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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 4 ต.ค. 2024
- Snakes are pretty incredible animals. And the poisonous ones even more so. Trace explains how snakes evolved to become venomous and why they must keep evolving this tool to keep their deadly reputation.
Read More:
The rapid evolution of cobra venom
phys.org/news/2...
"A new study has provided the first comprehensive insight into how snake venom evolved into the sophisticated cocktail of different proteins it is today."
The king cobra genome reveals dynamic gene evolution and adaptation in the snake venom system
www.pnas.org/co...
"Snakes are limbless predators, and many species use venom to help overpower relatively large, agile prey. Snake venoms are complex protein mixtures encoded by several multilocus gene families that function synergistically to cause incapacitation."
What is Snake Venom?
library.thinkqu...
"Snake venoms play an important role in the production of diverse medications that have saved numerous lives."
Watch More:
8 Facts You Need to Know
• 8 FACTS YOU NEED TO KNOW
TestTube Wild Card
testtube.com/dn...
Humans Speed Up Evolution
• Humans Are Speeding Up...
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Just a correction, some antivenins are used for multiple snakes. For example, no commercial antivenin is produced for the variable bush viper, so its bites are treated with antivenin for the carpet viper.
Also, it's almost universally horses that they use, not cows or pigs.
Love learning about the evolutionary path, keep 'em coming, the weirder the better.
My first thought when I listened to the intro: This ain't a scene, it's an arms race!
If you understand this reference, then you are absolutely amazing.
Mia F I thought it was a goddamn arms race
No worries people.I heard snake venom is pretty armless * cough *
Jay Barnacle nooo, not now
XD
now THAT is a great pun! "Arms race" is horrrrrible though! He just couldn't think of a better pun to do what you just did here! Mice aren't trying to develop "arms" (venom) at all. Neither mice nor snakes have true arms, nor is racing to get them. What's the arms race???
can you guys try finding out why there are snakes without venom like the hog-nose snake or the boa or python?
they don't have vemon because they use their large bodies to strangle their prey to death
there teeth are curved backwards so when they strike at there prey the prey cant get away like a fish hook. Then they rap their bodies around the prey and constrict it to death then swallow it whole. So there is no need for venom
Kamal Gill and its always going to kill its prey with this technique
Hognose snakes have a rear-fanged system and are slightly venomous.
The snakes evolved and natural selection made their method of killing by constriction instead of poison
What happens if the snake bites itself?
you laugh
they're immune to their Venom
ibanez1403 Kingsnakes aren't even venimous but are resistant to venom, enabling them to eat rattlesnakes and such,
ibanez1403 Consuming venom doesn't affect you the same as being bitten, some snake venoms has drug like effects when drunk. We can consume deadly venom and be ok.
SirGooglinMort Smith if you happen to have an ulcer or a cut in your mouth , something thats exposing the bloodstream you'd be dead, it would be a risk
1:31 "immunity"? You mean resistance. A species can't become immune. Immunity has to do with the immune system, and resistance has to do with genes.
So, a whole species can be resistant to a certain substance (just like bacteria being resistant to antibiotics), but an individual can build up an immunity via its immune system.
I've seen studies on squirrels that seem to have developed an immunity to rattlesnake venom.
Awesome study. It will be great one day when we can use things like this for all kinds of medicine.
cool t-shirt, Trace!!
I want to know: what happens if you would swallow snake venom? Does it still have any effects?
Not unless you have a cut in your throat or on the way down to your stomach. It is venom not poison. If you swallowed poison you would die. The only way venom would kill you if it had a way into your bloodstream.
clayton dixon Correct. Most venom is just specific combinations of proteins. So.... digestible.
Yea. You ever heard of Bane?
clayton dixon IamScott351W Thanks for answering. Seems like that makes sense, yeah. I'd imagine that if you have some kind of venom that also has enzymes that decompose flesh in it, it could probably get in your bloodstream anyway. I've heard pineapples contain an enzyme that decomposes flesh, so seems to me that isn't too farfetched. Just increase the concentration of that enzyme and you've got yourself a nice flesh-eating venom. >:D
PS: I hope I didn't give any snakes or spiders any ideas here...
There are drinks in India made from cobra venom. It's pretty safe to drink, unless you have an open wound in your mouth or throat.
Terrific tongue twister!
A general use anti-venom would be good to start with, but if it can be made synthetically, It could become cheap enough to replace snake byte kits. If this is successful, it will save lives.
I love this stuff. Not venom; biology.
I love venom. Not this venom: marvel venom
Oh boy another thing that’s been developed through evolution. I have some air to sell you as well.
Awesome video, just FYI snakes are not poisonous. Poisonous is when you ingest it, venomous is when you inject it. Or if you prefer, poisonous when you bit it, venomous when it bites you.
I find this really interesting because in my language venom and poison is the same word, funny enough it's called "gift", but anyway, I've wondered about that, how they are different.
Thanks for the help
Poison Newts, Snakes ate them, some died others got very sick and recovered, their offspring became more immune and since you are what you eat, the poison digested by the snakes was put to use in their evolution. With venom, a snake could inflict a bite to faster prey like mice who otherwise could take the harmless bite and get away being much faster. But it all started with the newts
I was turned into a newt once. But I got better.
It’s kinda funny I hate this guy when I’m at school but I love him when I’m at home watching videos about snakes
Did he say "Walla" instead of "Voila?" If so, does he also say "déjà woooo?" Same French verb. What's the deal with everyone saying Walla instead of voila? Creepy.
Kell Titan Actually it dates back to shitty cartoons with magicians that say walla instead of voilà. Thus making many Americans and other English speakers say Walla. Nobody questions it as it stayed. It irks me to no end. I am Texan, know Spanish and German, and feel like I have a pretty decent grasp of languages, but am by no means an expert on any one language. I just wish people would stop using walla. It is up to us to correct them so they don't continue to make the same mistakes, and hopefully in the future voilà will be more widely used instead of that awfully made up word called walla.
Your friendly TH-cam Grammar Nazi
Great stuff, I really enjoyed
I think this is really cool. I'm in school to become a veterinarian for exotic animals, including snakes.
His T-shirt is frickin dope
I don't fully understand this. What makes creatures evolve like that? Do these snakes automatically develop venom (or new types of venom) themselves in order to try and survive, or does their body do it on its own somehow?
There's always gene mutation happening and variation in a population. The snakes that happen to have more poisonous venom or more efficient venom whatever were probably more likely to survive and reproduce. This means the snake population evolve to become more venomous :)
scientist don't know either. They always say the same thing. "Well, it just mutated". Gee, thanks for clearing tha one up... like science has answered all the other questions about evolution. It mutated.
Mutation is one of the only ways a new gene can enter a gene pool. Often a mutation isn't like a huge change but more of a step in the right direction. If a gene mutation survives and is able to reproduce (well the organism with the mutation not the mutation itself), it must be good for the species.
***** Such a fucking facepalm comment.
TadaGanIarracht sorry I don't bow at the alter of pseudo-science. Things evolve and de-evolve, yes, but all cases were never a mutation. What species don't use, they lose. I've only witnessed de-evolution in fish; never saw evolution in any species.
I saw a new prototype anti-venom that blocks receptors in the nervous system as a vaccination to a small range of snake bite. I think in time we will have much better treatments and as always we will learn a lot along the way.
Like your shirt!
How did the snakes body know that this combination of proteins would fuck its prey up?
If it didn't work, the snake would die from starvation not passing its useless gene. Survival of the fittest...
Kirill Shestakov That's the point of natural selection... genes don't think! It is based on luck (environment.) When a parent species procreate, their children will bear slightly random genes based on their parent's genes. (This is why if you have siblings, you don't exactly look like clones.) Whichever one of those lucky offspring survives within enough time that they can reproduce new random variation themselves though sexual reproduction wins.
Kirill Shestakov Oh dear, I see where this is heading. You're a religious person.
Kirill Shestakov You know what else is laughable? People who watches shows they obviously disagree about or dislike just so they can say how much they disagree about it. Laughable people are bound to ridicule.
It didn't know and the mutation was not specific.
Mutation happens all the time. I carry mutant genes, you do as well. Stuff happens, even to DNA. And if it happens to a germ cell, the kids get the mutation.
Most mutations are harmless; they might for example make some people have smelly urine after eating asparagus. Or they might allow a protein that is produced in the pancreas - a protein for which there is already a genetic code - that protein might additionally be produced in the mouth.
But the snake does not know that, nor would it understand. It just likes to eat mice, the furry little things. But this mutant snake now has an advantage. Mice that it bites stop fighting, so it gets to eat more. You'd be amazed how often prey escapes in the wild, btw. A predator is lucky if it can survive.
Anyhow, our well-fed snake lives longer, resists disease better because he's nourished better than the poor chap in the next burrow; that guy only has this protein in his pancreas, the poor sap. So our lucky snake has babies, and those babies who get this lucky gene are able to eat better, so they have more babies, and more robust babies... while those poor saps without the protein are barely eking out a living. And after a few generations - well, if you're a snake without this protein, you won't live very long. There just isn't enough prey to share.
Not only does this happen all the time btw - mutations moving the site of production, for example, or duplicating production of a protein in two places, but there are other mutations that might produce more or less of the same protein. Often this results in nothing, sometimes it results in disease, and sometimes - ah, sometimes you get lucky. And it's quite reasonable that a protein intended for one application finds a use in another role - biology is built of largely the same blocks, over and over. I use these tools in research and it's amazing how much is recycled.
now this is pretty interesting stuff :o
I'm surprised nobody is all like "OH SHIT DID THOSE SNAKES JUST SHOOT VENOM OUT OF THERE MOUTH"
I like your shirt!!! :)
Y no more videos coming from the channel?
Well said my friend, well said.
Hy Trace, where did you buy that T-shirt?
It's really cool.
I really love your t-Shirt !!
From the description: "Snakes are pretty incredible animals. And the *poisonous* ones even more so...."
FFFffff-God damnit! There is no such thing as a poisonous snake! It's venomous, not poisonous! Learn your biological terms!
The snake would be poisonous if you blended a venomous snake and drank it and got sick, though. 8D /morbid thoughts.
WinterWhiteFox214 No, that'd just be gross. The venom would have to enter your blood stream. Which would require a cut or other internal injury which, considering you're blending an animal with spintery bones going down the entire length of it's body, wouldn't be that difficult to find...o'course at that rate the bones would be the thing that kills you.
WinterWhiteFox214 Venom can be consumed, some venoms have drug like effects but it won't affect you anything like if you were bitten. The proteins in the venom are broken down in the stomach so by the time its in your bloodstream its some what different from its original state.
Except that you're wrong and there actually are snakes that are poisonous, including the Tiger Keelback. Look it up.
I am confused? I was hoping to hear a direct answer.
Actually some of the ancient snakes had legs
I understand the pancreas of early iterations, following natural enzymatic redox reaction, eventuated in the salivas virulence. Its really quite fascinating.
I have a king cobra
Dutch Scientist: Freek Vonk
But the real question, is why? Maybe because God wanted to make them evolve?
Why snakes have venom?
Simple, they need to feed like anybody else and to feed you have to kill. That is their way of doing it.
Mitche23
but they wouldn´t need to evolve the venom to kill...there are many other ways, why the venom? and why almost every snake on the earth has it, and an other predator don´t.
Daniel Zagora That is called in one word adaption. Some evolve venom, some evolve constriction. It depends on environment where the animal is located.
Daniel Zagora A majority of snakes in the world are non-venomous.
yeah god hahahaha
How could the prey slowly develop an immunity if it was poisoned and killed, therefore not given the chance?
Just curious.
Sebastian Frost iknow ur comment is months old but I'm thinking some of the pray got bitten but didn't die maybe not enough venom or a mutation and it passed it on and more and more immune pray kept on multiplying while the non immune kept dying .
Please Answer my question :(
Why did i lose my Christmas spirit
Love your shirt tracy
TYPO IN THE DESCRIPTION! SNAKES ARE VENOMOUS! NOT POISONOUS!
I LOVE RESEARCH ON VENOM I WISH I COULD TO RESEARCH ON IT
Is it real or they just remove the snakes venom glands?🤔.. In this kind of process, The snake can still bite because he still have fangs but there is no venom to be extracted due to the cause of venom glands removal procedure.. Correct me if i'm wrong🙄
Comments are full of vigor and insight today...... lol
He looks like the guy from the big bang theory
I WANT YOUR SHIRT!!!
I love your awesome T-shirt.
Where did you get it???
TRACE! Where'd you get that shirt?
How can I sugest a video theme for Dnews?
Hey DNews, are you related to the Discovery channel
They are.
So does the antivenom change as the venom evolves
I think it must be frustrating for the snakes. They spend all that time trying to perfect their venoms and we just come along, tear it into pieces and develop antidotes.
next thing you know, nypd shooting people with custom venom bullets
THE FLYING SNAKE ME:💀💀💀
So the ultimate anti venom lies with the Honey Badger?
I LOVE snakes, got a few. Even 2 pygmy rattlers. I love venomous snakes!
Hey man at least we are trying
I'm glad my snake doesn't have venom :P
so does this mean that one day all snakes will be venomous?
Only if their pray requires it.
This is cool
ok now that is partially explained can someoneplease explain to me the evolution of the bombardment beetle?
Wish I had venom glands.
Thanks D-news. Now if only you guys can explain the difference between Venom & Poison, that would be great~
W00t? Not HD?
Make podcasts on iOS please!!
Maybe we decode the snakes immunity to its own venom and reproduce that, then make shots that contain immunity to the venom, so you can get shots for the venomous snakes in your area of the world.
And now we have to watch 20 seconds of advertisement????? Fuck youtube
Trace really looks like my classmate last year...Francis Angelo..when it comes to hand gestures and facial expressions etc. it's kinda weird
I'm sure finding the "root cause" of the venom would involve complex biochemical pathways that would take up an entire whiteboard and confuse the living crap out of anyone who gazes upon it.
Kobe!
hm, like other species of animals if these snake's don't adapt they die...there's darwin's theory in there somewhere
Damn I wanted to know how snakes go the glands and if humans can get them ... LOL
THE POOR COWS!
90% protein, so lets make snake venom using protein shakes!
DNews - poisonous and venomous are not synonyms.
For a show revolving around science, seeing this basic error in your video description is incredibly disappointing.
360p?
chuck noris needed some soap
0:37 Not a King Cobra...
this topic needs more work, just being honest..
what does venom taste like
Try and let us know, ok ? :)
So a snake like a python did not evolve to be venomous well if that’s true why did the snake have to
aliens
My brothers got bitten by a coral snake and never felt it bite. What a bitch snake. Let your venom do all the work.
Trace used to be much more energetic
I am waiting for the time to play with snakes like earthworms!yeah its r8 in front!!Haha
amazing shirt
Yeah that's cool but, i am interested in how the hell they got perfect holes all the way trough there fangs !!
The right parts of the shelves could use some bongs to pimp the view hahaha amyrite
Amazing. Thanks 👍😊
As u know snakes get drunk if they drink their venom (jk)
🤨
You seem to be implying that evolution has a goal, that is not how evolution works. Your looking at evolution from the wrong side of the cause. You seem to be looking for a purpose, there is non.
Evolution happens to be the cause but there is no intent. It works and that is why it is still there. If it didn't work it wouldn't be.
Can a species of venomous snake kill/paralyse another snake, of the same species, with its venom, or are they immune to the venom their species produce?
I think they sometimes are immune, but what I recall they have some kind of "truce", that is, in conflict they dont use their fangs, they just puff up and go breast smashing. That is because if they did use their venom they would kill eatch other, so no point in doing so.
Metholus Caedes Also, they don't want to waste venom and starve, it's meant to get them food, not fight over territory or mates.
Drudley
I think getting mates is the priority over getting food. Thats like the number one goal, and getting food and survive is just the way to that goal.
I saw some documentary about them sometimes not wasting venom on humans because they can't eat us. Though, I think food is higher priority than mates, simply because without food, you die, and thus get no mates.
Can I drink snake venom after my workout
Yes, you can. Venom is digestible.
WE ARE VENOM
I'd say that's good
do you always have your hair like that ?