The Brothers Gracchi - Enter Gaius - Extra History - Part 4
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 11 ต.ค. 2024
- 📜 The Brothers Gracchi, Part 4 - Extra History
With Tiberius dead, it fell to his brother Gaius to take up his mantle. Both brothered were talented and charismatic, but Gaius had a much more fiery temper that made the Senate wary. During his political post, as a quaestor assigned to Sardinia, they tried to bind him to his post to prevet him from running in another election. Gaius broke tradition and defied the Senate's orders, but when they put him on trial, he brought the citizens over to his side and walked away freely. As they had feared, he ran for tribune: the same office his brother had held. Despite heavy opposition from his enemies, he won. Support for him both in and outside Rome had grown so large that people flooded the city just to vote for him. In his first act, he passed a law which applied retroactively to punish Popilius Laena, the man who had banished Tiberius's supporters after his death. Popilius fled rather than face the law. Over the remainder of his term, Gaius proved extremely active and efficient: he passed new laws and implemented programs to help the poor, the soldiers, and the middle class through measures like the grain dole. At the end of his term, he planned to step down from politics for a while, but there weren't enough people who won the election for tribune that year so he was reinstated by default. Now he had what his brother had died for: a second term as tribune.
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Senate: "I never thought I'd say this, but I kinda miss Tiberius."
This would become the central theme of the fall of the roman republic. From this point on every generation would have their populist reformer, and every one of them would undermine the traditions of the republic in ways unthinkable before. The senators two generations from now would have given and arm and a leg to have their Populares be as "tame" as Tiberius and Gaius :P
ya same i miss tiberius gaius is i guess okkkk! ʕ·ᴥ· ʔ ʕ·ᴥ· ʔ ʕ·ᴥ· ʔ ʕ·ᴥ· ʔ ʕ·ᴥ· ʔ yogi the bear!
J Whitaker r/ihadastroke
Brutas and Cassius: Join the club.
These history lessons are so intense in their way
Sometimes at an end of a video I sweat so much once I almost had to change my shirt but I'm lazy
Senate: Commits largest taboo and kills a Tribune
Gaius: Abandons post after seeing trough their plans
Senate: NANI!?
Can you imagine yourself chillin' like a villain, and suddenly someone approaches you and says: "Oi, we don't have enough senators. Welcome to the upper house!"
Would you accept it? I don't think I would... Being a politician means making a lot of sacrifices for very little personal gratification, and while I like to think I would be capable of that, I suspect that actually, I wouldn't.
politician and sacrifices in the same statement? MADNESS
They sacrifice their honour, dignity, principles, humility and occasionally a few pets.
not if your last name is clinton ;)
I don't see why not, he's clearly no stranger to public service and probably initially only wanted a break to manage his estate.
The one thing that helped doom the republic was the creation of professional soldiers whose first loyalty was to their general NOT to the the republic. This was because it was the general who recruited them. The general who was responsible for seeing they were properly paid and equipped. The general who doled out the shares of any spoils. And it was the general who sometimes provided them with land at the completion of service. The general effectively became their patron and they his clients.
The senate could have avoided this simply by accepting the responsibility for providing for the legions. If they had been the ones to handle the support and welfare of the troops the soldiers would have been loyal to the state rather than their commander. Unfortunately, the senate always saw the army has an expense and tried to spend as little as possible on it. They always felt the citizens owed the state service along with the expense of that service. Even as they were turning small farmers into urban poor. It was their own selfishness and refusal to treat their soldiers with care that ultimately doomed them.
Yes, but that happened late in the imperial era. Had nothing to do with the fall of the republic.
Basically
this my friend is easier said than done. senators were politicians and not generals. they didn't need to b. their job was to pass laws not fight. they could add a section in the senate for generals but with the technology of the time whn hey were sent to the far away corners of the empire they couldn't keep traveling back and forth to Rome
And most of the major families disappeared when the Empire came around and quite frankly, their corruption and desire to exploit the poor got what was coming to them. They disappeared and many were killed. Good riddance
They had to swap from the citizen soldier system they simply couldn’t keep that up. there were much better solutions in the one they settled with.
SEE, THE YOUNGER SIBLING ALWAYS GETS WHAT THEY WANT, SO UNFAIR
Jan The Man well if you would have been a better bigger brother and not beat on your poor defensless sibling, your mother would see you as an equal son. Not a bastard child.
AND HE GETS TO BE A TRIBUNE! WHAT A SICK JOKE!
am i the only one who thinks that there needs to be a RTS game with the art style of Extra History and the jokes?
Wow...I'd pay for that! Something like a Civ 5 game?
Well that would be a turn based strategy game, which I think would actually work better.
maybe a 4x? like europa instead???/
Maybe a more user-friendly version of europa universalis...you can't tell I was bad at that game xD
The Phoenician lol i couldnt get into it because of how friggen complicated it seemed the game itself looks amazing
There's two types of politicians:
The calm, sometimes slightly machiavelic one (Tiberius)
Aaaand...
The "DAS WAR EIN BEFEHL!" one (Gaius)
You’re forgetting the third:
“Alea iacta est.”
Credit to Gaius got a lot further than his brother and did it honestly. He didn't have to conspire to the degree his brother did and actually got those goals done his brother had aimed for.
Must have been one heck of an intense public speaker. Someone getting that utterly into what he is saying can certainly move...or scare people.
Even if he does run into problems. He did end up accomplishing a lot more than Tiberius.
I love these two brothers already. The calm and composed and the impulsive one, both with a heart for the people :3
I love how casually they say "he did this, which doomed the republic." It really adds emphasis to the fact that this was a seemingly minor change to the military structure turned out to make a huge difference in the mechanics of Roman politics.
Why did it doom the Republic?
"He now achieved, by accident, what his brother lost his life grasping for." That's powerful, man. I genuinely hope he doesn't crash and burn. You can do it, Gaius!
Winning by accident because too many fools ran for spots. lol
its funny how this parallel's with Lincolns win of the presidency.
I assume we'll see Gaius Marius soon
Gaius Mario and Luigi Cornelius Sulla.
That's what I'm hoping for.
Best comment.
Ive been waiting for him.
Is this series going to continue to the end of Republic? Because that would be amazing.
Gaius seems to take the old bible of expression of: "Am i my brother's keeper?"
And say: "You goddamn right I am!"
Man.
These series just get better and better.
For those wondering, land reform was achieved in the republic. A general named Julius Caesar brought all of Gaul, what the Romans called Galla Magna or greater Gaul into the Roman republic. Caesar slaughtered so many Gallic males in his conquest and confiscated all the land of tribes that fought against Rome, which in the revolt of Versongetorix was basically all of them, he gave all the extra land to his soldiers. Thus began the colonia system, whereby Romans would settle on land taken from conquered people. This system would continue until the late Roman Empire, where Romans would give their lands to Germanic tenants, but Rome never suffered a land shortage again after Caesar.
This is such a beautiful show. They've successfully addressed the problem that comes with teaching this kinds of things in a classroom environment or any other for that matter, which is to retain the attention of it's audience. Well done.
This is great! It's like a mini, animated version of Hardcore History!
Thanks so much for doing this. Ancient Roman history is so interesting to learn about.
This series is absolutely fascinating. Keep up the great work!
A roman politician about the Gracchus Brothers : "perhabs the Second Amendment people can fix that"
pieces of furniture tho, yes.
(specifically bearing them down onto a magistrate's head)
No Roman citizen actually needs a gladius for personal defense, just call the lictor's guild, or use your scutum to defend yourself. What? If push comes to shove, are you and your barbarian slaves going to defeat 10 legions by yourselves. You're just compensating for your short stature and plebian birth.
+GreyWolfLeaderTW I take it you didn't get the joke...
The feeling you can't read the comments due to spoilers about ancient Rome...
"Yea im going on holidays"
"Hey you'v just been re-instated for a second term as tribune"
"Wut"
Wow. He seems like a great guy
This series becomes greater every day.
Those who forget the past are doomed to repeat it. Feels like we're repeating a lot these days.
"I accidentally Rome..." - Gaius Gracchi
Still wondering when will Walpole show up.
Did somebody summon me?
Robert Walpole 😄😂😄😂😉
@@robertwalpole360 oh great...
@@robertwalpole360 oh god...
My money's on it ending no differently.
Gaius also dies via riot (or at his own hands during one), but the Republic would see future politicians using populism to win elections, rather than just catering to the Senate.
(SPOILERS)
ur right
(SPOILERS)
it was Walpole
You can't really spoil what has already happened, right?...
i know, just some people might get pissed
+Extra Credits
I love the Extra History segment and I have to say that you people at EC are excellent story tellers.
Thank you for making history not only interesting (it is that with or without you) but also easily digestible and remember able.
These Extra History shows you are doing are so cool. Keep it up!
Thanks to this series (and a couple of other TH-cam channels) I've actually been inspired to do my own further reading on history. If it's not too much trouble could you list some of the texts you read on this and future topics? I'm still really new to reading this sutff and am kind of lost as to where I should even begin.
The next Gracchi video comes out in March?! How unfortunate!
Thanks for these videos; I use them in my high school Latin class. I wish this one would continue sooner, but I am grateful for them nonetheless.
Update: They responded that March was an error. The next one comes out Sep. 3!
I LOVE this channel! Please keep up the great work, you guys are doing such a good job at making these shows so entertaining, and interesting!
2:53 has to be one of the series best images lol.
Often it is not the reformers who doom their country but those who stand against them, that is what I am taking away from this. The escalation of all this began when the senators blocked Tiberius reforms out of greed. They opened the door and pushed him and his brother through it. It is incredibly prescient the way the narrator draws parallels between this and the state of the USA in late 2016.
sounds to me like the reformer can improve on their communication too i think that would help us today, if we talked better
I doubt better communication would placate the people. Especially since their apparent justifications are so backward and disconnected from actual opinion.
Hmm. I hope this leads to Gaius Marius and Sulla, to Cicero and the doom of the Roman Republic. Would be great as a precursor to your planned look into Julius Caesar's Gallic campaigns.
The Lex Acilia (the law Gaius passed hand power over the law courts to the Equestrian class) goes into amazing detail to specifically ban Senators from ever presiding over it - banning anyone who has held any office or is or ever has been a Senator, or anyone who is the son of a Senator. Basically no Senators ever lol. Interestingly it also includes the Double Jeopardy rule, which is pretty cool.
Most exelent as allways guys.
A true pleasure watching your content, and again, i must applaud you for taking the leap, daring to venture outside of gamedev related content.
Stay awesome!
I'm so impatient for more!
Best series you've ever made!! I'm trying hard not to read up on the brothers Gracchi so I don't ruin the end for myself, your story telling is that good.
Thanks again for this video!
This has been great guys, keep it up! :)
its incredible to see how much the memory of a martyr can be powerful
New video! Time to drop everything I'm doing for 7 1/2 minutes and watch this!
"Specter we'll see later"
Aha! The Social War! Yes! I want to see you cover The Social War!
This is an amazing story. Thanks guys!
I was waiting for this. Thank You. Well worth the wait. Of course that means I'm now waiting for the next.
My wife just informed me that there was an oversight in this video... I was not aware, and I assume since it was not in this video that the people at Extra Credit are not aware either... but the Brother Gracchi have one other historic first to their credit... they are the inventors of... The Chicken Dance. Yes, you heard me right... The Chicken Dance. So now you know.
You guys are getting better by every video ... Love your videos man...
Thanks for this amazing show!
This is very interesting learning about the Roman Republic. I had not heard of these Brothers.
Oh awesome, I was saving these to watch together when they were all done, and was a little disappointed to see the Hiawatha one (don't worry it was great) as I thought this was then only gonna be 3 parts. Glad to see more!
0:04 sure doesn't stop google and wikipedia from listing him as "Assassinated" lol
Imagine having your own hype musician
“You’ve done well... Brother.”
Always worth the wait.
I friggin love this channel
Gaius, the true bro.
Is it just me or is the storytelling of the art getting a lot better?
Tiberius was known to me, but Gaius is new to me. :D
I'm excited
having no prior knowledge of these people makes this into the most fascinating drama series
There are SO many parallels between the Gracchi and the Kennedy family it's just damned spooky
6:57 For some reason, I think it's gonna be the second option.
I like how back then in the right position with the right person you can change all these laws
That's how all empires fall one person breaks tradition and then the cookie crumbles and everyone around them watches
Well, the full move to a professional standing army was brought about after Gaius Marius, since he reformed the military process into allowing none-landed citizens and undesirables into being able to serve.
dude you deserve 2,000,000 subs just for your history side
"laying the groundwork for the from Rome's dependence on its citizen solider to its full paid professional military that doomed the republic" can anyone explain this line?
He basically invented the idea of the army being a job, rather than volunteer work. That structure of large expensive armies has fucked up the world for over 2 millennia since...
Because professional armies were more likely to be loyal to the man commanding them rather then the state iitself. End result you had generals with both the power and the ability to gain the popularity to overthrow the republic by force. Which was what wound up happening with Ceaser.
Basically professional armies, made up of soldiers whose job it was to be a soldier, instead of citizens called to serve in campaigns. These increasingly became non-citizens enlisting with the legion for a period of years to earn citizenship. Eventually, this army would be used against the Republic to bring about the rule of emperors due to them being more loyal to their commander than to the Republic.
To be fair, there were mercenaries prior to the Roman Army becoming professional, so paid work killing people isn't new.
But up until then, most states hired professional soldiers during times of war, and then fired them/let them go when peace came, in order to save money.
Only a few exceptions (like the Barca family in the Punic Wars) would take on mercenaries as long term family retainers, loyal to the "dynasty".
What was new was that Gaius fulfilled the prerequisites for the Roman state to establish a 'Standing Army' of professional soldiers; theoretically loyal to the state, rather than to individuals, dynasties, or coin.
This would allow the Roman state (as a republic or an empire) to transform the Roman Legions from merely a tool for self defence to a hammer of diplomatic intimidation and world conquest.
Unforunately, the Roman requirement that public officials have military service experience would combine with professional standing armies to create a really bad mix.
This new idea would lead to the very bad possibility of charismatic generals (like Julius Caesar) using their sway in the state and the army to empower themselves and disenfranchise their opponents, leading to civil war and the Republic ultimately becoming an empire.
It introduced the military as a separate power block, one which could get its way by either murdering its opponents or by withholding protection and thus needed to be placated. The decline of the republic is largely tied to a number of successful generals (like Sulla, Pompi and Ceaser) who could use this power to get their way and when Marc Antony and Octavian end the republic for good it is largely enabled because they have the support of the army.
Of course though they blame Gaius here the professionalization of the Military was made inevitable by the size and scope of the empire and the failure to spread the conquered lands to the citizen soldiers
Retro-active bills are usually introduced in order to change a law so that sitting governments don't get in trouble for questionable stuff they've already done. Essentially, they time travel to cover their butts ;) Gaius is the first I've heard of that used this trick to rid himself of a rival, though.
I know this series is about the sons but the role Cornelia played in Roman society and politics was incredible considering how restricted women's lives were by modern standards. After her husband died Cornelia Gracchus had dedicated herself to looking after her 12 children (only three of whom survived childhood: Tiberius, Gaius and a daughter Sempronia who was married to the Publis Cornelius Scipio Aeilianus from the first episode) she was considered to have raised them so well that her children's virtue was considered to come from the upbringing and education rather than just their birth. She actively played a role in her sons' lives, writing to Gaius requesting that he not go for Tribunate out of respect her or at least wait until after she was dead so he couldn't cause her more grief, he didn't listen to her but he did repeal a law disgracing Marcus Octavius (the tribune Tiberius deposed) on her request. Scholars and Kings conversed with her, Ptolemy even proposed to her but she turned him down, she would talk of her father and sons so stoically some thought her unfeeling but generally she was so admired she ended up being seen as the ideal Roman woman.
Your description of Gaius Gracchus made me think of The Earl of Lemongrab.
You are such a good storyteller.
Hello, my name is Tiberius Gracchi from Rome, moreover from the tribunes and- Oh my! Is that a mob? Well, that certainly is poppycock.
I always love watching this videos
you guys are awesome, you should make a series about Napoleon, napoleonic wars
Wait, "encouraging the Italians to revolt?" Weren't the romans proto-italians?
They are referring to the other Italian peoples who allied with Rome but were not citizens themselves.
Justin Yang Ah, ok so you mean like the tuscans and lombards.
Kinda it was peoples from the non-Latin areas of Italy but they were not the Lombards.
The Lombards were Germanic Tribes who moved in after the fall of Rome.
Brad Smalls Oh yeah, I forgot about that.
Rome was just another city-state in Italy, like Sparta or Athens would be in Greece. It was strong enough to force the others to pay taxes to it and ally it, but most Italians didn't see themselves as Romans and certainly weren't treated as such by Rome itself. Part of what pissed the Romans off during the Punic wars was that Hannibal was doing so well in Italy that the city-states started doubting Roman power and defecting to him.
tiberius: *gets killed by a bad game of charades*
Gaius: *doom BGM starts playing*
I wish these were a little bit longer.
A certain TH-camr did a lets play of a TW: Medieval 2 mod called Europa Barbarorum II
In this he nicknamed his leader of Greece, Donaldos Trumpocles. I can't help but think that he looked like Gaius.
If I remember correctly, his agrarian reforms combined with Gaius Marius's military reforms in time cause the imperial soldiers to become loyal not to Rome or the Senate, but to their commanders. Which turns the republic turned empire into an sort-off oligarchy. D:
Also, can't wait for the music to be released. The little snippet at the end makes me salivate for the full version. :)
its actually nice that he did´t try to go for a second run, because that in a was respects the domocratic tradition
I dont know why, but I imagine the Grachi brothers having south Bostonian Accents, with Tiberius behaving like John F. Kennedy or Bobby Kennedy, while Gaius behaving like Scout from Team Fortress 2.
I'm getting a kick out of Gaius' hair looking like a pompadour. It fits his kinda punkish/not entirely on the up-and-up 1960's politician vibe.
"next time"
Stop killing some of them Walpole
You guys are awesome!
The music theme for this episodes remind me of the score from the last of us... Feeling the feels!
Gaius "Make Rome Great Again" Gracchus.
Imagine what both of these brothers wouldve accomplished together.
"I never asked for this" -Gaius, probably
Magnifico!!! Benissimo!!!
That guys haircut was pretty dope
God damn these are good.
I laught way too hard with Gaius servant playing a note!
great vid, keep it up guys, love it.
Both the Lorica Segmentata and Imperial Gallic Helmet hadn't been introduced yet.
So many lessons to be learned, and yet so few will learn them. One of the most important powers that upholds every civilization is the power of tradition. If that power is broken, the rule of law goes with it and civil order will soon follow. Those who attack tradition are almost always cutting off the very branch that they sit on. As GK Chesterton once said, never take down a fence until you know why it was put up.
again great video ! keep it up.
If you set the playback speed on an Extra History video to 0.5 then it becomes Drunk History.
Justo so good
It must have been such a weird job to be the "Gaius, calm down!" slave.