polymerase chain reaction ( PCR) | What are the 3 main steps in a PCR reaction?

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 1 ก.พ. 2025

ความคิดเห็น • 25

  • @AmitThakur-py4te
    @AmitThakur-py4te ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Hello brother i am your very old follower.
    How to identify resistance gene using pcr after antibiotics resistance profile.
    Gene sequence is like available at ncbi we can design primer from primer blast.

  • @samantadm8269
    @samantadm8269 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you!

    • @animatedbiologywitharpan
      @animatedbiologywitharpan  ปีที่แล้ว

      Could you please help me by sharing my contents with your friends group/ college group. I put huge efforts in making these videos but unfortunately not a lot of people are watching this.

  • @homaehsan2844
    @homaehsan2844 ปีที่แล้ว

    hello, I have a question regarding PCR and non-specific amplification. we see a band in our negative control ( which is water), Do you think we can explain it as a non-specific amplification? we have changed everything and the suspicion for having contamination is low. what do you think?

  • @frederickpollmeier1861
    @frederickpollmeier1861 ปีที่แล้ว

    Good Video

  • @ReanC
    @ReanC ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you

    • @animatedbiologywitharpan
      @animatedbiologywitharpan  ปีที่แล้ว

      Please share my channel link with your friends and help me to reach big audiance

  • @pratitidas
    @pratitidas ปีที่แล้ว +1

    How can i avoid the smearing problem? What is optimum template concentration should use?

    • @animatedbiologywitharpan
      @animatedbiologywitharpan  ปีที่แล้ว

      It's actually not simple. But trouble shooting cab be done by following ways.
      To avoid smearing , consider these steps:
      1. **Optimize Primer Design:** Ensure your primers are specific to the target sequence and have similar melting temperatures.
      2. **Template Quality:** Use high-quality DNA templates free from contaminants or degradation.
      3. **Template Concentration:** Use an appropriate DNA template concentration. Too much template can lead to non-specific amplification.
      4. **PCR Conditions:** Optimize annealing temperature and extension time to prevent non-specific amplification.
      5. **PCR Cycling Parameters:** Follow manufacturer's recommendations for enzyme, buffer, and cycling conditions.
      6. **Hot Start PCR:** Consider using hot-start enzymes or reagents to prevent non-specific binding during the initial setup.
      7. **Gradient PCR:** If unsure about the optimal annealing temperature, perform a gradient PCR to identify the optimal temperature.
      8. **Negative Controls:** Include negative controls (no template, water) to detect contamination or non-specific amplification.
      9. **Template Denaturation:** Ensure proper template denaturation during the initial PCR cycle.
      10. **PCR Cleanup:** Purify PCR products using methods like gel electrophoresis or commercial kits.
      11. **Agarose Gel Analysis:** Analyze the PCR products on agarose gels to confirm the presence of the expected size band and absence of smears.
      12. **Primer Dimers:** Minimize primer dimer formation by designing primers with appropriate melting temperatures.
      13. **Template Source:** If working with complex samples, consider using purified DNA or additional purification steps.
      14. **Troubleshooting:** If smearing persists, troubleshoot by adjusting annealing temperature, extension time, or reagents.
      Remember that optimization may require some trial and error. Regularly validate your protocol to ensure consistent and accurate results.

    • @pratitidas
      @pratitidas ปีที่แล้ว

      Okay got it. thank you

  • @gothamibandara5607
    @gothamibandara5607 ปีที่แล้ว

    thank you very much

    • @animatedbiologywitharpan
      @animatedbiologywitharpan  ปีที่แล้ว

      Could you please help me by sharing my contents with your friends group/ college group. I put huge efforts in making these videos but unfortunately not a lot of people are watching this.

  • @deepikamks
    @deepikamks 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thanks for this vdo

  • @anushabhat4135
    @anushabhat4135 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Too good explanation

  • @jabifatma2844
    @jabifatma2844 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Can u explain how Ori of bacteria can be identified using PCR???

    • @animatedbiologywitharpan
      @animatedbiologywitharpan  4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      You just have to design specific primers against the ori sequence

    • @jabifatma2844
      @jabifatma2844 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@animatedbiologywitharpan Thanku so much...... Any other requirement along with primer?

    • @animatedbiologywitharpan
      @animatedbiologywitharpan  4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@jabifatma2844 ya the buffer and primers has to be there together also optimal reaction temperature and MgCl2

    • @jabifatma2844
      @jabifatma2844 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@animatedbiologywitharpan
      Thanku so much.... videos r helpful....I appreciate 👍

  • @ДмитрийГолубев-ю7у
    @ДмитрийГолубев-ю7у 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    subtitles are automatically generated in Japanese, can you replace them with English?

  • @devjotimondal6410
    @devjotimondal6410 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    You missed magnesium's role