Languages of Europe
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 18 ต.ค. 2022
- Languages of Europe, Germanic Languages, Italic (Romance) Languages, Slavic Languages, Celtic Languages, Baltic Languages, Greek Language, Iranian Languages, Armenian Language, Albanian Language, Caucasian Languages, Basque, Turkic, Finno-Ugric, Mongolic, Semitic, Berber, Daco-Thracian, Anatolian, Illyrian, Paeonian, Lusitanian, Cimmerian
Music:
A Tale of Vengeance - Aakash Gandhi
Ignosi - Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
"Ignosi" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 License
creativecommons.org/licenses/b...
We’re trying our best to keep a Celtic language alive here in Wales. Yma o hyd, Cymru am byth!
it's amazing that speakers of it still exist somewhere
@@Elekem the numbers are increasing. It currently stands at around 899,000 people in Wales who are either fully fluent or can understand the basics of the language. That’s around 30% of the population. Apparently there’s 110,000 in England. Probably mostly people who left Wales.
Either way, the language more than just exists. It’s thriving.
@@welshed This is good news =)
I live in cornwall and I want the same but nobody seems to care about Cornish or the Cornish culture
Primitive language. Embrase latin and civilization. (Just a joke,)
I'm surprised to see how the Thracian (or Daco-Thracian) languages were once so expansive, all the way around the western and northern parts of the Black Sea.
According to the father of history Herodotus: "The Thracians are the most numerous people after the Indians". So it is not a surprise. The Thracians existed even in today's Turkey, the Trojans were most likely Thracians or proto Thracians and were helped in the Trojan War by other Thracian tribes. But the Thracian language disappeared, today there are only some words preserved in Romanian , Albanian , Serbian language .
@@Claude-ut2oe Why are you so sure the thracian is extinct???
@@Claude-ut2oe When Herotodus wrote that the Daco-Thracian language was already extinct from the Pontic steppe lol
I wasnt.
about the baltic substrate in the north, finnish words like musta, saari, höyhen, hiili, jano and etc. are of unknown origin, there are no cognates in germanic or indo-iranian. The saami languages have a bigger set of such substrate words of unknown origin
Well, the uralic languages have yet to be conclusively shown to be related to indo-European, so really you should be comparing finnish to magyar or one of the more eastern languages
Brodie Finnish is Uralic
wasnt there a proto lappish language?
The word of water in the saamik for example
But it isn't related to baltic substrate
If one only looks at the old continent, the Slavic languages are by far the biggest winners. They went from having a small area smudged between the Baltics and the Balkans, to dominating almost all of eastern Europe and beyond.
Adding the Americas, Africa and Australia completely overturn the tables in favour of Italic and Germanic though.
If WW1 didn't happend, only eastern and southern slaves would remain today. Poles and czechs would became Germans.
I think it is quite inaccurate regarding slavic languages at least when it comes to central europe. I doubt e.g. Silesia was ever mainly germanic. Mainby within upper class, but majority of people? I dont think so. And there are more regions similar. I think it is inaccurate regarding slavic laguages after middle ages.
Dont mistake Ukrainians as Slavs. They are khazars not slavs
@@Yahoo99123 that is same as when you say - Dont mistake Poles as Slavs, they are germans. Same bullshit.
damn slavs
not the ukrainians tho they're cool
This is definitely your Magnum-Opus. Amazing work!
Thank you very much
No. I would say the Indo European spread video was. This one just has too many theoretical implications or oversimplification in terms of the substrates shown when Indo European ones are so detailed.
The unknowns should rather be left unknown unless they are known all of a sudden.
Yeah, we waited and finally, here it is, one of the greatest works of this channel!!
Thank you very much
What an amazing video, to complete the History of European languages!
May we see more of your work, it’s very precious!
Thank you
The reason why half of Central-Eastern europe is partly "Italic" is because Latin was second official language of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and seems that Czechs and Slovaks did the same thing
That's a cool fact
Πολύ καλή δουλειά. Σε θαυμάζω αδερφέ 👍
Ευχαριστώ πολύ
I see maths
What language is this, greek? I see summation and theta, and the rest is greek to me
I have been waiting for this for soo long since i subscribed very interesting seeing on the large scale of the impacts languages have on each other!
Wow! Great work. Thank for more accuracy.
Thank you
Basque, in ancient times was spoken mainly in the Pyrinees. The first written records of basque have been found in Aquitaine, from the time of the roman empire. After the fall of Rome, Basque spread to Navarre and after it to the Basque Country (Alava, Viscay and Gipuzkoa). At the greatest extent of the kingdom of Navarre, basque was also spoken in La Rioja and northern Aragon.
Thats been discussed and there's no clear evidence about it, neither of the opposite. A lot of people has criticised the theory of the ''euskalduntze berandua''
The Valley of Aran in Catalonia is supposed yo tske its name after the word in basque for valley (haran), so maybe more. Even un Toulouse you can find place with basque influence
Isn't Basque very similar to "brithonic" that was spoken by the Britons ?
@@lightfootpathfinder8218 I believe it's like Etruscan a non indo european language. So it's not celtic as far as I know
@@arthurreede4478 Oh right but Etruscan and Brithonic share the same alphabet which has lead some people to believe the Ancient Britons weren't Celts at all just as the Etruscan weren't.
Great video as always!
Nice job 👍
Thank you
You are so hard working, the amount of detail is incredible I learned a lot thanks
Thank you very much
Nice video. Just point out that the expansion of the Celtic languages starting from Central Europe is under strong academic discussion.
Thank you
Please, what is discussed there? I live in an area (middle and southern germany) with many signs of very early proto-celtic influence even more than 1200 years bce. So I am very interested.
@@CostasMelas also celtic languages at germany are likely to be dead at 4 century
@@brauchebenutzername for instance:
th-cam.com/video/rg0hr87Adok/w-d-xo.html
Regards
There are theories that the people we know as "Celts" actually originated around the periphery of the Atlantic (Britain, Ireland,western France, northern Spain, Portugal) and migrated eastwards.
It’s crazy how he Celtic languages were once wide spread but now they’re very endangered
Welsh is going from strength to strength. The other Celtic languages on the other hand, are in trouble.
That is because of the Germanisation and Romanisation of Western Europe.
@@welshed I happen to be an American who happens to have an Irish dictionary so I might learn the language. I do know what Erin go bragh means being Ireland forever. I also understand Oro Se Do Bheatha Bhaile meaning oro-welcome home.I also understand Gaelidge is the name for the Irish language in Irish.I know the word Eire translates to angry so Ireland's name in Irish translates to Angryland.
In Welsh I understand Cymru am byth means being Wales forever.
Well I also did one of those DNA test but only to find out my ethnic blood.
Here is my result being 100% European in terms of race.
English/Irish/Scottish 63.5%
Irish regions my blood is closest to:County Cork,County Dublin,County Kerry,County Mayo,County Galway,County Waterford,County Donegal,County Clare,County Limerick,County Sligo,Belfast.
English regions my bloodline is closest to:Greater London,Greater Manchester,Merseyside,West Yorkshire,West Midlands,Tyne and Wear,Lancashire,South Yorkshire. Scottish regions my bloodline is closest to:Glasgow.
French and German 20.4%
German regions my bloodline is closest to:Hessen,Rhineland Palatinate,Canton of Bern.
French regions my bloodline is closest to:Pays de la Loire.
Finnish 0.9%
Broadly North Western European 3.9% from Sweden and Norway
Greek and Balkan 10.3%
Parental Haplogroup group E-V13 that is DNA that originates in The Middle East and Western Asia but people of that group migrated into Europe 4500 years ago yet the ancestor of that group of people E1b1b1a originates in The Middle East and is around 22500 years old.
Maternal haplogroup J1b1a which is DNA that is between 4600 and 12000 years old that originates in Anatolia
60% more Neanderthal DNA than the average person.
Well I guess I know more Irish than most of the posers and I know that the Irish are not fans of Lucky Charms and I am not either nor are the Irish usually violent until something brings them to the boiling point. I know the Irish are not really into Lepercons either. I also did some research into Irish history and I find it interesting that they preserved Roman history and I also learned of the Irish version of Julius Caesar being Brian Boru but unlike Caesar he was not assassinated but instead he died fighting against the enemy.
Because of Roman Empire and the Germanic conquests
I just simply love the way costas makes these videos.I like all the details and how slowly things change on the map.Keep up the good work!!🤗🤗🤗🤗🤗
Thank you
Cant wait to watch this tommorow when i have more time. I think i rewatched the ''spread of Indo-European languages in Eurasia'' video like 50 times by now lmao
So interesting how climate change pushed a powerful patriarchal society with a good military and economic strength while being semi-nomadic pastoralists.
Absolutely fantastic video! You are the only creator which makes this kind of maps, and at this level of detail.
Thank you very much
Big video about Slavs, thx 🙏❤️
I loved it!!❤️🤗
Thank you
Although there are some things that could be fixed (like showing the Germans in the Sudetenland during the 17th 18th and 19th centuries) I really loved this, and seeing this is like eye candy!
They were there though. The expansion of German in Bohemia started in the 17th century.
@@Teapoid oh, I see
17th century? Germans started settling in the Bohemian lands in the 13th century (1200s) during Ostsiedlung. Many were invited to settle by the Bohemian royal dynasty and also to populate areas that had been decimated by disease outbreaks.
@@Qwerty-hy5mj Exactly. As far as I know, the local population in Bohemia at the time inhabited mostly the central lowlands (for farming) and the German speakers started settling and developing the heavily-forested mountainous border regions that were previously pretty much just wild nature. They had the know-how from Bavaria/Austria.
I always thought they had a clear majority in these areas
Beautiful work
Thank you
An exceptionally well made video. I also really liked the detailed language family accolades on the right side.👍
Thank you
Well he did miss they Georgian language ISNT CAUCASIAN language by the group it’s called Georgian just like Armenian AND has its own language family branch named kartvelian languages where 4 languages derived from Porto Georgian language are but I do guess it’s easier to just say BOOM Caucasian language! Done even tho all the languages in Caucasia are different because of the mountains dividing them and letting them from differently that is the only problem I have
@@georgiancountryball202 Cope harder, it's armenian
You fucking crazy? If you'd show that video to an European linguist they would strangle you.
@@ll-nd1cj please don't tell me ur saying Georgian is Armenian 💀
Wow, you didnt forget about volga-germans!
Danke!
Hard to do but I would love to see a East/Southeast Asian version of this
Εξαιρετική δουλειά!
Ωραίος!
Ευχαριστώ
this was so good I watched it twice, thanks so much
Thank you
@@CostasMelas you're welcome
It's a good video, but the timing of the arrival of Finno-Ugric (or Uralic) to Finland and elsewhere in northern Europe seems off a lot. Finno-Ugric had most likely already arrived there by 2000 BC, when this video starts. It possibly had already arrived as early as 5000 BC. (And possibly it was spoken also in the areas of the early Germanic and Baltic languages before those languages formed.)
DNA studies seem to indicate that carriers of the Y-chromosome haplogroup N, which is associated with Finno-Ugric (or Uralic), migrated to Europe from around Manchuria through the taiga areas of northern Eurasia. They seem to have reached Europe possibly as early as 8000 BC, and likely by 6000 BC.
I take back what I said about your Indo-European video! This is your magnum opus! Incredible! Now imagine if you did the Western Hemisphere, or Australia, or Africa. Simply incredible.
Thank you very much
@@CostasMelas Any chance for a paleo-European video of the known paleo European languages? Also do you think it’s okay to call Baltic languages north Slavic?
holy shit
You don't know how long I've waited for this, thank you
Great as always👍🏻
Thank you
As a Greek, this type of video must be especially hard to do. Especially as you come up to the end of the Byzantine Empire.
granted the celts and phyrgians have it much, much worse.
@@zapness What are u on bro?
@@zapness so complex you must check it!
Byzantine Empire❤
Wow, this is possibly the best video you've ever made so far
Thank you very much
Amazing Video, good work Costas Melas
Thank you
100/10 video good job
Thank you
great video, I would add, regarding Czech republic from medieval times onwards, Sudetenland (the area bordering to Germany and Austria 10-40km wide) was German-speaking from 12-13century until their expulsion after the end of WW2 (over 3milion people, about 1/3 of the population), whereas the central parts of Bohemia and Moravia would have been monolingual Czech speaking, except for some larger cities with German settlers. Also, as for latin, overlaying much of Catholic Central Europe, it would have been used by only a very small number of people like the clerical staff and the nobles.
One can't make a video about thousand years of whole Europe within months... :)
Basque just chilling through the whole video
love the detail about iceland and the irish monks
Great work
Thank you
i wish we knew so little about paleo-european languages let alone etruscan, basque and iberian
Why would you wish that? I think you meant something different
@@SharkJ002 he totally did.
Ακόμα ένα τρομερό βίντεο, ευχαριστούμε!!
Ευχαριστώ πολύ
I like that you went backwards in time, then went forward about the map.👍👍
I waited so long for a video like this, I would've like to see it before 2000BC but I can understand why chose not to.
But anyway really great video 👍
Thank you
I wish I would have seen the Germanic Sudeten majority areas in Czechia. I mean, It was in a similar version like in Poland with the north, west and south regions inhabited mainly by Germanic speakers.
I am of Sudetengerman family background & this comment just made me check the map in the video again. They did do an error in that part of the map. Not just from what I can personally say, but the decades around 1900 had more than one population census with focus on language in particular.
Its better today
@@Argacyan Yeah, I'd say it's not wrong but just very simplified at this scale, since it shows a mixed Slavic/Germanic area in Bohemia and Moravia 1000-1945, but doesn't go into the detail of the particular areas with majority German speakers etc.
@@danreznicek7617 There's a missing legend in that sense, but the thing you're looking at appears to be political borders showing administrative language which is used the same way everywhere else on the map & with other languages (for example the Russian empire is shown in this way, or the Ottomans). Local language here is simply erroneously mapped.
@@davidson3658 Nope, these areas are widely culturally dead regions today, because the replacing slavic population, like most modern "refugees", went to urban areas. Same happend in Romania and Hungry, you can still see and feel something is missing, because there is a cut in history.
Can you make the history of Eskimo-Aleut languages as your next language video? Thank you🧡
I love this!
Thank you
Amazing vid Kostas, εὐχαριστῶ)
Thank you very much
In video Crimea shown as Slavic since 1850. However Crimean Tatars biggest group in most part Crimea (except south coastline) until deportation in 1944.
Καλή δουλειά Κώστα και μπράβο σου.Αλλά η σλαβική γλώσσα ίσως να είχε πιο έντονο χαρακτήρα κατά τον μεσσαιωνα στην ηπειρωτική Ελλάδα.Μην ξεχνάμε ότι για δυο αιώνες η ηπειρωτική Ελλάδα ήταν υπό Σλαβική κυριαρχία.
Σημειώνεται με ρίγες. Στην πραγματικότητα ήταν περιστασιακή παρουσία στην ορεινή ζώνη κυρίως της δυτικότερης Ελλάδας. Τον 7ο αιώνα μ.Χ. ήταν εντονότερη η Σλαβική παρουσία στα ορεινά της Ηπείρου και Θεσσαλίας, ενώ κατά τον 8ο εξασθένησε η παρουσία τους στη Θεσσαλία, αλλά ενισχύθηκε στην Πελοπόννησο.
very good work!
Thank you
woah, zuperbe film! ei paxi quequa ta jiemzu das kartog epholphen tong kloaumin :)
Very impressive. One thing that caught my eye, though: It looks like Swedish arrives in Finland around 1800. In fact it did so between 1200 and 1300, and the proportion of Swedish-speakers has declined pretty much since day one (they probably were 20% or so in the beginning). The relevant area was only slightly bigger than now, however, so in a European context, you need not adjust the area (in case you should ever update this), but only the timing. Other than that, I enjoy your videos a lot, and it would be surprising if minor mistakes didn't creep in here and there.
Thank you very much
Also Swedish was technically the official language for a long time but most people spoke Finnish
@@jopeteus Sure, but the video doesn't aim to capture official languages.
When they where counted as 20% of the population at the time it excluded the eastern parts of the country like parts of Savonia and Kaleria ! It did not include the parts of the country owned by Russia at the time !!
Atlantic substrate possibly included some extinct Indo-European languages that derived via Bell Beaker people prior to Celtic expansion.
Interesting video!
Thank you
Always great videos
Thank you very mych. I have note them with pink stripes.
OAOAOAOAOAOAOAAOAOAAOOAOAOAAOAAOOAAOAOAOAOAOA
This is literally the best video you have ever made. congrats
Thank you
If only there was a way to bring back the old Greek and Armenian populations in Anatolia RIP
I wish there was a way to bring back the ancient Caucasian peoples in Anatolia.
@@tanhukim9963 they may have been a missing link between Greek and Armenian but it’s hard to know now that they are gone. I believe Issaurian was the last of them.
@@tylerchurch2373 *Kurds are the missing link*
@@Zeyede_Seyum not exactly, they speak an Iranian language more closely related to Persian and Pashtun
@@tylerchurch2373 do you know Adam and Eve spoke Kurdish?
Great video
Thank you
Your chanell is one of my favourites
Thank you
Cool video! Maybe the author will see this comment, but in the video "about the Germanic languages", it is indicated that the German language remained in Siberia, Russia. However, I was born in Omsk (Siberia), officially 50,000 Germans live here, but in my whole life I heard German only once. So the conclusion is that the Russian Germans who remained in Russia have almost completely assimilated and do not speak German
You may wanna check the term russification and that pretty much almost always it was a forced process.
@@bohomazdesign725 I'm not going to talk about processes, I just saw some inaccuracy in the maps about "Germanic languages". If you want to discuss the policy of Russification, then you are not to me.
It’s so sad seeing swathes of German speaking areas completely wiped after the USSR took over
@@bohomazdesign725 Like everywhere else?
@@bohomazdesign725 it was mainly eastern Europe and the Caucasus. The Russian Germans simply assimilated
Germans in west poland just got vanished 💀
The map is a bit imprecise. Upper Silesia, the lands around Wrocław and the southern part of Ducal Prussia were mostly Polish at the turn of the 15th and 16th centuries.
Polish in nationality, not ethnicity. They were still under the Polish crown, but by now, the Ostsiedlung was well under way. The only places that remained Polish-speaking were in Lower Silesia like Konighutte and Kattowitz. The rest were majority German.
Very good job! Plan bon trabalh !
Well done! Òsca !
It is fascinating that Hungarians in Panonian plains didn't get assimilated. The way they seem to come to Pannonian strait is much alike to Huns, Avars and others who are no longer there as they got already assimilated till 900 AD.
It is difficult for a farming nation to be assimilated
no one wants to assimilate a mongol steppe
@@ZlHl1999 yeah especially if they become christians they can form long lasting kingdoms, back then it was a huge geopolitic deal
@@ZlHl1999 Except the hungarians were as semi pastoral and arrived mainly as after the Pechenegs conquered their homeland their number estimated between 20 000 and 200 000. And probably on the lower end. They weren't even a single people. They were some ten tribes some finno ugric some Turkic some Iranian. It is extraordinary that their language survived with no influx from neighbouring areas.
One hypothesis is that previously in Pannonia there were two distinct Avar conquest. Avars like other nomadic steppe groups were not of a single ethnicity. There ruling class seemed to have East Asian origin most of the Avars were European from the western steppe. In the 8th century a a new archaeological culture appeared quite suddenly that use very similar motifs than the later Hungarian conquerors. Therefore it is hypothesized that by the time the 10 hungarian tribe arrived there was a large finno ugric speaking population in Pannonia. Still you see many larger languages washed away in history without a trace.
all migrant warriors have been assimilated, their language could survive. don,t confuse language with DNA
It would have been cool to imagine what language families existed before the Indo-European invasion. What would a Pre-IE language map look like? What language families lived and died without leaving a trace behind? Of course including such things in a video like this would have been entirely too speculative. In any case, terrific video as always.
welp, no need to speculate for that, the basque language in northern Spain is actually a pre-indoeuropean language of unknown origin!
@ғ я ᴀ ɢ ᴍ ᴇ и ᴛ you also have the finno-ugric languages of Finland, Estonia and Hungary, yeah they migrated from the Urals after the indo-europeans but they are still technically European languages in geographical origin
@·♃I· you also have Georgian which by all means has a separate language branch named after itself in its native language kartvelian with 4 languages in that branch being Georgian megrelian svan and laz all of them derived from same proto-Georgian language so you also have Georgian that developed before the info European invasions and was mostly untouched because of Caucasian mountains protecting them
What about Georgian? Ancient language with its own group that is not endo European
@@georgiancountryball202 true, but it technically isn't a European language, but it's still interesting since the Indo-European migrations went through there and it survived
Well, we know that Basque is sometimes known as a Modern iteration of the Old (Non-Celtic nor IndoEuropean) Iberian language. Has Agricultural terms similar to those of Sardinia, other terms similar to Amazigh words and genetically are somewhat linked with some Caucasian migrants (similar to Kartvelians).
And THAT Pre-IndoEuropean language has NOTHING to do to the Pre-IndoEuropean languages that coexisted with the Germanic invadors a bit north and gave them other Agricultural terms
So languages related to Basque were once spoken throughout Western Europe and even Norway? That's pretty cool. Do we see Basque-like substrates in languages spoken in those areas today?
Atlantic substrate isn’t only Aquitanian, but also include Iberian, Tartessian, and possibly Goidelic substrate. And in this video, Caucasian, which are unrelated languages, are lumped together.
@@user-fw9lq6zm1z Oh I see, thank you
Yes, the three substrates of the map include unrelated languages with shared cultural elements. The Atlantic corresponds mainly to the Bell Beaker culture
I love your videos, and I wish you make a video about Afro-Asiatic family languages as you maked one for Niger-Congo family languages and one for Indo-European family languages, please 🧡🧡🙏🙏
He already made those.
Congo Nigerian? 👄
@@Yunahsky No, he didn't, he did'nt make yet a video about history of afro-asiatic family languages
@@oluwadamilola6233 I mean Niger-Congo family languages
@@user-uc4om6pm4c True, I thought he did. He did make one for the other ones you mentioned though. :)
i from Chile, Russia and Greece are my favorite countries
Nice video.
Thank you
Slavic Mazurs in southern Eastern Prussia seem to be missing 🤔
One major problem from the get-go: the Atlantic Substrace you have were populated by Indo-European Bell Beaker folk across all of Britain and continental Western Europe except for Northern Spain, and almost certainly spoke an Indo-European language. They absolutely would not have spoken a pre-IE language, as there was a 90%-and-up population turnover in these regions. Other than that one point, great video.
Bell beaker is pre IE
There is contention between if Bell Beaker was IE or originally something else and adopted IE. Its also contented if it was migrational or accultural as there is genetic evidence for IE in the north and major genetic difference in the south. We probably are too broadly characterizing Bell Beaker, Atlantic Bronze Age Europe and languages native to specific areas too broadly
How can I learn Bell Beaker language?
Very detailed video, nice!
Are you planing to make a video about sibirian or native american languages?
Thank you.
Amazing video, I just wish the last 500 years would go slower, and the last 200 years even slower
Thank you
Я бы сказал что это лигендарное видео которое мы ждали.
hope this video is seen more. SO that people will stop saying "French is different because it's a lot of Germanic too." And will instead understand that Celtic is the second language that made French after Latin.
Not really. There is far more Germanic influence on French than Gaulish. Something like 30% of Old French vocabulary was Frankish loanwords. The figure for Gaulish was nowhere close to that. Frankish also influenced Old French structure and grammar and other things in a way that Gaulish either didn't, or did so in a far less pervasive manner.
Even today, French is still around 15% words of Frankish origin. Words of Gaulish origin are maybe 1-3% or something.
No
@@XR190190 That's the reality, whether you accept that or not. There may have been more Gaulish influence in some of the regional Romance languages of France that were ultimately replaced by French historically. But I'm not aware of that if there was.
@@palepilgrim1174 why would what you say the truth? When ethimologically, French is based on Latin and Greek with Celtic words and was influenced a bit by Frankish for the pronunciation?
30% Frankish? You're dreaming lmao do you even understand what you're saying? Just like Gaulish, Frankish brought only one or two hundred words.
Old French is the Langue d'Oïl that was the GALLO-ROMAN language spoken in Northern France without much words from Frankish
@@XR190190 Old French was literally 30% Frankish loanwords. Even Modern French is still 15% Frankish loanwords despite heavy Latin and Italian borrowings in the Middle Ages.
French was far more influenced by Frankish than by Gaulish, and not just in terms of vocabulary, any linguist with half a brain can see that. There’s some Gaulish influence on French, but it’s incredibly minor.
Do yourself a favor and read about your own language before attempting to talk about it.
Woah, I didn't expected this
Great video
Thank you
Good!👍😀
All languages: "normal"
Pictish: 🗿🗿🗿
During the Ottoman period, Turkish was spoken in various regions of the Balkan geography.
Almost never shown on the map
In Istanbul, Greek was spoken extensively in various settlements in the European part, but this was not the case in central Istanbul.
In the last days of the Ottoman Empire, the number of people who came to Europe was quite numerous.
In cities such as Istanbul and Izmir, Romance languages were spoken at a considerable rate.
And in the city of Thessaloniki, the Jewish population spoke the Ladino.
İts shown in the map but its shows it as mixed but yea i feel like it should be more turkic dominated. Also agean and Mediterranean regions was more Turkish dominated i mean otherwise why agean and Mediterranean turks now have the highest East Eurasian and medieval turkic ancestry among Anatolian turks?? I mean turkmens especially settled on western regions more since western regions werent easy for us to dominate
@@k1r4z. Yes, there is a high amount of eastern Eurasian genetic heritage among the Turks living in the west of Anatolia.
It would have been more accurate to show those regions on the map with Turkish density.
The number of Turkish speakers is more dominant in various regions of Anatolia
As a bosnian I agree. The Turkic language heavily influenced the way us Bosnians speak. It’s very interesting tbh. The Illyrians had their language. Then came the Roman Empire. After that the slavic people migrated to the balkans. And then the Ottoman Empire influenced the language and culture.
Exaclty.
@@Pekara121 The culture? Lucky guy😂
Do the Uto Aztecan family, it'll be interesting to see how colonialism affected it
amazing
Thank you
Polabian was spoken in Lower Saxony and Brandenburg for a long time. This needs updated.
i love how germanic aligns perfecly with the borders of pre-ww2 germany
Yes, because the borders were drawn exactly for that reason, to encompass the majority german areas, yet a certain man was still unsatisfied with them
As a german it should have stayed that way. Oberschlesien could have also gone to Poland. What happened, happened. Sad to see how after 1945 germans in the East simply vanished.
That war, intended to Spread germans around the world, ended up doing the exact opposite.
From what I can tell I noticed one error: Czechia (or Bohemia & Moravia) in this video doesn't show local Germans. Very easy to spot & correctable mistake if you know about it.
Actually, outside of Samara at the Volga this video ommits Germans anywhere in Russia.
There are many many mistakes. For example, Romanian language borders are as like nowadays from the 5 century, altought theye were in the balkans until the 16 century.
@@xerxen100 what language was spoken in 15 century?
@@gege1103 In where?
instead of Romanian
Great
Thank you
This map is kind of sub-par but it gets it roughly right. It should not be so eager to fill in the gaps in areas with unknown language with a neighboring language, for many places in time we just do not know exactly and this map should not be afraid to show just that...
I don't think that Hungarian language was only a majority language in the post-1920 Hungarian areas and Székelyföld, all through at least 1000 years.
Sure. Based on the overall politician point of view of the Antant community. We could see a state-of-the-art presentation technique with a full lie due to the Carpathian Basin.
Great video, I noticed one small mistake though, Slavic languages (Polish/Silesian) was still spoken by the majority in Upper Silesia until shortly before the outbreak of WW1, whereas its shown to be Germanic/Romance from ~1400 here.
Harder to prove this next point due to a lack of censuses at the time but Slavic (Polabian/Sorbian) was likely also spoken East of the Elbe for much longer than was shown. Modern Upper Saxony, Brandenburg and Mecklenburg-Vorpommern should be Slavic majority from ~600AD-~1100AD. The area was only definitively subdued and converted by the German Crusaders in the 1140s, yet here by 1000AD only the Westernmost parts of Pomerania are shown to be Slavic majority.
Ja słyszałem,że nawet na Dolnym Śląsku większość ludności (szczególnie wśród chłopstwa,którego było najwięcej) co najmniej do połowy XVIII wieku mówiła po polsku
I believe Oberschlesien was majority polish even in 1937.
To add sth... Austria people were germanized in 9 century... before that they spoke slavic as well
@@robertspychalski1267 This is not true. While maybe some were, austrians werent slavs. Its just that in todays austria there were slavs. Dont forget, the slavs came later to europe themselves.
@@stanisawkowalski4804 Może i prawda, trudno powiedzieć. Z tego co ja wiem z danych ze Pruskich spisów ludności, to już odkąd Prusy przejeli Śląsk od Austriaków było już raczej mało Polsko/Śląsko języcznych ludzi na Dolnym Śląsku. W okolicach Wrocławia na przykład, Polacy byli około 8% ludności w roku 1819.
Według danych to tylko w Górnym Śląsku była Polska większość, jakieś 65-70% w 1819, i ~57% w 1905.
Ale ponieważ Prusi raczej próbowali wytępić Polską i Katolicką kulturę to może i by mieli powód by wyolbrzymiać tę dane. Pewnie nigdy się nie dowiemy definitywnie. W tamtych czasach ludzie inaczej patrzyli na koncepcje narodu i większość ludzi mówili w wiecej niż jednym języku.
could u pls make a higher quality version of the video?
I can’t find anything about one whole Atlantic substrate, I did find that goidelic substrate, the Irish one, is pretty similar to our language now
There’s a mistake : the Italian language did not decline in Istria until after WWII when Yugoslavia forced them to emigrate.
Pictish was not a paleo-Indo European language, it has been thoroughly confirmed as a Celtic language, your continuing to show it as paleo-indo European is misinformation at worst and indicative of poor research at best :(
In recent decades there are barely any native French speakers left in Flanders because of the Flemish movement starting around 1900 and culminating in the 60s when language zones were established in Belgium.
I'd love to see my homeland on the map... sápmi or Northern Norway. Interesting vid tho, we're still here
I noticed a small mistake when Finland joined Russia. Our two official languages still stayed as finnish and swedish (we were grand dutchy a.k.a had our own laws, languages, church etc.) We did not know how to speak russian.
Only our represantives in russian meetings knew how to speak it. Some in the army also learned it but everyone else was completly clueless
Да? А то в комментариях один чел доказывает, что русификация была принудительным процессом. Короче, вы врёте. После присоединения Финляндии финский язык уничтожили. Это если ему верить
I think he fails miserably trying to add "prestige lanuages"
”Joined”, huh, well Russia waged a war to occupy and cease it
Long live Romania! It's a miracle how my ascentors preserved our beautiful Romance languace, in a sea of slavs and other migrating populations!
What do we know about the Cimmerian language?
Very nice video, I had not heard about these substrate languages. Could you perhaps provide any links to information about these languages?
Thank you
@@CostasMelas do you have any links to information about the pre-indo-european substrate languages?