Two years of daily work learning Russian and the perfective/imperfective thing STILL gives me the run-around. I think this might help, though, so thanks :)
Спасибо! Though keep in mind that this just scratches the surface of the nuances that aspect can expressd in various contexts. I'm working on a continuing series about aspect this month. :)
سوار الفارسي Yeah, I understand your troubles... For a teacher it's also easier to use an intermediate language or the native language of a student in order to explain some difficult grammatical moments
Why is this video not more widely propagated? This is the single best intro to this subject that I have encountered. Definitely going to be sharing this one!
Thanks Dan & Peter, I'm glad if it's helpful. But do keep in mind that we're just scratching the surface here - be ready to consider more nuances in specific contexts as you progress. If your experience is like mine, you may well be thinking about aspect for as long as you study Russian!
Well done Dr. Ford! I would like to add that the present perfective can be formed with a help of a word "сейчас" and is actually used quite commonly in colloquial speech. For example imagine a situation where a teacher enters the classroom 10 minutes before the exam and notices that one of the students is rapidly skimming through the exam material. The teacher then asks to this student: "What are You doing?" The student then answers : "Я сейчас прочитаю книгу" What this means is that the student is doing it with a purpose to quickly skim through the book and to be ready to answer the exam in 10 minutes. Russians use it all the time: "Я сейчас сделаю/позвоню/попрошу" etc.
Yes, using сейчас with a perfective is very common: Сейчас скажу "I'll tell you" (when thinking for a moment before continuing); сейчас приду "I'll be right back/I'll be back in a sec." I hesitate to call these present, though; сейчас in these examples feels to me like 'presently, in a moment' - an immediate future, but still future. On the other hand, I just looked at (thanks to your question!) a study by Gattner/Heininger/Hörnig, "The Russian perfective present in performative utterances," that suggests perfective present is possible with some performatives (an utterance with a speech act verb), as when a teacher says Я попрошу вас говорить громко и по очереди. There are many subtleties involved; you can read more in their book chapter (from Advances in formal Slavic linguistics 2016, 127-146) at: www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwia-8rjwIH0AhVEip4KHQqyD_wQFnoECAMQAQ&url=https%3A%2F%2Flangsci-press.org%2Fcatalog%2Fview%2F189%2F1709%2F1351-2&usg=AOvVaw2BYdnq_WiOJWhuSIoihjAR
@@russiangrammar Thank You! I don't struggle myself with this particular Russian language concept as we have similar concept in my native language (Latvian) as well but I can see how it can be quite challenging to explain this to English speakers. On the other hand I see how Russians struggle to understand many of the English grammar concepts, especially the different tenses. I strongly believe that our native language forms our thought process. As You mentioned in Your "в или на" video that the difference can sometimes be even political and in this case one could even argue that the division between the Western World and Russians is even on the level of different worldview because of how ones brain is wired thanks to their native language. Another example of this idea is how a lot of people believe that Chinese are naturally gifted in Math when in fact it' s their language and their writing system that gives them advantage in making certain calculations faster compared to Indo-European language users. This man explains it brilliantly here: th-cam.com/video/n7jHT7Tumcw/w-d-xo.html&ab_channel=JerryLiu I also remember reading an article in English and You have to forgive me here as I cannot give You any reference to it as it was a long time ago but I remember that the story was how some military historians had analyzed how one army had an advantage over the enemy army because of their native language-the commanders could simply give commands faster to their cannon team than the enemy commanders. The structure of their native language allowed them to give commands more quickly and precisely. Fascinating! On the side note I have always found it interesting how Russians put much emphasis on how the physical object is put on something: "поставить или положить" In English one could simply say: "Put the book on the table" whereas in Russian You have to specify in which way You want to put the book on the table -laying or stationary. I don't think they themselves consciously realize this but if You use the поставить/положить wrongly then it will definitely rise some eyebrows. Keep up the good job Doctor!
Well, you still may use читаю / прочитываю in the present, where прочитываю actually indicates completeness of your reading :) "Я прочитываю по 10 страниц в день" - I read (fully) 10 pages daily. "Я прочитываю надпись и тут же понимаю, что..." - I'm reading the sign and then I understand right away that... The same for пить - пью/выпиваю (with specific meaning in the present simple if the drink is not indicated). "Я достаточно редко выпиваю" - I drink (alcohol) rather rarely "Я редко выпиваю свой чай до конца" - I rarely finish up my tea "Осталось только 3 напитка. Четвёртый я выпиваю прямо сейчас" - There's only 3 drinks left. The 4th I'm drinking (finishing) right now. It won't work with писать, though. It's always пишу. But in all these situations imperfective form will work as well - just with a little less stress on completeness of an action, so don't bother. :)))
True, you can use прочитывать, выпивать, and others in the present - since they're also imperfectives, often called 'secondary imperfectives,' fitting into this type of pattern: пить (imperf.) > выпить (perf). > выпивать (imperf.). I think they're especially common when adding the prefix not only creates a perfective, but changes the meaning: писать 'to write' (imperf.) > подписать 'to sign' (perf.) > подписывать 'to sign' (imperf.)работать 'to work' (imperf.) > заработать 'to earn' (perf.) > зарабатывать 'to earn' (imperf.) >>so don't bother. :))) I don't, at least in beginning lessons like these, for fear of scaring people away! Far better to get comfortable with the basics first... but this is certainly useful for more advanced learners. Thanks for the comment!
In Filipino it's more complicated Basa- read (command, direct) Magbasa- to read Nagbasa- read (action has been done) Binabasa- reading (pointing the material which is being read) Magbabasa- going to read Nagbabasa- reading (pointing the person who is reading) Basahin- read (command, indirect) Binasa- read (already read) Babasahin- going to read (pointing about the material that is going to read) Actually there's a lot more but it's hard to explain.
Это зачем я не понимала verbs of motion раньше . раньше изучая verbs of motion , Я изучала verbal aspects ..поетому я верила..иcпользовать perfective verbs когда вы описаете going somewhere , это надо иметь результат со связью с местом вы went in..напрмер, так i might have thought Я иду в кино but i not have understood why i'm using идти > because in my silly mind, i was thinking " ah well theres been a result at the cinima; we've seen the film" i dont know if that makes any sense but i hope it does. anyway thanks for your videos они очень ясные
When using an infinitive, how do you know which aspect to use? Does the meaning change is you use one aspect or the other? The other tenses I understand, it's only the infinitive that confuses me.
There's just a handful of specific guidelines. After verbs of beginning/ending/continuing, use imperfectives: брошу курить, начал писать, продолжала смотреть = 'I'll quit smoking, started to write, continued watching'. In contexts of effort & success with успеть or удасться, perfective is more common: успел прочитать 'had time to finish (reading)', мне удалось доказать 'I managed to prove.' Also, нельзя + imperfective = 'not permitted,' нельзя + perfective = 'not possible.' Most books I've seen don't go beyond these guidelines. Forsyth's terrific (but exhaustive) "A Grammar of Aspect" has around 70 pages on aspect with infinitives, but as he writes, "on the whole only tendencies, not rules, can be formulated for the aspectual usage of the infinitive..." so I'd advise learning the guidelines above and then listening (but not stressing) for a sense of usage in general. :)
Hello it's so nice. Eveytime I try, my Russian girlfriend says me I have a mistake in my sentence... That is bad! Finally I could understand here hpw it really works.. Do you have a web page with exercises to do about this? I need consistent training, thank you!
At the beginning it's best to learn aspects one pair at a time as your course or book introduces them, just as vocabulary; some prefixes can have more than one meaning, so you'll want to learn them in context. Later you'll begin to notice patterns that can help (for example, пере- can mean "across" or "doing something again"), but there's no need to learn them all at once. :)
2:12 Oh, crap...I am learning German at the same time I am learning Russian. This means, I am doomed to mix the Russian perfective and imperfective with the German ones.
+Robert Andersson The terminology could be confusing (Russian perfective vs German past perfect, etc), but the usage is pretty different, so you'll be OK. :)
I saw that прочитаю is future. What does it mean? I will read (completed reading)? Я прочитаю книгу. I am reading the book.(?) I don't understand for this one. Hope you can help with this!
Yes, я прочитаю (perf.) книгу = "I will read the book" - meaning that you'll finish reading it, read it to the end; to use a perfective verb with future meaning, just conjugate it. "I am reading the book" (right now) and "I read the book" (in general, in the present) would both be я читаю (imperf.) книгу - only imperfective verbs have present tense meaning. There's a video on the future tense of imperfective verbs here: th-cam.com/video/H7GBEpmlmrE/w-d-xo.html
@@russiangrammar I see. If 《я прочитаю книгу》 means "I will (finish) reading the book", then 《я буду читать книгу》 means "I will read the book", but not exactly a 'completed' action but just the action of reading, right?
Если я выпил водку, то скорее всего всю, а если выпил водки то скорее всего какое-то количество но не всю. а если просто я пил водку то это просто факт безотносительно количества. это просто пример. твое объяснение идеальное
There's no way to predict it for all verbs - you'll need to learn each pair as vocabulary. That said, with time you'll begin to get a sense of the general meaning of the prefixes.
Yes! For example, писать > perfective написать ('to write,' completion implied, meaning not changed otherwise). And there's also переписать 'to rewrite,' дописать 'to finish writing' (something you'd started earlier), прописать 'to prescribe,' выписать 'to discharge (from the hospital)' and others. So it's like learning new vocabulary, but the prefix can give you a hint: so you can guess that if переписать is 'to rewrite,' then перечитать is 'to reread,' передумать 'to change your mind, rethink,' etc. Prefixes can have different nuances with different verbs, so it's all part of expanding your vocabulary.
Russian grammar ooo it’s almost like the prefixes have their own meaning wow. That’s the best way to put it I was confused. Damn thanks man honestly you helped out a ton man thanks :)
No, it's fine: Я буду покупать is imperfective, and that's the best aspect for expressing repeated future actions, or an ongoing action in the future, or often when you don't intend to do something in the future. When I have questions about usage I sometimes go to context.reverso.net/translation/russian-english/ for examples with translations - having a context is really helpful for questions about aspect.
There is a mistake at 2:43 ....the future perfective form was replaced by present perfective form which shouldn't exist ..according to you i know ....i know....i know....i deserve to pat myself on the back for being such a smart xD
+a- Babunji Careful - one of the tricky things about perfectives is they don't have present meaning. When you conjugate a perfective verb it may look like an imperfective present, but it really does have future meaning! For example, я читаю (imperfective) = I read/am reading, but я прочитаю (perfective) = I will read; я пишу (imperfective) = I write/am writing, but я напишу (perfective) = I will write.
Russian grammar wow ........ i didn't know that. Why didn't they just use this form "буду прочитать" istead of the present perfective form ?? "When you conjugate a perfective verb it may look like an imperfective present , but it really does have future meaning! " Does what you say apply only to the future perfective form ?? Thank you sir for telling me this , i could have never knew.
+a- Babunji It may be helpful to avoid thinking of прочитаю, etc. as a 'present perfective' form, since perfective verbs just don't express notions of the present (whether repeated or ongoing or general actions); they express completion in the past or future. So: я написал письмо = I wrote (finished) the letter; я напишу письмо = I will write (finish) the letter. This is true of all perfective verbs. To say "I'm writing" or "I write" you must use imperfective (я пишу). Only imperfective verbs express the future with буду, будешь, etc (see the video on this channel). The reasons for all this lie pretty far back in the history of the language. :)
Russian grammar I knew there was something tricky about this lesson and the funny part is how i discovered it xD Thank you sir, you're really a great teacher :)
Hi. The variant "буду прочитать" is impossible. When you don't know which aspect has a word, you should pay attention to the following things: 1) the prefix: if you see any, it is mostly perfective. 2) if there is a suffix like ОВА, ИВА, ЫВА, - the word is ALWAYS imperfective, no matter which prefix it has. And. Russian verbs are a little bit more complex than just perfective and imperfective. Some verbs could have almost the same variety of "tenses" as the English ones. They are just not classified that logically as in English. You never know which word can go with which prefix or suffix. and one more. The real perfective form of the verb читать/to read is прочесть (прочту/прочтёшь..., прочёл/прочла). It only indicates the aspect of result. Just like I (have) read it. Like a letter or even a book, if one wants to specify that he did it in one go. the verb ПРОчитать (прочитаю/прочитаешь... , прочитал) means, however, that someone has been reading something for some period of time, like many days or hours. If you have more questions, please ask. the problem of the Russian linguistic, that the linguists there do not accept a lot of existing common words or colloquial aspect forms, and do not study local dialects. So you could hardly find a book with a good explanation of the Russian aspect.
Какой интересный вопрос! I've never thought about it, but I grew up in the US and it does feel natural to me to say 'Drink up your milk!' to a child. The Oxford Learner's Dictionary defines it as "to drink all of something." A quick check of Google's ngram viewer comparing the American corpus and British corpus suggests it may be somewhat more common in the US (and in both, more common in the 1800s), so perhaps it is becoming more of an American thing. It'd be interesting to see if usage of other verbs with 'up' that indicate completion (clean up, add up, use up) is diverging.
Sure "Drink up your milk" is ok as it's imperative in that case and is something I'd say. I'd never say I'd drank it up though. I can't explain why, it just sounds a bit odd to me. Like I said, maybe it's an American thing. Languages are strange, I've only recently started learning Russian. It's made me learn how much of a mess English is :)
It's not common in America either but as a native speaker you can find a way to say it that makes sense, hence illustrates the point he's making. Drank it all up may be may sound better to you but then there is an it, an object in there that confuses the topic of verb completing complement.
Thank you for punctuating your subtitles. That helps me see separate sentences and learn Russian better.
Two years of daily work learning Russian and the perfective/imperfective thing STILL gives me the run-around. I think this might help, though, so thanks :)
😊
Simply genius. Perhaps the simplest and clearest explanation of russian verb aspects I've ever seen.
Спасибо! Though keep in mind that this just scratches the surface of the nuances that aspect can expressd in various contexts. I'm working on a continuing series about aspect this month. :)
@@russiangrammar it would be great!
I find all your videos very helpful indeed. Спасибо!
You're a talented teacher! Very clear explanation! I use your tips with my English speaking students) Thanks a lot!
سوار الفارسي Yeah, I understand your troubles... For a teacher it's also easier to use an intermediate language or the native language of a student in order to explain some difficult grammatical moments
سوار الفارسي maybe I could help you... Find me on Skype. Skype name is katyaguddi
Katya Guddi Здравствуйте преподаватель Катя! Я рад что, я увидел вас здесь.
Excellent video, easily understandable for any level of language learning. Большой спасибо!
Actually "Большое спасибо" , because "спасибо" is neuter .
This was the best explanation of verb aspect I've found so far. Keep up the good work! Спасибо!
As soon as you started talking I immediately hit the like button you're English accent is dopeee
Thanks for posting these videos. You have a gift for explaining concepts alien to Anglophones.
Excellent!! Thank you! Your students are very lucky!
Why is this video not more widely propagated? This is the single best intro to this subject that I have encountered. Definitely going to be sharing this one!
😊
I'm learning Russian and this video explains so much!
Thanks Dan & Peter, I'm glad if it's helpful. But do keep in mind that we're just scratching the surface here - be ready to consider more nuances in specific contexts as you progress. If your experience is like mine, you may well be thinking about aspect for as long as you study Russian!
This is wonderful !
I am actually watching this video to clear up the difference... Because I am Russian and Im learning English
Thank you for all the lessons. They ease me to learn Russian and you couldn't have explained it better. I bet you are a great teacher. Спасибо!
Great review!
this was super helpful! :) thanks
yes thank you u ve clearified a topic ive been struggling to grasp very well. я понимаю сейчас!!!!
Спасибо большое
Very good explanation
AWESOME
Very helpful! Thank you!
Пожалуйста! You're welcome!
Отличное видео! Трудная, но интересная тема.
Well done Dr. Ford! I would like to add that the present perfective can be formed with a help of a word "сейчас" and is actually used quite commonly in colloquial speech. For example imagine a situation where a teacher enters the classroom 10 minutes before the exam and notices that one of the students is rapidly skimming through the exam material. The teacher then asks to this student: "What are You doing?" The student then answers : "Я сейчас прочитаю книгу" What this means is that the student is doing it with a purpose to quickly skim through the book and to be ready to answer the exam in 10 minutes. Russians use it all the time: "Я сейчас сделаю/позвоню/попрошу" etc.
Yes, using сейчас with a perfective is very common: Сейчас скажу "I'll tell you" (when thinking for a moment before continuing); сейчас приду "I'll be right back/I'll be back in a sec." I hesitate to call these present, though; сейчас in these examples feels to me like 'presently, in a moment' - an immediate future, but still future.
On the other hand, I just looked at (thanks to your question!) a study by Gattner/Heininger/Hörnig, "The Russian perfective present in performative utterances," that suggests perfective present is possible with some performatives (an utterance with a speech act verb), as when a teacher says Я попрошу вас говорить громко и по очереди. There are many subtleties involved; you can read more in their book chapter (from Advances in formal Slavic linguistics 2016, 127-146) at:
www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwia-8rjwIH0AhVEip4KHQqyD_wQFnoECAMQAQ&url=https%3A%2F%2Flangsci-press.org%2Fcatalog%2Fview%2F189%2F1709%2F1351-2&usg=AOvVaw2BYdnq_WiOJWhuSIoihjAR
@@russiangrammar Thank You! I don't struggle myself with this particular Russian language concept as we have similar concept in my native language (Latvian) as well but I can see how it can be quite challenging to explain this to English speakers. On the other hand I see how Russians struggle to understand many of the English grammar concepts, especially the different tenses. I strongly believe that our native language forms our thought process. As You mentioned in Your "в или на" video that the difference can sometimes be even political and in this case one could even argue that the division between the Western World and Russians is even on the level of different worldview because of how ones brain is wired thanks to their native language. Another example of this idea is how a lot of people believe that Chinese are naturally gifted in Math when in fact it' s their language and their writing system that gives them advantage in making certain calculations faster compared to Indo-European language users. This man explains it brilliantly here: th-cam.com/video/n7jHT7Tumcw/w-d-xo.html&ab_channel=JerryLiu
I also remember reading an article in English and You have to forgive me here as I cannot give You any reference to it as it was a long time ago but I remember that the story was how some military historians had analyzed how one army had an advantage over the enemy army because of their native language-the commanders could simply give commands faster to their cannon team than the enemy commanders. The structure of their native language allowed them to give commands more quickly and precisely. Fascinating!
On the side note I have always found it interesting how Russians put much emphasis on how the physical object is put on something: "поставить или положить" In English one could simply say: "Put the book on the table" whereas in Russian You have to specify in which way You want to put the book on the table -laying or stationary. I don't think they themselves consciously realize this but if You use the поставить/положить wrongly then it will definitely rise some eyebrows.
Keep up the good job Doctor!
спасибо большой
just started learning russian this is so helpful dude
😊
please can you make a video about reflexive verbs
Quite effective
Мне очень ПОнравилось это видио! )
Well, you still may use читаю / прочитываю in the present, where прочитываю actually indicates completeness of your reading :)
"Я прочитываю по 10 страниц в день" - I read (fully) 10 pages daily.
"Я прочитываю надпись и тут же понимаю, что..." - I'm reading the sign and then I understand right away that...
The same for пить - пью/выпиваю (with specific meaning in the present simple if the drink is not indicated).
"Я достаточно редко выпиваю" - I drink (alcohol) rather rarely
"Я редко выпиваю свой чай до конца" - I rarely finish up my tea
"Осталось только 3 напитка. Четвёртый я выпиваю прямо сейчас" - There's only 3 drinks left. The 4th I'm drinking (finishing) right now.
It won't work with писать, though. It's always пишу.
But in all these situations imperfective form will work as well - just with a little less stress on completeness of an action, so don't bother. :)))
True, you can use прочитывать, выпивать, and others in the present - since they're also imperfectives, often called 'secondary imperfectives,' fitting into this type of pattern: пить (imperf.) > выпить (perf). > выпивать (imperf.).
I think they're especially common when adding the prefix not only creates a perfective, but changes the meaning:
писать 'to write' (imperf.) > подписать 'to sign' (perf.) > подписывать 'to sign' (imperf.)работать 'to work' (imperf.) > заработать 'to earn' (perf.) > зарабатывать 'to earn' (imperf.)
>>so don't bother. :))) I don't, at least in beginning lessons like these, for fear of scaring people away! Far better to get comfortable with the basics first... but this is certainly useful for more advanced learners. Thanks for the comment!
I hope it won't scare anyone, but will increase the interest.
And thank you for spreading knowledge.
This is an interesting video and very useful. Thank you.
In Filipino it's more complicated
Basa- read (command, direct)
Magbasa- to read
Nagbasa- read (action has been done)
Binabasa- reading (pointing the material which is being read)
Magbabasa- going to read
Nagbabasa- reading (pointing the person who is reading)
Basahin- read (command, indirect)
Binasa- read (already read)
Babasahin- going to read (pointing about the material that is going to read)
Actually there's a lot more but it's hard to explain.
Wow, that does sound complex (and really interesting)!
Это зачем я не понимала verbs of motion раньше . раньше изучая verbs of motion , Я изучала verbal aspects ..поетому я верила..иcпользовать perfective verbs когда вы описаете going somewhere , это надо иметь результат со связью с местом вы went in..напрмер, так i might have thought Я иду в кино but i not have understood why i'm using идти > because in my silly mind, i was thinking " ah well theres been a result at the cinima; we've seen the film" i dont know if that makes any sense but i hope it does. anyway thanks for your videos они очень ясные
Nice
совершенный вид = (perf) perfective verb
When using an infinitive, how do you know which aspect to use? Does the meaning change is you use one aspect or the other? The other tenses I understand, it's only the infinitive that confuses me.
There's just a handful of specific guidelines. After verbs of beginning/ending/continuing, use imperfectives: брошу курить, начал писать, продолжала смотреть = 'I'll quit smoking, started to write, continued watching'. In contexts of effort & success with успеть or удасться, perfective is more common: успел прочитать 'had time to finish (reading)', мне удалось доказать 'I managed to prove.' Also, нельзя + imperfective = 'not permitted,' нельзя + perfective = 'not possible.' Most books I've seen don't go beyond these guidelines. Forsyth's terrific (but exhaustive) "A Grammar of Aspect" has around 70 pages on aspect with infinitives, but as he writes, "on the whole only tendencies, not rules, can be formulated for the aspectual usage of the infinitive..." so I'd advise learning the guidelines above and then listening (but not stressing) for a sense of usage in general. :)
Hello it's so nice. Eveytime I try, my Russian girlfriend says me I have a mistake in my sentence... That is bad! Finally I could understand here hpw it really works..
Do you have a web page with exercises to do about this? I need consistent training, thank you!
❤
bro please make a vedio to help me out i am very confused in using за ,про ,пре ,с when and where to use them
At the beginning it's best to learn aspects one pair at a time as your course or book introduces them, just as vocabulary; some prefixes can have more than one meaning, so you'll want to learn them in context. Later you'll begin to notice patterns that can help (for example, пере- can mean "across" or "doing something again"), but there's no need to learn them all at once. :)
2:12 Oh, crap...I am learning German at the same time I am learning Russian. This means, I am doomed to mix the Russian perfective and imperfective with the German ones.
+Robert Andersson The terminology could be confusing (Russian perfective vs German past perfect, etc), but the usage is pretty different, so you'll be OK. :)
Russian grammar Yes, I meant that the terminology is the same; not the usage. Still, thank you for responding. ☺
what a coincidence, I am learning Russian at home and we are learning german at school.
N A I S E V I D E O
I saw that прочитаю is future. What does it mean? I will read (completed reading)?
Я прочитаю книгу.
I am reading the book.(?) I don't understand for this one. Hope you can help with this!
Yes, я прочитаю (perf.) книгу = "I will read the book" - meaning that you'll finish reading it, read it to the end; to use a perfective verb with future meaning, just conjugate it.
"I am reading the book" (right now) and "I read the book" (in general, in the present) would both be я читаю (imperf.) книгу - only imperfective verbs have present tense meaning. There's a video on the future tense of imperfective verbs here: th-cam.com/video/H7GBEpmlmrE/w-d-xo.html
@@russiangrammar I see. If 《я прочитаю книгу》 means "I will (finish) reading the book", then 《я буду читать книгу》 means "I will read the book", but not exactly a 'completed' action but just the action of reading, right?
Если я выпил водку, то скорее всего всю, а если выпил водки то скорее всего какое-то количество но не всю. а если просто я пил водку то это просто факт безотносительно количества.
это просто пример. твое объяснение идеальное
@@craftah No, that's not right. Vodka is uncountable in russian
@@danilochik я в курсе как бы. "водки" здесь это родительный падеж ))
@@yagmuralksal4762 you're welcome
How do I know prefix to use
There's no way to predict it for all verbs - you'll need to learn each pair as vocabulary. That said, with time you'll begin to get a sense of the general meaning of the prefixes.
Russian grammar thanks mate but can one verb take many prefixes and have many meanings ??
Yes! For example, писать > perfective написать ('to write,' completion implied, meaning not changed otherwise). And there's also переписать 'to rewrite,' дописать 'to finish writing' (something you'd started earlier), прописать 'to prescribe,' выписать 'to discharge (from the hospital)' and others.
So it's like learning new vocabulary, but the prefix can give you a hint: so you can guess that if переписать is 'to rewrite,' then перечитать is 'to reread,' передумать 'to change your mind, rethink,' etc. Prefixes can have different nuances with different verbs, so it's all part of expanding your vocabulary.
Russian grammar ooo it’s almost like the prefixes have their own meaning wow. That’s the best way to put it I was confused. Damn thanks man honestly you helped out a ton man thanks :)
Is я буду покупать incorrect way to say to buy something?
No, it's fine: Я буду покупать is imperfective, and that's the best aspect for expressing repeated future actions, or an ongoing action in the future, or often when you don't intend to do something in the future. When I have questions about usage I sometimes go to context.reverso.net/translation/russian-english/ for examples with translations - having a context is really helpful for questions about aspect.
*insert "I'm in Danger" meme here*
Oh god...
I'd recommend a "no worries, take a deep breath, one step at a time, patience & a sense of humor, you got this" meme here. :)
There is a mistake at 2:43 ....the future perfective form was replaced by present perfective form which shouldn't exist ..according to you
i know ....i know....i know....i deserve to pat myself on the back for being such a smart xD
+a- Babunji Careful - one of the tricky things about perfectives is they don't have present meaning. When you conjugate a perfective verb it may look like an imperfective present, but it really does have future meaning! For example, я читаю (imperfective) = I read/am reading, but я прочитаю (perfective) = I will read; я пишу (imperfective) = I write/am writing, but я напишу (perfective) = I will write.
Russian grammar
wow ........ i didn't know that.
Why didn't they just use this form "буду прочитать" istead of the present perfective form ??
"When you conjugate a perfective verb it may look like an imperfective present , but it really does have future meaning! "
Does what you say apply only to the future perfective form ??
Thank you sir for telling me this , i could have never knew.
+a- Babunji It may be helpful to avoid thinking of прочитаю, etc. as a 'present perfective' form, since perfective verbs just don't express notions of the present (whether repeated or ongoing or general actions); they express completion in the past or future. So: я написал письмо = I wrote (finished) the letter; я напишу письмо = I will write (finish) the letter. This is true of all perfective verbs. To say "I'm writing" or "I write" you must use imperfective (я пишу). Only imperfective verbs express the future with буду, будешь, etc (see the video on this channel). The reasons for all this lie pretty far back in the history of the language. :)
Russian grammar I knew there was something tricky about this lesson and the funny part is how i discovered it xD
Thank you sir, you're really a great teacher :)
Hi.
The variant "буду прочитать" is impossible.
When you don't know which aspect has a word, you should pay attention to the following things:
1) the prefix: if you see any, it is mostly perfective.
2) if there is a suffix like ОВА, ИВА, ЫВА, - the word is ALWAYS imperfective, no matter which prefix it has.
And.
Russian verbs are a little bit more complex than just perfective and imperfective.
Some verbs could have almost the same variety of "tenses" as the English ones. They are just not classified that logically as in English. You never know which word can go with which prefix or suffix.
and one more.
The real perfective form of the verb читать/to read is прочесть (прочту/прочтёшь..., прочёл/прочла).
It only indicates the aspect of result. Just like I (have) read it. Like a letter or even a book, if one wants to specify that he did it in one go.
the verb ПРОчитать (прочитаю/прочитаешь... , прочитал) means, however, that someone has been reading something for some period of time, like many days or hours.
If you have more questions, please ask.
the problem of the Russian linguistic, that the linguists there do not accept a lot of existing common words or colloquial aspect forms, and do not study local dialects. So you could hardly find a book with a good explanation of the Russian aspect.
I'm English. I don't think I have ever said "drank up". Ever. In my entire life. Is it an American thing?
Какой интересный вопрос! I've never thought about it, but I grew up in the US and it does feel natural to me to say 'Drink up your milk!' to a child. The Oxford Learner's Dictionary defines it as "to drink all of something." A quick check of Google's ngram viewer comparing the American corpus and British corpus suggests it may be somewhat more common in the US (and in both, more common in the 1800s), so perhaps it is becoming more of an American thing. It'd be interesting to see if usage of other verbs with 'up' that indicate completion (clean up, add up, use up) is diverging.
Sure "Drink up your milk" is ok as it's imperative in that case and is something I'd say. I'd never say I'd drank it up though. I can't explain why, it just sounds a bit odd to me. Like I said, maybe it's an American thing. Languages are strange, I've only recently started learning Russian. It's made me learn how much of a mess English is :)
It's not common in America either but as a native speaker you can find a way to say it that makes sense, hence illustrates the point he's making.
Drank it all up may be may sound better to you but then there is an it, an object in there that confuses the topic of verb completing complement.
SUSSSSSSSSSCRIBED BABY
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im losing it inside
Deep breaths. Take it one step at a time. You can do it!
@@russiangrammar thank you
в повелительном наклонении для большей корректности нужно было написать 'те' в скобках: читай(те)
2:45
広めてください」、
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ITS THE FIRST TIME I HAVE COME TO UNDERSTAND HCB / CB. payetemu oçen spasibo naşe razgavarili 🥰🥰🥰