at home
Fantastic explanation and clear to understand even for people with basic knowledge i microchips.
Making chips without potatoes is just absolutely sci fi and amazing! Best regards to Infineon!
I did this very topic in school. Thanks for refreshing my memory.
Thumbnail: sand
Title: How are Microchips made?
Me: *confUSED*
Sand is the easiest way to get silicon
Where did we get the technology to build the first one?
Aliens
Or... just very, very smart people
They used another technology, like relays. Or bigger components.
@@asmrenjoyer2016 aren't very, very smart people aliens?
its called bootstrapping
old school computers with big ass transistors were used during the production of first gen micro processors
This video is incredibly detailed and complete for a layman!
Now someone is coming out and giving in detail information of chip production. Love you infineon.
I would absolutely love to actually see every step of the process as it happens during manufacturing, seeing everything that is done by humans and machines. I find this so fascinating.
It's literally thousands of steps..it would be more confusing and boring.. I think this video showed the 'essence' of it really well.
@@summertravel I didn't mean I'd want the video changed. I'd totally watch a documentary about the whole process.
They could show it, but then they’d have to eliminate each of us
chips are not made over night, they are made over months. this is the process for your New Graphic card or cpu they was started to produce months ago bevore you even know about them.
@@allxtend4005 I'm well aware of that, which is why a video about it would be awesome.
7:14 - straight out of a sci-fi movie.
You need to get out more.
@@Paultimate7 random comment? You go out visiting semiconductor foundries or something?
Electromagnetism is basically magic at this point
Transistors Do Use Electromagnetism, Just It's Not Obvious.
Satisfying!
Thanks!
I'm high-school student and this video cleared all my doubts about Semiconductors and transistors.
I have been working in the semi-conductor industry for the past few years, yet every time I see such a great explanation of the life cycle I just say one word "fascinating"!!💗
My dream
Thanks for this amazing video. Having done microelectronics back in uni and designed some IC's myself i was always wanted to see them getting fabricated in real life but could never get access to a fab lab.
Never watched this much detailed video on the topic
Thanks guys, was looking for this doc in a few places.. this is defo the best I found
Incredible insight into chip manufacturing! Your video elegantly breaks down the complex process of creating microchips. Thanks for demystifying the fascinating world behind the technology we rely on!
Appreciate the visuals used in this video. Showing things like the software used to program the structure of the chips was something I don't normally see in these types of videos and the machinery used and visuals on each layer created.
humans age 200 000 years dinosaurs age 160 000 000 years..............
.th-cam.com/video/3whq8Y6wcKs/w-d-xo.html..............
NO NEXT DIMENSION NO NOTHING.
I remember seeing this video as a teenager, now I am working as an engineer at Infineon and saw this video again. Couldn't have imagined I would be working here when I first saw the video 😅
Elegant video. Simply and accurately explained.
Thank you so much for imparting this knowledge. Your company has done a great job.🥰🥰
Highly informative video!
Best video on semiconductor manufacturing! 10/10
Fantastic lecture with a demonstration. I have attended Moore's Law, quantum computing, and manufacturing chips. Thanks.
This is such an incredible video, thanks Infineon, you should be proud. Makes us all appreciate the insanely technical processes for items we take for granted. Wow!
humans age 200 000 years dinosaurs age 160 000 000 years..............
.th-cam.com/video/3whq8Y6wcKs/w-d-xo.html..............
NO NEXT DIMENSION NO NOTHING.
"I don't like sand. They're coarse, rough and they get everywhere"
- Anakin Skywalker
@@standupyak Hello there.
Well yes, but silicon wavers are smooth and shiny
I was looking for this comment :D
If he only appreciated the power of the microchip. He could have become the circuit design ruler of the galaxy.
Love the video. This is why I love my Job, it’s very interesting to be part of technology. Shoutout to the Semiconductor Engineers who can relate 👌👏❤️
It is the best illustration of chips and microchips. How do microchips differ from biochips? How do silicon-based electronics differ from bioelectronics? I hope your next lecture will present answers to such kinds of questions. Thanks.
Thankyou very much
Now i can make my own processor
As most of them are now out of stock
very well explained....
Extremely good video. I enjoyed it thoroughly. Thanks a lot
Thank you for helping me revise my chapter solid state🙏🏻
Beautiful to hear this process straight from the horse's mouth! Thanks Infineon 👍
Do you know where I can buy all the machinery involved in these process ?
Amazing job of explaining how this works in a very short amount of time! I'm very impressed!
I'mma be honest. I've seen *_plently_* of videos about semiconductor manufacturing and I have to admit... _this_ is probably where most things clicked for me. The way the field effect turns on a MOSFET, the steps in which a photoresist or oxide layer or sputtering or etching generally happens compared to the others. This is fascinating stuff, and a nice explanation, although even now I _still_ have to check over somethings to remember the process better. Maybe read some then watch some more Asianometry content 😅
I have seen videos of how they are made, but non of them really explained how most of it works. I understand it now, thanks.
Idk man I thought chips are made from potatos
And microchips are made from micropotatos
Also from corn
Yes but not for humans
That tiny corn on chinese food tho
@@LordBaphometh
Farther it's corn 🌽
Thank you for explaining well about microchips "how it is begin and was made". This video is amazing. Thank you for this Video.
Thanks for making this video. Very easy to understand and the content itself was fascinating.
This video solved every questions I had about microchips
i can’t imagine how the first chip ever made without that advance technology
Incremental progress.
It started as ENIAC or something like that
They were just bigger - so one grain of dust in a million grains of air would not affect it.
As for 'the first chip', machinery ran on thermionic vacuum tubes/valves in the early days, and you could make transistors and diodes out of them. Memory was provided by ferrite cores. The early chip-producing machines did not need to be fast, they just needed to create a functioning end product. Refinement, miniaturization and speed came later when the machinery itself was upgraded to solid-state (silicon transistors and semiconductor memory).
When i think about it. We aren't in the Glass Age.
We are in the Sand Age.
but sand is glass i´m confused
We...are in neither age. We are in the information age in the brink of the space age. After that it will be something akin to the expansion age where we populate other planets, likely Mars and Luna.
@@MrMurat1997 So is he
@@Paultimate7 we are in the glass age
Sand makes glass, concrete, and microchips. Literally, our housing (the kind that doesn't creak or make for noisy neighbours), windows, and entertainment and business.
Your turn, wood.
Here I clearly understand this process thank you 😊
This is simply great explanation of how Die design done
Chips? Wafers? I came here to learn and you made me hungry.
I would like to see a video on how the engineering design is converted after testing and and the mapping lines are miniaturized via photolithography. This video skims over the subject.
omg i lost this video a long time ago and have been looking for it for forever!
It’s amazing that someone figured this stuff out.
i didn't know this level of sci fi actually existed
i never understood why p-type semiconductors had 'holes' even after my exams, until i watched this video lol. really dont like how they just expect us to memorise information for exams instead of teaching us to understand the information
I bet you have not understood it still.
I always thought p and n stood for positive and negative. Why they couldn't us + and - like everywhere else in science always got me.
I think they explain that part poorly though, I think the holes refer too a lack of electrons for bonding leading to a lack of negative charge randomly distributed as holes. The lack of negative charge causing the net positive charge, that the absence of electrons leading to these positively charged holes.
I largely liked and understood the video, but the chemistry parts seemed poorly explained to me, so I guess it's from an electric engineering POV. By poorly explained I mean it came across to me that the videomaker was switching between treating the audience as laymans to trying the audience as having a decent knowledge of chemistry. Or that the videomaker has an inadequate understanding of chemistry, or both. I think the aminations were clear accompaniments though.
My brain almost can't handle how these progressed through time to become what they are today and also how small they are. Doesn't get more impressive than this
Best explanation I've seen Cheers!
When I started watching this, half of what it said went over my head. By the time I got to the end, the other half went way over my head.
Human Evolution: From Hitting stones in a cave for fire to making Microchip with silica.
Dude, we made sand that thinks.
@@danpope3812 quite literally since most mobile CPUs have AI chips in them too.
Check out this video of a top wafer supplier of Infineon !!: th-cam.com/video/pmdibqc7-Hc/w-d-xo.html
Finally a video really shows how it's made
I love how they use sand dunes to represent the high purity silica sand that comes from mines
I like how the special sawing technique still turns 50% of the ingot into scrap that goes back to the smelter to be recycled.
Best and very comprehensive video about making chips I have ever seen
very good explanation, the best I found so far. Great work I'm suscribed.
To think that someone or some people had the intelligence to figure this out is astounding.
I wonder who did this 🤔
Yeah seems easy enough. I'll make my own tomorrow, thanks.
Did your tomorrow gone or going to be held??😂
Have you finished cleaning your room for it to be the "clean room" to commence the making, yet? 😅
I just can say... Wow!
All the great minds behind that tech...
Thankyou this video is very amazing valuable thankyou again!!
The people who saw the video and didn't see this comment section , are missing the most hilarious confustion comments of TH-cam.
You just literally explained class 12 physics chapter semiconductors😂
Thanks for this video!!
Explained very well in ncert pn junction topic
Great video. One of the systems I am an engineer on is at 9:31, the SPTS Sigma fxP 300mm.
thank for this episode!!!
I've been designing microprocessors for 20 years and I still cannot get my head around how complicated the process is.
It's amazing for me that you can find specialists in places like this, somewhat randomly in the comment section. A knowledgeable person among thousands of comments from people who know next to nothing about the subject. It's like a gem buried in sand, those small valuable pieces of information, found in places like this is amazing. Being that said, I'm fully aware of fake gems, best self prove is dense in information comment, this is not the case but reminds me of those.
@Apple I focus on physical design and layout of the chips. For about half of my career, I was responsible for designing transistors and the simple logic gates (inverters, nands, nors, etc) which they comprise. Lately, I have been doing more integration-level work, which is taking the different sub-blocks and putting them together at the higher levels of the chip. What's really been mind-blowing over the course of my career has been to witness the move from mostly custom (i.e., human-designed) circuits to mostly synthesized (i.e., computer-designed) circuits. The algorithms and the software have gotten much better, leading to more automation. But the whole thing still requires 1000's of extremely talented people. I heard it said once that microprocessor design and manufacture was humanity's most ambitious undertaking. It's one of the most difficult things we do as a species. I believe it.
@Apple You need a basic understanding of electrical engineering concepts to get started. If you don't understand things like charge, resistance, capacitance, etc. you wouldn't really understand how to engineer things to work efficiently. To do things like transistor level layout, you'd also need to learn one of the industry standard CAD programs. The one I'm most familiar with is a tool called Virtuoso which is made by Cadence.