Immunoproteasome and Thymoproteasome | Formation and Structure

Proteasomes are protein complexes which degrade unneeded or damaged proteins by proteolysis, a chemical reaction that breaks peptide bonds. Enzymes that help such reactions are called proteases.
Proteasomes are part of a major mechanism by which cells regulate the concentration of particular proteins and degrade misfolded proteins. Proteins are tagged for degradation with a small protein called ubiquitin. The tagging reaction is catalyzed by enzymes called ubiquitin ligases. Once a protein is tagged with a single ubiquitin molecule, this is a signal to other ligases to attach additional ubiquitin molecules. The result is a polyubiquitin chain that is bound by the proteasome, allowing it to degrade the tagged protein.[1] The degradation process yields peptides of about seven to eight amino acids long, which can then be further degraded into shorter amino acid sequences and used in synthesizing new proteins.[1]
Proteasomes are found inside all eukaryotes and archaea, and in some bacteria. In eukaryotes, proteasomes are located both in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm.

[@mrdoctor1166]

Sir are you Kashmiri

[@hussainbiology]

Yes Sir....

[@biology_mcqs3037]

👏👏👏

[@hussainbiology]

✌️

[@biology_mcqs3037]

@@hussainbiology 🤞

[@michaeleisenberg7867]

Shabir, Very nice! 👏👏👏
I love 💖💙💚💜 your color scheme 🎨 with the catalytic beta subunits.
You do a superb job pulling a lot of information 📚 , compiling it 📑 , and summarizing it 📜!
Evolution 🌎🌏 was on top of its game 🏏 when it came up with the proteasome.
Thank you and stay well.

[@hussainbiology]

Thank you so much Dr Mike.... U know sir , i always thought of making Evolution videos but then i let it go bcz Evolution will always branch out into different ways and i won't be able to do justice ...

[@michaeleisenberg7867]

@@hussainbiology I don't think anyone can do evolution of the cell any good. There's nothing good in Wikipedia about it. We'd need a time machine.

[@hussainbiology]

@@michaeleisenberg7867 Yeah that is true.. But i was talking abt Simple Standard Evolution....

[@michaeleisenberg7867]

​@@hussainbiology I can't even find anything concrete on how evolution of species occurs. It certainly is more than simple point mutations. Somehow large swaths of DNA change to make new proteins , new cellular processes, and new organ systems. What's going on in the nucleus to explain all that?

[@hussainbiology]

@@michaeleisenberg7867 To me a simple answer is the order of GOD what is going on in the nucleus. ( for me GOD is all science , for others it is only religion

[@hussainalbo4905]

I am Hussain

[@hussainbiology]

Hussain too

[@mrdoctor1166]

Sir make some videos on molecular basis of inheritance for neet / class 12th

[@hussainbiology]

okay sir

[@mehwishnawazstudentm.philb1692]

Good explanation Keep it up Sir

[@hussainbiology]

thanks for appreciation

[@shwethakrishna3716]

Superb sir

[@hussainbiology]

Thanks Shwetha for appreciation..