Arduino Uno: control circuits and homebuilt servos
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 29 เม.ย. 2024
- Table of content:
00:00 introduction
01:16 boot process
02:24 basic input/output
03:27 simple computing
04:10 optical sensors scanning disc
06:12 controlling an H bridge
07:02 analog inputs (ADC)
08:07 controlling servos
09:55 improving the homebuilt wiper servo
11:48 PID control loop
17:04 soft start and emergency stop
18:35 controlling a combustion engine
21:08 linear servo with digital sensor
More info at the project page:
www.homofaciens.de/technics-co... - วิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี
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Thick german accent = guaranteed technical knowledge.
John Grammaticus Danke!
HomoFaciens Der Akzent ist halt echt Krass ! :D aber er hat Recht ^^
lilprozen2 ...gibt's auch mit leischt hessischem Akzent: th-cam.com/video/ZYu3hsRD85Q/w-d-xo.html ;)
+John Grammaticus i thought it was arnold
+John Grammaticus good one
Your accent is as strong as your electronics knowledge. Impressive.
lowendguru Thanks! I am working on:
1.) getting even more knowledge day by day...
2.) ...improving my pronunciation and grammar with each new video.
+HomoFaciens If you improve your accent any more how am I going to tell the diffrence between you and the post apocalyptic inventor? Are you sure that there isn't a correlation between the thickness of your accent and an overwhelming technical knowlege? I am concerned that if you start sounding less german you may become tired and lazy and start getting fat and before you know it your electrical panel is going to look like all the ones we have here in America. Entire nation states are relying on you here to preserve this knowledge, you know we don't read any more.
P.S. I am also concerned about how annoying it will be once you've surpassed our English and start out shining us like the Koreans. Have you ever seen a Korean's English handwriting? It's impeccable!
liked and subscribed.
+Brady Rose Don't worry, I will never be able to wipe out my German accent and I'll stay focused on science & technology rather than on improving my pronunciation.
My handwriting is horrible. I and some close relatives are the only ones that can read it.
:-))
@@HomoFaciens Your Pronunciation is Great . i ;love it , it sound like Arnold !
I find myself coming back and watching these videos, still after a couple of years.
Thank you! =)
I saw this video for the first time a couple of years ago when I started with Arduino and I come back to it today april 2020. I have a background as chemical engineer and seeing PID like this inspired me very much. Now I'm finally going to try this myself and master some Home-PID stuff. Thanks for the inspiration!
You're welcome! Good ideas need time to grow! I hope to find time to dive deeper into PID in the near future with my series about "Physical Computing".
Thanks for the incouragement @@HomoFaciens Looking forward to it
Have fun man 😊
I never thought i'd be getting electronics lessons from Arnold Schwarzenegger!
Never say never!
Electronics:Terminator just like Biology:Human
HA HA HA HA HA HA !!!
Wir deutschsprachigeb Menschen können auch englich
He's NOT a TOO-tah!
Kudos to those people that are true stewards of knowledge and chose to share such knowledge with others.
The best video about servo control ever!! You're the man that really want to teach, Thank you!!!
Thank you for taking the time and trouble to prepare all of these demonstrations.
Very useful information.
Many, many thanks for a very inspiring video! This is TH-cam at its finest!
You have given me many ideas for projects around the house, including directional ADS-B antenna motors for monitoring aircraft traffic.
I have much to learn, and you are a wonderful teacher!
+Simon Chadwick You're welcome! Monitoring the environment with computers will be a subject of future videos.
Brilliant - the best explanation of PIDs I've ever seen. I still don't fully understand, but I just need to watch this a couple more times :)
Who knew Arnold was into Arduino
flahr1 You're wrong! Arduino is in Arnold, turning him into a terminating cyborg...
ahah! I just thought about it)))
I appreciate the meticulous setup made from everyday components. Thats pure genius . To explain an exotic concept with simplest of things , thats where you have excelled . keep up the excellent work. Omska
omskariyaz maraikayer Thanks! Even if creating circuits especially for my videos eats a lot of time, it is worth doing it for followers like you.
Its pure charity , and charity is always rewarded . May God Bless you.
One of the best videos on youtube on the subject. Thanks and God bless you.
+Shane Mc Donagh You're welcome and: share the video and my project page with your friends.
Great video. Illustrates a number of control techniques and compares micro controllers with the more fully fledged Raspberry.
Great video. Good to understand how integrals and derivatives work in code to help better control the servo. I learned something new. Been wondering when I will every use the calculus one and two guess I better keep those notes and books.
This video was very informative in all aspects! First time I've heard about an H Bridge, i'ts a very nice setup! Thanks a lot!
General Wrex You're welcome! H bridges are essential devices in robotics which is why I have made a video showing the working principles: th-cam.com/video/SsB_ezlict4/w-d-xo.html
This is a really good and comprehensive video.
WOW! thanks for posting! Lots and lots of interesting information. Very educational indeed!
It's very mazing to follow your way to explain and demonstrate technical knowledge, that reflet a height level knowledge and concept in germany . good thinks for all lessons.
Very informative! Thank you!
Thanks for your teaching. Thanks for your sharing. I admire you so much!
You're welcome!
you are amazing. i am really impressed by your creativity
1. In depth explanations, many examples.
2. Comprehensive narration despite the strong accent. Most native english speakers could not be this simple btw!
3. Servo, PID, Engine, rotary encoder, Raspi, engine etc in one video. Damn!
4. No Windows/Mac and proprietary shits, open source all the way!
5. Simple old laptop used in most videos rather than new computer, allowing most audience to easily implement due to backward compatibility.
6. Closed-caption provided.
7. Table of Content.
8 Creative common.
Thank you so much bro. This is the first time I comment, hit the like button and subscribe in one video! Regret not knowing you before!
+Fariz Adnan
9. You're welcome!
Really impressive content! I'll be checking out more of your videos and trying new things! :)
Brilliant. Thank you for sharing - one of the best youtube videos I've seen regarding electronics in general, and the best Arduino video I've ever seen by almost an order of magnitude. I was really impressed by the point to point wired H-bridge - superb!
Ant Mallett Thanks! Soldering the circuits in such a way that all devices are arranged clearly and similar to the drawn schematics is one of the points that make my videos eat a lot of time to create, but I think it's better than using breadboards. A good picture is worth a 1000 words.
Thanks for sharing such a brilliant video.
after watching your videos and reading your blogs I have started small mechanical and electronics projects at home.
+pankaj motiyar You're welcome! Encourage people to start own projects is the main intention of my videos.
Linear control system explained really well......... Please also upload such practical examples for non linear control system
I'll keep that in mind for future videos about control systems.
This is really cool. This kinda stuff looks addicting, keep up the good work!
DankSun420 Thanks! I am trying to improve the quality with each new video...
amazing work. thank you for sharing.
Nice Lesson well done easy to follow.
Thanks for the extra info and photos,. Greatly apprrciated.
andy parry You're welcome! Requests like yours help me to improve my project. If you'd like to get a quicker response, visit my project page and leave a comment (I'm not logged in to TH-cam every day...).
I love the DIY nature of the video.
Lorenz Wolf It's because I like DIY machines - my latest project is a low tech CNC machine. That video will be online soon.
thanks a lot I have understood from this tutorial what I have been struggling for a long time to understand
+Hossam Zayed You're welcome!
I made a micro donation to your projects... Thank you much for this video
+Menuka Gamage Thanks for your donations - each coin counts.
This is absolutely brilliant. Thank you for sharing.
+Martin Johansen You're welcome!
amazing project !
So frickin' excellent! Thank you!
großartiges Video! Ich möchte mehr Informationen über die linearen Servo mit digitalen Sensor mögen. Vielen Dank
+Matthew Lawrence Danke! zu den Linearantrieben habe ich ein weiteres Video veröffentlicht:
th-cam.com/video/1lJO7Dwgeuo/w-d-xo.html
Gibt's auch auf Englisch:
th-cam.com/video/XIUrnR8bLAI/w-d-xo.html
Mehr infos auf meiner Projektseite:
www.homofaciens.de/technics-base-circuits-encoder-disc_en_navion.htm
I would give your video two thumbs up were it possible, great information.
Kugruabay Thanks! Share the video with your friends. That might give me a second thumb up.
Great explanation !
Excellent video. Thanks for that...
Very good video... I dotn mean to cause offense when i say; despite the evident language barrier this was exceptionally well explained. I'll be referring back to this video when i start building control circuits, thank you for taking the time to produce and upload it ^^
Alessio Yautja I indeed recognize that there is a language barrier each time I am recording the audio track of a new video so I don't mind if people refer to my German accent. I am trying to get better with each new video ;) Thanks in advance for sharing this video and maybe the project page that belongs to this chapter, too: www.homofaciens.de/technics-computer-arduino-uno_en_navion.htm
I like hearing my native language spoken in other accents, I find that foriengers actually teach me more about my own language. They make me realise the subtle differences between words, instances of humor and just how difficult it is to learn English in general :D Your spoken English is superb though, I wish my German vocabulary and pronounciation were as good >.
Alessio Yautja Let me know if you run into trouble when trying to copy my circuits, so I can improve my videos as well as the circuits I have built.
you are just awesome man... thank you.
Can't wait to apply this wiper motor servo control to my Halloween props! Excellent video!
+Montclair I am currently working on a video about rotary encoders. I am showing how to build an even better wiper motor servo. Stay tuned!
Amazing video and lol, right at the end you sound like the "Terminator", when you said "I,I'll be back". :)
+arif anwari ...it's a promise I have kept multiple times before. My latest video will go online at the end of this week and it is about an upgrade of my CNC v2.0 - stay tuned!
Great video, thanks for sharing!
Didier Lauwerys You're welcome!
Ausgezeichnet. Einsame Spitze!
ARNY? ITS YOU?? YOU CAME TO TEACH US BACK TO FUTURE?
VladVladimirov I came to teach you how to create the future!
HomoFaciens Thanks for high video quality
VladVladimirov He'll be back!
HeathLedgersChemist I HAVE been back multiple times since that video about the Arduino.
For example I told you how to do physical computing:
th-cam.com/video/9Qumu2h8FjY/w-d-xo.html
and my latest video is about a CNC machine composed of cheap materials made with simple tools:
th-cam.com/video/mJ-TZvFpY58/w-d-xo.html
The evolution of machines goes on...
I watched this video, very informative, thanks!
+Bogdan Czarnecki You're welcome!
Great tutorial. Thank you, Schwarzi.
Excelent video + you shared the source code. Thanks a lot.
+Radek Bystřický All my projects are open source. Makers all over the world must be able to replicate machines they need.
Exellent video. well done.
excellent video!
Excellent video/tutorial
Help, how can I synchronise two dc motors.
I am building a biped and each leg is a windscreen motor, I want to make sure the left motor does not get out of step position with the right leg.
Any ideas gratefully received.
Really great man
Thanks its very important to my contry
You're welcome! Share my projects with your friends to help them, too.
nice tutorial!
it is really helpful video . i need more help from you. thank you
Nice Video sir.
excellent video thanks for shareing
VERY VERY INFORMATIVE
How are you attaching the pot to the arm that makes it strong enough, centred, and not spin. It's hard to tell from the wiper motor video image. Thanks for the videos. Very professional looking.
andy parry My solution is far from being perfect. Since it is not exactly centered, the pot is attached with a pice of (flexible) wire. My skills in video editing are higher than my mechanical capabillyties ;) I have added a picture at my project page: www.homofaciens.de/technics-computer-arduino-uno_en_navion.htm#PotentiometerMount
Ill be nice now , this is an exceptional video , definitely getting a subscribe now !!!
Jez Joseph Thanks!
Спасибо большое.
Mr ПоделкинЦ You're welcome!
Very good video i love your ideas
***** Thanks! More ideas with an Arduino Uno will be turned into a video until the end of this week (hopefully).
+HomoFaciens hi.can you make a video IR arduino projects
***** There will be a video about communication between Computers / Microcontrollers sometime including a section about IR, but it won't be a straightforward HowTo for the Arduino. I guess there are already some great tutorials on TH-cam or on the web, aren't they?
Congratulations on your excellent explanation of automated positional control. Do you work with CNC machines professionally?
+dazaspc Thanks! The only CNC machines I have been working with are those I have build by myself.
Awesome video 🇧🇷😉👍great video 👏👏👏👏👏👏 thank you bro, subscribed !
I can't find the video he refers to at 9:57. (How to build the servo)
Can someone help me?
I was long waiting for your Video on servos controlled by Microcontroller. To my surprise you used my favorite microcontroller Arduino Uno. Would be great if you can explain about Software program/codes as well.
The source code is available at the project page:
www.homofaciens.de/technics-computer-arduino-uno_en_navion.htm
Reading that code should be easy since the Arduino libraries do most of the job.
HomoFaciens Thank you very much for the codes. I was wondering if you could inform/send me the libraries link (for and
).
I tried to find avr/io.h on google! but what I find is a code text. Sorry I am very beginner even to arduino and don't know how to use that.
Mohammad Baber
Simply delete the two lines including the libraries and . They are relicts from my first first code lines around the wiper servo (before programing the Arduino I used AVR microcontrollers and I did the coding in assembler ).
HomoFaciens Thanks. I already realized that without these libraries the code still works.
Thanks for the video. How are you showing the waveform in laptop? Are there any easy mechanism to connect the multimeter to to it?
Its done with my USB oscilloscope:
homofaciens.de/technics-metrology-oscilloscope_en.htm
Thank you by video. Good ideas for us.
Sandro Sachser You're welcome! Any ideas for me?
Excellent video/tutorial ! I enjoyed it very much and even learned from it! I hope you'll post many more.
Btw, where are you from ?
Philip Gevaert Thanks! The video I am currently working on is about physical computing (amplifying digital signals and sinple sensoring). Stay tuned!I am tinkering in a small village located at the center of Germany.
Nice to hear there's more on the way. I visited your site, so yes I already knew you are located in Germany. But I was wondering where in Germany?
I'm from Belgium, near Antwerp.
Philip Gevaert Near the mid point between Frankfurt and Cologne, about 330km away from Antwerp.
You are awesome!
hi
the presented video is very useful. have you any idea about analog type of servo motor or digital? witch one is better?
i see analog type before in your video collection.and what about use of encoder? witch one is best?
thanks
Wich type of servo is best depends on your application. Analog servos are cheap, compact drives, digital servos are usually more expensive but have a higher accuracy and no jitter.
so i want to make a CNC machine. and i think the use of servo motor is better than stepper. but as i see in your video you use of microcontrollet to count each step(forward and backward). what happen if your motor turn fast? can microcontoller count encoder steps?
Of course you must ensure that the pulses don't come in too fast.
Oh you are greats Master...!!!
Love it!!!
Hi and thanks for your videos! What is the usb-oscilloscope you are using here?
It is a DSO-2090 with OpenHantek under Linux as software.
What ist your opinion about DSO-2090?
I still like it. My chapter about oscilloscopes is:
homofaciens.de/technics-metrology-oscilloscope_en.htm
Great video. you did a amazing job, keep it up. I was wondering how many times you must have changed the code and how many times you must have changed hardware. I have a question. How to get the waveform in you mac book? as you did at 14.50 min.
Trilok singh Thanks! That waveform was recorded using a USB oscilloscope type Hantek DSO2090. Here is my video about that device:
th-cam.com/video/haGg4iS-pFw/w-d-xo.html
Why using a mac book if Linux runs on cheaper and better hardware ;-)
Cool video, very understandable principles. Which car in the video is it ?
***** Thanks! It is a Citroen 2CV from 1985 I am currently overhauling. See www.entmontage.de for details.
Genial!
very nice
were you polling the inputs, or using interrupts? i was under the impression that if you used interrupts it wouldn't skip pulses
Yes, interrupts enable much faster processing. I will explain in more detail how things work in future videos. In my chapter about rotary encoders I am demonstrating how to control a printer paper feed with an Arduino, using interrupts:
homofaciens.de/technics-base-circuits-encoder-disc_en.htm
Very informative and thank you for such wonderful explanation. It would be great if you could share how did you achieve potentiometer readings with zero fluctuation(07:23). I have tried the same couple times, but the values from potentiometer were never so stable even after implementing low pass filter on the software as well as hardware side.
The potentiometer is a very large one with a wound resistance wire. The tiny carbon film potentiometers aren't that good. The input voltage should also be free from interferences. Batteries are a good voltage source.
Finally I can't say for sure whether or not I had implemented a special software filter to get the stable output. I usually don't keep the source codes used for those short video sequences.
I will talk about ADC input in a future video about "Physical Computing".
Thanks for your instant reply. The experiments I conducted were based on 10 turn Wire wound resistor from Bournns(uk.farnell.com/bourns/3590s-2-103l/potentiometer-10k-5-linear-2w/dp/1612611) . Could you please share the model number of the potentiometer in the video?
It was a potentiometer I salvaged from whatever old device. The label from the manufacturer is unfortunately no longer readable.
ADCs usually show instability in the one or two least significant bits, so I guess I used some kind of software trick to get that stable display reading.
If you ever recall the software trick you implemented, please share. Thankyou for your support. :)
For example: only refresh the display if the change in ADC value exceeds a given threshold. That's what came to my mind first.
Hi Norbert, really so much useful information in one video so, thanks again! It appears to me that the wiring diagram for your H bridge may not be correct. If so it is not of great importance as the message is clear but I thought you might like the feedback.
Nobody is perfect. What error in which diagram at which time code of the video do you mean?
you are genius. ..can I have the technical specifications and software of a wiber motor via potentiometer (the last revision with improved tourge and precise response ) ,I need to implement it ..thanks
+marine yard
Did you have a look at the project page?
www.homofaciens.de/technics-computer-arduino-uno_en_navion.htm
You can get the software in the download section.
Thanks alot for taking the time to respond. ..I saw the page after i comment. ..my problem is my servo is 24 vdc with 1kohm feedback resistor attached to it in addition the set point resistor that already exists is 5kohm ..the system is to control a woodword governor that drive the speed of an engine ... I guess one to do it is to use the motor drive BTS7960s you suggested as its rated voltage is 45vdc ..still thinking of a way to accommodate the resistors ..
+marine yard Sorry, but I don't understand what the trouble with the resistors is: You can use a 1kOhm as well as a 5kOhm potentiometer. Why do you talk about two different types?
tnx GOOD VIDEO
How did you remove the mirrored part of the CD? Do you know any chemical process?
Thanks.
No chemistry, just a sharp knife: Cut along the edges and scratch off the infield.
@@HomoFaciens Thanks
Nice!
Can I use a stepper motor or a regular DC motor with Arduino without using a motor driver/shield ?
I found few from a printer/scanner
You can't connect them directly. You must build an amplifying circuit or an H-Bridge to control motors, I made a video about "Pyhsical Computing" showing the basics:
th-cam.com/users/edit?o=U&video_id=9Qumu2h8FjY
More videos about creating and controlling DIY peripherals will follow.
good the best proyect i have seen , i need one just like that can you make one for me and tell me how much will cost ?
thanks
Sorry, I am just a teacher, not your hardware supporter ;-)
Learn how things work and try to build your door opener.
exelent!!!
Are there reasons to use brushless DC motors instead of brushed DC motors? Overall which one is better?
Brushed DC motors are more easy to control (you just have to connect them directly to a DC power supply).
Brushless motors need an electronic control circuit to make them work. The advantage is that there is no wear on brushes in a brushless motor.
hi
am looking for how to make dc motor as stepper motor step by step ?
any tube for that ?
thanks
I have written chapters about rotary encoders with sample circuits and codes:
homofaciens.de/technics-base-circuits-encoder-disc_en.htm
Is it possible to design a PID control circuit similar to this using "state-space" methods programmed into the microcontroller?
The real question is, if this makes any sense for your application. Is there a reason why you think state-space would be an improvement over conventional PID control?
HomoFaciens
We learned the theory behind state-space methods years ago in college. We ran a SS simulation in MatLab for a motor control system. The tracking error reduction was supurb. I'm interested in trying it myself just to see if i can achieve the same results. I think it would be a great learning experience. There is no particular high accuracy application. I just want to drive a permanent magnet DC Motor using state space methods only for "academic" purposes
Definitely something worth trying. Share the results of your experiments. I will keep the solid state method in mind for future videos about control loops.
I seek information about how one would integrate a Heidenhain glass scale TTL output into the Arduino. I have seen videos on how the step count is replaced with real numbers that are incremented according to the direction that the Heidenhain is reporting. That is an easy concept.
However, I have not figured out nor have I seen anyone show how the TTL output for a 3 axis CNC can be put into the 3 axis output to the stepping motors. I understand that I need more input and output pins of the larger Arduino Mega 2560 R3 (It has 54 digital input/output pins (of which 15 can be used as PWM outputs), 16 analog inputs).
It seems daunting or perhaps I am just terrified by the problem. Can you show me one axis output (I have seen that) and one axis input (I have NOT seen this)? Do you have this information in one of your videos that I have obviously have not watched?
We bought an OpenBuilds C-Beam, and it became obvious that higher accuracy would be realized with minor changes that I have seen on large & expensive CNC machining centers, such as the glass scales. I have found that a Heidenhain set for 3 axis and a DRO can be purchased for ~~$300 which would increase the $1,000 value of the CNC machine tremendously.
Louis DiFrancesco louisdifran@gmail.com 505 515 4700 Boston, MASS
+Louis DiFrancesco I don't have a Heidenhain linear sensor, nor a OpenBuilds C-Beam. Send me both and I might start coding, but don't expect to get it back ;-)
A high quality sensor doesn't necessarily improve the accuracy of a CNC as it doesn't eliminate backlash nor deflections of the mechanics. It won't turn your cheap machine into a tremendous CNC.
can u share the code hat you used in 17:04 soft start and emergency stop
The sources of my videos are available on my project page:
homofaciens.de/technics-computer-arduino-uno_en.htm
thank u alot
Was Arduino the best choice for this project?
For me, yes.
I need that control software, but, without the soft start, how can i eliminate the soft star of the software?
As told in the video and written in the video description box, got to the project page:
homofaciens.de/technics-computer-arduino-uno_en.htm
I have an old lathe that power feeds the carriage in both directions, alas, at much too high speed/ I have been told an auto wiper motor has enough torque to provide a geared down drive to the main lead screw. My question is can a wiper motor rotate as a stepper motor or servo motor using and arduino circuit and a potentiometer to vary the speed from very low rpm without sacrificing torque. My lead screw has a clutch that makes it independent of the normal lathe drives and I can fabricate a connection to the right end from such a drive. Is this feasible. I am a machinist but a newby in arduino capabilities. I used to program in 'Turbo C' and Basic as a hobby.
+RTOHIO In my video under construction about rotary encoders I will demonstrate how to turn a wiper motor into a digital servo using an Arduino. Nonetheless you need some programming skills to adapt such a motor control to your special needs. When reducing the speed by PWM, the torque is also lowered, thus you have to implement a PID control loop, especially the Integral (time) variable is what keeps the torque up.
+HomoFaciens Thanks so much for considering my problem. My original solution was to use a variable speed DC gear head motor and step the speed down with a belt pulley arrangement. I had heard that automotive wiper motors were powerful and ran relatively slow, so thought they might be cheaper way to go. I used to program in Basic and Turbo C, going to play with an Arduino this winter but spend most of my spare time machining now. Thanks again.
Ron
+RTOHIO Well, your problem is very special, thus I can't give you a perfect solution. Yes, the wiper motors are very strong with relative low rotation speed. They draw a high current, thus you need a power H bridge to control those motors through a microcontroller.
Learning to handle an Arduino is a good idea for long winter nights.