DNA- Structure and function of Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 21 ก.ย. 2024
- DNA- Structure and function of Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
NUCLEIC ACIDS VIDEO : • Nucleic acids - DNA an...
DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly every cell in a person’s body has the same DNA. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus (where it is called nuclear DNA), but a small amount of DNA can also be found in the mitochondria (where it is called mitochondrial DNA or mtDNA).
The information in DNA is stored as a code made up of four chemical bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). Human DNA consists of about 3 billion bases, and more than 99 percent of those bases are the same in all people. The order, or sequence, of these bases determines the information available for building and maintaining an organism, similar to the way in which letters of the alphabet appear in a certain order to form words and sentences.
DNA bases pair up with each other, A with T and C with G, to form units called base pairs. Each base is also attached to a sugar molecule and a phosphate molecule. Together, a base, sugar, and phosphate are called a nucleotide. Nucleotides are arranged in two long strands that form a spiral called a double helix. The structure of the double helix is somewhat like a ladder, with the base pairs forming the ladder’s rungs and the sugar and phosphate molecules forming the vertical sidepieces of the ladder.
An important property of DNA is that it can replicate, or make copies of itself. Each strand of DNA in the double helix can serve as a pattern for duplicating the sequence of bases. This is critical when cells divide because each new cell needs to have an exact copy of the DNA present in the old cell.
wATCH AGAIN : • DNA- Structure and fun...
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Do you think you would see genetics as a form of physiology since the function of DNA is to supply the information that defines the function and structure of the body?
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Thank you. I've understood antiparallel and complementary base pairs for a long time, but was never exactly sure what was meant by 3' and 5'. Thanks for showing the location of the carbons on the deoxyribose. It makes sense now, and I can explain it to others.
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The anti-parallel phosphate and the bases of DNA are inverted in relation to form a pitch of the double helix side by side view of the reciprocal of an angstrom ,otherwise we can't see the axial symmetry where Bessel function is taking place based on Rosalind Franklin first dehydrated X-ray photograph of DNA.
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This video is way excellent and really simple to understand. Though one thing you should have done is to tell about the structure of Ribose because when you label the 5th C atom near the phosphate instead of labelling at the top of the Pentagon then many people must have got confused.
So you should have told that at the top of the Pentagon it an Oxygen atom. That should have really helped.
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- DNA or a long molecule that contains our unique genetic code. Like a recipe book it holds the instructions for making all the proteins in our bodies.
- DNA instructs the cells what to do. DNA acts sort of like a computer program. The cell is the computer or the hardware and the DNA is the program or code.
- DNA is the material that carries all the information about how a living thing will look and function. For instance, DNA in humans determines such things as what color the eyes are and how the lungs work. Each piece of information is carried on a different section of the DNA. These sections are called genes.
A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity. Genes are made up of DNA.
Genes are small sections of DNA within the genome that code for proteins. They contain the instructions for our individual characteristics - like eye and hair colour.
- The purpose of genes? is to store information.
- Each gene contains the information required to build specific proteins needed in an organism.
- The human genome? contains 20,687 protein-coding genes.
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