Chicxulub Impact Simulation
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 21 ก.ย. 2024
- A computer model simulating how an asteroid impact formed the Chicxulub crater. The light grey represents the Earth's crust. The dark grey represents the upper mantle.
More info on the research and the findings: www.jsg.utexas...
Credit: Gareth Collins, Imperial College London
its absolutely insane that the earth went from being 3x deeper that the deepest point of the mariana trench to being nearly 3x higher than mount everest in just under 3 minutes
How terrible and amazing of a sight it would've been to see. I wish Hollywood would get on this stat
Did it take 3 minutes? What's the time speed of the simulation of the video?
@@churrascodupao6410 the top left is seconds elapsed
@@cameron8529Thanks
@@perrybb2 I was thinkink about this too and I came to conclusion that you would not be able to see it at all in the visible spectrum because of the impact glow. Even when the asteroid fly throug the atmosphere, there is only bright light, nothing like in the movies. There is pretty accurate simulation of this on the youtube, in fact only this event alone will burn most of the flora on the surface thousands kilometers away before the asteroid hit the ground physically.
For anybody wondering what the stuff sloshing around is. That’s the earths crust.
Isn't it the Mantle?
@@DemonLordGamingAC0 no. Most of the mantle isn’t actually liquid it’s more like a gel. And also if it breached the mantle it would’ve been way worse
@@jonahmoran3751 I see. It got close tho
Well more like magma
The crust behaves like this even if it is solid.
Nothing is solid when you apply enough pressure to it. And here the ground was just turned into pure lava.
Don't you mean temperature? Pressure usually turns anything into a solid
@@luissemedo3597 no he means pressure
Pressure actually turns things into liquid
@@luissemedo3597 extreme pressure tends to create heat
@@razrv3lcliquid or not, the crust still acts like a liquid. It is awfully hard for rock to stop a 10 million ton spheroid traveling at 20 times the speed of sound.
a better summary is that with force, solids will act like sand.
0:09 the crust really peaked at 20km above sea level.. that's like 2.4x higher than Mt. Everest!
What's even worse is that some of that crust fell back to the ground, burying everything beneath it😶 Imagine mountains falling from the sky at you.
Far higher than just 20km.
nay nay, not 20km, debris from the strike went into orbit and covered the planet in a layer of dust
To give context of how extreme this is...
At peak rate the crater/ejecta was widening at roughly the maximum speed of SR-71 (Mach 3.5) or 3000’ per *second*
Earth and rock miles deep moving at that speed. That is unfathomable power.
And the distance marker at he side show the centre casually moving up and down at a magnitude larger than Everest or the Marianas Trench. Combined.
@@josephkolodziejski6882 it’s absolutely nuts how powerful this impact was.
Would be awe inspiring to observe it from high altitude spy drone (several hundreds miles away) or low earth orbit with HD optical cameras... well at least until the feed stops when the shower of skyscraper size chunks of crust it threw takes it out
@@adonislimes6156 The flash might burn out the optics. And by burn, I mean literally melt.
@@Adino1 For the cameras to melt, they’d have to be well within the zone where the impact itself would destroy them anyway. Air is an amazing buffer for extreme temperature variations because temperatures rapidly cool off with distance due to atmospheric thermal absorption (relatively speaking). That being said by distance I mean several *hundred* miles clear of the flight path direction
It made a hole THIRTY KILOMETERS DEEP that filled up right after impact.
Good luck building anti-asteroid bunkers.
Well for what it's worth, the simulation shows that only 60 km (~40 miles) away, the bulk of movement and sloshing is gone. Sure, there's the concussion wave, but you can treat that like an earthquake for the most part and underground systems (ex: tunnels) actually do well in those circumstances. So as long as you aren't almost directly under the asteroid, you're fine with a bunker.
I think they're supposed to be anti "if we survive this, preventing people from finding me, killing me, and taking my 💩" bunkers.
@@MazonDel What's true is that in earthquakes, tunnels don't sustain damage from liquefaction or resonant motions and usually don't crack unless on a faultline. However, such a big impact produces an earthquake two orders of magnitude more energetic than the largest observed, enough to damage even tunnel walls near the epicenter. Worse, even far away (in fact even due to moderately strong 'normal' earthquakes), all the stuff _inside_ the tunnel structures can very well be damaged. For our transport tunnels, this usually means lights out, broken water pipes and cars hitting the wall. For anti-asteroid bunkers, think above all of the life support systems, and also the people being tossed around inside.
The crater rebounces at 500m/s
That video was something, honestly.
Everybody gangster till the ground starts shifting at supersonic speeds.
i cant imagine that happening tbh
@@knockthebackdoorbeforeleaving The human mind can only very vaguely understand the sheer amount of force and speed involved.
It's a gigantic version of dropping a sugar cube in coffee.
Coffee is liquid.
Light grey represents the earths crust
Normal grey represents the upper-mantle
Dark grey represents the mantle
no its just representing different layers of the crust
brown's the mantle, light gray is the surface where soil and etc lie. dark grey is rock, the deeper part of the crust.
Just for clarification, 10km is jet cruising altitude, -11km is mariana trench depth... this asteroid punched a hole -30km into the mantle which then bounced up 20km 😮
The fact that the peak ring reached more than 20 km, higher than mt everest!
Wait fr?
@@MinogFarted yes, you can see that from this model. That liquid-like is actually earth's crust/ground and it was crushed very hard by the asteroid with a high speed, just like throwing a rock into water, it would make a high water splash, but in this case it's earth's crust or rock, a molten rock.
@@zeff8820
Wow.
More like 3 times higher than Mt. Everest. And that mountain is created in 10 seconds and then collapses again in 5 minutes.😱
What's scarier is the 30km DEEP hole in the earth's crust. Imaging watching that!
The thing about the impact is that it wasn’t like in the movies, where the asteroid dramatically streaks across the sky in a cinematic fireball. One moment it was a perfectly normal day in the late Cretaceous. The next moment, the world had ended.
Imagine the crust displacement Mt.Everest would cause shrinking into the earth at Mach 3 speeds…There are no comparisons at the size of earthquakes felt even 100 miles from ground zero. Amazing Simulation! thank you.
The earth is moving a an incredible rate in that simulation, is there any way to gauge the magnitude of earthquakes produced and the duration in such a simulation?
If I'm not mistaken, I believe it created an EQ of approximately a magnitude 13. I could be wrong cause EQs are only a hobby of mine.
@@MrGallonofpcp its incredible sheer force
@@MrGallonofpcp that’s what I calculated as well. Not that I was there but 40,008 times pie plus velocity #467§…\>£€ e=mc2 so therefore 13 on Richter scale. Aka monster
when the mound was formed post-impact, it was the highest mountain in the world
Here at home we call this the 'Poseidon's Kiss', and the asteroid has another name too.
The assteroid? ;)
don't fuck with Poseidon
I'd love to see this slowed down to real time.
It looks to be 20x speed by comparing the seconds counter in the upper left if that helps
th-cam.com/video/ya3w1bvaxaQ/w-d-xo.html
th-cam.com/video/rxeRdZ0gn8k/w-d-xo.html better version
slow it to 0.25 to almost see how it would’ve looked in real time
Imagine being on the ISS watching that make contact.
when you're casually watching the shooting stars when suddenly the ground rises 50 kilometers in 20 seconds
I wonder how long the molten lava remained in a molten state - Did it cool when the ocean rushed back in?
th-cam.com/video/rxeRdZ0gn8k/w-d-xo.html
The surface obviously cooled with time. However, the subsurface lava took thousands of years to cool.
Great video! What software did you use? Is it open source? I would love to play around with this!
the software is called iSALE, it's free for researchers but you have to register with the development team
@@samtechs9151 in other words. go pirat it ;)
@@samtechs9151 the science team
THAT'S WHAT SHE SAID!
@@Pancake_lover_niko dont fuck with the Science team
with enough force any solid is liquid
just remember at this moment this isn't even rock anymore. Its just a slush of molten material
If you look closely you’ll notice the initial massive shockwave travel left to right across the entire diagram right at the start.
E' stato come sparare una cannonata su una pozzanghera!
Like a cannon shooting on a puddle of water! ^_*
I like how the Earth goes “burp!” about 320 seconds after consuming a particularly large meal
Is the 2-3 kilometer thick grey line at the very top the ocean?
Earth crust. It looks like this one doesn't have sea in the simulation, I have seen other one that does. Can't find it now though.
the ocean would have evaporated instantly probably
lithosphere
@@3characterhandlerequired 41:00 into this 2017 Fall Meeting - P23H: The Chicxulub Impact
th-cam.com/video/2Qfv-vHtWDw/w-d-xo.html
@@3characterhandlerequired The ocean was only a few hundred metres deep at most at the time (as today), would be barely visible.
The scariest part is when it crashed into the 150 meter or 175 meter shallow ocean the tsunami was as big as the shallow ocean and the air blast wouldve killed things 500 km away
At this scale I would have expected to see seismic waves. If P waves travel at around 6 km/s I thought there'd be a ripple. Is the magnitude of the waves too small to be visible?
Basically yes. If you look closely, you can see the ground moving up and down slightly at the right of the image, but if you look at the scale, you realise that the movement is probably 100's of metres high.
You have found the exact magic formula to show the formation of an enormous impact crater that is ... invisible.
Not invisible at all
@@jimsagubigula7337 I already looked. I did a relief scan. There is no trace of a crater. The only clue that suggests the existence of a crater is the analysis of the soil composition. Insignificant.
Ancient Prehistoric Visual piece of art here folks
if the asteroid did impact in the ocean, shouldn't the seawater rush back into the superheated crater, evaporate into steam and create an enormous mega storm over the ocean?
It wasn’t underwater at the time I don’t think.
Yes it will, storm lasting years and years on end.
The ejecta that came back down superheated the atmosphere and boiled off a meter of oceanwater.... GLoBaLlY.
0:15 what was that? Built of pressure?
What causes those eruptions of matter at 0:01 and 0:06 for example?
I'd imagine it's probably superheated gases rising to the surface of the crust soup. Like boiling water bubbles.
Over-pressure.
Stuff that is usually compressed under km of rocks can suddenly expand.
And right, sometimes just vaporize (if it's containing water, for example).
@@ThomasKundera so would the compression create radioactive minerals?
@@SuperKingNNN : Not possible on Earth!
That would require pressure you'll only find in supernovae or neutron stars...
In real time, thank you
The time is in *seconds*!
The highest mountain peak in all of earth's history lasted for few minutes
It would be bad for residents inside of 40 km, sure; that's in the crater proper. Nobody would want to be there.
But out at 80 km the wall of raining ejecta is only about 1km thick. So... 50/50 survivable, by movie standards?
Im surprised the rock doesnt change more under that kind of pressure. It just seems to bounce back like rubber.
An uninspiring simulation. Where are the dinosaurs running around on fire? Yipe, yipe, yipe.....🔥🦖
Lol!
Mexico got one of the world's largest oil fields thanks to that rock.
This is when the first Doblada was made.
Same thing happens to my bath water when I fart.
xaxa
Earth: man, I've got this ringing headache
Would truly be a sight
What kind of software/computer was used to make this simulation?
what's the stuff popping out at 0:01
Lava
Super compressed gasses causing large explosions
from t=210 seconds (play it at .25 speed rate), earth's crust is going downwards at rougly 2km/seconds, how is this even possible? Shouldn't this material have huge upwards velocity instead?
It's not intuitive. It's much more velocity that gravitational attraction could cause. High pressure from above?
Just imagine a gigantic mountain x5 trying to leave Earth but Earth's gravity is like... "nah fam, you to big. GET OVER HERE"
nah that exolosion was too crazy
how is it lagging my device?
can you make one that isnt as laggy and is in slow motion
is this how hotspots are made? I wouldn't know.
I wouldn't want a Chicxulub to hit me.
At a second it deeper than kola superdeep
Would this "break" off part of a tectonic plate?
that would require *much* more energy
What power.
Nice video, but I might be color blind... I see 3 shades of grey.
If I ever get a pimple that I can reach; this is what my brain imagines the persons finger tips are doing back there.
Gouging at my skins surface with all the grace and impact of a meteorite.
If you were standing 40 kms away you would be ejected to space? (space dinosaurs, lol)
Damn, I never knew Earth used to be various shades of grey with a grid pattern running through it. The more you know...
Ten minutes in thirty seconds. It's a lot like the satellite imagery of the Hunga Tonga eruption. They are not real time videos. They are time lapses. Geologic time is hard to wrap your brain around even with quick events like these.
Is 65 million years ago
Dino RIP
0.05x speed is real time
its a fascinating geometric standpoint, Us hyper awareful beings, in our 3D perspectives & environments and 4D intelligence that we still revert to a 2D diagraph to better measure an understanding of ours higher. 2 can see the micro detail of cut corners 3-4 bury in their lattices, 3 is everywhere while 2 is stuck circulating betwixt with just as Dynamic variables of change governing this lower state, there is no antiquation, unless without each other, exist they cannot. Low answers the quest of High - "most times complex things are not useful, but most all things useful are simple." - Kyle Kalashnikov. STAY AWESOME!!!!!!
Well actually a big reason why its "2D" is that these Simulations still take ALOT of compuing power, so it is more useful and efficient to simulate it like this.
Ya, but Superman could stop it...
Wow
Aaah. I need a cigarette after that one.
Is that what killed the dinosaurs?
Most likely, yes.
It killed most
Holy shit.
th-cam.com/video/ankmTU89X_A/w-d-xo.html : So , if you are 10km (30K feet) [same height as an airliner] 80km away from ground zero, @156 seconds, you will see a wall of what used to be earth, probably a wall of fire, that is at least 20km [60 000 feet high] coming towards you. Our puny minds just have zero reference to imagine any of this.
Holy shit
Damn nature, you scary!
Désolé
meh. its not so bad
Ce n'est pas trop expliquée
if the earth was made from asteroids & there is an abundance of Iridium in asteroids why is there not an abundance of Iridium on earth ??
Clearly you don’t realize that earth has iridium. A lot of it. During earth’s formation most of the heavy metals would sink towards the mantle (including iridium) that’s why it’s so rare to find here
@@jonahmoran3751 just like all that gold did right .....
this part is sarcasm.
i see huge chunks of iridium being found all the time where it has been sent up in magma plumes and deposited in giant globs just like gold !
@@themyceliumnetwork Note that when people say something is 'rare on Earth', they're generally referring to something being 'rare on Earth's surface'. We have a LOT more Gold then has ever been found, Iridium, too. Most of it is trapped in the core along with a ball of Iorn and Nickel a bit larger then the moon.
You jest, but volcanic veins are one of the few places you can find Earth's native iridium. You won't find a lot, because the Cobalt-Rhodium-Iridium group doesn't have the same chemistry that the Copper-Silver-Gold group does. The latter dissolves in water if the water is hot enough. It's the super-heated water that carries it up to mineral deposits you find it in. when the water dries, it leaves the metal behind.
You can use a high-concentration of iridium as a marker for impact because most of ours is in the core. We've got tons of iron, Aluminum, and silicon at the surface because those are orders of magnitude more common in the universe. You expect to see a *little* iridium that's stuck around at the surface (to the extent that we can get industrial amounts of it in tailings from other mining operations). An impactor, though, puts a layer down that's 5x-10x the concentration you'd expect, in addition to things like shocked quartz, over the entire globe.
im no scientist but that looks pretty bad
Absurd..
Truly horrific
Lolz
It's not even science.
Pretty much worthless without having someone discuss it as we watch
Its 30 seconds long, what is there to discuss?
if you want more information watch the 6 hours real time simulation th-cam.com/video/rxeRdZ0gn8k/w-d-xo.html
Joke.
who knows what earth would’ve been like had this never hit. we Oddly have this asteroid to thank for our existence
👎
This directly correlates to LETS GO BRANDON.
Let's go Brandon, I agree