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also thanks for sharing nusantara. as cultures native to the region we are proud of our oral legends of Nusantara. and many people don't realize papua people are also nusantaran people. just that they rarely meet foreigners and marry them unlike the other regions of Nusantara hehehe
BTW, Eastern INDONESIA was FULL! i mean FULL OF MATRIACHAL TRIBES. banda people that you mention that was genocide. WAS SOME OF THOSE MATRIACHAL TRIBES. few matriachs survives. minangkabau is the largest ethnic matriach in the world and Indonesia. right behind miao in number of population. matriachal populations in Indonesia exist in oral stories. they were low density population(due to matriachy birthrate was lower) so it was easy to sweep them under the rug in history and destroy records of them existing. minangkabau was the only matriachal tribest that was in "Western Indonesia" they have quiet a large population and acehnese,all of sumatrans and java-sundanese,malays-borneans all knew them. so it was impossible to destroy their culture or force patriarchy on them. the rise of Indonesia FEMINISM coincide with rise ANGAIST colonialism. it wasn't a coincidence. the Indonesians later hated the imperial Japanese for the same thing. imposing patriarchal and much harsher enforcement of such values. and bad treatment of our men. just trying to spread awareness. GO FEMINISM btw check out KARTINI a Indonesian noble who made the INDONESIAN FLAG. it's a symbol of matriachy coming back to guard Nusantara in my eyes but few talk about it openly. only people of tradition who enjoy talking myths and legends.generally these matriachs were talk in oral story due to eastern Indonesia historically low population density yet HIGH wealth due to rich products like nutmeg. these rich matriachs are forgotten in history and I hate that fact.
@@curiositycloset2359So did you just wake up one day developed ? And most European dynasties are run by sickos.. I think you’ve been watching 2001 a space Odyssey too many times. If people are undeveloped, does that mean you take advantage? Everyone should develop their own time un molested by other nations
A friend of mine went on a trip to Indonesia last year and even though Indonesia doesn't speak Dutch, you can still see its influence on the language as there are many loanwords that come from Dutch, like handuk, asbak, polisi and stopkontakt! On the Dutch side Indonesian food is some of the most popular food in the Netherlands!
Indeed it is much more profitable, until Napoleon and WW II wrecked all planned enterprises. I'm surprised our country hasn't got that many investments.
For the people living in the Netherlands: I highly recommend visiting the current exhibition at the Amsterdam Museum about Manhattan called "Manahahtáanung of Nieuw Amsterdam?" which also tells the relation with the indigenous Lenape people and their untold perspective of history.
Run Island / Palau Run is an extremely small island in the Banda chain, on which the native islanders swore allegiance to the English King as protection against the Dutch occupying the surrounding islands. it was captured by the Dutch after a siege lasting 4 1/4th years in 1620, where the Dutch completely torn the island down (people and plantation) and only allowed cattle to raise the island. They kept it occupied even though it should have been passed over to the English at the conclusion of the First Anglo-Dutch war of 1652-1654. Just before outbreak of the 2nd Anglo-Dutch War, the Duke of York (future James II) had occupied Nieuw-Amsterdam (Manhattan Island) In the end swapping the possessions out was not more than formalizing the situation de facto. For both parties the original possessions where deep in enemy territory by 1667 when the Treaty of Breda was signed. It is ironic considering what Manhattan eventually became, but in 1664 it was lost of the Dutch anyhow. While the 2nd Anglo-Dutch war was won by the Dutch, militarily it was a stalemate, so not a single chance existed where Manhattan could be retaken (and held). Ceding it for what strengthen their foothold in Guiana, Ghana and Palau Run gave the Dutch a stronger foothold in the regions where they had their main interests.
In Indonesia, the way the Dutch made the Nusantaran people fight each other is called 'Adu Domba', literally meaning "Sheep fight". The kingdoms back then are always embroiled in their own struggles, they failed to see the Dutch controlling them for their own interests.
Well the Dutch helped them take out their rivals and made their leaders rich with bribes and trade. Just like today many people willing to sacrifice their people for a price
This is all because the sultans were local nobles influenced by Arab traders who spread extremist Islam after being expelled from their own country. These foolish and selfish nobles were the ones who divided the Majapahit kingdom and appointed themselves as sultans. That’s why, when attacked by the VOC, instead of uniting, these sultans acted arrogantly and eventually were shattered due to their stupidity.
@silverhenz Have you even read Majapahit history? Of Ken Arok and his descendants? Of Raden Wijaya? Or the kingdoms before that such as Kediri, Singasari, and the others? All that happened before Islam. All that generational violence. The Javanese simply DID NOT and DO NOT want to be united. Anyone who tried to unite the Javanese faced rebellion after rebellion, be it Majapahit, Mataram, the Dutch, or even today's Indonesia (every election is Javanese vs Javanese).
@@royssche maybe later. afterall indonesia is aloot more"open" information wise due to using roman alphabets. indian history needs to get translated to get local acccounts.
This may not be relevant here, but one of the reason the Dutch didn't interfere in the religion of the Indonesians i.e Islam, is because of their alliance with the Turks who both shared antagonism towards Catholics. The phrase Liever Turks dan Paaps ("Rather a Turk than a Papist") was a Dutch slogan during the Dutch Revolt of the end of the 16th century.
The Dutch were more interested in trade rather than a "civilizing mission." There ability to separate trade and religion was the reason they were the only Europeans allowed to trade in Japan under sakoku (albeit under very high restrictions)
The dutch didnt proselytize because it wasnt their goal. Remember that half of the time indonesia was colonized by VOC, a trade company. The dutch actually hampers some christianization progress.. But christianity still prevails in Indonesia as in modern indonesia as the fastest growing religion in Indonesia (by population percentage) according to our ministry of religious affair data.
Indonesia back then was consist of independent kingdoms fighting each other for power and domination. The European, especially the Dutch, just take advantage of their rivalry by assisting one kingdom destroy their enemy then turned against them later. Repeat, and profit.
Exact same situation in Europe: Many kingdoms of various sizes vying for hegemony in Europe. However, no outside power could take advantage of their rivalry because even the lesser European powers (e.g. Portugal, Savoy, Swiss, the Netherlands, etc) were quite wealthy and powerful on their own right.
Super Informative. Mixed feelings watching this as a fellow ASEAN/Nusantara Singaporean. Plenty of suffering, and then unity from the ashes of that suffering. Well, the past is the past. We look to the future now. Lots more blessings, health and prosperity for our Indonesian sisters and brothers 😇 Looking forward to more Indonesian videos, thanks K&G!
Its not like all those kingdoms were living in peace. They were warring kingdoms that fought with each other constantly. And maybe would still be up to this day. I think its funny that the first thing Indonesia did after becoming independent was colonizing West Papua/Irian Jaya. And it has been civil war there until this day
@miamithijs3579 Yes, I don't deny the outcome of a unified republic is a big plus. But the process involving human suffering is and will never be ideal. Re: West Papua, etc. Two wrongs don't make a right. Whataboutism doesn't help. We acknowledge the brutality, take our lessons from the past to inform our future choices
as an indo, i want to add that the true reason those dutchies sequoias colonized us is because we have cool mountains, something that's non-existent in their low altitude habitat, that is the netherlands. they're also great waterbenders so that kinda helps their quest in our country, which is broken ngl
False, beautiful scenes of mountains were never a reason to colonize areas. Bet the waterbenders of the Dutch can be pretty handy nowadays with climate effects these days
As a waterbender from the Netherlands I can confirm, our powers are so strong that we have been stealing rain water from all over the world to make sure we'll never have good beach weather EVER!! Also on side note we have a historical fondness for Indonesia I always wanted to visit.
It is astounding how the Dutch were able to maintain a colony so far away from their homeland, and so much larger than them geographically and in population. Even for a modern army against natives, that’s nothing to scoff at.
Even much much more astounding is how a tiny Britain had so many BIG BIG colonies around the planet for hundreds of years much much larger than them geographically and in population. From USA\Canada to India to Australia and beyond.
@@neilmanx1001 If its astounding for tiny Britain, keep in mind the Netherlands has always had much less population and also a fraction of the home land area of Britain
@@marijn211 Keep also in mind the size and population of britain compared to the combined population of India, USA, Canada, Australia, New zealand, Ireland, Malaysia, Singapore, South Africa, Zimbabwe and many many more....
What this video doesn't tackles is that majority of general population lived exactly same routine no matter who ruled them - Dutch or independent local dynasties. And local rivalries with constant wars... European power didn't changed much on that front. Population suffered while rulers had their fuedes where mostly simple man were suffering, not the soldiers. Area might be big but politically it really wasn't as big challenge as it might seem from modern perspective. Especially that locak rulers had infective administration thus deposite massive population their armies weren't proportionally similar to Dutch or other colonial powers. When Majority of India was conquered by East India Company - I'll change area only slightly - multiple Indian independent rulers put armies of 20 thousand man on the field. At the same time Napoleonic Wars happened, far less populous France fielded 400 thousand man + 600k of foreign troops. Europeans were just so much more organized when compared.
Excellent video about our nation history! One small note, Sultan Agung use the title "Sultan" near the end of his rule, he mainly use the Javanese title Panembahan. He asked the Sharif of Mecca for the title of Sultan, because the ruler of Banten use that title and Panembahan Hanyakrakusuma (who claim the lordship of Java) think he's the one ruler who deserve it. Banten however, maintain the last local "Intercontinental tradefleet". Also, Mataram numerous Civil War is much more chaotic than the Game of Thrones story, in case you want to cover it.
Too often popular imagination tells us that Europe conquered the world through sheer military might when in reality colonial ventures owe their success to prudent diplomacy that makes use of pre-existing rivalries between existing nations while the same nations in turn used the Europeans as an instrument against their rivals and in many cases a key pillar of their power
It's unfortunate that this isn't more widely known. The popular historical narratives just tend to paint the natives as backwards people waiting to be enlightened by Europeans
its a mix of all these different factors. k&k said that it wasn’t the technology and in the next sentence they say the Indonesians copied the dutch, hired english and reverse engineered. with just military might the dutch and other colonists could not have conquered the world, i agree, especially cause waging an all put war this far away with far less population would have been almost impossible. thus it was a mix, the already weakend colonies were easy prey for the better technology which (unfortunetely) gave them the final advantage in the end.
Well an other wrong image is that many people think that the colonial age lasted from 1500-few decades ago. Truth is up till somewhere in the 1800s expansion in most regions was limited, military present stretched out and often limited as would take a long time to get new recruits. Was only in the 1800s that colonial scramble happened like in Africa prior to it Europeans controlled by means of diplomacy and treaties, and in some cases this treaties where also very beneficial for some of this nations. Wasn't till we had a cure for malaria and a decent railroad system set up that Africa got really taken over, and as we saw here the same for Indonesia, VOC in al its time really only directly controlled a relatively small area, wasn't till again 1800s where that suddenly and quickly started to expand. Europe control and take over of most of the world was a slow process that could have easily failed, sending out fleets could also end up in huge financial losses and colonies even more so. There are some colonial nations of Europe that very few people really know as they are quite unknow for it. But the Scots tried their hands at it, the Swedish, some German princedoms, but most ended up either complete failures where colony didn't survive first year or 2, or financially where to expensive to maintain. Even China once had a mighty exploration and trade fleet that made it all the way to east Africa, but on return new ruler who didn't want to invest in such undertaking as it costs a fortune. Basically many other nations either prior or during this period tried their hands at it, only really a handful of European nations tend to stick out. In the end why those and not all those other European nations, cause technology and all that maters nothing. It all kinda comes down to many factors, biggest one in this case i think geographics, and to a degree total number of population. Cause the major once know Portugal, Spain, France, Britain, Netherlands, all having large shores. Also the in part reason why in the end that the British became the top colonizing nation is the result of them being a pretty large Island nation.
@@MrFosite not totally right. the british were very dominant at sea and for most of the later history had superior ships to for example the french or spanish. i don’t understand how people cannot realize that technology was indeed a factor, which even enabled the europeans to even try to colonize. in between the europeans there was not much of a difference, but clearly the europeans were more advanced than the areas they colonized.
@@asianperson104 Can you explain how does that justify the Dutch? Imagine someone stabbed you ten times and someone one time, the pain felt will be mostly same but the amount of damage done by one is greater and that's how Dutch and Japanese were to Indonesia. Both are crimes and neither of them stand more in morality than the other but we need to talk about data right? Clearly the Dutch comes first from its long history of exploitation.
Fun fact, there are so many "sacred" 18th century cannons in Indonesia that people said the weapons was possessed by the spirit of the ancestors. It is so sacred that some people even refuse to touch the cannons or even look at it. Tracing back to history, it is said that the "mystical" sacredness of such cannons, were made by the Dutch. To prevent any local rebellions who use gunpowder based weaponry. So after the fall/subjugations of major kingdoms in Nusantara. Many local rebellions only uses farming equipment or homemade melee weapons. This is why even in our history lesson back in the schools, they told us that local kingdoms are primitive compared to the European gunnery. The Sultan Agung offensive to Sunda Kelapa or Jakarta in the present day. Already equipped his soldiers with guns and cannons. Demak Sultanate naval offensive to the Portuguese in Malaka. Also utilized a huge Junk ship, that dwarves Portuguese ships at that time. But still, after a chain of defeats and local rivalries. European gunneries are far exceeding the local traditional technology.
I would also like to say, I really appreciate the work you guys put into the videos, very very appealing to watch while gaining such well expressed knowledge. Thank you very much for your work🙏🙏🙏
@@JamieBarto be honest by 1800 spices had 200% less worth than in 1600, and Netherlands wasn't doing so good in naval economic and internationally. By the 1790 it should've been disbanded 50 years before
@@luckyluciano1584Thats because at the height of the Dutch Golden Age the Dutch conquered the UK during the glorious revolution, made the UK a protestant country ruled by a Dutch King William and then they exported all their Dutch knowledge to their new British ally making the Brits also a naval super power. All this worked out very well until the Dutch William king of England died and was succeeded by a British guy who then ended their alliance with the Netherlands and using his new strong navy to compete with the Dutch... using Dutch knowledge against the Dutch... Moving the financial world away from Amsterdam to Londen.
@@corne1717 not really, there decline happened during 1670s when the English and French both invaded, they managed to stabilise most of its army strength and naval strength, this would decline in the war of Spanish succession due to the Netherlands overestimating how willing the Austrians where to granting the Spanish Netherlands, they got nothing out of that war and economically and politically suffered for it
@@luckyluciano1584 This is part of the same story. During the Spannish succession war, the Dutch had the 2nd largest land army in Europe. This was too big and too expensive for the Dutch. This happened a few years after the glorious revolution and because the Dutch fought on land, their British allies under command of dutch kind William the first of England, fought on sea. As a consequence the Brits got all the strategic gains such as Gibraltar. It was a combination of the Brits gaining strength on sea due to all the Dutch knowledge and due to the peace with the Dutch, while the Dutch made their country almost bankrupt by a lot of expensive wars. The Brits benefitted a lot from the alliance with the Dutch because as a consequence the VOC didnt attack them anymore in the far east. Conquering England during the glorious revolution backfired very badly for the Dutch on the long term.
Indonesia terdiri dari banyak seribu suku dan budaya, karena Belanda Indonesia satu menjadi negara. Bagus juga untuk menjelaskan kebaikan dan kejahatan VOC. So thank you for creating this video King And Generals. 🎉
Dutch is a merchant republic then... and what theybdo is for trade and profit... And people embarking on the shipnarent actually decent people, just desperate svthugs usually... The rich merchant buy stocks... in ansterdam
Had European power never disturbed the region affairs Java would be the biggest country in the region covering 90% of Sumatera land, all part of Kalimantan/Borneo, Bali, Singapore, Johor, Java and Lombok because it was Mataram mission to conquer these lands but the Dutch disturb the plans. Their mission to be the biggest and most civilized in all Javanese history even comparing themselves with Majapahit as noted in their Manuscript that is called Babad Tanah Yawi (History the land of Java) and the country would be named after Yawanegara literally means the Javanese country it's a tradition in Javanese society to name their country as Yawa/Bhumi Yawa/Yawanegara/Yawapura/Yawi
Why? You're borders are based on colonialist borders (between dutch and english) and your laws are largely based on dutch law. You're minds will remain colonised until you go back to the blessed shari'ah again.
At the begining, VOC hegemoni trough the island done by three person (triplet) Speelman (Governor after JP Coen), Arung Palaka (Bone King) and Jongker (an ambonese king maybe from saparua), this three people subdue many kingdom in the island with force.
Ah yes, after years of waiting, you guys finally covered the Dutch Colonization of Indonesia, which few westerner know about! Thank you very much for covering our history ❤❤.
I am sorry, I didnt mean to comment others here, and didnt even mean to read others comments. But while I was typing mine for this video, I accidentally read your comment. Since it was right under mine.. What do you mean " few westerner know about"? Everyone knows about Dutch colonization, and Western colonisation in general. This modern world is build on it and European stats/kingdoms were build on blood and sweat of Asians, Indians, Americans etc, how can only few know about it. I dont know who or which Westerners you mean, but I know, here in Europe we know The whole world knows about Dutch East India company and English version, East India company and their actions all Asia. US, Modern Americans probably, yes, if them you mean..
Yet another excellent video about an interesting topic. Kings and Generals really does a great job scratching my itch to learn more and more about our human history.
Been a regular to the channel way before the Majapahit series so it's not the first time you guys brought about our country, but it's nice to see you guys covered it up.
Small suggestion: When you say "cover it up" you're saying that something has been hidden, not being put out in the open, as in: a conspiracy, or something like that. I think you just meant "cover it".
The Dutch port of Texel? Texel is an island. There was a location in the sea to the southeast of it where ships would gather prior to leaving for the East. That was called the Reede van Texel.
To be fair, in these times larger sail-ships like Indiaman where hardly able to dock quayside and usually where stationed in natural harbours like bays and atoll's to be serviced by smaller ships. It isn't until the advent of steam tugboats where it became efficient and safe enough to dock larger ships into ports if not absolutely necessary.
@@DisdainusMaximus Not really though, is it? What they said is akin to calling the port of Rotterdam "the port of Holland". There is a name for the thing they are talking about. Either they use it or they don't. It's that simple.
@@piccolo917 yup. Anyone who even looks at the map today can see it. If you then know the land between Den Helder (which existed but wasn't a naval base, just a small fishing village) and Wieringen was poldered only recently, you really get an idea of what it was like and why this place was used. Ships are sheltered there from all sides, and Het Marsdiep is one of the few deep channels in de Wadden sea, along with Het Vlie. From between Texel and Wieringen, you can strike out in any direction in almost any weather. So fleets from the Westfrisian ports (Hoorn, Medemblik, Enkhuizen, Edam, Monnickendam) and Amsterdam would gather there, on their way way out and in. Ships from the Frisian ports of Harlingen and Stavoren might join them there, depending on what it was about. Baltic trade heading out, they could decide to travel in convoy with West Frisians and Amsterdammers, or meet up with other Frisian ships around Dokkum. Militarily, same thing. (Note, there was an admiralty and thus navy of Westfriesland (Hoorn) Friesland (Dokkum), Ommelanden, Holland (Amsterdam), The Meuse (Rotterdam) and Zeeland. They each did their own thing and different provinces were involved in different conflicts as well). And last thing, ships from the Rhine and Meuse estuary and parts of Zeeland would meet at the Rede van Goeree. Other ships from Zeeland would meet at Vlissingen. So in reality, most Dutch combined convoys to the East would have met at Goeree, rather than Texel... The Northern ships would gather at Texel and then meet up with the Southern ships there, before passing Duinkerken and its privateers
Vasco Da Gama landing on the west coast of India started this whole colonization game in Asia which is exactly what Columbus wanted to do and reach India but ended up in America while Gama succeeded. As of today, India still remains the number 1 producer and exporter of spices in the world maintaining its ancient historical position.
@@anaramos2802 trading was just one component of their empire. they also had a strong religious component , as crusading against Islam was in their official charter. but don't forget, the Portuguese empire was the first global maritime war machine in world history. at the height of their empire , they were fighting wars against a diverse range of people and cultures across all of planet earth, never before seen in human history. but it's funny how they teach history in Portugal. they're embarrassed how at one point in history their ancestors had a terrifying empire.
Once upon time it was Majapahit, before then divide into many little kingdoms. This more valid story based on artefacts traces and charters scattered all over corners in Nusantara.
A lesser known fact is that in 1592 Cornelis Corneliszoon combined a crankshaft with a windmill, creating the sawmill. His invention created a small technologic revolution that freed up a lot of labour. The VOC was founded in 1602.
Thank you for your efforts! This is very engaging and informative. Would you also be able to launch a series on Chinese history as well, with focus on the pre-classical periods and the early imperial periods? A rendition by yourselves is sure to be something very enjoyable and educational as well.
Getting rid of the Dutch colonial yoke is something to celebrate, but the habitants of Aceh, the Malukus and Indonesian Guinea are not so happy seeing the Dutch oppressors being replaced by Javanese ones.
@@marknieuweboer8099im sorry but the Acehnese, Malukunnese and Papuannese etnis remain one unit of our nation!! go away you separatists! don't stay in Indonesia if you still rebel against the government! one thing our Javanese tribe never colonized and made you suffer! so don't spread slander, hate speech and hoax news! if you see the Acehnese and other ethnic groups seem to live as usual without any misery. you say as if Java is the main perpetrator! when in reality the main mastermind is government policy! we the Javanese people ourselves are often oppressed, made to suffer and lied to with sweet promises from corrupt state leaders/lawyers! so don't assume that only Javanese people are spoiled! HEY! BASED ON DATA AND FACTS: JAVA IS THE ISLAND WITH THE POOREST INCOME IN INDONESIA! FAR LESS THAN PROVINCES ON OTHER ISLANDS!
My oldest known paternal ancestor was a surgeon in the last VOC decade and later a military physician on Ternate (the Molukkas). The fort he was in there got besieged by Sultan Nuku of Tidore in 1801 at which time Nuku was allied with the British. The fort surrendered to the British after a couple of junior officers mutinied (on account of an unmanagble amount of sick and wounded defenders) and imprisoned the Dutch governor. What Nuku seemed to have done was a bit of a "ditto" strategy to what the VOC and the BEIC had been doing, allying with rival powers to expand their empire. In his case, sultan Nuku allied with Britain against the Dutch.
I'm definitely on board for more videos on Indonesian history! It's on pace to become an economic juggernaut in the next few decades, so definitely a country we in the West need to become better acquainted with. It's just a fascinating place, anyway, a country made up of thousands of tropical islands, a Muslim state in mainly Hindu or Buddhist southeast Asia. It's very unique.
This video would serve greatly in the classroom of Indonesian students. Growing up, I lack the detail offered by this video. For example, the explanation of V.O.C. downfall is only or even solely attributed to internal company corruption. Which set the tone to justify today's rampant corruption in Indonesia. I hope you give Indonesia's nation building history justice in future video. Yes, the V.O.C. and Netherlands unite these various Nusantara Kingdoms under the Dutch East Indies. But even then, the notion that all "native" people in the Dutch East Indies are of one nation is due to the effort of many Indonesian scholars and powerful figures of that era. They did conferences, used mails, newspapers, and radios, all to create a sense of unity as a nation. I put native in parenthesis because there's still debate on whether Chinese-descendants and Papuans are part of that Indonesian nation building. Personally, I think they are, and some have rediscover for example the role of Chinese-Indonesians had in several of the rebellion or war against Dutch. There was also a massacre in Batavia aimed at Chinese-Indonesians. I hope your research will do you justice to expose these facts.
The Dutch even appointed a Kapitan Cina to be in charge of the local Chinese communities. Similar appointments existed for the Arab and Indian communities
The War of American Independence was brutal for its participants. England were ganged up by France, Dutch, and Spain in addition to the colonist rebels. In the end, England lost their 13 colonies, France went bankrupt (the cause of French Revolution several years later), Dutch or VOC was irrecoverably wrecked, and only Spain gained some territory from England. And of course, the rebels won.
@@rizkyadiyanto7922 Hmmm .. (looking at Aceh) ... (looking at Papua) ... (looking at South Molucca) ... (looking at East Timor) ... yup, not forced. Not forced indeed.
@@guyman1570 It's meant to be as it has all the current day countries represented. Look at Eastern Europe and the Balkans. It's the boarders that all all wrong
At 20:31. Well, the spice craze in Europe didn’t “come and go.” The VOC’s spice monopoly collapsed because, alas, tropical plants can grow in other tropical places. So throughout the late 1600s and 1700s, crafty British and French traders smuggled out spice plants from these VOC-owned islands. Suddenly nutmeg was being grown in British and French Caribbean colonies, along with pepper, cloves and cinnamon. Even Indian Ocean islands like Mauritius and Sri Lanka became home to large spice plantations owned by the British and French. These new sources of spices produced so many spices that by 1750 the price of spices sold in Europe had collapsed. And with the collapse of spice prices came the bankruptcy of the VOC by 1799.
Dutchmen have a unique ability where their power level and aggression skyrockets in the presence of spices, becoming more beast than man. Indonesia never had a chance I’m afraid
European didn't get tall until late 19th century. Even Napoleon's 167cm was actually considered tall among his peers (the part about him being short was English propaganda who used different measurement that translated into 155 cm).
I don't surprise seeing Indonesian treated Dutch as good guys and never doing bad things in your country after faking history and adopt propaganda as your history. -Backstabbing japanese after faking history and adopt propaganda after they liberate your country from dutch. - Treating Dutch as "good guys" and hero of Indonesia after enslave, farming resources/money, massacre, rape, etc. - Never acknowledge Dutch-Indonesian War when Indonesian also japanese after ww2 ended sacrifice for independent over 800,000 and won the war.
awesome video. I'm always interested in knowing more about Nusantara; ever since I saw the islands in the world map as a teenager and had no idea of what was there.
The Dutch have been colonizing Indonesia for 350 years. He killed and tortured local people who did not submit to him, stole spices, was forcibly hired and other crimes. Grateful now that Indonesia is independent and now the Indonesian state has become more resilient from it .
Actually, as this video story, the dutch collonialization of Indonesian Island started after 1824, the full Netherland East Indies started around 1917 after Acheh and Batakland subdued. So the colonialization is arround 120 to 30 years only, not 350. VOC only secure monopoly rights of spice trade, not really colonize the island.
Not to forget : the hundreds of thousands of Balines who were slaughtered by the Dutch, completely devastating the once culturally important Bali kingdoms, and impoverishing them
@@elifardianto Well yea 😂. Luckily Aruba was too dry for big plantations so we were mostly spared from slavery (thats also why most Arubans today are mixed instead of black). But Curaçao and the other islands were not so lucky. The Dutch did steal all of our gold though. Today Aruba is a constituent country within The Netherlands kingdom. So we function as an independent country inside of NL.
@@yudiarsyad1822 Well we are a very small island (only 200 km), we are just off the coast of Venezuela. Indonesian food is loved here on Aruba and there are a couple Indonesians (mostly Javanese) living here on Aruba. Greetings to you too 🤝.
@@Diwie8well I guess we connected people 🤣. Sorry for the awful joke. What we did back then was horrible to both nations. Love Aruba though and Indonesia (although I've not seen much of it yet, just been at the airport a couple of times in Bali and Jakarta)
Thank you so much on doing a video on my country! I'm a massive fan of you guys, so this is a match made in heaven for me! Do you think you could ever do a video on The Netherlands during more medevial times? The Netherlands has a very interesting history!
Helle KingsandGenerals, it seems that in the first couple of seconds of the video, the capital of the Netherlands is misplaced. The dot that locates Amsterdam is where Rotterdam would be. Amsterdam is located higher in the country, just underneath that 'inward lake'.
Amazing information as usual, i would advise to spend more time on checking for errors, as in the beginning of the videoyou clearly meant to write "size/area" but wrote "large", as if that single part was badly translated by AI ; P
22:03 Klungkung Kingdom one of the small kingdoms in the Bali Island,but they won to the Dutch East Indies before in Kusamba War or Third Balinese War, renowned for its leading person in war, Dewa Agung Istri Kanya nickname Iron Lady
21:20 Just a minor correction on the map, after The Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824 the Johor-Riau Sultanate is divided into Johor Sultanate under the British rules, and the Riau-Lingga Sultanate under the Dutch rules, thus resulting in the Riau islands fell into Dutch rules (the map shown in the video it's on British rules which is incorrect).
my grandma when still alive told me that, when the Dutch colonialized, it did not feel like colonialized. everything is working normally. She’s working as a teacher at the Colomandu factory. colonialized felt strong when the Japanese came.
@@ohhi5237 yes. I know that. My grandma is in the middle class in Indonesia. I understand that not all Indonesian people can reach that position. the highest class still Europeans. second class China/Arab/japan. third class priyayi (local elite/blue blood). which is my grandma's position. and last, pribumi (local people in common). pribumi is at the bottom of this class. it shows up in the class when you take a train. but the most surfer indo child. which is a mixed race between Pribumi and Europeans. They weren't accepted into either of the classes. and I understand before political ethics, Indonesians didn't get this privilege. but after political ethics, Indonesians have a chance via education.
I've heard once that the main reason it didn't quite feel like colonization was due to the fact that we didn't push our culture and language on the Indonesian people. Gouvernors and officers were taught malay Indonesia because we deemed it more efficient then trying to teach Dutch to all of Indonesia.
Interesting to note that the video is released within the vicinity of Indonesia's Independence Day on 17 August. Would like to see how you may cover the history of the rest of the Nusantara - notably 2 of the nations where this region covers also observe their independence day in the month of August (Singapore on 9 August; Malaysia on 31 August). Also, a belated Happy Independence Day to Sarawak (22 July), and the history of a White Rajah in that region is probably more content for the team.
For anyone interested in dutch colonial rule in 19th century indonesia, Multatuli's "max havelaar" is a very good read. It is a first-hand satirical account that's critical of colonial policy but doesn't oppose it. It's author is considered to be one of the most important dutch writers of all time.
Trading Manhattan was easily such a huge move The English lost it in an expensive war anyway, when they were already broke The Dutch swindled the hell out of the Crown in that single deal
A gov-general (J.P. Coen) was more like a VOC CEO, who would be put in charge by the board to do their bidding. The "Gentlemen 17" were actually in charge which is like a board of directors. Which is usually how it works in corporations.
indonesia, based on the multiple videos i keep seeing lately seems to be a yugoslavia type deal. a very influential dude gathered together many various ethnic groups under one banner because the alternative was being a colony/under subjucation of a major power. only time wil ltell if they will break apart into it's constituent pieces at some point.
Thanks for this. The VOC is an excellent case study in the behaviour of corporations when completely free of regulation. The span of time involved boggles the mind.
Fun fact: did you know that the Dutch hired a couple hundred Samurai mercenaries to enforce their rule in South East Asia during the 16th-early 18th century.
0:06 Vienna and Budapest is Slavic once again, hell yeah! Let just rename them Vienna to Beč/Becz. Budapest would be more problematic to rename, but maybe Pieczara Budziwoja (not sure how to translate Pieczara to Slovak)? xD
I'm sure that some pedant has already noted that December 31, 1780 was actually the last year of the 18th century. By the accepted Western calendar at the time, anyway.
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Please make a video on Brunei
hi As an Indonesian,THANK YOU.terima kasih
also thanks for sharing nusantara. as cultures native to the region we are proud of our oral legends of Nusantara. and many people don't realize papua people are also nusantaran people. just that they rarely meet foreigners and marry them unlike the other regions of Nusantara hehehe
BTW, Eastern INDONESIA was FULL! i mean FULL OF MATRIACHAL TRIBES. banda people that you mention that was genocide. WAS SOME OF THOSE MATRIACHAL TRIBES. few matriachs survives. minangkabau is the largest ethnic matriach in the world and Indonesia. right behind miao in number of population. matriachal populations in Indonesia exist in oral stories. they were low density population(due to matriachy birthrate was lower) so it was easy to sweep them under the rug in history and destroy records of them existing. minangkabau was the only matriachal tribest that was in "Western Indonesia" they have quiet a large population and acehnese,all of sumatrans and java-sundanese,malays-borneans all knew them. so it was impossible to destroy their culture or force patriarchy on them. the rise of Indonesia FEMINISM coincide with rise ANGAIST colonialism. it wasn't a coincidence. the Indonesians later hated the imperial Japanese for the same thing. imposing patriarchal and much harsher enforcement of such values. and bad treatment of our men. just trying to spread awareness. GO FEMINISM
btw check out KARTINI a Indonesian noble who made the INDONESIAN FLAG. it's a symbol of matriachy coming back to guard Nusantara in my eyes but few talk about it openly. only people of tradition who enjoy talking myths and legends.generally these matriachs were talk in oral story due to eastern Indonesia historically low population density yet HIGH wealth due to rich products like nutmeg. these rich matriachs are forgotten in history and I hate that fact.
Could you discuss Thai history and their 150 years of imposed isolation from Europeans?
It's crazy how much the fate of billions of people has been altered all because certain plants taste really good
It's their fault for not being as developed
@@heavyartillery-qm5huwell, theyd still be completely undeveloped if we hadn't gone there.
@@curiositycloset2359So did you just wake up one day developed ? And most European dynasties are run by sickos..
I think you’ve been watching 2001 a space Odyssey too many times. If people are undeveloped, does that mean you take advantage? Everyone should develop their own time un molested by other nations
Because certain plants taste good? It is more because certain people are assholes.
But yeah, it's all the plants fault.
Some absolutely psychotic opinions here. Colonisation was disastrous for the colonised. The ability to victimise someone doesn't morally justify it
A friend of mine went on a trip to Indonesia last year and even though Indonesia doesn't speak Dutch, you can still see its influence on the language as there are many loanwords that come from Dutch, like handuk, asbak, polisi and stopkontakt!
On the Dutch side Indonesian food is some of the most popular food in the Netherlands!
I actually made videos about the loanwords on my channel!
Basically the same thing happened in the Philippines with Spain.
Yes .. Ajam Ketjap :-D
I get it every now and then from a Chinese-Indonesian local restaurant 'De Gouden Muur'
NethNesia
I actually made videos about the Dutch loanwords in Indonesia on my channel!
'The spice must flow' - Dutch (18th century)
IDD, Nutmeg,
*17th century. The price of spices dropped in the 18th century
@@deborahswart1718Talk about a major nut job (all of that trouble over a small nutmeg).
I have a trade plan
Or baron harkonnen in dune lol 😂
Who needs Manhattan anyways? Nutmeg will be extremely profitable forever
Idk, how did it turn out for the English?
Indeed it is much more profitable, until Napoleon and WW II wrecked all planned enterprises. I'm surprised our country hasn't got that many investments.
Those manhattan people have tendency to revolt. Well, it's your problem now
For the people living in the Netherlands: I highly recommend visiting the current exhibition at the Amsterdam Museum about Manhattan called "Manahahtáanung of Nieuw Amsterdam?" which also tells the relation with the indigenous Lenape people and their untold perspective of history.
Run Island / Palau Run is an extremely small island in the Banda chain, on which the native islanders swore allegiance to the English King as protection against the Dutch occupying the surrounding islands. it was captured by the Dutch after a siege lasting 4 1/4th years in 1620, where the Dutch completely torn the island down (people and plantation) and only allowed cattle to raise the island. They kept it occupied even though it should have been passed over to the English at the conclusion of the First Anglo-Dutch war of 1652-1654.
Just before outbreak of the 2nd Anglo-Dutch War, the Duke of York (future James II) had occupied Nieuw-Amsterdam (Manhattan Island)
In the end swapping the possessions out was not more than formalizing the situation de facto. For both parties the original possessions where deep in enemy territory by 1667 when the Treaty of Breda was signed. It is ironic considering what Manhattan eventually became, but in 1664 it was lost of the Dutch anyhow. While the 2nd Anglo-Dutch war was won by the Dutch, militarily it was a stalemate, so not a single chance existed where Manhattan could be retaken (and held). Ceding it for what strengthen their foothold in Guiana, Ghana and Palau Run gave the Dutch a stronger foothold in the regions where they had their main interests.
In Indonesia, the way the Dutch made the Nusantaran people fight each other is called 'Adu Domba', literally meaning "Sheep fight". The kingdoms back then are always embroiled in their own struggles, they failed to see the Dutch controlling them for their own interests.
Well the Dutch helped them take out their rivals and made their leaders rich with bribes and trade. Just like today many people willing to sacrifice their people for a price
Devide Et Empera
This is all because the sultans were local nobles influenced by Arab traders who spread extremist Islam after being expelled from their own country. These foolish and selfish nobles were the ones who divided the Majapahit kingdom and appointed themselves as sultans. That’s why, when attacked by the VOC, instead of uniting, these sultans acted arrogantly and eventually were shattered due to their stupidity.
@@silverhenz the same stuff literally also happened in Bali among local Hindu Balinese kingdoms, was that also Islam & Arab traders fault?? 😂😂
@silverhenz Have you even read Majapahit history? Of Ken Arok and his descendants? Of Raden Wijaya? Or the kingdoms before that such as Kediri, Singasari, and the others? All that happened before Islam. All that generational violence. The Javanese simply DID NOT and DO NOT want to be united. Anyone who tried to unite the Javanese faced rebellion after rebellion, be it Majapahit, Mataram, the Dutch, or even today's Indonesia (every election is Javanese vs Javanese).
Title: Contains Indonesia
Indonesians: **Summoned**
i wonder why K&G made more Indonesian Contents recently, why so little about India?
I'm here b4 my fellow proud countrymen started spamming comments-
@@royssche I heard K&G recruited Indonesian animator and may recruited their historians as well
true
@@royssche maybe later. afterall indonesia is aloot more"open" information wise due to using roman alphabets. indian history needs to get translated to get local acccounts.
This may not be relevant here, but one of the reason the Dutch didn't interfere in the religion of the Indonesians i.e Islam, is because of their alliance with the Turks who both shared antagonism towards Catholics. The phrase Liever Turks dan Paaps ("Rather a Turk than a Papist") was a Dutch slogan during the Dutch Revolt of the end of the 16th century.
The Dutch were more interested in trade rather than a "civilizing mission." There ability to separate trade and religion was the reason they were the only Europeans allowed to trade in Japan under sakoku (albeit under very high restrictions)
Gold, Glory, and Gospel. Gold and Glory first, Gospel can wait.
The dutch didnt proselytize because it wasnt their goal. Remember that half of the time indonesia was colonized by VOC, a trade company. The dutch actually hampers some christianization progress.. But christianity still prevails in Indonesia as in modern indonesia as the fastest growing religion in Indonesia (by population percentage) according to our ministry of religious affair data.
As an Indonesian I just knew this, and yes the Dutch only send missionaries to communities who weren’t already Muslims.
@@keongmania69 Gold, Glory, and *Goktürk*
Indonesia back then was consist of independent kingdoms fighting each other for power and domination. The European, especially the Dutch, just take advantage of their rivalry by assisting one kingdom destroy their enemy then turned against them later. Repeat, and profit.
Way to make an excuse for genocide, slavery & conquest.
Aka divide and conquer
Exact same situation in Europe: Many kingdoms of various sizes vying for hegemony in Europe.
However, no outside power could take advantage of their rivalry because even the lesser European powers (e.g. Portugal, Savoy, Swiss, the Netherlands, etc) were quite wealthy and powerful on their own right.
@@DavidSaintloth that's history David, this is no different from the Persians and Romans periods.
I love Kaela
"The Republic of Indonesia is made up of 10s thousands of islands, hundreds of cultures and languages." - Indonesia vs Estonia video
Ahh... I see that you are a man of culture
ahh... i see you're a woman of culture fellow matriach(hello from Indonesia)
Hey, finish that quote, come on 😏 tell us about the Estonia part.
Im glad during that debate we're being represented by the best of us
Dongfeng missile wants to know your location
Super Informative. Mixed feelings watching this as a fellow ASEAN/Nusantara Singaporean. Plenty of suffering, and then unity from the ashes of that suffering. Well, the past is the past. We look to the future now. Lots more blessings, health and prosperity for our Indonesian sisters and brothers 😇 Looking forward to more Indonesian videos, thanks K&G!
malay singaporean?
@@rizkyadiyanto7922 Campur - includes Javanese and Peranakan ancestry
Its not like all those kingdoms were living in peace. They were warring kingdoms that fought with each other constantly. And maybe would still be up to this day. I think its funny that the first thing Indonesia did after becoming independent was colonizing West Papua/Irian Jaya. And it has been civil war there until this day
@@miamithijs3579 Here comes the Dutch with their "divide and conquer" propagandas
@miamithijs3579 Yes, I don't deny the outcome of a unified republic is a big plus. But the process involving human suffering is and will never be ideal. Re: West Papua, etc. Two wrongs don't make a right. Whataboutism doesn't help. We acknowledge the brutality, take our lessons from the past to inform our future choices
as an indo, i want to add that the true reason those dutchies sequoias colonized us is because we have cool mountains, something that's non-existent in their low altitude habitat, that is the netherlands.
they're also great waterbenders so that kinda helps their quest in our country, which is broken ngl
Must've been nice seeing a mountain for the first time in their life
False, beautiful scenes of mountains were never a reason to colonize areas.
Bet the waterbenders of the Dutch can be pretty handy nowadays with climate effects these days
@@donvergonet399 I think it was more in a joking manner
As a waterbender from the Netherlands I can confirm, our powers are so strong that we have been stealing rain water from all over the world to make sure we'll never have good beach weather EVER!!
Also on side note we have a historical fondness for Indonesia I always wanted to visit.
Waterbend broken pls nerf
It is astounding how the Dutch were able to maintain a colony so far away from their homeland, and so much larger than them geographically and in population. Even for a modern army against natives, that’s nothing to scoff at.
Even much much more astounding is how a tiny Britain had so many BIG BIG colonies around the planet for hundreds of years much much larger than them geographically and in population. From USA\Canada to India to Australia and beyond.
Nationalism wasn't a thing back then, peasant didn't care who their boss is, as long as there's food around
@@neilmanx1001 If its astounding for tiny Britain, keep in mind the Netherlands has always had much less population and also a fraction of the home land area of Britain
@@marijn211 Keep also in mind the size and population of britain compared to the combined population of India, USA, Canada, Australia, New zealand, Ireland, Malaysia, Singapore, South Africa, Zimbabwe and many many more....
What this video doesn't tackles is that majority of general population lived exactly same routine no matter who ruled them - Dutch or independent local dynasties.
And local rivalries with constant wars... European power didn't changed much on that front. Population suffered while rulers had their fuedes where mostly simple man were suffering, not the soldiers.
Area might be big but politically it really wasn't as big challenge as it might seem from modern perspective. Especially that locak rulers had infective administration thus deposite massive population their armies weren't proportionally similar to Dutch or other colonial powers. When Majority of India was conquered by East India Company - I'll change area only slightly - multiple Indian independent rulers put armies of 20 thousand man on the field. At the same time Napoleonic Wars happened, far less populous France fielded 400 thousand man + 600k of foreign troops.
Europeans were just so much more organized when compared.
Excellent video about our nation history! One small note, Sultan Agung use the title "Sultan" near the end of his rule, he mainly use the Javanese title Panembahan. He asked the Sharif of Mecca for the title of Sultan, because the ruler of Banten use that title and Panembahan Hanyakrakusuma (who claim the lordship of Java) think he's the one ruler who deserve it. Banten however, maintain the last local "Intercontinental tradefleet". Also, Mataram numerous Civil War is much more chaotic than the Game of Thrones story, in case you want to cover it.
But the sultan prevail til today in Yogyakarta
@@eddyr1041only the fragment of what mighty Mataram was
Too often popular imagination tells us that Europe conquered the world through sheer military might when in reality colonial ventures owe their success to prudent diplomacy that makes use of pre-existing rivalries between existing nations while the same nations in turn used the Europeans as an instrument against their rivals and in many cases a key pillar of their power
Divide and conquer has always been effective since the times of Julius Caesar
It's unfortunate that this isn't more widely known. The popular historical narratives just tend to paint the natives as backwards people waiting to be enlightened by Europeans
its a mix of all these different factors. k&k said that it wasn’t the technology and in the next sentence they say the Indonesians copied the dutch, hired english and reverse engineered.
with just military might the dutch and other colonists could not have conquered the world, i agree, especially cause waging an all put war this far away with far less population would have been almost impossible. thus it was a mix, the already weakend colonies were easy prey for the better technology which (unfortunetely) gave them the final advantage in the end.
Well an other wrong image is that many people think that the colonial age lasted from 1500-few decades ago. Truth is up till somewhere in the 1800s expansion in most regions was limited, military present stretched out and often limited as would take a long time to get new recruits. Was only in the 1800s that colonial scramble happened like in Africa prior to it Europeans controlled by means of diplomacy and treaties, and in some cases this treaties where also very beneficial for some of this nations. Wasn't till we had a cure for malaria and a decent railroad system set up that Africa got really taken over, and as we saw here the same for Indonesia, VOC in al its time really only directly controlled a relatively small area, wasn't till again 1800s where that suddenly and quickly started to expand.
Europe control and take over of most of the world was a slow process that could have easily failed, sending out fleets could also end up in huge financial losses and colonies even more so. There are some colonial nations of Europe that very few people really know as they are quite unknow for it. But the Scots tried their hands at it, the Swedish, some German princedoms, but most ended up either complete failures where colony didn't survive first year or 2, or financially where to expensive to maintain.
Even China once had a mighty exploration and trade fleet that made it all the way to east Africa, but on return new ruler who didn't want to invest in such undertaking as it costs a fortune. Basically many other nations either prior or during this period tried their hands at it, only really a handful of European nations tend to stick out. In the end why those and not all those other European nations, cause technology and all that maters nothing. It all kinda comes down to many factors, biggest one in this case i think geographics, and to a degree total number of population. Cause the major once know Portugal, Spain, France, Britain, Netherlands, all having large shores. Also the in part reason why in the end that the British became the top colonizing nation is the result of them being a pretty large Island nation.
@@MrFosite not totally right. the british were very dominant at sea and for most of the later history had superior ships to for example the french or spanish. i don’t understand how people cannot realize that technology was indeed a factor, which even enabled the europeans to even try to colonize. in between the europeans there was not much of a difference, but clearly the europeans were more advanced than the areas they colonized.
The Dutch in Europe: 🤗🇳🇱🌷
The Dutch in Asia :😡🔪🌶️
Johan de Witt and his bro disagree lol
Better then the Japanese, the Indonesian consider 4 years of Japanese occupation worse then 200+ years of Dutch colonialism
@@asianperson104 Can you explain how does that justify the Dutch? Imagine someone stabbed you ten times and someone one time, the pain felt will be mostly same but the amount of damage done by one is greater and that's how Dutch and Japanese were to Indonesia. Both are crimes and neither of them stand more in morality than the other but we need to talk about data right? Clearly the Dutch comes first from its long history of exploitation.
@@asianperson104lol at this just incredibly wrong idea
@asianperson104 are you being sarcastic or dumb?
Fun fact, there are so many "sacred" 18th century cannons in Indonesia that people said the weapons was possessed by the spirit of the ancestors. It is so sacred that some people even refuse to touch the cannons or even look at it.
Tracing back to history, it is said that the "mystical" sacredness of such cannons, were made by the Dutch. To prevent any local rebellions who use gunpowder based weaponry.
So after the fall/subjugations of major kingdoms in Nusantara. Many local rebellions only uses farming equipment or homemade melee weapons. This is why even in our history lesson back in the schools, they told us that local kingdoms are primitive compared to the European gunnery.
The Sultan Agung offensive to Sunda Kelapa or Jakarta in the present day. Already equipped his soldiers with guns and cannons. Demak Sultanate naval offensive to the Portuguese in Malaka. Also utilized a huge Junk ship, that dwarves Portuguese ships at that time.
But still, after a chain of defeats and local rivalries. European gunneries are far exceeding the local traditional technology.
Finally a video about my country after all these years while we have such an interesting history! Thank you, thank you, thank you and thank you ❤❤❤
I would also like to say, I really appreciate the work you guys put into the videos, very very appealing to watch while gaining such well expressed knowledge. Thank you very much for your work🙏🙏🙏
"My spice, my East Indies, my VOC" - Jan Pieterzoon Coen
Hahaha, I love that Dune reference!
Jan Vladizoon Harcoennen.😂
And he died because of the cholerae... Mataram army poop on Citarum river and cholerae spread in Batavia at that time...
Now it's just a dreamed
" Cohen "
This fascinating sweep of hundreds of years of history was masterfully done, and I learned a lot. Great job.
Got my kroepoek ready for this one
Spread your rattan mattress and brew your coffee too buddy.
@@lontongstroongnice one but shouldve used "java" instead
good glass of beer as well?
@@YataTheFifteenthjaa en goed glass beer erbijk.
Hold my kroepoek!
Greetings from 🇮🇩.
Thank you for this podcast guys! Awesome!!! Looking forward for more coverage of Indonesia.
VOC, the true winner of the game of thrones
Until they went bankrupt in 1800 and the Dutch government took over the colony
@@JamieBarto be honest by 1800 spices had 200% less worth than in 1600, and Netherlands wasn't doing so good in naval economic and internationally. By the 1790 it should've been disbanded 50 years before
@@luckyluciano1584Thats because at the height of the Dutch Golden Age the Dutch conquered the UK during the glorious revolution, made the UK a protestant country ruled by a Dutch King William and then they exported all their Dutch knowledge to their new British ally making the Brits also a naval super power. All this worked out very well until the Dutch William king of England died and was succeeded by a British guy who then ended their alliance with the Netherlands and using his new strong navy to compete with the Dutch... using Dutch knowledge against the Dutch... Moving the financial world away from Amsterdam to Londen.
@@corne1717 not really, there decline happened during 1670s when the English and French both invaded, they managed to stabilise most of its army strength and naval strength, this would decline in the war of Spanish succession due to the Netherlands overestimating how willing the Austrians where to granting the Spanish Netherlands, they got nothing out of that war and economically and politically suffered for it
@@luckyluciano1584 This is part of the same story. During the Spannish succession war, the Dutch had the 2nd largest land army in Europe. This was too big and too expensive for the Dutch. This happened a few years after the glorious revolution and because the Dutch fought on land, their British allies under command of dutch kind William the first of England, fought on sea. As a consequence the Brits got all the strategic gains such as Gibraltar. It was a combination of the Brits gaining strength on sea due to all the Dutch knowledge and due to the peace with the Dutch, while the Dutch made their country almost bankrupt by a lot of expensive wars. The Brits benefitted a lot from the alliance with the Dutch because as a consequence the VOC didnt attack them anymore in the far east. Conquering England during the glorious revolution backfired very badly for the Dutch on the long term.
Indonesia terdiri dari banyak seribu suku dan budaya, karena Belanda Indonesia satu menjadi negara. Bagus juga untuk menjelaskan kebaikan dan kejahatan VOC.
So thank you for creating this video King And Generals. 🎉
Thank you for respecting our history may Indonesia flourish in the future🫶
Greetings from the Netherlands, whishing you guys the best. I like the history we share even though there are rough parts.
@@malmaarmals9689yes bro
Dutch is a merchant republic then... and what theybdo is for trade and profit...
And people embarking on the shipnarent actually decent people, just desperate svthugs usually...
The rich merchant buy stocks... in ansterdam
Had European power never disturbed the region affairs Java would be the biggest country in the region covering 90% of Sumatera land, all part of Kalimantan/Borneo, Bali, Singapore, Johor, Java and Lombok because it was Mataram mission to conquer these lands but the Dutch disturb the plans. Their mission to be the biggest and most civilized in all Javanese history even comparing themselves with Majapahit as noted in their Manuscript that is called Babad Tanah Yawi (History the land of Java) and the country would be named after Yawanegara literally means the Javanese country it's a tradition in Javanese society to name their country as Yawa/Bhumi Yawa/Yawanegara/Yawapura/Yawi
0:07 I didn't know that Czechs stopped drinking for a second and conquered Vienna.
Czech it out, the world tour is starting from Vienna
yea map quality in this vid was realy bad, idk why
Slovakia with Budapest, Slovenia with Zagreb, Croatia with Belgrade, Serbia with Skopje, and Bulgaria with Bucharest 😭
@@adolfmauser6582Man pls no another war in Balkan 😂
@@adolfmauser6582 Turkey with Edirne, Istanbul labeled as Constantinople, Oslo labeled as Kristiania
Great video! Would love to see more videos about the subsequent history of indonesia, as well as the history of its predecessors.
fantastic video! right in time for my out-of-nowhere newfound interest in the 17th century malay world
Thanks!
What happened to Europe on the first map? What are those shapes? It is abominal to say the least.
Yeah, someone took LSD or shrooms. There's no other explanation for an oversight like this from a channel who's bread and butter is history.
yeah in my heart i said "LOL THESE BORDERS ARE GOFFY AF LMAO"
EUROPE ON BEER
As an Indonesian, I feel proud of my country which is rich in history
I'm sorry to hear that.
Why? You're borders are based on colonialist borders (between dutch and english) and your laws are largely based on dutch law. You're minds will remain colonised until you go back to the blessed shari'ah again.
@@reallifeautismsports
Cringe.
@@reallifeautismsportsBe quite son of Yakub
Poor people bat eaters🇲🇨🦇
At the begining, VOC hegemoni trough the island done by three person (triplet) Speelman (Governor after JP Coen), Arung Palaka (Bone King) and Jongker (an ambonese king maybe from saparua), this three people subdue many kingdom in the island with force.
Interesting. I didn't know about Jongker, the Ambonese king.
@@roodborstkalf9664 not ambonese may be he come from Saparua...i dont know
Add Minahasans.... from the Dutch 13th province.
Ah yes, after years of waiting, you guys finally covered the Dutch Colonization of Indonesia, which few westerner know about!
Thank you very much for covering our history ❤❤.
I am sorry, I didnt mean to comment others here, and didnt even mean to read others comments. But while I was typing mine for this video, I accidentally read your comment. Since it was right under mine..
What do you mean " few westerner know about"? Everyone knows about Dutch colonization, and Western colonisation in general. This modern world is build on it and European stats/kingdoms were build on blood and sweat of Asians, Indians, Americans etc, how can only few know about it. I dont know who or which Westerners you mean, but I know, here in Europe we know The whole world knows about Dutch East India company and English version, East India company and their actions all Asia.
US, Modern Americans probably, yes, if them you mean..
@@giod6266 well probally some rant dude when foreign ask about indonesia they only know bali as nation most of tourism say that @@
The Dutch are good in hide & seek.
Because they are benign to their neighbors in Europe. However for Indonesian they are ultimate evil.
Most educated people know.
Yet another excellent video about an interesting topic. Kings and Generals really does a great job scratching my itch to learn more and more about our human history.
Been a regular to the channel way before the Majapahit series so it's not the first time you guys brought about our country, but it's nice to see you guys covered it up.
Small suggestion: When you say "cover it up" you're saying that something has been hidden, not being put out in the open, as in: a conspiracy, or something like that.
I think you just meant "cover it".
@@perhapsyes2493 thanks for the tip, I'll keep that in mind.
The Dutch port of Texel? Texel is an island. There was a location in the sea to the southeast of it where ships would gather prior to leaving for the East. That was called the Reede van Texel.
To be fair, in these times larger sail-ships like Indiaman where hardly able to dock quayside and usually where stationed in natural harbours like bays and atoll's to be serviced by smaller ships. It isn't until the advent of steam tugboats where it became efficient and safe enough to dock larger ships into ports if not absolutely necessary.
@@Tuning3434 okay? And how does that negate anything that I said?
To be more accurate, the Dutch/Texel port of Oudeschild was used to take on water and supplies. So it is accurate.
@@DisdainusMaximus Not really though, is it? What they said is akin to calling the port of Rotterdam "the port of Holland". There is a name for the thing they are talking about. Either they use it or they don't. It's that simple.
@@piccolo917 yup. Anyone who even looks at the map today can see it. If you then know the land between Den Helder (which existed but wasn't a naval base, just a small fishing village) and Wieringen was poldered only recently, you really get an idea of what it was like and why this place was used. Ships are sheltered there from all sides, and Het Marsdiep is one of the few deep channels in de Wadden sea, along with Het Vlie. From between Texel and Wieringen, you can strike out in any direction in almost any weather. So fleets from the Westfrisian ports (Hoorn, Medemblik, Enkhuizen, Edam, Monnickendam) and Amsterdam would gather there, on their way way out and in. Ships from the Frisian ports of Harlingen and Stavoren might join them there, depending on what it was about. Baltic trade heading out, they could decide to travel in convoy with West Frisians and Amsterdammers, or meet up with other Frisian ships around Dokkum. Militarily, same thing. (Note, there was an admiralty and thus navy of Westfriesland (Hoorn) Friesland (Dokkum), Ommelanden, Holland (Amsterdam), The Meuse (Rotterdam) and Zeeland. They each did their own thing and different provinces were involved in different conflicts as well).
And last thing, ships from the Rhine and Meuse estuary and parts of Zeeland would meet at the Rede van Goeree. Other ships from Zeeland would meet at Vlissingen.
So in reality, most Dutch combined convoys to the East would have met at Goeree, rather than Texel... The Northern ships would gather at Texel and then meet up with the Southern ships there, before passing Duinkerken and its privateers
Mantap! Greeting from Indonesia! 👍🫡🇮🇩💪
Vasco Da Gama landing on the west coast of India started this whole colonization game in Asia which is exactly what Columbus wanted to do and reach India but ended up in America while Gama succeeded. As of today, India still remains the number 1 producer and exporter of spices in the world maintaining its ancient historical position.
since the invention of refrigerators we don't need so much spices anymore to cover up the taste of rotten meat
Was Columbus from Venice or Genoa?
At the time Portugal was more interested in trading and having the spices monopoly than colonising. That came afterward.
@@anaramos2802 trading was just one component of their empire. they also had a strong religious component , as crusading against Islam was in their official charter. but don't forget, the Portuguese empire was the first global maritime war machine in world history. at the height of their empire , they were fighting wars against a diverse range of people and cultures across all of planet earth, never before seen in human history. but it's funny how they teach history in Portugal. they're embarrassed how at one point in history their ancestors had a terrifying empire.
I'm an Indonesian. Thanks for making this video.
Wonderful video as per usual, thanks!!
Well, Indonesia might be gigantic in size, but it was also pretty disconnected at that time, it's a gigantic archipelago afterall.
Not really, theres a lingua franca in the region long before the Europeans came
Once upon time it was Majapahit, before then divide into many little kingdoms. This more valid story based on artefacts traces and charters scattered all over corners in Nusantara.
I'm glad you mentioned Pulau Run. Even most Dutch prople don't know this was the main trade for Manhattan. Most think it was only about Suriname.
A lesser known fact is that in 1592 Cornelis Corneliszoon combined a crankshaft with a windmill, creating the sawmill.
His invention created a small technologic revolution that freed up a lot of labour.
The VOC was founded in 1602.
It led to the domination of all European shipping, in combination with their introduction of modern capitalism and finance.
Thank you for your efforts! This is very engaging and informative.
Would you also be able to launch a series on Chinese history as well, with focus on the pre-classical periods and the early imperial periods? A rendition by yourselves is sure to be something very enjoyable and educational as well.
God damnit K&G i am 11th grade and this is our first history subject my class is currently studying thank you so much
Don't forget how your ancestors treat the locals as lower than dogs, and massacring the population that didn't obey their command.
17 August 1945
79 year Fredom from 🇳🇱
Happy independence for our country!🇮🇩
Praise of indonesia, praise of nusantara!🦅🇮🇩
Getting rid of the Dutch colonial yoke is something to celebrate, but the habitants of Aceh, the Malukus and Indonesian Guinea are not so happy seeing the Dutch oppressors being replaced by Javanese ones.
@@marknieuweboer8099im sorry but the Acehnese, Malukunnese and Papuannese etnis remain one unit of our nation!! go away you separatists! don't stay in Indonesia if you still rebel against the government!
one thing our Javanese tribe never colonized and made you suffer! so don't spread slander, hate speech and hoax news!
if you see the Acehnese and other ethnic groups seem to live as usual without any misery. you say as if Java is the main perpetrator! when in reality the main mastermind is government policy! we the Javanese people ourselves are often oppressed, made to suffer and lied to with sweet promises from corrupt state leaders/lawyers!
so don't assume that only Javanese people are spoiled! HEY! BASED ON DATA AND FACTS: JAVA IS THE ISLAND WITH THE POOREST INCOME IN INDONESIA! FAR LESS THAN PROVINCES ON OTHER ISLANDS!
My oldest known paternal ancestor was a surgeon in the last VOC decade and later a military physician on Ternate (the Molukkas). The fort he was in there got besieged by Sultan Nuku of Tidore in 1801 at which time Nuku was allied with the British. The fort surrendered to the British after a couple of junior officers mutinied (on account of an unmanagble amount of sick and wounded defenders) and imprisoned the Dutch governor.
What Nuku seemed to have done was a bit of a "ditto" strategy to what the VOC and the BEIC had been doing, allying with rival powers to expand their empire. In his case, sultan Nuku allied with Britain against the Dutch.
How do you trace your ancestors?
With many moluccans in the british army
dude found about his ancestor in 1801 and i cant find anything about my families prior to 1930 ☠☠
Great video keep it up you're doing amazing things 😁👍
20:46 "Corsican artilery officer problem" 😂😂 I was on the floor
*officer shaped 🤣
Damn, that "average-height" Corsican guy really made a mess there
I'm definitely on board for more videos on Indonesian history! It's on pace to become an economic juggernaut in the next few decades, so definitely a country we in the West need to become better acquainted with. It's just a fascinating place, anyway, a country made up of thousands of tropical islands, a Muslim state in mainly Hindu or Buddhist southeast Asia. It's very unique.
Thanks for the good video
This video would serve greatly in the classroom of Indonesian students. Growing up, I lack the detail offered by this video. For example, the explanation of V.O.C. downfall is only or even solely attributed to internal company corruption. Which set the tone to justify today's rampant corruption in Indonesia.
I hope you give Indonesia's nation building history justice in future video. Yes, the V.O.C. and Netherlands unite these various Nusantara Kingdoms under the Dutch East Indies. But even then, the notion that all "native" people in the Dutch East Indies are of one nation is due to the effort of many Indonesian scholars and powerful figures of that era. They did conferences, used mails, newspapers, and radios, all to create a sense of unity as a nation.
I put native in parenthesis because there's still debate on whether Chinese-descendants and Papuans are part of that Indonesian nation building. Personally, I think they are, and some have rediscover for example the role of Chinese-Indonesians had in several of the rebellion or war against Dutch. There was also a massacre in Batavia aimed at Chinese-Indonesians. I hope your research will do you justice to expose these facts.
The Dutch even appointed a Kapitan Cina to be in charge of the local Chinese communities. Similar appointments existed for the Arab and Indian communities
our founding fathers accepts chinese, arabs, indians, even dutch people as long as they have the same spirit to free indonesia from colonialism.
anyway, indonesia as a nation (instead of ethnics as a nation like in europe) occurs naturally in indonesia since early 20th. its not forced.
The War of American Independence was brutal for its participants. England were ganged up by France, Dutch, and Spain in addition to the colonist rebels. In the end, England lost their 13 colonies, France went bankrupt (the cause of French Revolution several years later), Dutch or VOC was irrecoverably wrecked, and only Spain gained some territory from England. And of course, the rebels won.
@@rizkyadiyanto7922 Hmmm .. (looking at Aceh) ... (looking at Papua) ... (looking at South Molucca) ... (looking at East Timor) ... yup, not forced. Not forced indeed.
What happened to the map at the start? The more I look the worse it gets haha (particularly regarding Europe).
the location of Amsterdam...
@@paulkruger5456 Turns out Rotterdam is the real capital of the Netherlands :)
It wasn't a map of modern-day Europe if that's what you were thinking.
@@guyman1570 It's meant to be as it has all the current day countries represented. Look at Eastern Europe and the Balkans. It's the boarders that all all wrong
@@guyman1570 0:07 what year is this then?
Dziękujemy.
At 20:31. Well, the spice craze in Europe didn’t “come and go.” The VOC’s spice monopoly collapsed because, alas, tropical plants can grow in other tropical places. So throughout the late 1600s and 1700s, crafty British and French traders smuggled out spice plants from these VOC-owned islands. Suddenly nutmeg was being grown in British and French Caribbean colonies, along with pepper, cloves and cinnamon. Even Indian Ocean islands like Mauritius and Sri Lanka became home to large spice plantations owned by the British and French. These new sources of spices produced so many spices that by 1750 the price of spices sold in Europe had collapsed. And with the collapse of spice prices came the bankruptcy of the VOC by 1799.
Dutchmen have a unique ability where their power level and aggression skyrockets in the presence of spices, becoming more beast than man. Indonesia never had a chance I’m afraid
Certain Leopold of Belgium would disagree.
in 1940, their levels of aggression vanished.
@@piotrswat169 Note that how much DRC and Indonesia had in common along their histories. Way too many parallels.
@@mito88 Really?
@@mito88not really familiar with 1940s Dutch history are we?
Probably freaked the Indonesians out with how tall they are, them Dutch fellas.
At that time they would have been more freaked out about the height of the Portugese than the dutch
Backtime before, dutch had average tall same with native 165 cm on average.
Funnily enough the Dutch where smaller than most Europeans till 1850s
European didn't get tall until late 19th century. Even Napoleon's 167cm was actually considered tall among his peers (the part about him being short was English propaganda who used different measurement that translated into 155 cm).
Yeah also considering indonesians are the shortest people😂
Love to our Indonesian brother and sisters 🇳🇱❤🇮🇩
We don't love you
@@Rain_Azurawe don't like Arabs either.
❤
I don't surprise seeing Indonesian treated Dutch as good guys and never doing bad things in your country after faking history and adopt propaganda as your history.
-Backstabbing japanese after faking history and adopt propaganda after they liberate your country from dutch.
- Treating Dutch as "good guys" and hero of Indonesia after enslave, farming resources/money, massacre, rape, etc.
- Never acknowledge Dutch-Indonesian War when Indonesian also japanese after ww2 ended sacrifice for independent over 800,000 and won the war.
@@davidivory3234why?😂😂
awesome video. I'm always interested in knowing more about Nusantara; ever since I saw the islands in the world map as a teenager and had no idea of what was there.
The Dutch have been colonizing Indonesia for 350 years. He killed and tortured local people who did not submit to him, stole spices, was forcibly hired and other crimes. Grateful now that Indonesia is independent and now the Indonesian state has become more resilient from it .
Actually, as this video story, the dutch collonialization of Indonesian Island started after 1824, the full Netherland East Indies started around 1917 after Acheh and Batakland subdued.
So the colonialization is arround 120 to 30 years only, not 350.
VOC only secure monopoly rights of spice trade, not really colonize the island.
Not to forget : the hundreds of thousands of Balines who were slaughtered by the Dutch, completely devastating the once culturally important Bali kingdoms, and impoverishing them
Love from Aruba 🇦🇼 (Dutch Caribbean) to Indonesia 🇮🇩 and its people 🤝.
we are cousins in Dutch colonization then 🤣
@@elifardianto Well yea 😂. Luckily Aruba was too dry for big plantations so we were mostly spared from slavery (thats also why most Arubans today are mixed instead of black). But Curaçao and the other islands were not so lucky. The Dutch did steal all of our gold though.
Today Aruba is a constituent country within The Netherlands kingdom. So we function as an independent country inside of NL.
I never heard such county name Aruba before.. but greetings from Indonesia..
@@yudiarsyad1822 Well we are a very small island (only 200 km), we are just off the coast of Venezuela. Indonesian food is loved here on Aruba and there are a couple Indonesians (mostly Javanese) living here on Aruba. Greetings to you too 🤝.
@@Diwie8well I guess we connected people 🤣. Sorry for the awful joke. What we did back then was horrible to both nations. Love Aruba though and Indonesia (although I've not seen much of it yet, just been at the airport a couple of times in Bali and Jakarta)
Great video!
Thank you for this short yet comprehensive narrative of the Indonesian history.
Thank you so much on doing a video on my country! I'm a massive fan of you guys, so this is a match made in heaven for me!
Do you think you could ever do a video on The Netherlands during more medevial times? The Netherlands has a very interesting history!
Very informative❤
Love how your spell Sultan Agung like a fluent Malayan/Indonesian languange speaker. Not by spell it like an English Speaker.
0:15 those must be the wonkiest borders I have ever seen did the AI draw the map?
Cool video!
Helle KingsandGenerals, it seems that in the first couple of seconds of the video, the capital of the Netherlands is misplaced. The dot that locates Amsterdam is where Rotterdam would be. Amsterdam is located higher in the country, just underneath that 'inward lake'.
Yep, we had a layer mistake. Apologies.
Amazing information as usual, i would advise to spend more time on checking for errors, as in the beginning of the videoyou clearly meant to write "size/area" but wrote "large", as if that single part was badly translated by AI ; P
22:03 Klungkung Kingdom one of the small kingdoms in the Bali Island,but they won to the Dutch East Indies before in Kusamba War or Third Balinese War, renowned for its leading person in war, Dewa Agung Istri Kanya nickname Iron Lady
21:20 Just a minor correction on the map, after The Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824 the Johor-Riau Sultanate is divided into Johor Sultanate under the British rules, and the Riau-Lingga Sultanate under the Dutch rules, thus resulting in the Riau islands fell into Dutch rules (the map shown in the video it's on British rules which is incorrect).
Petanya banyak yang kacau, banten saja gak sampai semua jawa barat, malah lebih ke mataram
Thanks for the video & information
EPIC CONTENT!
my grandma when still alive told me that, when the Dutch colonialized, it did not feel like colonialized. everything is working normally. She’s working as a teacher at the Colomandu factory. colonialized felt strong when the Japanese came.
Opscheppen?! Wat je hier beweert is NIET waar!
@@ob5023 lu tanya aja nenek gue kalau nggak percaya. kalau perlu gue anterin ke kuburannya. puas puasin nanya dah.
wow you cant just ask actual indonesians who experienced those days about how life was really way, thats not politically correct hold it right there
@@ohhi5237 yes. I know that. My grandma is in the middle class in Indonesia. I understand that not all Indonesian people can reach that position.
the highest class still Europeans. second class China/Arab/japan. third class priyayi (local elite/blue blood). which is my grandma's position. and last, pribumi (local people in common). pribumi is at the bottom of this class. it shows up in the class when you take a train. but the most surfer indo child. which is a mixed race between Pribumi and Europeans. They weren't accepted into either of the classes.
and I understand before political ethics, Indonesians didn't get this privilege. but after political ethics, Indonesians have a chance via education.
I've heard once that the main reason it didn't quite feel like colonization was due to the fact that we didn't push our culture and language on the Indonesian people. Gouvernors and officers were taught malay Indonesia because we deemed it more efficient then trying to teach Dutch to all of Indonesia.
Texel is pronounced "Tessel". The x in Texel is a super archaic Dutch way to write a hard S sound.
☠☠☠☠
Interesting to note that the video is released within the vicinity of Indonesia's Independence Day on 17 August. Would like to see how you may cover the history of the rest of the Nusantara - notably 2 of the nations where this region covers also observe their independence day in the month of August (Singapore on 9 August; Malaysia on 31 August). Also, a belated Happy Independence Day to Sarawak (22 July), and the history of a White Rajah in that region is probably more content for the team.
For anyone interested in dutch colonial rule in 19th century indonesia, Multatuli's "max havelaar" is a very good read. It is a first-hand satirical account that's critical of colonial policy but doesn't oppose it. It's author is considered to be one of the most important dutch writers of all time.
Fantastic video! The early colonial era and spice trade are rarely covered in such depth and detail.
Trading Manhattan was easily such a huge move
The English lost it in an expensive war anyway, when they were already broke
The Dutch swindled the hell out of the Crown in that single deal
Its not like the English had much choice. They lost the second Anglo-Dutch War
Thank you. I was born there of French, Dutch and Indo ancestry. Lived in the Netherlands and now the USA
🤔 I can’t categorize this 😂
A gov-general (J.P. Coen) was more like a VOC CEO, who would be put in charge by the board to do their bidding. The "Gentlemen 17" were actually in charge which is like a board of directors. Which is usually how it works in corporations.
indonesia, based on the multiple videos i keep seeing lately seems to be a yugoslavia type deal. a very influential dude gathered together many various ethnic groups under one banner because the alternative was being a colony/under subjucation of a major power. only time wil ltell if they will break apart into it's constituent pieces at some point.
Insya Allah Indonesia will always be a part of nation. We had our way to discussed our problems.
Brilliant. Viewed many other videos and read up on the spices thanks to this masterclass. Brava and kudos.
“BRILLIANT” again! Aren’t You Tired? “Brilliant” is overused! More than a cliche! Like FLOGGING A DEAD HORSE!
Is this members only video or it will be made public? From Malaysia
Yep, this one is public
goed gezegd kings and generals :) you did say voc well greetings from the netherlands.
Thank you for making a video about this topic!
You're welcome
Good video, as always
Thanks for this. The VOC is an excellent case study in the behaviour of corporations when completely free of regulation. The span of time involved boggles the mind.
7:12 "hereforto"? Did you just confuse the synonyms heretofore and hitherto, combining them into a neologism?
Fun fact: did you know that the Dutch hired a couple hundred Samurai mercenaries to enforce their rule in South East Asia during the 16th-early 18th century.
Ya saya tau, samurai buangan
0:06 Vienna and Budapest is Slavic once again, hell yeah! Let just rename them Vienna to Beč/Becz. Budapest would be more problematic to rename, but maybe Pieczara Budziwoja (not sure how to translate Pieczara to Slovak)? xD
For real that map was horrible
Great video
I'm sure that some pedant has already noted that December 31, 1780 was actually the last year of the 18th century. By the accepted Western calendar at the time, anyway.
I wish if you could make a video about the Indianization of Indonesia.
Indianization?
@@dann8529 What he mean probably the change from local religion (Animistic) to Hindu and Budhist era.
@@miokaya4595 didn't they kinda already do that with the Majapahit video?
something strange with the German Border at the start of this video and so as Romania
Famous malay proverb “Belanda meminta tanah” means the dutch request the land is popular until today,
Very good video, love from Indonesia 🇮🇩
0:40 love your videos man honestly but that is the goofiest world map ive ever seen