The First Heretics Burned At The Stake | Orléans 1022

Heresy and burning at the stake, is there a more classic combo? Well believe it or not, those two things were not always connected, and the first time it happened at Orléans 1000 years ago, it would have been quite the surprise. But before the witch trials and the inquisition, the king of France, Robert II, condemned heretics to death by fire for the first time in the Medieval West, starting a trend which would last centuries.
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Recommendations for further reading:
-Barbezat, Michael B. Burning bodies: Communities, Eschatology, and the Punishment of Heresy in the Middle Ages (2018)
-Lambert, Malcolm. Medieval Heresy: Popular Movements from the Gregorian Reform to the Reformation (1977, 3rd ed. 2002)
All images used in this video are either my own, in the public domain, under fair use, or under creative commons (whence they shall be credited appropriately)
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Outro music: Laid Back Guitars by Kevin MacLeod, CC BY-SA 4.0
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