Isometric, Concentric, Eccentric | Types of Muscle Contraction Explained

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 24 ธ.ค. 2024

ความคิดเห็น • 149

  • @sweetlana155
    @sweetlana155 2 ปีที่แล้ว +9

    Very good video, thank you! Also, to demonstrate the isometric contraction, you can hold an empty cup and then pour coffee into it- heavier load, muscle works more, but it's length doesn't change.

  • @jannp6878
    @jannp6878 2 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Happy Birthday to you!. And Today is October 2nd, 2022, my birthday. And yes I have to spend part of the day studying for the Anatomy and Physiology test tomorrow. So Cheers!😁

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Cheers to birthday anatomy studying for sure! Hope the test went well :)

  • @tsehaysaid3336
    @tsehaysaid3336 3 ปีที่แล้ว +12

    Thank you. The daily life examples help me a lot as I am a visual learner . Will look forward to your in-depth video about cellular level of these movements:)

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thanks a lot Tsehay! I'm a visual learner as well, so seeing things in practical settings is really helpful for me too :)

  • @amandafowler8694
    @amandafowler8694 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    omg this was so entertaining to watch while learning the concepts! thank you!!

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  7 หลายเดือนก่อน

      I'm so glad to hear that!! Thank you for swinging by my TH-cam channel :)

  • @Shirdimajid
    @Shirdimajid 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you man this is all going into my assignment

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Haha well I sure hope you get a good grade then! What course is the assignment for?

    • @Shirdimajid
      @Shirdimajid 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@aphysionamedjonah rehabilitation, assignment 2 for late stage ankle rehab i needed the part for eccentric, concentric, isometric.. Thanks i just wrote down what you said for the last part of it..

  • @garrettduff5861
    @garrettduff5861 4 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    Hahaha, Jonah I've been following along with your videos and am loving them so far. Your personality shines through and the addition of "wii music" is a nice touch. Glad to see you're up to something productive with your quarantine. Looking forward to the next one and Happy birthday!

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  4 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thanks a lot Garrett! Glad you picked out that very distinct Wii Sports intro music haha, I'd argue it's one of the best compositions of the 21st century. Really appreciate the birthday wishes and feedback :) it means a lot!

  • @whitedevil8874
    @whitedevil8874 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Best explanation bro💯

  • @Isaiahjcastro
    @Isaiahjcastro 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    badass video. thank you!

  • @yomnakhaled1574
    @yomnakhaled1574 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    thank you , i wish to you good luck to your professional life

  • @Angeliquestrength_fit
    @Angeliquestrength_fit 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Excellent video!!

  • @Eelllaa
    @Eelllaa 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you, beautifuly explained!

  • @inaramenduno6455
    @inaramenduno6455 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you for your thorough explanation!

  • @home8630
    @home8630 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Can you do a video on dysfunction/injury in movement that can cause hypertonicity, spasm and involuntary contractions or when ligaments become hard like bones? Also old spinal injuries that can cause problems as you age, such as damage to the coccyx, fractured verterbrates, just constant overloading of the body due to things beyond someone's control? Also problems caused by dna. Thankyou.

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  ปีที่แล้ว

      Lots of options in there! I'll look at incorporating some of those options into some of my upcoming projects. Thanks for checking out the channel!

  • @nimraaamir3312
    @nimraaamir3312 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Best explanation ever!!!

  • @عشوائياتالطب
    @عشوائياتالطب 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    The best , thanks a lot

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  3 ปีที่แล้ว

      You are most welcome! Glad you enjoyed the video and thank you for checking out my channel :)

  • @kingjunkyview
    @kingjunkyview 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you!

  • @tanaypatel6965
    @tanaypatel6965 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    This video was great can you give more examples of this contractions in you next videos

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  3 ปีที่แล้ว

      I can definitely look to incorporate those in a future video! By this you mean more examples of the different types of contractions?

  • @LilY-xu5tg
    @LilY-xu5tg 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Do you have a video to explain in more details about using which exercise for what stage of rehab? Thanks

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      I don't yet but that could be a good idea for a future video!

  • @myrawilliams3081
    @myrawilliams3081 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you very easy to grasp with your teaching 😊

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  ปีที่แล้ว

      Happy to hear! Glad it could be helpful for you. Thanks for checking out the channel!

  • @sharonwechuli3403
    @sharonwechuli3403 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Happy birthday 🥳

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Why thank you! Good timing as my birthday is coming up here again in one week today :)

  • @byrinwang4492
    @byrinwang4492 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Happy belated bday!

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Why thank you! Getting ready for 27 now in a few months.

  • @davidadeyemo7811
    @davidadeyemo7811 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I'm proud of you, I'm OTD in the making. This helps a lot

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thanks so much David! Glad you found it helpful :)

  • @sameerahmedmughal1534
    @sameerahmedmughal1534 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    This video is amazing , especially the tricep contraction .. loved it

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Thanks for the kind words Sameer! Most triceps contractions don't require the liquid cleanup that one did....but it was a fun one :)

  • @gangojivani8816
    @gangojivani8816 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Can u explain the range of motion

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Hi Gangoji, I can definitely do a video on range of motion at some point, is there anything in particular you were wondering about?

    • @gangojivani8816
      @gangojivani8816 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@aphysionamedjonah
      Thnks sir for responding

  • @neph8784
    @neph8784 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Awesome videos bro. Can def feel the meme vive on it

  • @jennytaylor3962
    @jennytaylor3962 ปีที่แล้ว

    Nice and simple.

  • @katarina_9846
    @katarina_9846 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I am taking a PT exam soon and this helped so much. Thank you!!

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  3 ปีที่แล้ว

      So glad to hear that! You are welcome and good luck on your exam!

  • @sarvshreshthatiwari7680
    @sarvshreshthatiwari7680 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thankyou so much.
    It's a great video.
    Loads of love from INDIA

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thank you for the kind words :) that love is well received here from Canada.
      Glad you enjoyed the video!

  • @arinanicolescu290
    @arinanicolescu290 ปีที่แล้ว

    Best example ever 👍 thx

  • @jeetsunar5402
    @jeetsunar5402 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Your channel is really underrated...
    Continue and I hope you'll get recognized soon😇

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Wow thanks Jeet! I really appreciate that :)
      The fact that I've already been to reach as many people as I have with videos like this one is crazy to me! I'll definitely be continuing this channel since I'm really enjoying the process of putting these videos together, and my goal is to keep making better and better content as I keep learning and growing!

  • @mamierich
    @mamierich 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Best explanation I have heard about this subject - thank you

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Wow I appreciate the compliment! Glad it resonated with you!

  • @patricksullivan3814
    @patricksullivan3814 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Well done bud. I'm an old timer(46) who took way too long to get into shape. I spend lots of time in the gym and hear the words all the time. I just wanted a basic explanation, and you provided bgg it perfectly. PS...I'm a full-blown technology resister and this is my first online comment ever. That should serve as proof as to my satisfaction with your vid

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  4 ปีที่แล้ว

      Wow Patrick, that honestly makes my day to hear that! So glad you enjoyed and it was helpful with clarifying some of that confusing terminology the exercise world can be full of. Keep going strong on that work in the gym!

  • @HienNguyenHMN
    @HienNguyenHMN 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Also a U of T alum and my birthday is on May 11. Nice coincidence!

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Hey hey! Small world.
      We're a small but elite group, haha ;)

  • @eahannan
    @eahannan 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you.

  • @TheVolorand
    @TheVolorand 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Love you sense of humour and our animals

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thanks Vicki! The animals appreciate the recognition too :)

  • @christianc5009
    @christianc5009 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    What about the anti gravity concept. Like pull-ups. Doesn’t concentric contraction involve moving against a force such as resistance or gravity ? And how would it apply to a simple elbow extension and flexion. Thanks

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Good question!
      Concentric contraction definitely involves moving against a force such as resistance or gravity. So, in the case of a pull up, the concentric contraction would be moving against the force of gravity because body weight is the resistance in this case. Muscles like the lats, biceps, and trapezius would be active concentrically during the pull up phase, then concentrically on the way down (picture the bicep flexing on the way up to the bar, concentric, and lengthening on the way down, eccentric).
      Same concept with a regular elbow extension/flexion! As the elbow bends the biceps contract concentrically, and when the elbow straightens the biceps contract eccentrically.
      Hope this is helpful!

  • @katelyngleason3863
    @katelyngleason3863 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    This video was super helpful, thank you!!

  • @toshanverma3941
    @toshanverma3941 ปีที่แล้ว

    Understood very well

  • @Shirdimajid
    @Shirdimajid 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Hey dork I have the same anatomy book.. I m physio too

  • @generalz_a1253
    @generalz_a1253 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Love your videos mate. What's an example of an exercise that uses the gluteus medius concentrically, eccentrically, and isometrically?

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Glad you're enjoying the videos, and great question!
      A lot of exercises will involve concentric and eccentric phases of glute med activation, but I'll pick out a couple here with some video links that emphasize one more than others.
      Banded crab walks are a great one to focus on the eccentric phase as the band providing tension emphasizes the eccentric slowing when you bring your feet together. Of course this exercise also includes concentric when stepping apart, but it's a great one for eccentric emphasis!
      th-cam.com/video/7C8mL0v976o/w-d-xo.html
      Concentrically, performing hip abductions against gravity is a nice straight forward one. Your concentric phase will be lowering the leg back down, but working concentrically against gravity is a nice one to visualize.
      th-cam.com/video/-rDiQXjeXO0/w-d-xo.html
      Isometrically, contracting your glute med will placing pressure into the wall standing on one leg is a way to isolate. The glute med is very active while standing on one leg and using the stance leg to create pressure into the wall emphasizes this.
      th-cam.com/video/ny5WDD_1XsE/w-d-xo.html
      Good luck with your glute med training :)

  • @yohan_313
    @yohan_313 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thank you so much its so fun to watch and learn so smoothly iam a pt from iraq i love your videos 👏

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  5 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Thank you so much! Glad you enjoyed the videos and they're helpful :) appreciate you checking out my channel!

  • @minahilsaeed2201
    @minahilsaeed2201 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Good video

  • @UchennaSuccess-o7b
    @UchennaSuccess-o7b หลายเดือนก่อน

    Happy birthday 🥳🥳

  • @Danceandmmagirl
    @Danceandmmagirl 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you 🙏

  • @fredlewis610
    @fredlewis610 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    good work!

  • @taqiyuddinsuhaimi8284
    @taqiyuddinsuhaimi8284 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    done subscribe! i think this is very interesting and it helps me a lot. THANK YOU

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  4 ปีที่แล้ว

      You are very welcome! Glad you enjoyed the video and I hope you enjoy the upcoming content I'm working on as well :)

  • @prinxesslexi907
    @prinxesslexi907 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    I came across your video for a further explanation and understanding of this topic for MT. Truly glad I stumbled across your page! Excellent content!

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thanks so much for the kind words! Glad you enjoyed the video :)

  • @craigcohen3682
    @craigcohen3682 ปีที่แล้ว

    Happy birthday

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  ปีที่แล้ว

      Why thank you! 28th birthday is right around the corner here!

  • @sanikagodbole8874
    @sanikagodbole8874 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Super helpful video❤️! Thankyou

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  3 ปีที่แล้ว

      You are so welcome :) glad you found it helpful!

  • @antheadempsey3686
    @antheadempsey3686 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Very helpful. Thank you 🙏 God bless you🙏

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thanks Anthea! Really glad it could be helpful for you :)

  • @dudukeza9767
    @dudukeza9767 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    keep helping us. I am in the PTA program, I am taking PT science 1, I need more videos like this. Thank you

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  3 ปีที่แล้ว

      I'm glad videos like this one have been able to help you!
      If there are other topics you'd like me to touch on let me know, I'll do my best to incorporate them moving forwards :)
      Good luck with your program!

  • @Zeinab.Elhawary
    @Zeinab.Elhawary ปีที่แล้ว

    Best explanation ever 🙏🏻
    So concentric type of contraction is the only one that recruits most or all of muscle fibers?
    And the difference between biceps eccentric and triceps extension is the harmony of movement,
    But what is the difference between muscle relaxation and eccentric contraction, is it the tone ?

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Thanks Zeinab!
      Concentric contraction doesn't necessarily mean that most or all of the muscle fibres are contracted, it just refers to the type of contraction (aka the shortening).
      Exactly, eccentric contraction vs relaxation refers to muscle tone. So a relaxed muscle would be not contracting in any meaningful way. An eccentric contraction could be happening as a muscle is "relaxing" aka bringing your arm to your side, but the muscle is actively contracting as it is lengthening.

  • @sophienozadze7222
    @sophienozadze7222 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hi! Thank you for the explanation! It was very helpful :)
    Would you recommend some books to the physiotherapists?

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Hi Sophie! You're very welcome, glad it was helpful!
      For a book more on general health and holistic thinking I really liked "The Ripple Effect" by Greg Wells.
      A bit more of a specific book for PTs would be Kelly Starrett's supple leopard, but it's a bit of a longer more textbook style read.
      Happy reading!

    • @sophienozadze7222
      @sophienozadze7222 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@aphysionamedjonah Thank you!

  • @AwakeningVibes-369
    @AwakeningVibes-369 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Lol. Thank you for great explaination. Preparing for PCE 😀 here

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  3 ปีที่แล้ว

      You are so welcome! Good luck with the PCE :)

    • @AwakeningVibes-369
      @AwakeningVibes-369 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@aphysionamedjonah thank you. Would you give tips on studying for pce while working, how to keep on track and motivated etc.

  • @mamalee6002
    @mamalee6002 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hi thanks for your video and is it the same way to explain the situation of climbing stairs? When we go upstairs that is concentric movement and when we go downstairs isometric movement involved. So it needs more muscle control when we go downstairs?

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Good thinking! Upstairs is more concentric muscle contraction, whereas downstairs has more eccentric muscle contraction (less so isometric) that causes the deman on muscle control to be higher!

  • @alexanderkatiya3608
    @alexanderkatiya3608 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Force'reps is consentric contraction?

  • @dorc5364
    @dorc5364 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    I was really struggling to understand this! Thank you 🙂

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Glad to be able to help, and you are most welcome :). Great Bilbo profile image by the way, that scene from LOTR used to terrify me when I was a kid!

  • @diamondeverett-lee3808
    @diamondeverett-lee3808 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    What about isokinetic?

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  หลายเดือนก่อน

      Not a type I'm super familiar with! My quick research seems that it's a specific type of machine that operates to maintain the speed (root word kinetic in there) constant throughout motion. Not a super common one or something I've come across in my professional life, so good question!

  • @anelsymartinez1975
    @anelsymartinez1975 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    i’m still confused can you tell me which ones are eccentric on the leg press , leg extensions, deadlifts & hip thrusts ???

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Hey! All of them are going to involve multiple phases but emphasize different things. For the primary muscle groups, deadlifts would represent primarily concentric muscle activation, as the main action is lifting or shortening. Leg extensions are similar, but have an eccentric phase as you bend the legs again.

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Hip thrusts would also be primarily concentric as the main action is concentric contraction of the glutes as the press happens! Once again, there is an eccentric phase though as you return to the starting position.

  • @punkinspice2361
    @punkinspice2361 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you so much for this!!! 🙏✨💞Loved the way you explained it & the examples you gave! Also it’s November & all late but happy late birthday, thank you for making this on your birthday haha 😂 🎂✨✨✨💃🏽💃🏽

  • @humariaz7666
    @humariaz7666 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Nice

  • @amiraabdelall2233
    @amiraabdelall2233 11 หลายเดือนก่อน

    ❤thanks

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  11 หลายเดือนก่อน

      My pleasure! Thanks for checking out the channel!

  • @mandidesmarteau8384
    @mandidesmarteau8384 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    This was great and funny! thank you! Cheers to caffeinated lifeblood :)

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Thanks so much Mandi, that's great to hear! Cheers to the beauty of that caffeine bean indeed :)

  • @minahilsaeed2201
    @minahilsaeed2201 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    New subscriber here

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  3 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Thanks for subscribing the channel! :)

  • @md.mohiuddinnoorianas1613
    @md.mohiuddinnoorianas1613 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    A 23 old man is physiotherapist!! 😳
    In my country its not possible to be a graduate at this age. l am almost 22 but I am just in 2nd year.
    BTW, you did the great job. Hopefully you'll do the same thing in future.

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Well thank you! I will definitely keep doing my best to make better and better videos.
      I'm 26 years old now, and I've been practicing for a couple years now. I graduated young as I went straight from high school into my undergraduate degree, then got accepted right into physio school the year I was done my undergraduate. So 4 years undergrad plus 2 years of a Masters, 23-24 is really young for a Physio here in Canada too!
      Good luck with your schooling :) it's worth it when you're finished!

  • @robochibi
    @robochibi 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Its nice to know all this but theres no point. The important thing is that your doing physical activity and enjoying the exercises that you do. Unless youre trying to be a champion body builder knowing your eccentric vs concentric muscle growth is just overcomplicating the process of muscle growth. Studies have shown that there is only a 2-3 percent increase in muscle growth for those that are favoring eccentric growth. The most important thing is that you are in the gym and youre putting in the work. Do the exercises that you like and diversify your exercises to work out different muscle groups

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      You aren't wrong at all for the average individual really diving deep into different types of muscle training isn't necessary for their training.
      My hope with this video is more that it can help people understand the different types of contraction for their own knowledge or academic pursuits, with its role in targeted training being more understanding vs. prescriptive.
      Diversifying exercises is always a great option!

  • @rodrigofernandez4500
    @rodrigofernandez4500 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    FIRST FIRST FIRST FIRST FIRST

  • @futuredrmitchell
    @futuredrmitchell 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Cat was an unpaid special guest

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      She gets paid in treats/snuggles as commission for special appearances :)

  • @williesanders3214
    @williesanders3214 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Wii sports music lol

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  4 ปีที่แล้ว

      Only the best ;)

    • @moisesindequi703
      @moisesindequi703 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thanks a lot mate this was an easy explanation! 🙏🏿🙏🏿🙏🏿

  • @eurydicebalonda6808
    @eurydicebalonda6808 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    😂😂🎉🎉

  • @sevengal
    @sevengal 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Why do all pt videos talk so fast ugh.

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  2 ปีที่แล้ว

      We are a quick chatting excitable bunch aren't we!
      In all seriousness, this is something I think I've gotten better at as my TH-cam channel has progressed along. It's really easy to let your pace get away from you when you're talking on camera, but reigning that in has definitely been a focus as I've been doing this more.
      Hope the video was still helpful!

  • @HannahBats
    @HannahBats 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Mmmm sweet caffeine necter

    • @aphysionamedjonah
      @aphysionamedjonah  3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      A staple of every day. Getting that sweet caffeinated nectar into my bloodstream!

  • @hydrogenbond9367
    @hydrogenbond9367 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    He's cute and it's distracting me hahaha

  • @eurydicebalonda6808
    @eurydicebalonda6808 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Cute nerd