The Creation of Lebanon After The First World War (Full Documentary)
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 25 ก.ย. 2020
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In the summer of 1920 it became clear that the many different voices and local opinions on the future of the former Ottoman provinces were going to be mostly ignored. France and Britain had their own ideas for the new mandate states in the region.
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» SOURCES
Sicker, Martin. The Middle East in the Twentieth Century (Greenwood Publishing, 2001)
Gontaut-Biron, Roger. Comment la France s'est installée en Syrie (Paris: Plon, 1922). archive.org/details/commentla...
Cornwallis, K. Notes on the Middle-East No.4. 1920. File 756/1917 Pt 2-3 ‘ARAB BULLETIN Nos 66-114’ [374r] (756/834), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/658.
Miller, David Hunter. My Diary. At the Conference of Paris. Vol 4. (New York, 1924). archive.org/details/MyDiaryAt...
D’Andurain, J. “Gouraud, Henri” in: 1914-1918-online. International Encyclopedia of the First World War, ed. by Ute Daniel, Peter Gatrell, Oliver Janz, Heather Jones, Jennifer Keene, Alan Kramer, and
Bill Nasson, issued by Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 2014-10-08. DOI: 10.15463/ie1418.10303.
URL: encyclopedia.1914-1918-online...
Naamany, B. A hundred years since Sykes-Picot, maps' reading. General Secretariat of the Arab League. Tunis. Tunisia. 2018. URL: nna-leb.gov.lb/en/show-news/98...
Meouchy, N. "Les temps et les territoires de la révolte du Nord (1919-1921).” In: Alep et ses territoires: Fabrique et politique d’une ville (1868-2011). (Beyrouth - Damas: Presses de l’Ifpo, 2014).
Raymond, André. “III - La Syrie, du Royaume arabe à l’indépendance (1914-1946)”. In La Syrie d’aujourd’hui. Aix-en-Provence: Institut de recherches et d’études sur les mondes arabes et musulmans, 1980. (pp. 55-85)
Kouyoumdjian, O. Le Liban à la veille et au début de la Grande Guerre: Mémoires d'un gouverneur, 1913-1915. Revue D'histoire Arménienne Contemporaine. Paris: Centre d'histoire arménienne contemporaine. 2003.
Government of New Zealand, Ministry for Culture and Heritage. “Anzac troops take revenge on Arab civilians at Surafend” nzhistory.govt.nz/page/anzac-....
Ministère de la Guerre. Etat-major des armées. Service historique. Les armées françaises dans la Grande guerre. Tome IX. 9, 1, ANNEXES. Imprimerie Nationale. Paris. France. 1935.
Australian Imperial Force unit war diaries. 1914-1918 War. Light Horse. Item number: 10/3/47. Title : 3rd Australian Light Horse Brigade. December 1918. AWM4 Class 10 - Light Horse. www.awm.gov.au/collection/C13...
» OTHER PROJECTS
16 DAYS IN BERLIN: realtimehistory.net/pages/16-...
»CREDITS
Presented by: Jesse Alexander
Written by: Jesse Alexander
Director: Toni Steller & Florian Wittig
Director of Photography: Toni Steller
Sound: Toni Steller
Editing: Toni Steller
Motion Design: Philipp Appelt
Mixing, Mastering & Sound Design: above-zero.com
Maps: Daniel Kogosov ( / zalezsky )
Research by: Rabih Rached, Jesse Alexander
Map Consultant: David Baz
Fact checking: Florian Wittig
Channel Design: Alexander Clark
Original Logo: David van Stephold
Contains licensed material by getty images
All rights reserved - Real Time History GmbH 2020
And with the signing of the agreement, everyone lived happily ever after.
Was just about to say the same thing 🤣
😥
I think you meant: happily NEVER after...
Or do they?
agreement or not, the M.E. would still be problem
Hahahaha
Britain and france: we're sure that all this will not result in an entire century of political instability
Don't worry we USA will be your enforcer so they will hate us instead of you.
@martin corderoy it not leaving but staying after
@martin corderoy the French and British troops left Lebanon in 1946.
@martin corderoy there was an Arab national movement to unite all the arabs lands but that was against the colonial forces wish.
Much of the middle east and the world was better under European imperial rule. Islam and communism is 40% of humanity. Also slavery is back.
I can’t see how this could go wrong
"The Allies' Plans For The Middle East Go Wrong"
An interesting but rather ambiguous name, there have been so many civil wars: Russian, Lebanese, Spanish, English (both of them), Chinese, American, the current Syrian Civil War and the Romans and Byzantines had dozens more.
@@ForelliBoy que always sunny theme
@@Dave_Sissondid you see his channel and choose to smugly comment about a fact that isn’t lost on anyone?
@@SecNotSureSir No I haven't seen his channel, thus my question about the rather ambiguous name.
UK and France: Don't worry. Our division of former Ottoman lands definitely won't result in instability that will last for more than 100 years.
U.K. and France had territory in the African and Pacific theaters at the time. It even existed during the crusades during 1000 years due to religious wars. This is what I gathered from the text books and video games.
Yeah because the creation of Israel didn't also help contribute to that.
Colonial powers be like "oops here I go destabilizing regions again 🤷🏼♂️"
It’s ironic since Jordan was not governed at the time and was in a state of anarchy. The British didn’t feel like going out there nor did the Hashemites.
@@mangonel It is only a matter of time before Jordan becomes like Syria, Iraq, Yemen and Libya
Great history lesson. Not a single word about this i school. Yet, this had such huge impact in the region (and later, western europe).
Indeed, I regularly listen to Middle East podcasts and I had no idea how these divisions began...
We go trough this in swedish school the partition of the middle east during this time, had huge impact on conflicts later on, many of the powers drew borders specifically so to cause internal yension to prevent them from unifying against the colonial powers.
I have no idea what they teaching in public school history today but I learned about Sykes-Picot in 11th grade world history. School curriculum has seen an on-going dumbing down for at least 35 years.
Exactly
@@yrobtsvt bcoz WAHABBISM will never talk about their history today. They have to glorify Saudi family and defame turkey
My Lebanese supplier once told me a joke. "Did you know that Adam and Eve were Lebanese? They were poor, hungry, didn't have even proper clothes, yet they believed they live in a paradise."
he aint wrong
Bruh that joke is so real that it became truth
Shame
lebanon is a paradise but with a corrupted government
@@migk988 that the people don't do anything about
In early 1919, Italian PM Orlando met with Vittorio Emanuele III before leaving for Versailles. The King asked him if he intended to challenge Sykes-Picot at all. Orlando shook his head and replied, "There's a reason that the Old Romans left, Majesty- too many problems there". How right he was.
Lol like the most crime and mafia infested country on earth were not just born innate criminals, definitely need their opinion lol
It's a fitting comment for what Orlando sees there in 1919. But the actual Romans didn't leave, they were swept out by an Arab conquest in 634. -- Most of the population remained and converted, so presumably a lot of (eastern) Roman ancestry is still there.
Inaccurate video. There's no mention that we Lebanese are completely different from the so-called Arab world. Political correctness I suppose. There's a reason Pan Arabism didn't happen, and that reason was us. We aren't Arabs. This video is incredibly poor quality as it doesn't highlight these central facts.
@@aag3752true
@@nicholasevangelos5443arab not romain People the semitic DNA indegenous People the meeddlle east
Last time I was this early, the Ottomans were pushing for Vienna.
THEN THE WINGED HUSSARS ARRIVED!
That was the 18th century because of expansions of territories and wealth. Ottomans were building an empire and Austria just broke from the Holy Roman Empire and was building as well.
@@michaelaburns734 that was the point of my joke. :)
@@da_gonozal6754 I think he was replying to me; although I am well aware of the history.
@Snoopdog Ummm.....
people keep saying the middle east (or the balkans) is always a mess while it is just an area that had a power vacuum due to the collapse of a former empire like anytime in history, the only difference is that instead of one conflict solving the issue and giving birth to a new dominating power in the region the new "global system" ushered by the victorious powers of the great war did not allow the creation of such a force, and thus kept the region divided and always on the verge of collapse.
Are you really that desperate to be conquered by Israel?
Lol, I did not really state my own position from that global system (just pointing out that people shouldn't be surprised of its outcomes and blame it on the region's people themselves),
If I would criticize such a system I might do it on the basis that I don't believe that the great powers who created it have the right to intervene in all these countries (but would need to search on its effect world wide before issuing my final judgement)
your statements could branch to other topics like "is israel the natural force that could unite the region incase the global system did not exist" or "were the moving parts of the system biased to the arabs more than israel"
and I am relatively sure (from your statement) that I wouldn't agree with you anyway at the end.
The middle east is a mess because of islamic fundamentalism/terrorism.
@@rogerjohnson2562
Greetings,
If this was a simple statement then eventhough I would agree it is one of its many problems today, but no it is not "the reason"; we can argue it is more of a product of the pase mess / messes.
Check the 50s for example, most of the promenent political powers in the middle east were either secular nationalists or left leaning parties (or maybe both like Nasir :v), was the middle east less messy at that time? Absolutely no. (Check the first lebanese civil war)
Trying to reduce all the negative aspects of a society into a single cause is under-estimation for the way history progresses
Earlier colonizers lasted long enough such that they have changed local language culture and religion.
I am honored and pleased to work with you TGW crew, especially Flo and Jesse, and I feel grateful because your channel gave me the opportunity to tell the story of my country in front of a world based audience by sharing with you my research and contributing to the writing of the draft of the script. A dream come true! Last, I & all Lebanese fans appreciate your wishes for wellness in the midst of the current political-economical crisis in our country at 28:18. Keep up the great work. Big cheers to you!
Thank you for your commitment, Rabih.
Great work, Rabih! On a separate note, is it true that after the Beirut explosion this year, tens of thousands of Lebanese signed a petition for France to become a protector of Lebanon?
@@Darwinek ? They asked president Macron, yes. I have no knowledge about but I think it might be true, ridiculous but true.
Shukran Rabih!
Merci thank you chukran im lebanese too
When youtube is a better history teacher than the US education system..
A chewed piece of gum is better than US education. Its only purpose it to produce a working class.
@@armyofninjas9055 , amen
Even better than lebanese education system 😂
People, the US education on history is to keep supporting its WS agenda.
@@armyofninjas9055 💀💀💀 tru tho 😭😭😭
It's so cool how you make half an hour long videos that are actually interesting
Amazing video as always! Thank you for shedding light in great details on this part of my country's history.
I had always wondered what had happened to the forests of Lebanon, now I know, they were all cut down a hundred years ago :(
Some of them were cut by the ottomans so they can use this wood for cold winter
(Still Lebanon is forest everywhere very greeny compared to it's neighborhoods
@@elaceaceak2357 who are ottomans?
@@JohnWick-vb9pc google it
@@JohnWick-vb9pc The stool that you can rest your feet when you are tired... LOL
Ottomans were the muslim empire from 1299 to 1922, a multiethnic empire with the Osman Turk Sultan in the center of the empire.
Turks
Amazing, detailed, and impartial account of events that forged the middle east 100 years ago, and what triggered many of the disasters afflicting the region today. I take my hat off to you.
You mean the region was peaceful before that.
Brother, what a mess! My head's hurting and I'm not quite halfway yet.
If Lebanon was smart they would become friends with Israel!It could save their economy.
It’s not impartial
Nice vid my great gran father was born in 1890 wedi chahrour Lebanon 🇱🇧
I just want to thank the great war for all the great content over the years as a maronite catholic myself it was really hard to find out the history of my people it’s nice that you can use this video as a framework
Why don’t Maronites like using names like Charbel, Boutros or even Boulos. Putting aside Arabic ones. Because they want to put aside all there Maronite identity. I’ve got an Arabic name and people like myself have held onto our customs, traditions, culture and language. That is what makes our identity
A lot of blind faith in our community new generation should do more in looking into their history and also learning Arabic so that they will be able to read certain scripture describing or narrating the life and faith of the maronites
Shame on you !
Lebanon was mentioned 71 times in the Bible so no one create it review the history
Yes millions of people died so you can be entertained what a stupid comment
Thank you for this great video about my country, its sooo much more interesting than what I had learnt in school 💯
Vital background information. I shall be rewatching this from time to time.
my great grandparents are from lebanon. and i’m curious about their history. what is now my history! this was wonderful !
no offense but in this video genocides was mentioned, famines that killed 1/3 of the entire population what makes it wonderful? its pretty sad lebanon is a beautiful country but they had it pretty rough the last century
@@homersimpson6585 are you a princess
Same as me my great grandfather was born there in 1890
I'm 100% lebanese baby! check out the stache
You want to know your history, you have to look at unbiased work, not this garbage. Lebanon starts at the time of the Phoenicians. And continues to this day, with its inhabitants being NOT Arabs, but simply Lebanese. Anyone who doesn't understand this will never understand Lebanese people.
Thank you for what you do, we need more like you! Much Love!
Thank you for the dedication To teaching history. Appreciated!
As a Norwegian, I think we tend to be very sensitive toward other people and cultures and for that reason, I’d would start by seeing that your title is misleading: it should be : the creation of Greater Lebanon, for that Lebanon is one of the most ancient nations in humanity, known as ancient Phoenicia, the land that gave us the Alphabet and it’s the birthplace of Europe, after all Europe or’ Erp’ in Aramaic ( the language spoken by the Phoenicians was Aramaic) was a Phoenician princess. They founded Carthage and the people of Tyre founded half of the Mediterranean cities in Cypress, Spain, Portugal, Italy, Malta up to Antibes ( a Phoenician name and Marseille... they weren’t only limited to the Eastern Mediterranean.. so Lebanon’s history, just with the ancient city of Byblos, it spans a history of more than ten thousand years.. it’s considered as the cradle of civilization along with ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia and Assyria..
As a Norwegian, you have a lot to say 3000 miles away from Middle East.Certainly you diluted history in a very generalized way, The modern historians also put their prejudicial punctuations. All humanity contribute more or less into our modern world.And if you ask Americans they will tell you that just in 250 years invented Democracy and civilization.
@@antoniosdimoulas3566 spot on. The original commentator is a moron that just spewed some garbage. Trying to detach Lebanon from the rest of the Middle East, just like how the colonists were doing a 100 years ago
Well said Sir, hugely impressed with your knowledge of true Lebanese history and geography 🙏🏻
@@ahmadz81 Go back to school and learn real history, or as I Muslim yourself,you believe in the Holy Bible, read it and soon you will find out where Phoenicians come from
@@ahmadz81 not much is know about the Phonecians but genetic studies were done and there is a distinct genetic marker for those people in Lebanon which represents roughly 30% of the population and largely coastal. The genetics uncovered bring those Phonecian people in close relation to the people of Mesopotamia… also that genetic marker is found very highly in the Caucuses mountains today (Georgia, Armenia and Chechnya). So one would infer from those data that the Phoenicians are a population that is related to the Caucuses mountains populations of today. In fact, the Arabs of the Arabian peninsula also have roots in the Caucuses mountains with migrations from that region 7,000 years ago. There’s no need to ascribe a fake gaslight narrative around the Phonecians. There is ample evidence for their origin. At the same time, Phonecians weren’t exactly a people with a singular origin. In fact they were a nation that probably had a diverse population made up of people with different ethnic backgrounds that were United by culture and commerce moreso than genetic lineage.
Thanks for covering this underrated part of history
Great episode as always!
The picture at 19:35 is from Pera street, Istanbul and not Lebanon, though.
Was about to comment on this as well, nice catch
Amazing video content on the history of Lebanon. You highlighted The Competition and influence of France, and Great Britain in the Middle East. Greetings from Europe.
Fascinating! I was unaware of these details you provided.
Superb research and presentation as usual thanks for the hard work and dedication
Great Video. My great grandparents immigrated to the U.S from Lebanon in 1913.
I can tell, they were Maronites from Mount Lebanon, I know a lot of Kfoury but I dont know why there Kfourys and Khourys
Great historic detail. Thank you.
Beautiful photography with great narrative delivered by a real human being (who pronounces words correctly!). Thank you so much!
Silk was not introduced to Mount Lebanon by the French, rather it was introduced during the reign of Fakreddin Ma'an in the 17th century.
Way before then buddy. Go search the silk road
@@alexhage8092 of course silk was present in Lebanon way before, but in 17th century with Fakhreddin came large scale production. So than for the advise.
The video says the French introduced silk worm farming NOT they introduced silk
@@mrobserver474 OK
Silk was originally made in China and in India. Indian silk was special and of superior quality.
Faisal's pet leopard looks like it knows this is going to end badly.
Fahad means Leopard
Thank you 🙏 for your excellent succinct informative and flawless video 👍❤️💪..it should replace boring soulless history classes everywhere.
Thank you!
Great video. Thanks. More of this please!
I am becoming such a fan of your videos. I am joining curiosity stream
Bravo, and thank you for this excellent documentary.
Beg to differ...its an inaccurate doc
Great video and quality content.
Very informative. Thanks for teaching us the past history of Lebanon
Interesting. My best friends are Lebanese, at least that's how they would describe themselves. Their grandparents, who emigrated to the U.S. during the troubled times spelled out here never saw themselves as Lebanese. If anything, when asked, they would say they were Assyrian's. In reality, they were Chaldean's, a Christian sect who were being squeezed by all sides at that time. My friends were raised in the Roman Catholic tradition, same as me, but their grandparents saw themselves as aligned with, but not part of, the Vatican Papacy. And that was their real allegiance,. They saw themselves in cultural, not nationalistic terms and never felt a close bond to Lebanon as a nation-state. They would always simply refer to it as the old country and they said it with a tinge of sadness because none of the family ever returned.
The story of Lebanon is tragic. It's creation was not thought out properly and the idea that France would protect Christian minorities fell flat. One of the tragedies of drawing arbitrary lines based on old maps is that it has put Lebanon smack dab in the middle of hostile powers and as they go to war to with each other they tend to use the place as a highway. It suffers the same type of problems based on geography that Poland has traditionally endured. I think I would have like to have seen it as it was before WWI. From the stories I heard as a child it was a beautiful region with lots of tress and while there was tension, people mostly got along.
Sykes-Picot strikes again. A curse on that fowl agreement between gentlemen.
I never thought of comparing Lebanon to Poland, but I definitely see it. I am Lebanese, my family is, and has been. It hurts me what our country has been through, and continues to go through. So much of the conflict is based on religion, it is ironic that religious protection was the original goal. Sigh...
no dont mistake it, i am a lebanese assyrian, we have a lebanese nationality, well a small part of us do, is because we the massacre of 1933 in simele in assyria which led to the loss of our land to the kurds. the other lebanese including christians are arabs.
Did the Kurds massacre you assyrians? I don't know enough about this history and this is the first of Lebanon I've explored. It always struck me as odd that the Kurds weren't given a state especially after the overthrow of Saddam. I'm inferring the Kurdish were a warring Force against the Assyrians at that time?
my friend, the kurds deserve a land and have a homeland, its in iran but they cannot topple the iranian goverment, anyways, in 1915 1 million assyrians died on the hands of the ottomans, after that the massacre of simele happened 1933 and thats where we lost our lands to the kurds, the kurds pushed by the ottomans and the iraqi kingdom at the time to commit a genocide of the assryians of all faiths,some children were able to escape to syria and lebanon and thats why we are more than 8mil across the globe, after sadam left we were treated worse, isis commited a massacre in 2014 and now the kurds are using force to steal lands, what left that is@@GreenCanvasInteriorscape
so the kurds do have a homeland but it aint the kurdistan of today@@GreenCanvasInteriorscape
Interestingly, TH-cam had to cut the money given to creators from ads tehn they increased the number of ads per video.
Besides the begining and ending ads, it was also interrupted twice for ads. Before the adpocalypse, you only had begining ads.
Ads are paying less per ad after the adpocalypse. Then enters covid which has further reduced what they pay with many businesses cutting back on ads.
I specifically boycott any advertiser that interrupts a video I'm watching. They can pay to lose money.
Well America runs TH-cam and they're obsessed with money and shoving as many ads in our faces they can possibly get away with . The only problem is none of these ads are getting any products sold because they're so annoying
I am currently researching the whole Israel palistine thing, when I came across your video, I always knew that Lebanon was a part of this but I never knew why, now I do. Middle East history is vary complex from what I'm learning, I just wish some people on this would would seek out objective facts instead of half truths and propaganda as history. Thank you for your efforst and I definitely will be checking out your other site.
i agree
Please please fact check every TH-camr
The video is misleading. Not all what is said is true. First, we don’t have any desert in Lebanon meaning we are not bedouins. Second, We were farmers in history. Third, We have Arabic language but we are not Arabs. Fourth, We are semetic so dont be antisemetic
Infact your statements are misleading, half of the area of Lebanon, the eastern hills and valleys except AL-Bika 'a is a semi-desert area! The Bedouins are living there, and they are basic component of Lebanese society, and Arabs like you and semitic like you as you said. You are NOT Arabs??!! What is a puzzle is that? @@ronaldoazzam
@@adnanbaker4663 give me a reference for what you are saying. Anyway when you say semi means it is not a desert. When a piece of land which is semi desert as u are saying have snows falling on it, then it is not a desert. Deserts have camels. Lebanon never had Lebanese bedouins. They were farmers. If you want to say we have syrian bedouins then those are the ones fleeing the syrian war. Thousands are coming to lebanon as refugees and no one can stop them. This is a conspiracy. Anyway this is not a debate. The video is misleading.
An informative and spellbinding lecture. Thank you.
7:50 "decimated" seems to be an understatement!!
This is the time when many Lebanese and Syrians immigrated to north and South America
why?
Starting at 1850.
Yet there are Americans think Middle Eastern communities are recent, versus them being here for centuries.
Correction: Who think.
I am so thrilled that I have found this channel! So much unbiased detailed information about the origins of the modern world! ❤
how did you come to such conclusion ?? is it because it satisfies your ego ??? nothing in what was mentioned in this documentary is true ??? the writer unfortunately Lebanese as many lebanese who always dreamt to link Lebanon to syria is just faking ?? Lebanon is much older than syria . and whoever considers Lebanon as a fake state that has been splitted from syria , has to tell when did it happen in all of lebanon's history that lebanese were known as syrians ?? it never happened ..
Sikes Picot , returned to Lebanon the 4 cazas that thr ottomans have splitted and annexed them to damascus in order to weaken lebanese resistance ... unbelievable how bad the world is and how fast lies run
Im so grateful my friend todl me about your channel
This is my second viewing of this video. I still see that there were many points missing that were important and deserved a pause to explain, rather than mentioning them so casually.
My great grand father was forced into the Ottoman Army (safarbarlik)... He survived tho. 😌
@@alpex2541 ik but the turks were cruel with non-turks. Besides, jokes on them Arabs deserted and joined the revolution with their arms 😂
Same for my great grandfather... unfortunately for him, he didn't survive but died in Jerusalem against the Anzac forces, possibly in 1917
@@rabihrac oof rip sorry for that the Ottoman were really cruel... Mine was then forced into the French Mandate forces... Survived again... Died 1993 knowing 3 different rulers for the country. Mr Worldwide.
@@justanotherfrenchie This is so unfair! So he didn't enjoy the freedom from the Ottomans then the French took him back to enroll in their army?!
@@icemanire5467 I am ready to reply to anybody provided the opinion or question is expressed with politeness and respect; and by the way, History is a scientific field that provides adequate answers to all truth seekers.
Respectfully but your title should’ve been ‘The creation of Greater Lebanon’ since our country is a land of one of the oldest civilizations in history and as a Muslim I’m fully aware that its name is mentioned in the bible +70 times. Byblos, Beirut, Sidon and Sour are ones of the oldest cities in the world. Other than that thank you for this documentary it was unbiased and informative
Lebanon is a new creation only 100 yrs old it was a small province call mount Lebanon of Syria
correct. We're old as water as a nation and a people. And we're not Arabs either. We're simply Lebanese.
@@user-mj9el5ji4dif Lebanon is a small province of Syria then this would make Syria a small province of Türkiye. Please project your inferiority complex some where else
@@aag3752r7bbish mate
The tanukhid lived in this land
If you are not arab what is your tribe ?clan ?languese
You see roman sperm speak for yourself
Great work, keep it up
Fantastic video Jesse. The details of the horse trading are amazing.
Thanks!
Hi guys. I got hooked with the deforestation stuff in Lebanon. Wpuld you mind to tell me which was your reference there? Thanks a lot!!
Hi José. Thank you for your interest. I will give you the references from which I took this piece of info
Any update yet? Also, thanks for creating such a well detailed video. I just subscribed.
As a child my father used tell these stories but as a five years old innocent child I believed that these were scary fantastic tales that excited my imagination.
Excellent presentation. Thank you.
Extremely well researched documentary. Bravo!
A lot of the old videos are of Damascus rather than Lebanon. Most are visibly and clearly the Umayyad Mosque and the old Eastern Gate of Damascus.
the years after World War I were just complete chaos
You amaze me. How do you keep track of all those complicated events?
Amazing documentary and love the old movies and pictures. From NZ
Lebanon - I'm sure nothing bad will ever happen there.
Mount Lebanon did not come into being in 1861, it's only the new system of Mutasarrifiya. It was already semi autonomous before that.
There are many inaccuracies in the video..its amazing how ppl think its an excellent video
Your am amazing historian teacher am leaning some much ...I sincerely appreciate your hard work in bring this unbiased truth...thank you...from Jamaica
Great video and great channel!
There is a saying "If you see two fish fighting in the river, a European must have passed by"
Imagine the huge improvement in the STANDARD OF LIVING in the Middle East if there was NO more fighting and chaos.
You’d have to get rid of Islam
They can’t do it. They hate anyone who is not like them. It has been taught to every generation from the time they can understand. They also have generations who have known nothing else but war. It is the same in Afghanistan and Iraq. They have grown up knowing nothing but war.
@@BIGGOODBOY Islam is not at fault but person like you are.
Thanks alot it is really wonderful explanation
wish to get more
Amazing stuff, subbed.
Be sure we are praying forLebanon and the entire MiddleEast. Peace in the Middle East will surely impact the world positively. Love from Nigeria❤❤
Last time I was this early, the Arabs still believed in getting their independence after the war.
Not happening anytime soon. 😁😇
Thanks for providing sources.
This channel just gets better and better!
Wow! The comments regarding this video are as wide, varied, and devisive as the video on the history of Lebanon itself, which only proves that there is a lot more to this story than is being told.
Regardless, the contributions of the Lebanese people to the advance of modern civilization is impressive, but so is the destruction they have endured throughout all of history.
Very important French sent troups ( but not french ) They sent Algerians ( Spahis ) Moroccans , senegalese .... from their colonies . I know because my great grandfather a Spahi Algerian - was a Captain in the french army and he died in the mountain in 1922 .
THey fought for the French, because they consider themselves Arabs and hated the Turks? 1922 sounds more like fighting against the Arabs, and I would think that was risky.
@@slewone4905 No they fought for the French because Algeria was a french colony , as well as Senegal , Morocco was a protectorate .... so one of the only way to get a status I guess as an ' indiginous 'was to enroll in the french army .... and the french preferred to send non french to get killed in their wars .... my great grandpa died at âge 38 ...
@@lous.1548 Allah y rahmou. .mourrir à 38 ans pour la guerre d'autre pays...très triste, maudite colonisation ...
That's the best ever documentary about Lebanon I've ever heard, very impressing
Thanks for the great history !
I love this channel. I am addicted to history.
Look for a more accurate channel
..this is truly a misleading video..its not accurate in any way
Your pronunciation of French names is spot on!
Nice classic footage
Thank you for this great history lesson
You guys should make the forgotten Napoleon Veterans who served in the First world war. Despite they're age, They're willing to fight till death. The old guard
I have never heard about that before, I would definitely watch
thats impossible, he would have been 120 years old at that time
@@deskejtx6211 I wonder if he has confused his Napoleons....?
Would just be possible for a Franco-Prussian (under Napoleon 3rd) veteran to fight WW1 I guess. Just.@@SafetySpooon
The thing is they have always wanted to divide and separate Arabia because they have always known that there is oil there, and that they need oil almost as much as water and air, and as time goes on their industrial need becomes as strong as that of a Vampire for Blood and so they are prepared to kill for it
Best history class to watch on video.
My thanks for such a super duper documentary ...
And that is why all our modern problems are caused by the French and the Brits.
And somehow we get all the credit and blame. The most recent example to come to mind was the intervention in Libya first civil war back in 2011. All the US did was act as a glorified fedex/mobile gas station for France, the UK and coalition of Europeans and gulf countries while they blew the country up. We get the blame abroad, and domestically it went from you’re not doing enough by leading from behind Obama to blaming him for the whole affair even though British and French jets launched the opening salvos.
@@Bonanzaking 😑 France and Britain stopped being that influencial since the 1950s. Modern issues, allow me it's USA, Russia and China. All three.
Ah. Y. Not entirely. Globally yes. They kinda got relegated to regional powers. You can look at France now and the pull they still have over certain west and Central African countries through the monetary system, most of these countries are obligated to hold most of their foreign currency reserves in French accounts. France has been rather active if not more so in Africa than the US. It’s just not as publicized in America. They’ve done several interventions in varying scale. They have their own war on terror in the Sahel since they launched an intervention in Mali in late 2012 against Tuareg tribes fresh with weapons from serving as mercenaries in Libya for Qaddafi that had aligned with some offshoot of al queda at the time. The French are still there. Don’t underestimate what the French are able to do. It helps that they have an expendable foreign legion when it comes to body bags returning.
The brits have definitely had their influence fade compared to France. But it doesn’t change the fact they’ve gotten involved in interventions that serve their interests.
Would you have preferred Adolf Hitler?
@@jaysalisbury193 yes!.
14:38 : May 1920 the Christian village of Ain Ebel ( District of Bent Jbeil) were attacked and put under siege; after a brutal and tense fight the village defences crumbled and out numbered by the attackers the village fell and many people died subsequently the majority of its populations fled to the south into Palestine till the French troops arrived and order re-stablished.
A monument exists today honouring the martyrs of May 1920 near the village's church, names of the martyrs is carved on the monument.
Hi are you from Ain Ebel? Interesting information
Just fantastic content. Thanks so much
Nice keep going!!
Maronites spoke Aramaic until the end of the 19th century
Lebanese Maronite here: to add to the famine caused by the Ottomans, we had terraced fields in my village for agriculture, the Ottomans forced us to abandon agriculture and made us plant pine trees instead for train tracks for the war. To this day there is no agriculture in my village and it’s all just forest.
It's not like the Maronites were angels either. Maronite elitism was one of the main contributors to the build up of sectarian and religious tension that triggered the civil war.
@@najabs123 for sure! But this video isn’t about that.
@@najabs123Palestinian terrorists were the group that enabled Muslims to massacre Christians.
the colored footage looks stupendous, it really is impressive
A refreshing infirmation to my memories
I do not know why writing about border foul-ups always concentrates on the Middle East. The breakup of empires is always a problem people do not appreciate there were similar foul ups in Europe for example the Polish corridor incorporated majority German areas into a new Poland to give it access to the sea. The incorporation of areas 75% German into the new state of Czechoslovakia against their will giving Hitler a grievance to exploit. The incorporation of people who hated each others guts into the new state of Yugoslavia that collapsed after 70 years. Let's not forget the South Tyrol where predominantly Austrian people were unwillingly given to Italy a situation they are still not entirely happy with.
While I appreciate the effort.. I have to complain a bit.. the colored footages shown were mainly of Damascus and not from Lebanon ( it was a bit confusing). The opposition to the state of Greater Lebanon was not only led by Faisal and his government, the Muslims of Lebanon but also the Greek Orthodox Christians and a diverse spectrum of secular locals in many cities that saw the division as unnatural. Rida al-Rikabi
the first prime minister in the new, British supported, government in Damascus was the one who appointed Alayubi to govern Beirut not Faisal (they were in correspondenceو but Faisal had not been declared as king yet ), which was not a rebellious decision to angry the French , but as one of the many he had to make to establish order in the new state.
The Bedouin tribes were raiding all the cities of the Levant ( not just in Lebanese parts) after the Ottomans were defeated, and later on, many of theses tribes were supported by the French to control and subdue the cities opposing the French ( they helped the French take over Damascus and Aleppo after betraying the Syrian army in Maysaloun). The French division of Syria was motivated by an agenda to weaken and isolate some local governments and strengthen others in the hope that the latter would abandon and claim preputial independence from the former.
There were some other minor errors that I will leave a lone.
Basically the socalled " Greater Lebanon" was forced on the local population by the French with the support of 2 groups: The Maronite Church and the feudal families, Druze and Maronite especially, there was a sizeable number of Maronites who wanted to be part of Grester Syria, the most important was SaadAllah Howeyek, a brother of then Maronite Partriarch Elias Howeyek, the French even exiled SaadAllah and his colleagues,
Which is to say, how can anyone imagine there was any right way to organise the complexity of the whole ME?
The Ottomans did it by fiat & force, & that 'worked' for 400 years bc they accepted no fealty other than to their rule.
The Imperial model of governance was replaced by a balance of powers approach, which suffers from the picking of favorites, & too many competitors to possibly manage.
Nation states have been less violent & vastly more productive than the prior models, so local preferences must be subsumed to a higher power; democracy offers that potential, & it works, if it is properly implemented.
That if is the challenge, same challenge as always .. territorial, violent, deceitful .. humans.
At 3:01 you had a mistake; the Maronites are roman-catholic adherents. My mother is Maronite.
Great job
I fully endorsed everything Jesse says abt CuriousityStream and Nebula. Abt 13 euros for two channels with tens of hours of interesting content. 16 days in Berlin is indeed an excellent series and other subjects like WWI (colorised) are really a must watch. The only negative aspect is that a day has only 24 hours and considering work, rest and family obligations no more than three full hours are left for watching educational staff on the web.
Too bad Lebanese history is so underrated
@Christina exactly
@Christina yeah I learned by asking my dad about the Lebanese civil war, he fought with the Lebanese forces when he was 17
Christian Khoury my dad fought with the LF as well. Really a crazy time for everyone involved in the civil war. I’m very lucky that my family came out alive. Btw, it’s always nice to see another Khoury family member!
@@jkhoury327 haha from where are you from? Lebanon or outside of Lebanon? What town?
Christian Khoury my family is from Tripoli but I live in the US. What about yourself?
thanks for the video
Brilliant description of the history of Lebanon!