These circuits usually won't work, except you are living next to a radio station and you are using a very long (4-5m) antenna. For the RF amplification you will need an RF transistor, which can handle those high frequencies. When you use a LM386 as an audio amp, make sure you use this 10µF capacitor between Pin 1 and 8 AND at least a 10µF cap directly at pin 6 and 4 and also an 10µF cap at pin 7. The LM386 can't handle this high amplification without a buffer and will otherwise produce loud squeaking noises. The other thing is: FM signals are not easy to demodulate. With discrete components this would be very hard...in these days you'll need a PLL FM-decoder IC or something like that. For testing purposes you can use something that is called (i don't know the english translation!) "edge discriminator". This is done, just by adjusting the variable capacitor next to the exact wanted frequency, as you are doing. But this sounds awful and if you turn the cap 1 tenth of a mm to far, you will hear nothing. You also need to keep the wire lengths as short as possible....you can't do it on a breadboard. The wires of your coil are too long. If you would solder it together directly, you would get much better results. Try to use silver wire, instead of copper wire for the coil! But even though: the results will be "experimental" and not satisfying...
Because all those click bait thots and or dumb channels with mediocre content hahaha “we are going to do a little bit of math “ I’m like wtf hahaha good stuff though I work on bikes so wiring is fun wanted to learn more about stuff like this so started watching this channel it’s great! Keep up the great vids
I hate slow videos. This is awesome speed. You can scan the content very fast thanks to it and then stop when neccessary when trying to do the same project by yourself.
Thanks so much for this video ! I graduated with a degree in Physics and had to take a course in Analogue Circuits. Didn't do to well, but I'm hoping to start projects on my own.
Just came across this channel I've watched several of your vids so far I'd have to say it some the better stuff I've seen on TH-cam. Keep it up mate you have some good stuff on here!
Great video! I would recommend that you stay away from electrolytic capacitors for ac decoupling of your power rails. They're polarized and the noise can occur in both directions. I'm not really familiar with this particular circuit, I would probably shoot for a .1uF ceramic cap instead of that 470uF electrolytic one, though.
A common technique is to also put decoupling capacitors directly across the power inputs of your components like your op-amp. This can be more effective than just decoupling the power rails, because your breadboard itself could be responsible for some of the noise.
Suggestion: To access those tiny trimmers, you can make your own trimmer driver from a small plastic paint brush handle. Just file the tip of the handle down to the shape and size that fits the trimmer cap, and now you have the correct driver with the added bonus of it not damaging trimmers like metal drivers can.
thank you for helping me understand [rf], by seeing it and hearing what you said it finnaly sank in, sometimes it just takes the right teacher for me to understand something.
If you do go to 6 Volts, you will have to put a variable resistor for the 22k one, I would go with 100k and start at high resistance adjusting down until you hear some noise or signal meaning you have regeneration. you could then measure the resistance you find best and put in a fixed resistor if you want to.
This is legit my favorite channel... I am always looking forward to new content being put up :D I'm an upcoming engineer/inventor and I love to build random stuff so naturally I'm going to love watching this stuff lol... A couple things I would really love to see in later videos are something solar powered (solar fire starter, solar taser, etc...) and I would really like to see some kind of give away cuz I would totally want a souvenir!!! Also I was curious where are you from/living?
Wow this is amazing especially on a breadboard. The audio amplifier part I’m good with. Could somebody please explain the principle behind the left part of the circuit? How is frequency converted into amplitude for the op amp to further amplify?
@J W I actually found out - this not a high quality FM circuit, but basically the way it works is that there is a principle called Injection Locking that says that a small signal will "lock" on to a Collpits oscillator and change its intrinsic frequency which is normally determined solely by the LC tank. So the antenna keeps changing slightly the intrinsic frequency of the LC tank. In turn the amplitude across the tank varies. The load resistor is voltage divided with the tank, so the voltage across it changes. Filtering the carrier is not necessary because the transistor amplitude stabilizes to audio frequency (you can see this last bit only through advanced math, it's not intuitive and usually doesn't happen; usually if you want an envelope you need something like a diode envelope detector). ( ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6774035 ) For it's simplicity this the HARDEST by far FM circuit to understand & the least intuitive. It's performance is also inferior to the usual ones.
@J W Thanks JW - same to you. The subject is pretty hard, but i'd recommend "Principles of Electronic Communication Systems" by Louis Frenzl. Unfortunately it's super expensive, but the 3rd edition (one before last) can be found used on Amazon for a reasonable price.
LM386 is not an OP Amp.. it's an actual linear audio amplifier and are commonly found in non stereo devices like a fax modem to drive the internal speaker or some toys that make sounds. Some PC speakers used them early on (one for left speaker and one for the right speaker) but now they use ond of the TDA IC varients for stereo sound amplification. Most of those cheap varible caps use plastic sheets to change the capacitance. same for modern dual gang tuning caps. The one you are using is a trimmer.and is VERY touchy, For the best band coverage you should use an actual tuning cap. That big .22uF cap is an AC line cap, it's overkill for this application but it will work lol
excelente amigo eres un genio yo he armado tu circuito del transmisor de radio fm y funciona perfectamente y tiene un muy buen alcance y a hora voy armar el de tu circuito de radio para ver que tal funciona los transistores 2n3904 no los consigo aquí donde vivo pero voy a probar con los c945 y el chip lm386 tampoco lo puedo conseguir pero voy a reemplazarlo por un tda2822 que es un chip estéreo pero lo coloco a funcionar en puente como dice la hoja de datos para que quede mono y suene mas fuerte con los 3.5 voltio saludos desde Venezuela amigo son muy buenos tus vídeos sigue así
@@guillermoviramontes851 sin funciono pero después de derramar varias lagrima porque el circuito es muy sensible a la capacidades parásitas y toca jugar un montan con la bobina hasta encontrar el punto donde funciona mejor
I've got an old wooden table radio from the 50s. I'd like to put an F.M radio inside the case without modifying it too much. It's got a 6" speaker and I'd like to add an amp and an A/C adapter. I've been having a hard time finding the module kits I've seen on you tube. I'm also reluctant to order parts since I don't know how many ohms the speaker should be. I'm not a tech-head, but I can follow a schematic, any ideas on where I can go for assistance on getting parts? I live in the U.S. so the British modules I've seen aren't easily accessible. Thanks.
Hi Transistor BF494 is not available in my country and your circuit with transistor 2N3904 I close it on the board, but it only makes noise, even I put the FM transmitter next to it near the circuit, it has no effect and instead only the IC gets very hot What is wrong? With transistor bf 199, the circuit has only distraction (noise) and does not take a station Thank you for answer me😞🌍
I haveresently become interested about bluetooth connections I wish to make a big box speaker and makeing it connect through bluetooth but I am not aware of its limitations range, quality, speed of transfer and if I could even get it to connect. so got any ideas
Must be honest. You didn’t write dots to separate wires connected, and the wires that don’t connect. makes the whole diagram false, hard to read, and complicated to create. Considering this is science we know how bad a small thing can make a circuit. ASIDE FROM THAT IT WAS A GREAT VIDEO THUMBS UP STILL.
If I wanted to start learning about all of this type of electronics ( because I know absolutely nothing ), where would be a first place to start? I find this topic interesting and I’d love to learn more but I just don’t understand much of it, but I want to
Great info but please insert a few commas and full stops, periods in your delivery as everything just rolls into a complete mush, many thanks for info.
Your two transistors in the receiver form a circuit like a tunnel diode (at much less cost) the bias is critical, a pot would be good to adjust your 22K bias resistor to form a regenerative receiver.
@@levirizkisaputra3729 A tunnel diode is a special type diode that has negative resistance at a certain level of bias Voltage, meaning it can amplify and cause oscillation even at very high frequencies.
In this radio the two transistors will fight each other to allow current flow, so one of them will conduct then the other transistor will conduct so that there will be oscillation and gain. I would use a 50K or 25K variable pot. (resistor) to set the bias point.
@@levirizkisaputra3729 The sound is demodulated in what is called a slope tuner, not a true FM demodulator. To hear the sound you tune close to the station (not on the peak) then as the FM signal changes frequency with the modulation, audio sound can be heard. But it is really AM reception with some static, not true FM.
That’s cool! I’m in eighth grade and actually kind of understood some of this stuff. I am looking to become successful me sort of an engineer when I’m older. Are there any courses or kits that you recommend to learn something like this
I'm still surprised that the receiver is still doing so well! because breadboard is not really suitable for radios and transmitters. yes it can work (proves it now!) but watch out for that next time... healthy and kind regards from the Netherlands! Rob
Hey there! I want to make it get my local radio station so do you know a simple FM signal amplifier ಠ_ಠ. I know I can use a module like the tea5767 but I want to make it without a microcontroller or something else :-D. Thanks!
Why does this circuit work? The LC part of the circuit is not modulating the signal, because the frequency of FM radio is changing. I believe it's only modulating the "centre" of the spectrum, so the sound is incomplete.
Plz use crystal instead lc tank for simple fix frequency fm and am receiver . Or using fix Freq 555 ossilator as transmitter ! I want to make pet Coller tracker .
Colleges and obvious choices Congratulations to you! Collegiate and Professional Fraternity choices! For future Ham radio members this video will inspire. oh yeah the laser razor request. I think it may be an impossible request at this time, so probably too early to say or ask just yet. The salt lake city downtown masonic lodge has tours! "The mission of Freemasonry in Utah is to teach and perpetuate a way of life that promotes brotherhood, self-improvement through education, high moral standards, charitable action, and community involvement."
Hey, cool video :D Just one thing: when filming the vlog type intros, you might want to wait a second before you stop the camera after saying a line xD
These circuits usually won't work, except you are living next to a radio station and you are using a very long (4-5m) antenna.
For the RF amplification you will need an RF transistor, which can handle those high frequencies.
When you use a LM386 as an audio amp, make sure you use this 10µF capacitor between Pin 1 and 8 AND at least a 10µF cap directly at pin 6 and 4 and also an 10µF cap at pin 7. The LM386 can't handle this high amplification without a buffer and will otherwise produce loud squeaking noises.
The other thing is: FM signals are not easy to demodulate. With discrete components this would be very hard...in these days you'll need a PLL FM-decoder IC or something like that.
For testing purposes you can use something that is called (i don't know the english translation!) "edge discriminator". This is done, just by adjusting the variable capacitor next to the exact wanted frequency, as you are doing. But this sounds awful and if you turn the cap 1 tenth of a mm to far, you will hear nothing.
You also need to keep the wire lengths as short as possible....you can't do it on a breadboard. The wires of your coil are too long.
If you would solder it together directly, you would get much better results. Try to use silver wire, instead of copper wire for the coil!
But even though: the results will be "experimental" and not satisfying...
You're one of the best science diy channels on TH-cam..why aren't you more famous??
Shreyas Jani y science without rockets, explosions and metal working is not the best deal on TH-cam.
he can build nuclear rocket
@@dalmatiko sure man. When?
Because all those click bait thots and or dumb channels with mediocre content hahaha “we are going to do a little bit of math “ I’m like wtf hahaha good stuff though I work on bikes so wiring is fun wanted to learn more about stuff like this so started watching this channel it’s great! Keep up the great vids
99Mhz ±10 is almost the entire FM range! I giggled.
102.10
I had the same thought, but still impressive that he arrived at that estimation. :D
hehehehe..........
105,6 😊
@@krek420I listen to 102.1 every morning
Your explanation is awesome, but you do it so fast. Maybe slow down a little bit. Great job.
TH-cam videos have a speed setting.
Too hyper for me, a little more calmer amd this would be perfect.
I hate slow videos. This is awesome speed. You can scan the content very fast thanks to it and then stop when neccessary when trying to do the same project by yourself.
@@kolelokaram8541 He sounds retarded when slowed down lol
I gave you a thumbs up, but, I can't comprehend what you are saying because you are talking so very fast. Great concept. I like it. Thank you.
I know nothing about electricity, I enjoyed this video. subscribing!!
oops I was already subscribed
Thanks so much for this video ! I graduated with a degree in Physics and had to take a course in Analogue Circuits. Didn't do to well, but I'm hoping to start projects on my own.
your my favorite person i dont know personally
awe thanks :)
And thats how we slap stuff together. Awesome Video!!!
Just came across this channel I've watched several of your vids so far I'd have to say it some the better stuff I've seen on TH-cam. Keep it up mate you have some good stuff on here!
Yup. definitely one of my top two channels. Videos are very good and informative.
I love this video. It explained this in detail so I can finally progress with my self learning. Thank you!
Great video! I would recommend that you stay away from electrolytic capacitors for ac decoupling of your power rails. They're polarized and the noise can occur in both directions. I'm not really familiar with this particular circuit, I would probably shoot for a .1uF ceramic cap instead of that 470uF electrolytic one, though.
A common technique is to also put decoupling capacitors directly across the power inputs of your components like your op-amp. This can be more effective than just decoupling the power rails, because your breadboard itself could be responsible for some of the noise.
would a 4.7uf one work also 50 volt ??
Will it work with a 2N2222A transistor instead? it has the same pinout and a similar name so I assume they are related in some way. SOME ONE RESPOND
Some People Say it works with 2n2222 and some say it doesnt, i just would recommend you to try and u will see
@@kubakrawczuk7450 Idk it might blow 😲Might be worth it though I have hundreds of 2n222a transistors.
@@kubakrawczuk7450 ehhh... also I don't have a lot of components for this project so I won't do it.
Compare the data sheets of the 2n3902 & the 2n2222a. You might have better gain (he) with the 2n2222a.
Now just one more thing, do you think I could use a 10pF variable cap instead of a 22pF?@@arthurwellsjr.4082
have you got a schematic? please send the picture thanks. :D
Suggestion: To access those tiny trimmers, you can make your own trimmer driver from a small plastic paint brush handle. Just file the tip of the handle down to the shape and size that fits the trimmer cap, and now you have the correct driver with the added bonus of it not damaging trimmers like metal drivers can.
+N1RKW that's a great idea! I will do that! Thank you so much!
Glad to help! It's a technique I've been using for years, and it's worked well for me.
Can't wait to try this thank you for providing a product list for beginners!
Hey will you please help where I learn electronics like you and which is the best book for learning
Get your hands on an Arduino kit or something similar. Learning code alongside with modules is probably one of the best ways to learn in my opinion.
thank you for helping me understand [rf], by seeing it and hearing what you said it finnaly sank in, sometimes it just takes the right teacher for me to understand something.
Can I apply 9 volt instead of 3.5?
Or 3 volts instead of 3.5?
Always a good day when I get to brake out the 2N3904's!
i will be very happy to see you as my teacher
Whats the sensativity of the antenna ? Can you get in weak stations, low powered FM ones also ??
excellent job pacing yourself!
Sir, can I use mps3904 instead of 2n3904
Hi... i wanna ask it is possible if i change the value of input voltage, from 3.5V to 6V and what is the effect ?
If you do go to 6 Volts, you will have to put a variable resistor for the 22k one, I would go with 100k and start at high resistance adjusting down until you hear some noise or signal meaning you have regeneration. you could then measure the resistance you find best and put in a fixed resistor if you want to.
subbed due to a shout out from backyard scientist. loving what I see so far.
+Dash Cam Trucker thank you! :D
Wow your writing is such wonderful
What's the difference between variable trimmer capacitor and potentiometer.?
Can I use one of them instead of another. If not can you explain.?
Do you have a printable version of the schematic you used?
Your video is awesome. Congratulations for your work
im just curious... you have the ground rail going to the neg voltage rail... why?
They are the same when using a single voltage supply. The supply - negative is the same as ground.
This is legit my favorite channel... I am always looking forward to new content being put up :D I'm an upcoming engineer/inventor and I love to build random stuff so naturally I'm going to love watching this stuff lol... A couple things I would really love to see in later videos are something solar powered (solar fire starter, solar taser, etc...) and I would really like to see some kind of give away cuz I would totally want a souvenir!!! Also I was curious where are you from/living?
Wow this is amazing especially on a breadboard. The audio amplifier part I’m good with. Could somebody please explain the principle behind the left part of the circuit? How is frequency converted into amplitude for the op amp to further amplify?
@J W I actually found out - this not a high quality FM circuit, but basically the way it works is that there is a principle called Injection Locking that says that a small signal will "lock" on to a Collpits oscillator and change its intrinsic frequency which is normally determined solely by the LC tank. So the antenna keeps changing slightly the intrinsic frequency of the LC tank. In turn the amplitude across the tank varies. The load resistor is voltage divided with the tank, so the voltage across it changes. Filtering the carrier is not necessary because the transistor amplitude stabilizes to audio frequency (you can see this last bit only through advanced math, it's not intuitive and usually doesn't happen; usually if you want an envelope you need something like a diode envelope detector).
( ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6774035 )
For it's simplicity this the HARDEST by far FM circuit to understand & the least intuitive. It's performance is also inferior to the usual ones.
@J W Thanks JW - same to you. The subject is pretty hard, but i'd recommend "Principles of Electronic Communication Systems" by Louis Frenzl. Unfortunately it's super expensive, but the 3rd edition (one before last) can be found used on Amazon for a reasonable price.
Which Fountain pen you using?
Do you think I could use a 10pF variable capacitor instead of a 22pF?
LM386 is not an OP Amp.. it's an actual linear audio amplifier and are commonly found in non stereo devices like a fax modem to drive the internal speaker or some toys that make sounds. Some PC speakers used them early on (one for left speaker and one for the right speaker) but now they use ond of the TDA IC varients for stereo sound amplification.
Most of those cheap varible caps use plastic sheets to change the capacitance. same for modern dual gang tuning caps. The one you are using is a trimmer.and is VERY touchy, For the best band coverage you should use an actual tuning cap.
That big .22uF cap is an AC line cap, it's overkill for this application but it will work lol
excelente amigo eres un genio yo he armado tu circuito del transmisor de radio fm y funciona perfectamente y tiene un muy buen alcance y a hora voy armar el de tu circuito de radio para ver que tal funciona los transistores 2n3904 no los consigo aquí donde vivo pero voy a probar con los c945 y el chip lm386 tampoco lo puedo conseguir pero voy a reemplazarlo por un tda2822 que es un chip estéreo pero lo coloco a funcionar en puente como dice la hoja de datos para que quede mono y suene mas fuerte con los 3.5 voltio saludos desde Venezuela amigo son muy buenos tus vídeos sigue así
Te funciono?
@@guillermoviramontes851 sin funciono pero después de derramar varias lagrima porque el circuito es muy sensible a la capacidades parásitas y toca jugar un montan con la bobina hasta encontrar el punto donde funciona mejor
That was amazing, I'm going to watch it again right now.
I've got an old wooden table radio from the 50s. I'd like to put an F.M radio inside the case without modifying it too much. It's got a 6" speaker and I'd like to add an amp and an A/C adapter. I've been having a hard time finding the module kits I've seen on you tube. I'm also reluctant to order parts since I don't know how many ohms the speaker should be. I'm not a tech-head, but I can follow a schematic, any ideas on where I can go for assistance on getting parts? I live in the U.S. so the British modules I've seen aren't easily accessible. Thanks.
Mouser & Newark are also good electronic parts distributors.
Can I use a potentiometer and campacitor to make a variable campacitor?
Good video - I have an FM video like yours on You Tube, using the same circuits. You did a great job in explaining how to make it.
could you link me? i am struggling to get mine to work
This guys underrated
hi can i use mini 0.1microfarad ceremic capacitor.plzz reply. thank you
Hi
Transistor BF494 is not available in my country and your circuit with transistor 2N3904
I close it on the board, but it only makes noise, even I put the FM transmitter next to it near the circuit, it has no effect and instead only the IC gets very hot
What is wrong?
With transistor bf 199, the circuit has only distraction (noise) and does not take a station
Thank you for answer me😞🌍
I haveresently become interested about bluetooth connections I wish to make a big box speaker and makeing it connect through bluetooth but I am not aware of its limitations range, quality, speed of transfer and if I could even get it to connect. so got any ideas
Must be honest. You didn’t write dots to separate wires connected, and the wires that don’t connect. makes the whole diagram false, hard to read, and complicated to create. Considering this is science we know how bad a small thing can make a circuit. ASIDE FROM THAT IT WAS A GREAT VIDEO THUMBS UP STILL.
What’s the name of the wire
Wire
what kind of speaker are you using impedance or something
If I wanted to start learning about all of this type of electronics ( because I know absolutely nothing ), where would be a first place to start? I find this topic interesting and I’d love to learn more but I just don’t understand much of it, but I want to
how strong of a vacuum did the refrigerator compressor pull
Do I have to use LM386?
How do you increase the sensitivity of the tuning circuit?..like by changing the variable resistor to the one that was wide range
How much long the diameter of the coil?
Could you explain the positive feedback inputted into the tank circuit? My concept on that is very shakey...
Are the transistors operating as a double tuned amplifier (bypassing a narrow bandwidth)?
Great info but please insert a few commas and full stops, periods in your delivery as everything just rolls into a complete mush, many thanks for info.
Your two transistors in the receiver form a circuit like a tunnel diode (at much less cost) the bias is critical, a pot would be good to adjust your 22K bias resistor to form a regenerative receiver.
What is the purpose of tunel diode?
@@levirizkisaputra3729 A tunnel diode is a special type diode that has negative resistance at a certain level of bias Voltage, meaning it can amplify and cause oscillation even at very high frequencies.
In this radio the two transistors will fight each other to allow current flow, so one of them will conduct then the other transistor will conduct so that there will be oscillation and gain. I would use a 50K or 25K variable pot. (resistor) to set the bias point.
@@mrdovie47 I have question sir, where is demodulation happen? May guest is capacitor and resistor before LM386 IC
@@levirizkisaputra3729 The sound is demodulated in what is called a slope tuner, not a true FM demodulator. To hear the sound you tune close to the station (not on the peak) then as the FM signal changes frequency with the modulation, audio sound can be heard. But it is really AM reception with some static, not true FM.
How much tall of the antenna?
my youtube bell is only for best youtubers like you
CoAcOn1
What is the alternative to the lm 386
How do you solve the hand capacitance issue with the antenna?
Is that a Jinhao x450 or x750 fountain pen?
+Waffles Inc nah, I can't recall what it is, but it is from around 2001 I think
Keystone Science Cool
what is the value of the potentiometer?
Can I use 2n2222a transistor?
That’s cool! I’m in eighth grade and actually kind of understood some of this stuff. I am looking to become successful me sort of an engineer when I’m older. Are there any courses or kits that you recommend to learn something like this
Do you have fm transmitter circuit and guide?
Where do you get your components?
+lanceipod7 I used to despised them out of old electronics I would find, but now I just buy the cheapest things on eBay
I'm still surprised that the receiver is still doing so well!
because breadboard is not really suitable for radios and transmitters.
yes it can work (proves it now!) but watch out for that next time...
healthy and kind regards from the Netherlands!
Rob
hey please tell me more about the capacitors used
Hi brother i make your theremin very good thank you im fron Brasil👍👏👏👏
Hey there! I want to make it get my local radio station so do you know a simple FM signal amplifier ಠ_ಠ. I know I can use a module like the tea5767 but I want to make it without a microcontroller or something else :-D. Thanks!
Kudos to the pen!
do u have process of this?
: let's make a radio receiver.
~after an hour~
: i can't find the screw driver to tune into radio stations ! 😂
love how the numbers in your email are the Fibonacci sequence 😂
+raz Y thanks xD
Time to make your channel official!
+Lucas how?
Keystone Science ask your network to verify you
+Turky oh, I don't have a network... or at least I don't think I do
networks take alot of your add revenue, you would know. nice vid.
"Once your channel gets 100,000 subscribers, you’re eligible to submit a request to TH-cam for a verification badge." I just figured it was a button.
Goes through it very quick . Good though
Excellent! Can you add AM/SW to this set?
What do three stripes on the schematic symbol?
+Grzegorz Cichosz that represents ground, or practically just the negative connection of the battery
Ok, thanks
Hey! Can I use LM324 instead of LM386???
Why does this circuit work? The LC part of the circuit is not modulating the signal, because the frequency of FM radio is changing. I believe it's only modulating the "centre" of the spectrum, so the sound is incomplete.
Hey, great video. Thanks for doing these. Very impressive math. :)
I try it but no luck. Maybe because i use bc546 transistors?
I really dig the mini coil
+Tesla Explorer haha thanks :D
Plz use crystal instead lc tank for simple fix frequency fm and am receiver . Or using fix Freq 555 ossilator as transmitter ! I want to make pet Coller tracker .
Where do you buy these components? Can I get these at best buy?
Not very experienced in transistors so how do I know which one I use
This guy is going somewhere in life
How do you tune this
I watched this whole video and have fucking idea what's going on. Maybe i should learn some of this shit.
Same
You should :)
Jimmy Turner blue film
Jimmy Turner blue film
How is working RF section.
Colleges and obvious choices Congratulations to you! Collegiate and Professional Fraternity choices! For future Ham radio members this video will inspire. oh yeah the laser razor request. I think it may be an impossible request at this time, so probably too early to say or ask just yet. The salt lake city downtown masonic lodge has tours! "The mission of Freemasonry in Utah is to teach and perpetuate a way of life that promotes brotherhood, self-improvement through education, high moral standards, charitable action, and community involvement."
+Letitbplz are you also from Utah then I assume?
Hey, cool video :D Just one thing: when filming the vlog type intros, you might want to wait a second before you stop the camera after saying a line xD
how many watts and ohms is the speaker sir???
Can i use 2n2222?
Make Some more videos about flybacks transformers, I love The range
Ops I mean I love flybacks transformer videos
For me, This is an interesting fact: 5:58
Wow! What? In all seriousness when buying all the individual parts needed for this, does it equate to the cost of buying a small radio?
It's more expensive, this isn't really to replace a radio, but a fun project to try
can you make a review on the pam8610 amplifier