What are restriction enzymes
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A restriction enzyme (or restriction endonuclease) is an enzyme that cuts DNA at or near specific recognition nucleotide sequences known as restriction sites.[1][2][3] Restriction enzymes are commonly classified into three types, which differ in their structure and whether they cut their DNA substrate at their recognition site, or if the recognition and cleavage sites are separate from one another. To cut DNA, all restriction enzymes make two incisions, once through each sugar-phosphate backbone (i.e. each strand) of the DNA double helix.
These enzymes are found in bacteria and archaea and provide a defense mechanism against invading viruses.[4][5] Inside a prokaryote, the restriction enzymes selectively cut up foreign DNA in a process called restriction; while host DNA is protected by a modification enzyme (a methylase) that modifies the prokaryotic DNA and blocks cleavage. Together, these two processes form the restriction modification system.[6]
Over 3000 restriction enzymes have been studied in detail, and more than 600 of these are available commercially.[7] These enzymes are routinely used for DNA modification in laboratories, and are a vital tool in molecular cloning.[8][9][10]
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Not just for India, USA also :D
"Don't cleave me, I created you !". Just brilliant haha.
Thanksss as always Shomu's Biology !
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Hi Suman bro ... ! Krishna here from Bombay in 3rd yr bsc biotech. What an Awesome video bro.. !Expained it so wonderfully, slowly and clearly. Cannot expect a better explanation buddy.Great work.Nice of you to share the knowledge..help others.. Respect for u Mahn .. Thumbs up :).. I along wid friends Followd allmost all ur videos for the exams..as Lecs in college don't help much due to hapazard incomplete and careless teaching. :/ understood fully and better after seeing ur videos. U will be respected every where bro.. Thanks..Owe u for ur efforts ..Cheers from Bombay..
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damn! im in 9th grade and i have to learn this crap!
Sir whole graduation is completeed bkz of u. Ur 10 mints videos nade my life. Sir alhamdillah. I m the silver medalist of my institute.. And u played a major role for my this achvmnt..my ever best tchr.. Love u frm core of my heart. Need ur comnt below.. ♥️😍 Plz sir. I will uploaded. S. S on my social accounts..
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Thanks sir, thank u so much! It really helped me clearing the doubts which were termed as "too inquisitive" by my teacher as we were being taught from NCERT but, I really like these topics..and u know how good for nothing is NCERT!
"Hey! This is part of your cell don't cleave me " 😂😂 however sir you are awesome.. I am in BSC biotechnology 3rd year... And I started watching your video from f.y. BSC... At every exam at end of paper I write "credits goes to suman sir from sohmus biology"
Sir you are the best tutor I ever heard!!!!! I can’t thank you enough! You literally helped me through the whole year and I can’t forget your hard work and help!!!!! Thhannnkkk youuuuu
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the way u teach is the best u actually simplify the difficult concepts thanku so so much
‘A bacterium’*
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Extremely useful for me! I am going to recommend it..thank you Shomu.
I was in such a confusion and had so many doubts on this topic. This video was like some blessing 🌸🌸
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Some people make molecular biology too complicated but you made it so easy 😢❤
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some teachers are just magicians....... thank you very much
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Sir I want to became teacher like you. Inshallah one day I also taught like you in front of whole world and that is the happiest moment of my life.
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well i want to understand this specific topic bcz my base is very weak in Biotechnology...you did it just fine... thanks bro
great video!!!!!!.thank you sir.i have been preparing for NTS exam and I am sure that this will definitely help me.thanks alot once again
Thanks brother !! Saved my genetics lab preparation. Hats off
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I thought I might make a comment for all those who are like me and don't watch videos that much the whole way through in general, this one about endonucleases: an endonuclease is an enzyme which cleaves a chain of linear polymers comprised of nucleotide units bonded together (polynucleotides) by separating nucleotides except for those on the periphery.
thanks for the lecture great one but what i know is EcoR1 cleaves G A not A T, it is Sma1 that cleaves A T creating blunt ends while the latter creates sticky ends
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Totla choda
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@@souviksikdar3180 esob bolte hole super potty ache...ekhane esob bolar jayga na...apni bhul jaygay esechen...uni bhalo teacher tai kichu bollen na
@@protivasaha2575 hmm thik bolechen....bhalo teacher ...but totlay......
you have a way of making concepts easier, thank you.
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thank u so much, i learned more about restriction enzymes
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U r d life saviour of students like us
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Honestly you are an excellent guy...I know how the DNA molecule becomes straight after a while..... seriously you guys are amazing teachers....I saw a few TH-camrs and you're great and I am sure you can only have this kind of commentaries.... I love scientist that post their notes....I believe we can see always another angle from somebody else and I like that.....and always an enriching one too.
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I'm from Egypt and follow you. I understand from you and appreciate your efforts ,Thanks .👏💜
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Hello Suman sir.. Your videos are quite clearly understood able and most helpful and easy to memorize. I really appreciate your handwork and would like you to make more such videos for easy understanding about biology for the students..
I would like to you to make one video on how to upload the Genomic Sequences at NCBI.
Thank you.
Thank you. I am planing to make whole new Bioinformatics video series soon
@@shomusbiologyofficial Thank you sir will be waiting.
You explain everything so beautifully. .always make the complicated stuffs simplified and easily understandable. .thank you👍
you are so good in explaining things. i always watch your videos
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Very good explanation.
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Thankuu broo for explaining ....and I think it would be still more useful for competitive exams if u explain the nomenclature of some more enzymes... Plz please try to upload one more video for explaining some more examples so that it will be useful a lot... Even me and my friends almost many of us listen to ur classes thanks bro for explaining so clearlyyyy....
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Shomu you are truly one of a kind
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Amazingly done... Just awesome thank you sooo much sir. Allah bless you. Love and respect from Pakistan. You are my ideal teacher.
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good n digestible lecture
thank you so much, it realy influenced by ur way of teaching. it is simple but really effective
@Shomu's Biology Sir what if the restriction enzymes created by bacteria are Isoschizomers?
(Isoschizomers can recognise n cleave methylated dna sequences)
Superb.... Sir... This video cleared my doubt. Tnq sir
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Thanku sir... God bless you always 😇💓🌼🤗🙏
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Sir I just love your class..! It's very much understanding and interesting
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Sir.Very nice.but I have one doubt.how restriction endonuclease enzyme do not affect our parental genome.?.You say there is methylase in parental genome..But phage genome also have methylase ..But how is specifically affect the phage genome not bacterial genome.i am really confused that area?Can u pls explain?
🙏🤗Thank you for sharing this knowledge ❤️ very gifted and humble teacher. You really teach so I really learn.🤗🙏
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@@shomusbiologyofficial The fact that u are still replying to comments even after 7-8 years of upload is amazing. You definitely are in love with the subject and it clearly reflects in your way of teaching, how you explain everything with so much ease and interest. THANK YOU so much sir for your valuable lectures, it hepls us students in ways one can not fully explain.
Best wishes for u may god give u happiness, prosperity and good health.
you dont be thank for watching ...im thanking you for explaining
Hats off to u brdr😊....god bless u always👌😊😊👍👍
Thank you
thanks alott for ur all videos... they helped alott..
Thank you so much..clearly exaplained 👍👍👍
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Thanks a lot for a remarkable lec. I've a qs:
If the restriction site sequence is same for bacteria n phage to be cleaved, How does the bacteria recognize that its his own DNA to be modified or its bacteriophage's? Can't it modify phage's DNA?
Kindly answer.
Thank You
Bacteria protects its own DNA by methylation it
Thank you so much sir ❤ this makes me very heplful . God bless you 🥰
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In nomenclature Roman numeral tells about order of isolation
Well done am greatfull for this video, I must say I comprehend easily💯
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Happy techers day sirr. Sir plz held your Live session at any day. Love from pakistan.
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Wonderful session sir 👍👍
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Many thanks. It is very helpful.
Glad it helped
Thank you so much sir❤️
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Sir from where the restriction enzymes were formed inside the bacterial cell? Which organelle responsible for this?
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Best explanation sir.. I lv ur vdo
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Just awesome ... thanks a lot sir
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thanks man. that was very helpful!!
Yes you are doing alot alot for others
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Excellent vdo sir🙂
Really good tutorial
Sir msc biotechnology k bad kya future options available hai?
sir..need video on pcr troubleshooting
sir i hav exam exams tomo so could u pls make a video on restriction mapping
Thnkx a lot of u sir🙏🏻🙏🏻💐💐💐
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Dhanyavad
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there great videos helpful to all
Great video! Very helpful!
Very Interesting
Thank you
Dear Shomu, I really like your teaching style. you are doing great work. But, in this video, I have not convinced on the content you said from 8.26 to 9.20?? could you please clarify? As I know, it is the bacteria which produces REs to kill invading foreign DNA not the vice versa!
Thanks
Mohan
Mohan TC From that what he meant that virus DNA do have some protein that help viral DNA to get cut and paste itself inside the bacterial DNA so that virus can hijack host, and start it's own replication. Since it's all the game of probability, whether protien enzymes(DNA of Virus) is able to find appropriate location to get inside before host immune system kills it or not. That's the reason why we use term "plague formation unit" amount of virus needed to infect a cell, incase of influenza (common cold) it need around 350 to infect a cell whereas Polio virus is nearly upto 40-50.
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If you ever need something god will send from the heaven's of the internet a random indian man who will teach you exacly what you need to know. Thank you so much!
All the best. Although I'm not random guy. The oldest and most loved biology channel in TH-cam
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just hats off💯
very nice vid, great explanation
Even if it has like a written code for a recognition signal sequence.
How do restriction enzyme know how to do its job? How does it know where to go?
+kenectic it doesn't GO anywhere , its everywhere , the DNA produce so much it fells the hall place of them , swimming everywhere , .
very good awesome lec bro........EXPLAIN ME 3 TO 5 AND 5 TO 3 SEQUNCE IN DNA PLEASE
n
M K please learn first spelling of"sequence" befaor taking a big leap to restriction enzymes
Tejas u also have to learn the spelling of before firstly🤣🤣
That was a great video. thank you
very good video sir .. i am fan of you
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Correction...The Roman number in the end denotes order of identification
Great sir g...!
Impressive
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So clear! Thank you 🙏🏻
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i want to know according to what the enzyme has its specific seq. of nucleotides which it can recognize it ?
Sir - please make video on enzyme technology
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Sir please make a vedio of poly nucleotide Kinase
Thank you sir
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explained well
That was a great video
Thanku sir
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❤️❤️❤️ thank you sir
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Excellent.
Thank you
hii ,sir
R.E is only the restriction endonuclease?? nothng more??
can't be othr nucleases lyk exo? or res.endonuclease??
there are other endonucleases ,but R.E are the most common.
Exo is not cut a correct cleavage it will cut diffrent area so these no use in R.E
nice bro.ur the best
Great sir! 👌👍
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