first off, thanks again for all these amazing vids. i love them - I think it would make them even better you marked the locations and names of towns and regions that you mention as you narrate!
Exactly. Twain lived I. The tropical Ozarks where I live. And he lived in the Ozarks when slavery still flourished in the US! These comments are dumb as fuck when you put it in context
My Mom is from the Ozarks like Twain and she hates the desert. She hates Arizona and the SW. the desert is not for everyone esp if you are from the tropical ozarks. This video is a piece of sh*t
As a Kuwaiti I'm surprised about how accurate the info about Kuwait and it's influence in the Arabian Peninsula. And for any videos in the time frame of the 1920s we had a war with Saudi Arabia which had 2 main battles, battle of Hamdh (which we lost and it forced the then Emir Salem Al-Mubarak to build the third wall of Kuwait and the first wall of Jahra) and the battle of Jahra (which we won after being sieged in the Red Fort in Jahra), after that the Uqair Convention happened and we lost ⅔ of our lands. Also Fun Fact! Mubarak was nicknamed the lion of the peninsula and Mubarak the Great. And all Emirs of Kuwait since his rule had to be from his lineage and not just a defendant of Sabah the first.
The funny thing is, that's Dubai, not Kuwait. we don't have a lot of wealthy westerners or westerners to be more precise. we mostly have Arabs and Southeast Asians (who are usually low to middle class).@@demianperez1182
At 0:55 the Ottoman Empire levied taxes through tax farmers, who bought from the Sultan the right to tax a region while still giving the Sultan a cut, and then behaved just as corruptly and oppressively as one might fear.
Unfortunately man is largely amoral some good some evil most just are. So any system of government which depends upon human decency at any point it's fucked maybe not instantly but eventually it is fucked. That's why I like government which ensures individual freedom's firstly and nothing or little else.
Greedy Europeans ruined the utopia of the Ottoman Empire and actually caused this corruption is there no end to their vile deeds, I’m kidding btw relax I just read so many comments on a lot of different videos saying pretty much this for any situation
Although Palestine did not exist as an administrative unit in this period, the term was used to describe a geographic area. After administrative reorganizations in the 1870s and 1880s, the area that later became Mandate Palestine was divided into three administrative units: the District of Jerusalem , governed directly by Istanbul , and the northen District of Nablus and the District of Acre , attached to the Province of Beirut . According to Ottoman records, the population of these three districts in 1878 was 462,465: 403,795 Muslims, 43,659 Christians, and 15,011 Jews. (This figure did not include some 10,000 Jews with foreign citizenship, several thousand Bedouin, and foreign Christian residents of Palestine.) Jaffa and Nablus were Palestine's largest and most economically vibrant cities, while most Jews in Palestine-observant orthodox communities minimally engaged with Zionism-lived in four cities of religious importance: Jerusalem, Hebron , Safad , and Tiberias . Selected Bibliography: Büssow, Johann. Hamidian Palestine: Politics and Society in the District of Jerusalem, 1872-1908. Leiden, the Netherlands: Brill, 2011. Campos, Michelle. Ottoman Brothers: Muslims, Christians, and Jews in Early Twentieth-Century Palestine. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press, 2010. Doumani, Beshara. Rediscovering Palestine: Merchants and Peasants in Jabal Nablus, 1700-1900. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995. Schölch, Alexander. Palestine in Transformation, 1856-1882: Studies in Social, Economic, and Political Development. Washington, DC: Institute for Palestine Studies, 2006. Singer, Amy. Palestinian Peasants and Ottoman Officials: Rural Administration around Sixteenth-Century Jerusalem. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1994
The History of the imaginary Palestinian state: 1. Before Israel there was a British Mandate, not a Palestinian state 2. Before the British Mandate, it was the Ottoman Empire, not a Palestinian state. 3. Before the Ottoman Empire Was the Islamic State of the Mamluks of Egypt, not a Palestinian state. 4. Before the Islamic State of the Mamluks from Egypt, the Arab-Kurdish Empire was the Ayyubid, not a Palestinian state. 5. Before the Ayyubid Empire was the Frankish and Christian Kingdom of Jerusalem, not a Palestinian state. 6. Before the Kingdom of Jerusalem was the Umayyad and Fatimid empire, not a Palestinian state. 7. Before the Umayyad and Fatimid empires, the Byzantine Empire was not a Palestinian state. 8. Before the Byzantine Empire, there were Sassanids, not a Palestinian state. 9. Before the Sassanid Empire was the Byzantine Empire, not a Palestinian state. 10. Before the Byzantine Empire was the Roman Empire, not a Palestinian state. 11. Before the Roman Empire it was a Hasmonean state, not a Palestinian state. 12. Before the Hasmonean state was the Seleucid, not a Palestinian state. 13. Before the Seleucid Empire was the Empire of Alexander, not a Palestinian state. 14. Before Alexander's empire it was the Persian Empire, not a Palestinian state. 15. Before the Persian Empire was the Babylonian Empire, not a Palestinian state. 16. Before the Babylonian Empire were the kingdoms of Israel and Judah, not a Palestinian state. 17. Before the kingdoms of Israel and Judah, there was no kingdom of Israel in the kingdom of Israel, not a Palestinian state. 18. Before the Kingdom of Israel, the theocracy of the twelve tribes of Israel was not a Palestinian state. 19. Before the theocracy of the twelve tribes of Israel, there was an accumulation of independent Canaanite city-kingdoms, not a Palestinian state. 20. In fact, in this plot of land kingdoms fell and fell .. But there was never a Palestinian state or a people…-/:()
British Mandate of PALESTINE, inhabited by PALESTINIANS and not british, for centuries and millennia. It was called Palestine for four thousand years, most modern countries didn’t exist what a silly tired argument, can’t believe I’m arguing with a hasbara bot.
@@velumadhavsanthanam6354 google it, check wiki, the word goes back to ancient Egyptian documents, Herodotus wrote of a "district of Syria, called Palaistinê in 5th century BC of the area between Phoenicia and and Egypt way before romans, across history it was called Palestine more than anything, and the natives call it that so take your orientalism/colonialism/white washing/propaganda elsewhere.
Man I love your content I watched all Episode's you made on the middle east and I am shocked on the quality and on the amout of Information you use👍 Keep your content up
@@ElVaquero19 *Validation of information* may not be *Your Goal* , for acquiring knowledge, but some of us like to know if the sources we reference are *accurate* . *Trust but verify* , all information. Otherwise you become part of the problem of spreading *mis-information* . Humans are not parrots, we do more than repeat what we’ve heard.
@@ElVaquero19 No but you specifically replied to my post indicating that my methods of acquiring knowledge is somehow flawed. I’m always opened to constructive criticism… I believe one can even thank valid advice from their worst enemy. Not saying you’re an enemy, just saying that all information should be considered as long as it is based on factual, verifiable information. In reference to this video the was a lot of information that I personally don’t know much about. Therefore instead of thanking that information at face value and possibly referencing it at some point. Either in conversations or research. I *choose* to verify it from multiple sources.
In all the comments regarding this video relaying a portion of the very convoluted history of the Middle East and part of Asia; everyone is forgetting that what it really conveys, is that competing claims to the same territory, if anyone of the parties refuse to work with the other parties to resolve the disputes amicably, they will go to war to solve the question. That’s how humans have always operated. For what ever side is considered oppressed or invaders is dependent upon allegiances the person considering the matter holds. I
Still waiting on Jabzy to share his sources for the Africa, China, and Middle East series. The production quality of each is stellar, but we need much more transparency on where he's getting all his information. Without a bibliography there is no way to verify that everything described in the video is accurate, or be confident that plagiarism has not taken place.
@@Dorian-lq3up I actually haven't lol. Really appreciate that more people are recognizing how much of a plague YT plagiarism is since its release though. veritas et caritas has a really good video on how plagiarism manifests in History TH-cam specifically (first link), as well as a tier list of history channels which *mostly* boils down to bad research and transparency practices. (second link) th-cam.com/video/9Lrvnkt2cZA/w-d-xo.html th-cam.com/video/V7qV7QBxmTE/w-d-xo.html
thank you very much. i was a big fan of history buffs, kraut, and extra history. very sad to see how they have fallen up short. what are some history youtubers that are still entertaining without resorting to really bad history or large amounts of plagerism@@p00bix
Jersualem wasnt very poupleted and he most likely talked about the negav, where theres literly nothing. there was less then 30-40k back then, and most of the people poupleted other places, jersulam wasnt so important back then.
Back then, Jerusalem was still mostly the walled old city, which is very small, though it was during that era that new neighborhoods were starting to be built outside the walls by Muslims, Christians and Jews. The first Jewish Neighborhood outside the walls was called Mishkanot Sha'ananim and was founded in 1860.
FYI - Tirana was not the historical capital of Albania. It became capital in the 1920s. Before that it was just a minor town. The historical Albanian capitals were Kruja and Durrësi. Similarly, Athens had not been the Greek capital for a long time, and was not the favoured choice by Greeks for the Greek capital following independence.
This is such an interesting video and looking at the history step by step just proves how rich it is! If you just look at the surface you would not know any of this.
Could you do a series on what the *Allies* wanted in WW2? It's an interesting less-explored part of of the vindictive fallout of WW2 and I would be majorly interested in hearing what both the major and minor nations wanted the world to look like without Germany, though your very comprehensive lens.
PART I *"During World War II, study groups of the (US) State Department and Council on Foreign Relations developed plans for the postwar world in terms of what they called the "Grand Area," which was to be subordinated to the needs of the American economy.* The Grand Area was to include the Western Hemisphere, Western Europe, the Far East, the former British Empire *(which was being dismantled), (§§§footnote)* the incomparable energy resources of the Middle East (which were then passing into American hands as we pushed out our rivals France and Britain), the rest of the Third World and, if possible, the entire globe. These plans were implemented, as opportunities allowed." SOURCE: GEORGE KENNAN AND THE HISPANIC-LUSITANIAN WORLD: A CONTEMPORARY REFLECTION Antonio Luis Ramos Membrive US strategist in these think tanks lay out the scheme of what was going to be the new post-war reality, as a "Grand Area" as an almost exclusive "back yard", and under their "natural rights" for the USA to control. Every part of the new world order was assigned a specific function. The more industrial countries were to be guided as "great workshops". Those who had demonstrated their prowess during the war (would now be working under US supervision/finance). More, undeveloped regions were to "fulfill its major function as a source of raw materials and a market" for the industrial centers, as a memo put it. They were to be "exploited" for the reconstruction of Europe (The references are to South America and Africa, but the points are general.) To further quote the article: "These declassified documents are read only by scholars, who apparently find nothing odd or jarring in all this." Note, all words in quotes were actual words used IN THIS OFFICIAL US DOCUMENT, and the thesis and its quoted sources can all be downloaded for free, from the www, and using these key words provided for your search engine. --------------------------------- After around 1940, ... (quote) "Alvin Hansen envisioned a joint Soviet-American domination of Europe that anticipated Henry Kissinger’s subsequent “Partnership of Strength.” Hansen observed in 1945, at the outset of his study of America’s Role in the World Economy, that the great new postwar fact would be “the rise of Russia on the one side of the globe and the economic and military power of the United States on the other. A happy geographical accident (§§§footnote) - two great powers occupying vast continents and controlling vast resources in areas that are noncompetitive - this fact must be set down as a dominating and directing force in the future course of history. We are confronted here with a completely new constellation of forces. *Within this framework the role of France, Germany and ENGLAND of necessity must be something very different from that set by the European patterns of past generations..." "During the war its diplomats had come to recognize that given America’s economic supremacy, a more open international economy would not impair the U.S. economy, but would link the economic activity of other non-Communist countries into a satellite relationship with the United States. It was unlikely that in the foreseeable future foreign countries dependent for their reconstruction on the inflow of U.S. resources could interfere in U.S. domestic policies. *On the other hand the reverse, an extension of U.S. influence over other countries, was visibly possible.* Thus, whereas America had boycotted the League of Nations after the First World War as a threat to its domestic sovereignty, it no longer feared multilateralism. Quite visibly, the more open and interlinked the postwar international economy became, the greater would be the force of U.S. diplomacy throughout the world." From "Super Imperialism: The Economic Strategy of American Empire.", Michael Hudson, 2nd edition 2003
PART II "What actually occurred was that Britain and other countries became hopelessly indebted to the United States once again (edit: during World War 2) ... *“We have profited by our past mistakes,” announced Roosevelt in a speech delivered on September 3, 1942. “This time we shall know how to make full use of victory.” This time the U.S. Government would conquer its allies in a more enlightened manner, by demanding economic concessions of a legal and political nature instead of futilely seeking repayment of its wartime loans (of World War 1).* The new postwar strategy sought and secured foreign markets for U.S. exports, and new fields for American investment capital in Europe’s raw materials producing colonial areas. Despite Roosevelt’s assurances to the contrary, Britain was compelled, under the Lend-Lease agreements and the terms of the first great U.S. postwar loan to Britain, to relinquish Empire Preference and to open all its markets to U.S. competition, at a time when Britain desperately needed these markets as a means by which to fund its sterling debt. Most important of all, Britain was forced to unblock its sterling and foreign-exchange balances built up by its colonies and other Sterling Area countries during the wartime years. Instead of the Allied Powers as a whole bearing the costs of these wartime credits to British Empire countries, they would be borne by Britain itself. Equally important, they would not be used as “blocked” balances that could be used only to buy British or other Sterling Area exports, but would be freed to purchase exports from any nation. Under postwar conditions this meant that they would be used in large part to purchase U.S. exports." (page 115/116) "By relinquishing its right to block these balances, Britain gave up its option, while enabling the United States to make full use of its gold stock as the basis for postwar lending to purchased generalized (primarily U.S.) exports. *At a stroke, Britain’s economic power was broken. What Germany as foe had been unable to accomplish in two wars against Britain, the United States accomplished with ease as its ally."* (Page 117) "Furthermore, under the terms on which it joined the International Monetary Fund, Britain could not devalue the pound sterling so as to dissipate the foreign-exchange value of these balances. Its liability thus was maximized - and so was America’s gain from the pool of liquidity that these balances now represented." ("Super Imperialism: The Economic Strategy of American Empire." -- Michael Hudson, 2nd edition 2003) In case that seems a bit technical, here is the "nutshell version": Just like the bank takes your house if you don't pay up in the real world, the British Empire was run into the ground by the "best friends" USA, who stole the Empire's markets; hidden behind a whole lot of "technical jargon", thereby taking the means London had to pay its debts. A suitable micro level example would be the bank having an eye on your house, then making sure you get fired so you can't pay your debt. On the macro level the term is "debt trap diplomacy", and on the (privatized) propaganda level the means is "projection: accuse somebody else of being something which one is oneself", and that "being" has started waaaaaay earlier as a matter of own policy. A "debt trap" the Allies walked into after 1916, after they had spent all their own money, and squeezed as much out of their colonies as they could get away with, but refused to come to terms at the negotiating table: another factor usually associated with the Central Powers. ----------------------------------- "At the end of the war [WW2], Britain, physically devastated and financially bankrupt, lacked factories to produce goods for rebuilding, the materials to rebuild the factories or purchase the machines to fill them, or with the money to pay for any of it. Britain’s situation was so dire, the government sent the economist John Maynard Keynes with a delegation to the US to beg for financial assistance, claiming that Britain was facing a "financial Dunkirk”. The Americans were willing to do so, on one condition: They would supply Britain with the financing, goods and materials to rebuild itself, but dictated that Britain must first eliminate those Sterling Balances by repudiating all its debts to its colonies. The alternative was to receive neither assistance nor credit from the US. *Britain, impoverished and in debt, with no natural resources and no credit or ability to pay, had little choice but to capitulate. And of course with all receivables cancelled and since the US could produce today, those colonial nations had no further reason for refusing manufactured goods from the US. The strategy was successful. By the time Britain rebuilt itself, the US had more or less captured all of Britain’s former colonial markets, and for some time after the war’s end the US was manufacturing more than 50% of everything produced in the world. And that was the end of the British Empire, and the beginning of the last stage of America’s rise."* [globalresearch(dot)ca/save-queen/5693500] §§§footnote If you wish to know more about exactly how the British Empire was "being dismantled," the below comments section is comprehensive.
Twain’a visit was satirical and ignores more prosperous regions like Jabal Nablus and Jaffa. A lot of evangelicals at the time characterizes the region as desolate to support their argument for colonization. You can look at Victor Guren and Gertrude Bell accounts and see a completely different image.
Jaffa was a poor city of 2-3k ppl with little to no significance. Hell, the Jewish city of Tiberius which was majority Jewish for the last 500 years was more significant. Why do you think the Jews built Tel Aviv there? Because it was essentially empty. To need to stoop to juxapositing Mark Twain as an evangelical or in support of colonization is a very low point.
I don't think you've read Bell. "Under the banks the Bedouin used to lie in wait to rob and murder the pilgrims as they passed. Fifteen years ago the Jericho road was as lawless a track as is the country now that lies beyond Jordan: security has travelled a few miles eastward during the past decade. " "I noted another sign of encroaching civilisation in the shape of two half starved soldiers, the guard of the nearest halting place on the Ḥājj railroad, which is called Zīza after the ruins a few miles to the west of it. The object of their visit was the lean hen which one of them held in his hand. " "The eastern side of the Ghōr is much more fertile than the western. Enough water flows from the beautiful hills of Ajlūn to turn the plain into a garden, but the supply is not stored, and the Arabs of the 'Adwān tribes content themselves with the sowing of a little corn." "The fortunes of the Arab are as varied as those of a gambler on the Stock Exchange. One day he is the richest man in the desert, and next morning he may not have a single camel foal to his name. He lives in a state of war, and even if the surest pledges have been exchanged with the neighbouring tribes there is no certainty that a band of raiders from hundreds of miles away will not descend on his camp in the night, as a tribe unknown to Syria, the Beni Awājeh, fell, two years ago, on the lands south-east of Aleppo, crossing three hundred miles of desert, Mardūf (two on a camel) from their seat above Baghdad, carrying off all the cattle and killing scores of people. How many thousand years this state of things has lasted"
It's not complicated and not ancient. Literally in the late 1800s the invasion of zionists jews from Europe coupled by the British colonization is the root of it all.
Does the Addition "Turki" to a name mean that they are from turkish descent? Because A lot of People who have Al Kurdi or Al Faris as there second or first name are kurdish or Perisan,does the same count for Turki?
Either they're of Turkish ancestry, spent much time among Turks and/or adhered to them, or their ancestor was simply named Turki (there was a Saudi Prince with that name, to give you a sense of how possible it is). The same goes for the others: "Faris" can mean "Persia", but in this context it more commonly means "horseman" or "knight", and Faris is, in fact, a common name in Arabic, with that latter meaning. Some weird people tend to put this to their advantage, but I'd rather not embarrass the guy whose example comes to mind. EDIT: While the name for Persia and the word al-Faris (the knight) are homophones, they are NOT etymologically related. The word for knight comes from the root f-r-s, native to Arabic (we also get "faras"--"Steed" from this root); Hebrew has a cognate. There are other cases: I know of one family that got named "al-Masri", not because the founder was an Egyptian, but because he was a businessman who did a lot of business in Egypt (to the point of getting an Egyptian twang). Point is, you should be careful assuming the etymology of a surname in Arabic. A lot of the time, it is a case of "what you see is what you get" (al-Kurdi indeed largely means the nominal ancestor was a Kurd), but sometimes, it gets a little counter-intuitive.
@@abriefsummaryofhistory7449 Happy to help. For the sake of completeness: another thing to keep in mind is that it wasn't unusual for people who became clients (mawali) of a patron clan, to adopt the patron clan's "nisba" (surname)--particularly if they marry into the tribe. So there's no guarantee that the person with a surname is themselves a direct descendant of the founder of a given family line. Also, not everyone descended from a given group is going to be named after it. In Hebron, a full 1/3 of the families are said to be Kurdish in origin (mostly 12th-13th centuries veterans from the Ayyubid Army). However, hardly any actually have the surname "Kurdi". My own family is an example: we're supposedly named after a Kurdish officer (EDIT: from the Ayyubid period, to be clear). Actually, this family is a great example, because it shows something else I mentioned: we have something of a debate in the family over the exact origins of the clan, because there's a town in Saudi Arabia with the same name. So we know our family is considered of Kurdish origin, but what we don't know is if he was actually Kurdish, or an Arab who adhered to the Kurds (i.e., Ayyubids). We can't even be sure the town has anything to do with the surname: the name itself is in Arabic.
Al Turki means from Turkey. Al Faris, means the courageous like a Faris = Horseman Al Farisi means from Persia = Belad Faris = land of Faris Faris and Turki without the Al, are just names.. Many Saudi family members are named Turki, despite being eternal enemies of the Ottoman Empire.
A bit difficult to follow, the pace is a bit fast and the chapters are difficult to separate from each other but what an impressive research, fascinating material, thank you.
Tbh I always find it weird people are care so mucha nd are so emotional about israel palestine. Like some bad stuff happens there, but a lot of similar stuff happens around the region. I find it weird we can calmly talk about the syrian civil war but get so emotional over the conflict next door.
It is weird but easily explained. There is a saying in english "no jews no news". Muslims don't care when other muslims kill each other in the more than millions like in syria but really care about the israeli arab conflict that hasn't produced even a tenth of the casualties in all wars for 70 years. They are jew haters pure and simple. It's in the main stream and every part of muslim life in the middle east.
@@ohadhoffman7078Why this arrogance? It’s in your interest to make all your neighbors poor and weak. This is why you conspired 911 to destroy Iraq. Together with the US, you created ISIS to destroy Syria and Libya. Once Israel ceases to exist, there will be peace in the Region. You’re the reason pan-Arabism failed. Why do you think you Europeans can create your own state in the Middle East? You could have lived with the Palestinians and adapted to their culture. Instead you saw yourselves as owners rather than guests and created militias to kill both British soldiers and Palestinians. By adapting to our culture I mean speaking Arabic. Even the Christian’s speak Arabic why did you think you could create your own conlang and force it upon others. FYI modern Hebrew is not Semitic. The phonology is entirely European and you have many consonants that you can’t even differentiate. for example ק and כ are not the same. You borrowed a lot of Russian and German words and grammar. You almost lost all your fricative consonants and you didn’t even speak Hebrew in Europe until it was reconstructed so you have no right to say you’re middle eastern. Don’t you see you’re the problem?
because they hate Jews lmao. Muslim and Christian alike. Look up all the prosecution Jews suffered under Muslim and Christian ever since the Roman Empire expelled them from their homeland in Israel. It doesn't matter what Israel do, as long as it's the Jews the theoists will come after them: ""Jewish are obliged to live in a separate part of town, for they are considered as unclean creatures. Under the pretext of their being unclean, they are treated with the greatest severity and should they enter a street, inhabited by Mussulmans, they are pelted by the boys and mobs with stones and dirt. For the same reason, they are prohibited to go out when it rains; for it is said the rain would wash dirt off them, which would sully the feet of the Mussulmans. If a Jew is recognized as such in the streets, he is subjected to the greatest insults. The passers-by spit in his face, and sometimes beat him, unmercifully. If a Jew enters a shop for anything, he is forbidden to inspect the goods. Should his hand incautiously touch the goods, he must take them at any price the seller chooses to ask for them. Sometimes the Persians intrude into the dwellings of the Jews and take possession of whatever please them. Should the owner make the least opposition in defense of his property, he incurs the danger of atoning for it with his life. If a Jew shows himself in the street during the three days of the Katel (Muharram), he is sure to be murdered." - J.J Benjamin, historian and traveler 1851.
Because many governments more than just those who are literalist or conservative rely on the Holy Land as their cultural derivative of .....well their society. If you trace your authority to the Roman Empire and you trace it through either Constantine or Justinian, you are referencing Jerusalem. If you are from the Muslim part of the world, you have a stake in taking a stance on issues about Jerusalem with a contrary view to Judeo-Christian expectations. Islam was spread far abroad across India and Indonesia, not just Arabia and North Africa. So the American defeat of the Barbary Pirates is much too small to expect the Muslim faction to just lose traction on the map. There are many Muslim communities outside the influence of the Ottoman Empire who would still be motivated to ask the questions that you get to from Ishmael and Israel. Since Varangian guards make a connection between the Russians and the Byzantines, and Uighyurs make a connection between Islam and the Chinese, Then a huge % of the world has an opinion. The Hispanic world was.....influenced by the leadership of Spain. Catholics. So essentially every country in the world has a reason to care about the two questions: 1. How religious should the Middle-East be? 2. Which religion should the Middle-East be? Even those seeking more secularism cannot get very far because secular governments are too new and unstable and must trace some kind of cultural connection to the old ways to at least prove they are truly improvements resting on the foundation so as not to be too frighteningly new or far away from original starting points of understanding.
People don't want an atheist government or a government that is too religious. They want....a mythology, a culture, a Lore, and they do want the freedom to interpret their heritage to their liking. Process being Skywalkers on their own terms but they all want to be Skywalkers. And they want to decide what it means to them to be a Skywalker. An Heir.
Twain hated his trip to Palestine, and was remarkable at the time for communicating his honest opinion of its poverty and misery as the fashion was for people to rave piously and with Christian enthusiasm about coming back from Palestine amazed and spiritually transformed by its wonders.
Twain’s Palestine remarks were taken out of context. And even if they weren’t, they were complete lies and falsifications but I’m pretty sure they were taken out of context.
@@anubis8586 They weren't much of the region was devastated by a revolt in the 1834-35 against Muhamma Ali's rule over the Syrian province. The conflict was between the Egyptian militia raised by Muhammad Ali and led by his son and the Arab fellaheen who called the southern part of Syria home. They were brutally put down and it caused substantial damage to the area, that mixed with the fact that the biggest land owners in the area typically resided in big cities such as Beirut, Sidon, Nazareth, Jerusalem, left the country to be populated mostly by Fellaheen. It was by no means some bustling metropolitan area but a backwater owned by an elite few and populated by peasantry who lived up in the highlands dude the rebellion damaging the coastal plain and leaving it neglected.
about 9:10 a newspaper Filistine is mentioned. NOT as an early palestine-arab newspaper, but sooner, as an overall newspaper from Palestine. Possibly even - jewish palestinian...
What about it? It doesn't matter where the Jews migrated from to Israel, it's the Jews ancestral homeland, they have every right to come back. Palestine was never a country, never a state... Just because the place was called palestine(renamed Judea) doesn't mean anything. Also there were always Jews in the land, not everyone migrated.
I think if we are talking about palestine ecologically it is also important to keep the Romans in mind as well. The Roman Jewish war saw large scale deforestation in the later chapters. Sam Aronow has a good accessible video mentioning it if i remember correctly. In all fairness this video is on a specific period but I think beyond your own political allegiance if history is to be a useful study context is key to building a real understanding
I hate to break it to you but the roman jewish war was over 1000 years before this videos timeline, more than enough time for reforestation if that were the source
@@christophercyr1460 you aren't breaking anything to me man, no reason to get defensive at me pointing out important context unless you are emotionally invested in some narrative.
@@benjamindrake6065 I am aware, but it would be fun to bring up for people claiming the islamisation of Europe is ongoing when we got Hajji Wilhelm and the Five Mullahs on the track 💯💯
@@tomz5704 Very much aware, let’s throw in Hitler and the Handschar division for good measure. Although that was more for the belief that Bosniaks were convertable Croats
Not gonna lie but quoting Mark Twain and other orientalists as a matter of fact irked me as they clearly had an agenda and are not authoritative historical documents.
it tells by itself the interesting information of how a traveller could have seen the state of the place as it was back then. They are primary sources and sometimes, their opinions tells a lot of historically interesting information about how people back then thought of the world around them. Also orientalism is not necessarily a bad thing, like in all things, there are people who had a passion for "the east" and wanted to understand it and others who were simply biggots seeking to affirm their superiority.
Thank you for this, much better and more neutral take than most other history youtubers. Very much welcome after watching Casual Historians' cherry picked and biased propaganda video on the subject.
@@basuta-dshrara Nah, Casual Historian's coverage of the Palestinian Mandate period has a really strong pro-Israeli bias, to an extent that made even my Zionist ass uncomfortable. Characterizing purchasing land from absentee landlords as simple legal land purchases, without so much as acknowledging the moral issues involved in new landlords booting tenant farmers who had lived there for decades or centuries to create room for Jewish settlement, stands out as especially bad. As does his tendency to treat 'Arabs' as a hivemind of antisemites, reactionaries, and xenophobes, while recognizing the wide range in ideological divisions and attitudes among the Jewish community. It's probably the most detailed YT documentary on that period in Palestinian and Israeli history, and I applaud it for its frank discussion of how the Grand Mufti Amin al-Husseini deliberately inflamed antisemitism to maintain his oppressive grip over the Palestinian people. But ultimately its bias is so shameless that I can't in good conscience recommend it to anyone trying to learn more about the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
Seriously, Casual Historian's video was dense, but I was suspicious as to how he emphasized all Arab violence against Jewish people, but de-emphasized Zionist terror and portrayed them as purely on the defensive. I need to do more research, but still...
Palestine was lightly populated with half a million when the British assumed control. Often overlooked is the massive influx of Egyptians into British Palestine for work at the close of World Wars one. Palestine, then Isreal, had both Arab and Jewish immigrants
Yes - I've seen an interview with a Gazan Palestinian who talked all about how "this land is ours" and immediately after explained that his grandparents had come to Palestine from Egypt for work. With zero sense of irony. Almost as though his cause was more Arab ethnic nationalism that anything to do with Palestinian nationhood.
@@pqunit "the land is ours" isnt a dig at his ethnicity but probably the fact that his grandparents most likely owned land they were kicked out of by Jewish militias
@@aunnaqvi3133actually likely not. Most of the Arabs that lived in Palestine didn’t own the property on which they lived. Most were tenant farmers. And most of the Arabs who moved from Egypt, Syria and elsewhere during the British mandate for work didn’t own property. Part of the issue many Arabs had with the Jewish immigration was that the Jews were buying a lot of the land, but weren’t using the Arabs as labor and consequently evicting those Arabs tenants.
The Arabs most likely owned and lived in houses. Anyone who is from the Middle East knows the conditions here due to extreme weather can be harsh. And you are kinda playing the nomad stereotype. Nomadic lifestyle in the middle east doesn't mean the same as other places. They build and own houses but they can abandon them if the conditions get too extreme. And Arabs during the dark ages were pioneers in engineering, research and science. And some of the zionists did start buying houses but the Nakba was forced and brutal evacuation, which took place in 1948, and was almost as brutal as what Israel is doing now.
@@Vienic2 @MSP1226 I would prefer them in a bibliography so I can check them later instead of having to look through the video. I'm really interested in middle eastern history so I would like the sources in a bibliography and properly so I can better understand this period better in a way that can't be covered in a yt video. I watched the video as well and he didn't properly cite the sources if you can point to where he stated all of the sources with a time stamp I would appreciate it.
@@livrowland171 plenty do this sometimes I question the applicability of the sources they cite but most educational channels I come across cite sources
@@livrowland171 Multiple ones, to show transparency and that you didn't just made it up on the spot. The Histocrat does it, The Great War does it, Cambrian Chronicles does it. The code of honour of the historian requires it, so that anyone can fact check it or uncover the origin of information down to the very origin down the requoting line.
@@JabzyJoe as long as you don't advocate for a one state solution, calling you either would be stupid. But then again, the people who want the destruction of either Israel of palestine are stupid cunts.
When? Are you going to back that up with anything? The only time the Jewish people were killed enmasse in the region was the Roman-Israeli wars and then there was a removal of one town in the 1920s after 6000 Zionists were calling for complete Jewish control of the mandate of Palestine. As soon as the European settlers like Benjamin Mileikowskys parents stepped foot in Palestine they’ve been slaughtering the inhabitants in droves and that’s exactly why the Israelis leadership propped up and supported Hamas because after the first intifada gunning down unarmed civilians wasn’t a great look for the IDF scum so they created an enemy to use as a scapegoat to then proceed to just slaughter unarmed civilians but claim some guys with guns were in the group so a bunch of 30 year old white people in Boston can claim that Israel is oppressed. The population of Israel was less than 10% Jewish before the late 1800’s and had around 240,000 Muslims and 22,000 Christian’s and 6000 Jewish people until the colonial policy and movement of Europeans was set up. They don’t have a right to live there because of an old book ‘said so’ or ancestors. As an Anglo Saxon, Norman, Christian etc. I’m not going to walk into Germany and France and claim it is all mine because of history or walk into Jerusalem and claim it’s mine because the bible. The ‘Israeli’ people are Europeans not Israelites and having to pay extra taxes under Islamic rule doesn’t equate to genocide or forced removal, Christians were there for hundreds of years and haven’t set up a theocratic fascist state like Israel has. Israel won’t exist in 100 years and has no right to, it’s a colonial project propped up by the US and other Europeans who feel bad about WWII and let the victims get away with another genocide. Free Palestine 🇵🇸
oh i just realized you have already uploaded them - it would be really helpful if you had included them in the main middle east playlist following chronological order. also i am confused about the three loooong middle east videos you have on your channel (the 4:09, 6:42 and 4:39 hours respectively) - are those 'just' the 21 videos joined together or separately produced videos ?
@@SethTheOrigin It sucked but where didnt it suck? Syria sucked as well so did the Balkans that doesent mean you cann transform the demographics and create a colony at the expense of the locals. There was even a Plan for a Jewish state in Albania. The zionists were merciless they didnt care be it Palestine or Albania or even Kenya they were going to get their ''homeland'' even if it was at the expense of someone else didnt the nazis want to depopulate Eastern Europe and settle it with German? Isnt zionism just a Jewish version of Lebensraum?
@@hishamalaker491The Zionists may have been merciless, but the Arabs were on the same level as them, Israeli militant groups in Palestine were formed due to the increasing acts of extremism and violence by the Arabs many of them advocated for the complete removal of the Jews from the land through violent means (Genocide, deportation, pogroms, etc..) and uproot the Jews from Palestine once and for all. You are probably aware by now but both groups incited violent brawls between each other, which killed hundreds or thousands of Jews and Arabs, fuelling radicalism within both camps. During the 1936 Palestinian uprising, many Arab intellectuals and clerics preached for the complete extermination of the Jews (something similar to the final solution in Germany) and prominent Palestinians like Amin Al Husseini praised Nazi ideals.
That really doesn’t matter like at all. With this definition, any country today that was once a province inside a larger empire can no longer be seen as a legitimate state.
@@frontendprotogy6749ok and that’s true for a lot of places there were no countries called Pakistan, Bangladesh, Indonesia, etc but like Palestine they still had people who were native there before colonialism
This video has a level of detail 95% of viewers are completely incapable of comprehending and tbh probably dont even care about. I, though, greatly appreciate your work inspite on the inevitable BS you have to see.
The British Empire fought and won against its biggest rival in Germany. I´m more interested in how you convince the most powerful empire in history to willfully end itself at the height of its achievements. This whole conflict just exists because of this. In a normal case the whole levant would stay under British and maybe French control until someone else takes it.
The British Empire? That wasn't the height. Britain was the biggest loser of WWII. They technically won on a piece of paper but after being blockaded and bombed they were so completely bankrupt that the empire could never have been saved. Because historians are fanatically pro British for some ungodly reason they gloss over all contributing factors for the collapse and record that the empire "just felt like letting it all go" or "thought decolonization was more humane" or other incomprehensible Anglophilia that nobody can understand. They lost worse than the French or Italians and had to release 90% or so of their territory as a result. That's the detail that historians are trying to fabricate confusion about.
@@matthewkottler5553 "They lost worse than the French or Italians and had to release 90% or so of their territory as a result." But why? I don´t believe that this is the reason. When your biggest enemy is destroyed it doesn´t matter that you´re weakened you still won. Yet they lost even more territory than the losers. This makes no sense and never happened in history before. Losing against the nazis would have left them with more territory. The only threats left for Britain after the war were the Soviet Union,The Americans and traitors from within. This is where the answer lies.
@@matthewkottler5553You cant really keep the worlds largest empire when you are only the worlds third biggest power behind the usa and ussr. Thats what the ottomans found out when they were about the 5th most powerfull empire in europe with basically the largest amount of land. Basically all of their land got taken by the russians, austrians and french or liberated or taken by the british.
Mentioning that Jerusalem had between third and half Jewish population but failing to mention that the Jewish population in all of Palestine didn’t reach 10% at that time is an interesting decision
@@mrmr446 Out of all information left out in the video, the "interesting decision" to not state the overall population. Seems like there's some degree of intent assumed. I mean, besides me saying most of the people were rural and, stating the Cities the early Zionists first moved to. I tend to assume the intelligence of people watching this video to know the region was predominantly Muslim. Much like, I did a video on China and discussed the number of Jews in Kaifeng - without stating the population outside the City was mainly Chinese. Everybody knows this. So seems an odd thing to highlight. Unless you want to assume intent.
@@JabzyJoe maybe I'm being too literal but I read 'that was a choice' as asking a question. You mentioned the number of Zionist inhabitants is disputed only a few more words could have given a range or upper limit. No doubt there's a lot I have written that were I asked I couldn't say what I was thinking when I wrote it so I don't assume intent.
Interesting that today nobody talks about how much of the Middle East had been colonized by the Ottoman Turks! Turks used also take slaves the region too
Just because I’m Free Palestine/ the Palestinian people does not mean I’m anti-Semitic. What us Brits did when leaving our colonies was disgusting particularly with the borders we drew which many modern/ current conflicts have been effected/ caused by. I believe in freedom for the Palestinian innocents and the ceasing of all hostilities in the region. Edit: that does not mean I am against the creation of a Jewish state either, I believe that more thought should’ve been given during the decolonisation period and that societies in the west should’ve done more to protect the Jewish and Islamic faiths in the European countries after the horrid acts which occurred during WW2
@JabzyJoe did a video a couple months ago, based on tribal breakdowns in the historical Middle East, how the Arab world should have been partitioned, the truth is, I don't really think if the Brits and all of Europe had simply just allowed an Arab Kingdom led by the Hashemites, that a. it would've happened, and b. that it would lead to the so called peace in the Middle East that too many people blame on the Balfour Declaration. I also think as we know the Brits did attempt to fix the conflict between the Jews and the Arabs, something that even the Ottomans were struggling to deal with prior to their ever being a Balfour Declaration. I'm not saying that the Brits are blameless, but at the end of the day, History gives us what it gives us, and at some point we have to work with what we have and make the best out of it. Which is why I believe it's really on the Palestinians and Israel to make the best out of the situation. At the end of the day, not even America, the most powerful country in the world has been able to strong arm Israel or Palestine into accepting a two state solution and putting violence aside. They couldn't do it in the 2000's and they couldn't do it now, not to talk of the Brits. Nation States ultimately decide their destiny, and yes, people outside of them can march, scream and protest, but unless you're willing to invade and govern in place, you have to accept that it is the citizens and their governments that will have to figure this stuff out on their own, no matter how much sympathy or empathy you have for the innocent i.e. if Hamas has less sympathy for the innocents than you do, there's not much you or the U.N. can do about it, since ultimately they are the ones that govern Gaza.
There was a contract between the second Khalifa of the Muslims Hazrat Umar and the Christians at the time that ruled Jerusalem the contract said that Jews can come here and visit their Holy sites but cannot build houses or live in this land
@@amsn7240 Yes, you are right that Sinai was part of egypt and not palestine since the 13s century. But egypt was incorporated into the ottoman empire in 1517. So egypt was ruled by the ottoman provincial gouvernment of the eyalet of egypt. Even after muhammed alis reign, sinai was administered by it untill 1906, when the ottoman empire formally transfered the administration to the khedivate of egypt which meant at that time that it came under british control. so only the border between british and ottoman controled territory at that time is disputable. not their belonging to palestine or egypt.
@@yehyaali4701 He wasn't identified as Palestinian in the sense of identity, but as the name of the place he lived. Just like all Jews in Palestine also referred to themselves as Palestinians until 1948. It's like someone in Turkey would say he is "Anatolian"
@@yehyaali4701 Greater Palestine was Jordan, Lebanon and Southern Syria - only Jews were consistently referred to as "Palestinian" in the 19th century. Arabs at that time saw themselves as belonging to "Bilad al Shams" ....the land of Southern Syria.
Good video honestly, but there is no mention of Nablus which was the main city (or one of them at least) in Palestine, as well as other twons like Haifa, acre, etc
leila khaled wrote books ? i did read ilan pappe though but benny morris btfoed him and his response "well everyone is biased therefore i can lie" response was shite, avi shlaim is a way better anti zionist historian than pappe
Am an Israeli Jew and am sure everyone in this comment section will discuss with respect and manners. Am also convinced no one will reply with Free Palestine to me considering I am not in fact the Israeli Prime Minister❤️
Thanks for this amazing video. What went wrong during the years of english mandate? For every jew that entered 4 arabs came -Joan Peters. The jews went thru a strict control before they were allowed to enter (came by ship), while the arabs could enter more freely (by land). If the arabs had undergone the same control and was to satify the same demands, as the jews, most of them were to be expelled. This means that most of the palestians living in Israel today are decendants of arabs that didn`t qualify to settle in the area. Why do politicians always tend to mess up?
I'm sure the comment section in this video will be very civilized and polite.
It would turn into an average Balkan debate.
*"You are week sperm you r week sperm"*
We don't need to see this joke every time a new video drops.
Thanks.
It will be once us Europeans have colonised it.
Thats what they always say
first off, thanks again for all these amazing vids. i love them - I think it would make them even better you marked the locations and names of towns and regions that you mention as you narrate!
germans...
Living in Illinois the comparison between Jerusalem and Springfield blows me away
Nah, don't get the wrong impression. It still does to this day !
Exactly. Twain lived I. The tropical Ozarks where I live. And he lived in the Ozarks when slavery still flourished in the US! These comments are dumb as fuck when you put it in context
My Mom is from the Ozarks like Twain and she hates the desert. She hates Arizona and the SW. the desert is not for everyone esp if you are from the tropical ozarks.
This video is a piece of sh*t
? What
Simpson town !
As a Kuwaiti I'm surprised about how accurate the info about Kuwait and it's influence in the Arabian Peninsula. And for any videos in the time frame of the 1920s we had a war with Saudi Arabia which had 2 main battles, battle of Hamdh (which we lost and it forced the then Emir Salem Al-Mubarak to build the third wall of Kuwait and the first wall of Jahra) and the battle of Jahra (which we won after being sieged in the Red Fort in Jahra), after that the Uqair Convention happened and we lost ⅔ of our lands.
Also Fun Fact! Mubarak was nicknamed the lion of the peninsula and Mubarak the Great. And all Emirs of Kuwait since his rule had to be from his lineage and not just a defendant of Sabah the first.
Wtf? 2/3? That's brutal😢
@@spointz8936 yeah ik Google sheikhdom of Kuwait map to see our old borders before the war
Yeah but sadly from a lot of people I've even talk to they laugh at Kuwait because it's basically a colony of wealthy westerners
The funny thing is, that's Dubai, not Kuwait. we don't have a lot of wealthy westerners or westerners to be more precise. we mostly have Arabs and Southeast Asians (who are usually low to middle class).@@demianperez1182
At 0:55 the Ottoman Empire levied taxes through tax farmers, who bought from the Sultan the right to tax a region while still giving the Sultan a cut, and then behaved just as corruptly and oppressively as one might fear.
Unfortunately man is largely amoral some good some evil most just are. So any system of government which depends upon human decency at any point it's fucked maybe not instantly but eventually it is fucked. That's why I like government which ensures individual freedom's firstly and nothing or little else.
Tax farming was the most common method throughout Europe also. It began going out of favor in the mid 1700's.
Greedy Europeans ruined the utopia of the Ottoman Empire and actually caused this corruption is there no end to their vile deeds, I’m kidding btw relax I just read so many comments on a lot of different videos saying pretty much this for any situation
@@miketackabery7521 who reformed first? I don't know.
Although Palestine did not exist as an administrative unit in this period, the term was used to describe a geographic area. After administrative reorganizations in the 1870s and 1880s, the area that later became Mandate Palestine was divided into three administrative units: the District of Jerusalem , governed directly by Istanbul , and the northen District of Nablus and the District of Acre , attached to the Province of Beirut . According to Ottoman records, the population of these three districts in 1878 was 462,465: 403,795 Muslims, 43,659 Christians, and 15,011 Jews. (This figure did not include some 10,000 Jews with foreign citizenship, several thousand Bedouin, and foreign Christian residents of Palestine.) Jaffa and Nablus were Palestine's largest and most economically vibrant cities, while most Jews in Palestine-observant orthodox communities minimally engaged with Zionism-lived in four cities of religious importance: Jerusalem, Hebron , Safad , and Tiberias .
Selected Bibliography:
Büssow, Johann. Hamidian Palestine: Politics and Society in the District of Jerusalem, 1872-1908. Leiden, the Netherlands: Brill, 2011.
Campos, Michelle. Ottoman Brothers: Muslims, Christians, and Jews in Early Twentieth-Century Palestine. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press, 2010.
Doumani, Beshara. Rediscovering Palestine: Merchants and Peasants in Jabal Nablus, 1700-1900. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995.
Schölch, Alexander. Palestine in Transformation, 1856-1882: Studies in Social, Economic, and Political Development. Washington, DC: Institute for Palestine Studies, 2006.
Singer, Amy. Palestinian Peasants and Ottoman Officials: Rural Administration around Sixteenth-Century Jerusalem. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1994
The History of the imaginary Palestinian state:
1. Before Israel there was a British Mandate, not a Palestinian state
2. Before the British Mandate, it was the Ottoman Empire, not a Palestinian state.
3. Before the Ottoman Empire Was the Islamic State of the Mamluks of Egypt, not a Palestinian state.
4. Before the Islamic State of the Mamluks from Egypt, the Arab-Kurdish Empire was the Ayyubid, not a Palestinian state.
5. Before the Ayyubid Empire was the Frankish and Christian Kingdom of Jerusalem, not a Palestinian state.
6. Before the Kingdom of Jerusalem was the Umayyad and Fatimid empire, not a Palestinian state.
7. Before the Umayyad and Fatimid empires, the Byzantine Empire was not a Palestinian state.
8. Before the Byzantine Empire, there were Sassanids, not a Palestinian state.
9. Before the Sassanid Empire was the Byzantine Empire, not a Palestinian state.
10. Before the Byzantine Empire was the Roman Empire, not a Palestinian state.
11. Before the Roman Empire it was a Hasmonean state, not a Palestinian state.
12. Before the Hasmonean state was the Seleucid, not a Palestinian state.
13. Before the Seleucid Empire was the Empire of Alexander, not a Palestinian state.
14. Before Alexander's empire it was the Persian Empire, not a Palestinian state.
15. Before the Persian Empire was the Babylonian Empire, not a Palestinian state.
16. Before the Babylonian Empire were the kingdoms of Israel and Judah, not a Palestinian state.
17. Before the kingdoms of Israel and Judah, there was no kingdom of Israel in the kingdom of Israel, not a Palestinian state.
18. Before the Kingdom of Israel, the theocracy of the twelve tribes of Israel was not a Palestinian state.
19. Before the theocracy of the twelve tribes of Israel, there was an accumulation of independent Canaanite city-kingdoms, not a Palestinian state.
20. In fact, in this plot of land kingdoms fell and fell .. But there was never a Palestinian state or a people…-/:()
British Mandate of PALESTINE, inhabited by PALESTINIANS and not british, for centuries and millennia. It was called Palestine for four thousand years, most modern countries didn’t exist what a silly tired argument, can’t believe I’m arguing with a hasbara bot.
@@UlyssesJonah not until the romans
@@velumadhavsanthanam6354 google it, check wiki, the word goes back to ancient Egyptian documents, Herodotus wrote of a "district of Syria, called Palaistinê in 5th century BC of the area between Phoenicia and and Egypt way before romans, across history it was called Palestine more than anything, and the natives call it that so take your orientalism/colonialism/white washing/propaganda elsewhere.
Truth speaks!
Man I love your content I watched all Episode's you made on the middle east and I am shocked on the quality and on the amout of Information you use👍 Keep your content up
The doc was packed full of information. You just gave a years worth of validation research in a 42 minute segment. 😂❤😂❤. Well done and 🙏.
Validation is not the goal of research
@@ElVaquero19 *Validation of information* may not be *Your Goal* , for acquiring knowledge, but some of us like to know if the sources we reference are *accurate* . *Trust but verify* , all information. Otherwise you become part of the problem of spreading *mis-information* . Humans are not parrots, we do more than repeat what we’ve heard.
@@carpediem8714 are you a teenager?
@@ElVaquero19 No but you specifically replied to my post indicating that my methods of acquiring knowledge is somehow flawed. I’m always opened to constructive criticism… I believe one can even thank valid advice from their worst enemy. Not saying you’re an enemy, just saying that all information should be considered as long as it is based on factual, verifiable information. In reference to this video the was a lot of information that I personally don’t know much about. Therefore instead of thanking that information at face value and possibly referencing it at some point. Either in conversations or research. I *choose* to verify it from multiple sources.
@@ElVaquero19 Actually is the opposite... information without reliable sources hasn't any value at all.
Man please put your sources, thanks
Very good video though
I agree, can’t be an info channel without sources
In all the comments regarding this video relaying a portion of the very convoluted history of the Middle East and part of Asia; everyone is forgetting that what it really conveys, is that competing claims to the same territory, if anyone of the parties refuse to work with the other parties to resolve the disputes amicably, they will go to war to solve the question.
That’s how humans have always operated. For what ever side is considered oppressed or invaders is dependent upon allegiances the person considering the matter holds.
I
your videos are so refreshing and thoroughly researched in a sea of horrible youtube historical/geopolitics content lol, thanks
Still waiting on Jabzy to share his sources for the Africa, China, and Middle East series. The production quality of each is stellar, but we need much more transparency on where he's getting all his information.
Without a bibliography there is no way to verify that everything described in the video is accurate, or be confident that plagiarism has not taken place.
@@p00bix Someone watched the Hbomb vid huh
@@Dorian-lq3up I actually haven't lol. Really appreciate that more people are recognizing how much of a plague YT plagiarism is since its release though.
veritas et caritas has a really good video on how plagiarism manifests in History TH-cam specifically (first link), as well as a tier list of history channels which *mostly* boils down to bad research and transparency practices. (second link)
th-cam.com/video/9Lrvnkt2cZA/w-d-xo.html
th-cam.com/video/V7qV7QBxmTE/w-d-xo.html
thank you very much. i was a big fan of history buffs, kraut, and extra history. very sad to see how they have fallen up short. what are some history youtubers that are still entertaining without resorting to really bad history or large amounts of plagerism@@p00bix
@@Dorian-lq3upWhy do you think a bald communist is necessary for people wanting a bibliography?
Haji Wilhelm is something I never thought I would hear in my life 😂
Sounds like you do not know much about your own islamic history… you’re inlay laughing about yourself with that comment 😂
I love this channel and it's objectivity.
One of the few times 'TH-cam Scholarship' is a valid source of objective history.
Props!
“There are two or three small clusters of Bedouin tents, but not a single permanent habitataion”
Jerusalem:
Am I a joke to you?
Jersualem wasnt very poupleted and he most likely talked about the negav, where theres literly nothing.
there was less then 30-40k back then, and most of the people poupleted other places, jersulam wasnt so important back then.
Did you watch until the video explained that Jerusalem only had 15,000 inhabitants? By my country's standard, it's only a village.
Back then, Jerusalem was still mostly the walled old city, which is very small, though it was during that era that new neighborhoods were starting to be built outside the walls by Muslims, Christians and Jews. The first Jewish Neighborhood outside the walls was called Mishkanot Sha'ananim and was founded in 1860.
15k people 😂
@@MrYitzhak negav now is "farmer" land. Big tents hiding growing food from the sun including cherry tomatoes'
For you to quote Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, the founder of Ahmadiyya Muslim association, goes to show how deep you do your research.
Amazing!!
Salty Pork😂
Thanks a lot!
are ahmadiya's those guy's who are persecuted in pak?......why do they only exist in pak not india afghan etc
@@leaveme3559because they go against the beliefs of islam, which is why there aren't many ahmadiyya/qadiani
They're not really Muslims
I love your videos and I’m curious about your sources, do you have them somewhere linked?
Honestly, this channel deserves way more subscribers!
A lot of feudal landlords lived in other Ottoman provenances...
Great vid bro
FYI - Tirana was not the historical capital of Albania. It became capital in the 1920s. Before that it was just a minor town. The historical Albanian capitals were Kruja and Durrësi.
Similarly, Athens had not been the Greek capital for a long time, and was not the favoured choice by Greeks for the Greek capital following independence.
This is such an interesting video and looking at the history step by step just proves how rich it is! If you just look at the surface you would not know any of this.
Gee, people sure wore some interesting hats back then!
Great video as always
Could you do a series on what the *Allies* wanted in WW2? It's an interesting less-explored part of of the vindictive fallout of WW2 and I would be majorly interested in hearing what both the major and minor nations wanted the world to look like without Germany, though your very comprehensive lens.
PART I
*"During World War II, study groups of the (US) State Department and Council on Foreign Relations developed plans for the postwar world in terms of what they called the "Grand Area," which was to be subordinated to the needs of the American economy.* The Grand Area was to include the Western Hemisphere, Western Europe, the Far East, the former British Empire *(which was being dismantled), (§§§footnote)* the incomparable energy resources of the Middle East (which were then passing into American hands as we pushed out our rivals France and Britain), the rest of the Third World and, if possible, the entire globe. These plans were implemented, as opportunities allowed." SOURCE: GEORGE KENNAN AND THE HISPANIC-LUSITANIAN WORLD: A CONTEMPORARY REFLECTION Antonio Luis Ramos Membrive
US strategist in these think tanks lay out the scheme of what was going to be the new post-war reality, as a "Grand Area" as an almost exclusive "back yard", and under their "natural rights" for the USA to control. Every part of the new world order was assigned a specific function. The more industrial countries were to be guided as "great workshops". Those who had demonstrated their prowess during the war (would now be working under US supervision/finance). More, undeveloped regions were to "fulfill its major function as a source of raw materials and a market" for the industrial centers, as a memo put it. They were to be "exploited" for the reconstruction of Europe (The references are to South America and Africa, but the points are general.)
To further quote the article: "These declassified documents are read only by scholars, who apparently find nothing odd or jarring in all this." Note, all words in quotes were actual words used IN THIS OFFICIAL US DOCUMENT, and the thesis and its quoted sources can all be downloaded for free, from the www, and using these key words provided for your search engine.
---------------------------------
After around 1940, ... (quote) "Alvin Hansen envisioned a joint Soviet-American domination of Europe that anticipated Henry Kissinger’s subsequent “Partnership of Strength.” Hansen observed in 1945, at the outset of his study of America’s Role in the World Economy, that the great new postwar fact would be “the rise of Russia on the one side of the globe and the economic and military power of the United States on the other. A happy geographical accident (§§§footnote) - two great powers occupying vast continents and controlling vast resources in areas that are noncompetitive - this fact must be set down as a dominating and directing force in the future course of history. We are confronted here with a completely new constellation of forces. *Within this framework the role of France, Germany and ENGLAND of necessity must be something very different from that set by the European patterns of past generations..."
"During the war its diplomats had come to recognize that given America’s economic supremacy, a more open international economy would not impair the U.S. economy, but would link the economic activity of other non-Communist countries into a satellite relationship with the United States. It was unlikely that in the foreseeable future foreign countries dependent for their reconstruction on the inflow of U.S. resources could interfere in U.S. domestic policies. *On the other hand the reverse, an extension of U.S. influence over other countries, was visibly possible.* Thus, whereas America had boycotted the League of Nations after the First World War as a threat to its domestic sovereignty, it no longer feared multilateralism. Quite visibly, the more open and interlinked the postwar international economy became, the greater would be the force of U.S. diplomacy throughout the world."
From "Super Imperialism: The Economic Strategy of American Empire.", Michael Hudson, 2nd edition 2003
PART II
"What actually occurred was that Britain and other countries became hopelessly indebted to the United States once again (edit: during World War 2) ... *“We have profited by our past mistakes,” announced Roosevelt in a speech delivered on September 3, 1942. “This time we shall know how to make full use of victory.” This time the U.S. Government would conquer its allies in a more enlightened manner, by demanding economic concessions of a legal and political nature instead of futilely seeking repayment of its wartime loans (of World War 1).* The new postwar strategy sought and secured foreign markets for U.S. exports, and new fields for American investment capital in Europe’s raw materials producing colonial areas. Despite Roosevelt’s assurances to the contrary, Britain was compelled, under the Lend-Lease agreements and the terms of the first great U.S. postwar loan to Britain, to relinquish Empire Preference and to open all its markets to U.S. competition, at a time when Britain desperately needed these markets as a means by which to fund its sterling debt. Most important of all, Britain was forced to unblock its sterling and foreign-exchange balances built up by its colonies and other Sterling Area countries during the wartime years. Instead of the Allied Powers as a whole bearing the costs of these wartime credits to British Empire countries, they would be borne by Britain itself. Equally important, they would not be used as “blocked” balances that could be used only to buy British or other Sterling Area exports, but would be freed to purchase exports from any nation. Under postwar conditions this meant that they would be used in large part to purchase U.S. exports." (page 115/116)
"By relinquishing its right to block these balances, Britain gave up its option, while enabling the United States to make full use of its gold stock as the basis for postwar lending to purchased generalized (primarily U.S.) exports. *At a stroke, Britain’s economic power was broken. What Germany as foe had been unable to accomplish in two wars against Britain, the United States accomplished with ease as its ally."* (Page 117)
"Furthermore, under the terms on which it joined the International Monetary Fund, Britain could not devalue the pound sterling so as to dissipate the foreign-exchange value of these balances. Its liability thus was maximized - and so was America’s gain from the pool of liquidity that these balances now represented." ("Super Imperialism: The Economic Strategy of American Empire." -- Michael Hudson, 2nd edition 2003)
In case that seems a bit technical, here is the "nutshell version": Just like the bank takes your house if you don't pay up in the real world, the British Empire was run into the ground by the "best friends" USA, who stole the Empire's markets; hidden behind a whole lot of "technical jargon", thereby taking the means London had to pay its debts. A suitable micro level example would be the bank having an eye on your house, then making sure you get fired so you can't pay your debt. On the macro level the term is "debt trap diplomacy", and on the (privatized) propaganda level the means is "projection: accuse somebody else of being something which one is oneself", and that "being" has started waaaaaay earlier as a matter of own policy. A "debt trap" the Allies walked into after 1916, after they had spent all their own money, and squeezed as much out of their colonies as they could get away with, but refused to come to terms at the negotiating table: another factor usually associated with the Central Powers.
-----------------------------------
"At the end of the war [WW2], Britain, physically devastated and financially bankrupt, lacked factories to produce goods for rebuilding, the materials to rebuild the factories or purchase the machines to fill them, or with the money to pay for any of it. Britain’s situation was so dire, the government sent the economist John Maynard Keynes with a delegation to the US to beg for financial assistance, claiming that Britain was facing a "financial Dunkirk”. The Americans were willing to do so, on one condition: They would supply Britain with the financing, goods and materials to rebuild itself, but dictated that Britain must first eliminate those Sterling Balances by repudiating all its debts to its colonies. The alternative was to receive neither assistance nor credit from the US. *Britain, impoverished and in debt, with no natural resources and no credit or ability to pay, had little choice but to capitulate. And of course with all receivables cancelled and since the US could produce today, those colonial nations had no further reason for refusing manufactured goods from the US. The strategy was successful. By the time Britain rebuilt itself, the US had more or less captured all of Britain’s former colonial markets, and for some time after the war’s end the US was manufacturing more than 50% of everything produced in the world. And that was the end of the British Empire, and the beginning of the last stage of America’s rise."*
[globalresearch(dot)ca/save-queen/5693500]
§§§footnote
If you wish to know more about exactly how the British Empire was "being dismantled," the below comments section is comprehensive.
Excellent and informative video! Thank you.
The slow, slow decline, and final end of the Ottoman Empire explains so, so much.
Was not expecting a Springfield, Illinois shout-out.
Twain’a visit was satirical and ignores more prosperous regions like Jabal Nablus and Jaffa. A lot of evangelicals at the time characterizes the region as desolate to support their argument for colonization. You can look at Victor Guren and Gertrude Bell accounts and see a completely different image.
What is evangelicalis?
Jaffa was a poor city of 2-3k ppl with little to no significance. Hell, the Jewish city of Tiberius which was majority Jewish for the last 500 years was more significant.
Why do you think the Jews built Tel Aviv there? Because it was essentially empty.
To need to stoop to juxapositing Mark Twain as an evangelical or in support of colonization is a very low point.
I don't think you've read Bell.
"Under the banks the Bedouin used to lie in wait to rob and murder the pilgrims as they passed. Fifteen years ago the Jericho road was as lawless a track as is the country now that lies beyond Jordan: security has travelled a few miles eastward during the past decade. "
"I noted another sign of encroaching civilisation in the shape of two half starved soldiers, the guard of the nearest halting place on the Ḥājj railroad, which is called Zīza after the ruins a few miles to the west of it. The object of their visit was the lean hen which one of them held in his hand. "
"The eastern side of the Ghōr is much more fertile than the western. Enough water flows from the beautiful hills of Ajlūn to turn the plain into a garden, but the supply is not stored, and the Arabs of the 'Adwān tribes content themselves with the sowing of a little corn."
"The fortunes of the Arab are as varied as those of a gambler on the Stock Exchange. One day he is the richest man in the desert, and next morning he may not have a single camel foal to his name. He lives in a state of war, and even if the surest pledges have been exchanged with the neighbouring tribes there is no certainty that a band of raiders from hundreds of miles away will not descend on his camp in the night, as a tribe unknown to Syria, the Beni Awājeh, fell, two years ago, on the lands south-east of Aleppo, crossing three hundred miles of desert, Mardūf (two on a camel) from their seat above Baghdad, carrying off all the cattle and killing scores of people. How many thousand years this state of things has lasted"
Mark Twain an evangelical ?
@@JabzyJoeread her accounts from haifa and Jerusalem.
This is such an interesting video. It's such an ancient and complex situation.
The current situation in Gaza is not complicated at all.
Not it's not complex & the colonization of Palestine is not ancient.
It's not complicated and not ancient. Literally in the late 1800s the invasion of zionists jews from Europe coupled by the British colonization is the root of it all.
Does the Addition "Turki" to a name mean that they are from turkish descent? Because A lot of People who have Al Kurdi or Al Faris as there second or first name are kurdish or Perisan,does the same count for Turki?
Either they're of Turkish ancestry, spent much time among Turks and/or adhered to them, or their ancestor was simply named Turki (there was a Saudi Prince with that name, to give you a sense of how possible it is). The same goes for the others:
"Faris" can mean "Persia", but in this context it more commonly means "horseman" or "knight", and Faris is, in fact, a common name in Arabic, with that latter meaning. Some weird people tend to put this to their advantage, but I'd rather not embarrass the guy whose example comes to mind. EDIT: While the name for Persia and the word al-Faris (the knight) are homophones, they are NOT etymologically related. The word for knight comes from the root f-r-s, native to Arabic (we also get "faras"--"Steed" from this root); Hebrew has a cognate.
There are other cases: I know of one family that got named "al-Masri", not because the founder was an Egyptian, but because he was a businessman who did a lot of business in Egypt (to the point of getting an Egyptian twang).
Point is, you should be careful assuming the etymology of a surname in Arabic. A lot of the time, it is a case of "what you see is what you get" (al-Kurdi indeed largely means the nominal ancestor was a Kurd), but sometimes, it gets a little counter-intuitive.
@@Albukhshi Dude Thank you for this informative answer, you Truly answered a question I had since the beginning of middle the eastern Series👍
@@abriefsummaryofhistory7449
Happy to help.
For the sake of completeness: another thing to keep in mind is that it wasn't unusual for people who became clients (mawali) of a patron clan, to adopt the patron clan's "nisba" (surname)--particularly if they marry into the tribe. So there's no guarantee that the person with a surname is themselves a direct descendant of the founder of a given family line.
Also, not everyone descended from a given group is going to be named after it. In Hebron, a full 1/3 of the families are said to be Kurdish in origin (mostly 12th-13th centuries veterans from the Ayyubid Army). However, hardly any actually have the surname "Kurdi". My own family is an example: we're supposedly named after a Kurdish officer (EDIT: from the Ayyubid period, to be clear).
Actually, this family is a great example, because it shows something else I mentioned: we have something of a debate in the family over the exact origins of the clan, because there's a town in Saudi Arabia with the same name. So we know our family is considered of Kurdish origin, but what we don't know is if he was actually Kurdish, or an Arab who adhered to the Kurds (i.e., Ayyubids). We can't even be sure the town has anything to do with the surname: the name itself is in Arabic.
Al Turki means from Turkey.
Al Faris, means the courageous like a Faris = Horseman
Al Farisi means from Persia = Belad Faris = land of Faris
Faris and Turki without the Al, are just names..
Many Saudi family members are named Turki, despite being eternal enemies of the Ottoman Empire.
@@doyouknoworjustbelieve6694 al Kurd?
A bit difficult to follow, the pace is a bit fast and the chapters are difficult to separate from each other but what an impressive research, fascinating material, thank you.
5:20
No, not all of the Jewish communities of India, the leader of the Baghdadi Indian Jews.
Very accurate video must say
Tbh I always find it weird people are care so mucha nd are so emotional about israel palestine.
Like some bad stuff happens there, but a lot of similar stuff happens around the region.
I find it weird we can calmly talk about the syrian civil war but get so emotional over the conflict next door.
It is weird but easily explained. There is a saying in english "no jews no news". Muslims don't care when other muslims kill each other in the more than millions like in syria but really care about the israeli arab conflict that hasn't produced even a tenth of the casualties in all wars for 70 years. They are jew haters pure and simple. It's in the main stream and every part of muslim life in the middle east.
@@ohadhoffman7078Why this arrogance? It’s in your interest to make all your neighbors poor and weak. This is why you conspired 911 to destroy Iraq. Together with the US, you created ISIS to destroy Syria and Libya. Once Israel ceases to exist, there will be peace in the Region. You’re the reason pan-Arabism failed. Why do you think you Europeans can create your own state in the Middle East? You could have lived with the Palestinians and adapted to their culture. Instead you saw yourselves as owners rather than guests and created militias to kill both British soldiers and Palestinians. By adapting to our culture I mean speaking Arabic. Even the Christian’s speak Arabic why did you think you could create your own conlang and force it upon others. FYI modern Hebrew is not Semitic. The phonology is entirely European and you have many consonants that you can’t even differentiate. for example ק and כ are not the same. You borrowed a lot of Russian and German words and grammar. You almost lost all your fricative consonants and you didn’t even speak Hebrew in Europe until it was reconstructed so you have no right to say you’re middle eastern. Don’t you see you’re the problem?
because they hate Jews lmao. Muslim and Christian alike.
Look up all the prosecution Jews suffered under Muslim and Christian ever since the Roman Empire expelled them from their homeland in Israel. It doesn't matter what Israel do, as long as it's the Jews the theoists will come after them:
""Jewish are obliged to live in a separate part of town, for they are considered as unclean creatures. Under the pretext of their being unclean, they are treated with the greatest severity and should they enter a street, inhabited by Mussulmans, they are pelted by the boys and mobs with stones and dirt. For the same reason, they are prohibited to go out when it rains; for it is said the rain would wash dirt off them, which would sully the feet of the Mussulmans. If a Jew is recognized as such in the streets, he is subjected to the greatest insults. The passers-by spit in his face, and sometimes beat him, unmercifully. If a Jew enters a shop for anything, he is forbidden to inspect the goods. Should his hand incautiously touch the goods, he must take them at any price the seller chooses to ask for them. Sometimes the Persians intrude into the dwellings of the Jews and take possession of whatever please them. Should the owner make the least opposition in defense of his property, he incurs the danger of atoning for it with his life. If a Jew shows himself in the street during the three days of the Katel (Muharram), he is sure to be murdered." - J.J Benjamin, historian and traveler 1851.
Because many governments more than just those who are literalist or conservative rely on the Holy Land as their cultural derivative of .....well their society.
If you trace your authority to the Roman Empire and you trace it through either Constantine or Justinian, you are referencing Jerusalem.
If you are from the Muslim part of the world, you have a stake in taking a stance on issues about Jerusalem with a contrary view to Judeo-Christian expectations.
Islam was spread far abroad across India and Indonesia, not just Arabia and North Africa. So the American defeat of the Barbary Pirates is much too small to expect the Muslim faction to just lose traction on the map.
There are many Muslim communities outside the influence of the Ottoman Empire who would still be motivated to ask the questions that you get to from Ishmael and Israel.
Since Varangian guards make a connection between the Russians and the Byzantines, and Uighyurs make a connection between Islam and the Chinese,
Then a huge % of the world has an opinion.
The Hispanic world was.....influenced by the leadership of Spain. Catholics.
So essentially every country in the world has a reason to care about the two questions:
1. How religious should the Middle-East be?
2. Which religion should the Middle-East be?
Even those seeking more secularism cannot get very far because secular governments are too new and unstable and must trace some kind of cultural connection to the old ways to at least prove they are truly improvements resting on the foundation so as not to be too frighteningly new or far away from original starting points of understanding.
People don't want an atheist government or a government that is too religious.
They want....a mythology, a culture, a Lore, and they do want the freedom to interpret their heritage to their liking. Process being Skywalkers on their own terms but they all want to be Skywalkers. And they want to decide what it means to them to be a Skywalker. An Heir.
Great video to end for the year 🎉
Had no idea it got this bleak as the end of the ottoman period
This comment section is about to get ugly
🍿
literally, lol 😂
how? who is pro israel
Palestina delenda est
@@maxhanney4277your mom
@@maxhanney4277The Victors obviously 😂 since everytime an Arab nation attacks Israel, Israel wins new territory...
Mark twain being cited for describing Palistine really shocked me for a second
Are you talking about Palestine as in (Jaffa, Haifa, Nablus, etc Palestine from north to south) or as in Jerusalem and the area around it?
yo this comment section about to get crazy
Hello, Commander Dmitry Yazov.
cringe
The Kaiser talking about converting to Islam is a plot twist I didn't expect haha
Twain hated his trip to Palestine, and was remarkable at the time for communicating his honest opinion of its poverty and misery as the fashion was for people to rave piously and with Christian enthusiasm about coming back from Palestine amazed and spiritually transformed by its wonders.
The least civilized barbarian, the Romans say
Huh? Sounds like Twain was the one who had issues and was an extremist.
Twain’s Palestine remarks were taken out of context. And even if they weren’t, they were complete lies and falsifications but I’m pretty sure they were taken out of context.
@@anubis8586 You sound stupid. It’s either "taken out of context" or "i'm pretty sure they were taken out of context".
@@anubis8586 They weren't much of the region was devastated by a revolt in the 1834-35 against Muhamma Ali's rule over the Syrian province. The conflict was between the Egyptian militia raised by Muhammad Ali and led by his son and the Arab fellaheen who called the southern part of Syria home. They were brutally put down and it caused substantial damage to the area, that mixed with the fact that the biggest land owners in the area typically resided in big cities such as Beirut, Sidon, Nazareth, Jerusalem, left the country to be populated mostly by Fellaheen. It was by no means some bustling metropolitan area but a backwater owned by an elite few and populated by peasantry who lived up in the highlands dude the rebellion damaging the coastal plain and leaving it neglected.
The name of this video alone could start a war
The comment section is gonna make Yugoslavia look like a playdate
about 9:10 a newspaper Filistine is mentioned. NOT as an early palestine-arab newspaper, but sooner, as an overall newspaper from Palestine. Possibly even - jewish palestinian...
Will you make a video about the jewish migration from europe to palestine?
Jewish migration overall
Maybe a video on the persecution and segregation of all the minorities in Palestine at the time.
What about it? It doesn't matter where the Jews migrated from to Israel, it's the Jews ancestral homeland, they have every right to come back.
Palestine was never a country, never a state... Just because the place was called palestine(renamed Judea) doesn't mean anything. Also there were always Jews in the land, not everyone migrated.
@@achilles7607 slavs homeland is eastren europe
@@achilles7607Jews are Babylonian and claims to the Mediterranean region are purely political.go claim Iraq
I think if we are talking about palestine ecologically it is also important to keep the Romans in mind as well. The Roman Jewish war saw large scale deforestation in the later chapters. Sam Aronow has a good accessible video mentioning it if i remember correctly. In all fairness this video is on a specific period but I think beyond your own political allegiance if history is to be a useful study context is key to building a real understanding
I hate to break it to you but the roman jewish war was over 1000 years before this videos timeline, more than enough time for reforestation if that were the source
@@christophercyr1460 you aren't breaking anything to me man, no reason to get defensive at me pointing out important context unless you are emotionally invested in some narrative.
Jews mananaged to reforest in 50 years, I don't think 1000 years is too long a time to expect people to do something with it.
10:12 Hahahahahah, I knew about the rumors of the Emperor converting before but this takes the cake
It’s almost like the British and French told the Arabs exactly what they wanted to hear…seems like Germany and the Central Powers did the same
@@benjamindrake6065 I am aware, but it would be fun to bring up for people claiming the islamisation of Europe is ongoing when we got Hajji Wilhelm and the Five Mullahs on the track 💯💯
@@AbraxiumNapoleon and later Mussolini more or less tried the same
@@tomz5704 Very much aware, let’s throw in Hitler and the Handschar division for good measure. Although that was more for the belief that Bosniaks were convertable Croats
@@Abraxium absolutely although, I think it was Mussolini, or Napoleon, who went as far as to have the sword of islam made
7:49
No, it wasn't in Uganda, it was in Usin Gishu in Kenya.
Is there a transcript I could download? This is far too much information to absorb in one go.
Yes, click on 'more' at the end of the description and scroll down a little, it's written in blue.
3:12 it was still called Constantinople at the time
Not gonna lie but quoting Mark Twain and other orientalists as a matter of fact irked me as they clearly had an agenda and are not authoritative historical documents.
I implore you next time to use more local and native sources and government surveys
@UlyssesJonah I think the point was specifically to hear from a biased source.
That was kind of the point.
He said they might have had their own agendas by the way
it tells by itself the interesting information of how a traveller could have seen the state of the place as it was back then. They are primary sources and sometimes, their opinions tells a lot of historically interesting information about how people back then thought of the world around them. Also orientalism is not necessarily a bad thing, like in all things, there are people who had a passion for "the east" and wanted to understand it and others who were simply biggots seeking to affirm their superiority.
Thank you for this, much better and more neutral take than most other history youtubers. Very much welcome after watching Casual Historians' cherry picked and biased propaganda video on the subject.
@@basuta-dshrara Nah, Casual Historian's coverage of the Palestinian Mandate period has a really strong pro-Israeli bias, to an extent that made even my Zionist ass uncomfortable. Characterizing purchasing land from absentee landlords as simple legal land purchases, without so much as acknowledging the moral issues involved in new landlords booting tenant farmers who had lived there for decades or centuries to create room for Jewish settlement, stands out as especially bad. As does his tendency to treat 'Arabs' as a hivemind of antisemites, reactionaries, and xenophobes, while recognizing the wide range in ideological divisions and attitudes among the Jewish community.
It's probably the most detailed YT documentary on that period in Palestinian and Israeli history, and I applaud it for its frank discussion of how the Grand Mufti Amin al-Husseini deliberately inflamed antisemitism to maintain his oppressive grip over the Palestinian people. But ultimately its bias is so shameless that I can't in good conscience recommend it to anyone trying to learn more about the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
he took the objective rational rout 🗿
What's wrong with Casual Historians' videos? They were incredibly well-made and accurate.
Seriously, Casual Historian's video was dense, but I was suspicious as to how he emphasized all Arab violence against Jewish people, but de-emphasized Zionist terror and portrayed them as purely on the defensive. I need to do more research, but still...
The origin story of Reuters was not something I expected to see here.
Palestine was lightly populated with half a million when the British assumed control.
Often overlooked is the massive influx of Egyptians into British Palestine for work at the close of World Wars one. Palestine, then Isreal, had both Arab and Jewish immigrants
Yes - I've seen an interview with a Gazan Palestinian who talked all about how "this land is ours" and immediately after explained that his grandparents had come to Palestine from Egypt for work. With zero sense of irony. Almost as though his cause was more Arab ethnic nationalism that anything to do with Palestinian nationhood.
@@pqunit "the land is ours" isnt a dig at his ethnicity but probably the fact that his grandparents most likely owned land they were kicked out of by Jewish militias
@@aunnaqvi3133 You'd have to have watched the footage. That's not how I interpreted it in the context of what he was saying.
@@aunnaqvi3133actually likely not. Most of the Arabs that lived in Palestine didn’t own the property on which they lived. Most were tenant farmers. And most of the Arabs who moved from Egypt, Syria and elsewhere during the British mandate for work didn’t own property. Part of the issue many Arabs had with the Jewish immigration was that the Jews were buying a lot of the land, but weren’t using the Arabs as labor and consequently evicting those Arabs tenants.
The Arabs most likely owned and lived in houses. Anyone who is from the Middle East knows the conditions here due to extreme weather can be harsh.
And you are kinda playing the nomad stereotype. Nomadic lifestyle in the middle east doesn't mean the same as other places. They build and own houses but they can abandon them if the conditions get too extreme. And Arabs during the dark ages were pioneers in engineering, research and science.
And some of the zionists did start buying houses but the Nakba was forced and brutal evacuation, which took place in 1948, and was almost as brutal as what Israel is doing now.
Happy New Year
Can you provide the sources for this video?
He did? He literally said it
@@Vienic2 @MSP1226 I would prefer them in a bibliography so I can check them later instead of having to look through the video.
I'm really interested in middle eastern history so I would like the sources in a bibliography and properly so I can better understand this period better in a way that can't be covered in a yt video. I watched the video as well and he didn't properly cite the sources if you can point to where he stated all of the sources with a time stamp I would appreciate it.
And how many TH-cam videos do this? It's not a university thesis @@sourcastle
@@livrowland171 plenty do this sometimes I question the applicability of the sources they cite but most educational channels I come across cite sources
@@livrowland171 Multiple ones, to show transparency and that you didn't just made it up on the spot. The Histocrat does it, The Great War does it, Cambrian Chronicles does it. The code of honour of the historian requires it, so that anyone can fact check it or uncover the origin of information down to the very origin down the requoting line.
4:00 which was to my surprise not a mere “two gentlemen”.
Im sure this will be taken as informationial and not as a confirmation bias or inflammatory.
I'm looking forward to being called both a Zionist and anti-semitic.
@@JabzyJoe as long as you don't advocate for a one state solution, calling you either would be stupid.
But then again, the people who want the destruction of either Israel of palestine are stupid cunts.
@@JabzyJoe Hey, Israeli here. You did a great job at telling our history in an unbiased way.,
Free Palestine
@@spanishroyalty1254 Terrorists
Could you add this to the History of the Middle East list (and remove the random video that isn't part of the set)?
Should do one for when the caliphate massacred the area and forced many to flee the area in the first place..
Logical conclusion
Lol.. Massacred who?
See Umar’s pact instead of remaining ignorant
When? Are you going to back that up with anything? The only time the Jewish people were killed enmasse in the region was the Roman-Israeli wars and then there was a removal of one town in the 1920s after 6000 Zionists were calling for complete Jewish control of the mandate of Palestine.
As soon as the European settlers like Benjamin Mileikowskys parents stepped foot in Palestine they’ve been slaughtering the inhabitants in droves and that’s exactly why the Israelis leadership propped up and supported Hamas because after the first intifada gunning down unarmed civilians wasn’t a great look for the IDF scum so they created an enemy to use as a scapegoat to then proceed to just slaughter unarmed civilians but claim some guys with guns were in the group so a bunch of 30 year old white people in Boston can claim that Israel is oppressed.
The population of Israel was less than 10% Jewish before the late 1800’s and had around 240,000 Muslims and 22,000 Christian’s and 6000 Jewish people until the colonial policy and movement of Europeans was set up. They don’t have a right to live there because of an old book ‘said so’ or ancestors. As an Anglo Saxon, Norman, Christian etc. I’m not going to walk into Germany and France and claim it is all mine because of history or walk into Jerusalem and claim it’s mine because the bible. The ‘Israeli’ people are Europeans not Israelites and having to pay extra taxes under Islamic rule doesn’t equate to genocide or forced removal, Christians were there for hundreds of years and haven’t set up a theocratic fascist state like Israel has. Israel won’t exist in 100 years and has no right to, it’s a colonial project propped up by the US and other Europeans who feel bad about WWII and let the victims get away with another genocide. Free Palestine 🇵🇸
@@Druchii nice spelling
oh i just realized you have already uploaded them - it would be really helpful if you had included them in the main middle east playlist following chronological order. also i am confused about the three loooong middle east videos you have on your channel (the 4:09, 6:42 and 4:39 hours respectively) - are those 'just' the 21 videos joined together or separately produced videos ?
Lots of history of conquest in the much wider region with descriptions of Palestine mostly limited to Mark Twain visiting Jerusalem, disclaimed. Hmm.
Nowhere else has descriptions at all really. A spot within an empire doesn't have a lot of conquests
Give us an unbiased source of what it was like at the time then.
@@SethTheOrigin It sucked but where didnt it suck? Syria sucked as well so did the Balkans that doesent mean you cann transform the demographics and create a colony at the expense of the locals. There was even a Plan for a Jewish state in Albania. The zionists were merciless they didnt care be it Palestine or Albania or even Kenya they were going to get their ''homeland'' even if it was at the expense of someone else didnt the nazis want to depopulate Eastern Europe and settle it with German? Isnt zionism just a Jewish version of Lebensraum?
@@hishamalaker491The Zionists may have been merciless, but the Arabs were on the same level as them, Israeli militant groups in Palestine were formed due to the increasing acts of extremism and violence by the Arabs many of them advocated for the complete removal of the Jews from the land through violent means (Genocide, deportation, pogroms, etc..) and uproot the Jews from Palestine once and for all. You are probably aware by now but both groups incited violent brawls between each other, which killed hundreds or thousands of Jews and Arabs, fuelling radicalism within both camps. During the 1936 Palestinian uprising, many Arab intellectuals and clerics preached for the complete extermination of the Jews (something similar to the final solution in Germany) and prominent Palestinians like Amin Al Husseini praised Nazi ideals.
@hishamalaker491 yeah.
hey - thank you very much for this series. are you thinking of completing it with episodes 11-21 (nazi germany #18 is already here) ?
Palestine as a state is 20th century phenomena, it was never a country but rather name of region.
There were never concept of country or national before the French revolution
Btw shakespeare mentioned palestine in his writings
@@ibrahimmohammedibrahim9273 not as a kingdom but as a region sure. Palestine was always a region and nothing else.
That really doesn’t matter like at all. With this definition, any country today that was once a province inside a larger empire can no longer be seen as a legitimate state.
@@frontendprotogy6749ok and that’s true for a lot of places there were no countries called Pakistan, Bangladesh, Indonesia, etc but like Palestine they still had people who were native there before colonialism
wait so the ottomans rejected the offer for the jewish state/handling funds?
This video has a level of detail 95% of viewers are completely incapable of comprehending and tbh probably dont even care about. I, though, greatly appreciate your work inspite on the inevitable BS you have to see.
Adding far too much details to a video... that seems to be the basic concept of this channel nowadays.
@@JabzyJoe Not enough detail!!!!
Which villages did the Tiyaha tribe destroy at 16:22, as the transcript doesn't pick up the correct spelling?
Compared to today it was a country where you could actually live.
It was unsustainable desert with a lot of goats and even more donkeys.
The British Empire fought and won against its biggest rival in Germany. I´m more interested in how you convince the most powerful empire in history to willfully end itself at the height of its achievements. This whole conflict just exists because of this. In a normal case the whole levant would stay under British and maybe French control until someone else takes it.
The British Empire? That wasn't the height. Britain was the biggest loser of WWII. They technically won on a piece of paper but after being blockaded and bombed they were so completely bankrupt that the empire could never have been saved. Because historians are fanatically pro British for some ungodly reason they gloss over all contributing factors for the collapse and record that the empire "just felt like letting it all go" or "thought decolonization was more humane" or other incomprehensible Anglophilia that nobody can understand.
They lost worse than the French or Italians and had to release 90% or so of their territory as a result. That's the detail that historians are trying to fabricate confusion about.
@@matthewkottler5553 "They lost worse than the French or Italians and had to release 90% or so of their territory as a result." But why? I don´t believe that this is the reason. When your biggest enemy is destroyed it doesn´t matter that you´re weakened you still won. Yet they lost even more territory than the losers. This makes no sense and never happened in history before. Losing against the nazis would have left them with more territory. The only threats left for Britain after the war were the Soviet Union,The Americans and traitors from within. This is where the answer lies.
@@matthewkottler5553You cant really keep the worlds largest empire when you are only the worlds third biggest power behind the usa and ussr. Thats what the ottomans found out when they were about the 5th most powerfull empire in europe with basically the largest amount of land. Basically all of their land got taken by the russians, austrians and french or liberated or taken by the british.
If anyone is ever to be blamed for the current situation, I guess it's Turkey and the UK
I blame Germany.
muhammed
Mentioning that Jerusalem had between third and half Jewish population but failing to mention that the Jewish population in all of Palestine didn’t reach 10% at that time is an interesting decision
Ik, zoinists are colonizers from europe
Why would you guess the reason behind this is?
@@JabzyJoe Where is the assumed motive? Saying 'that's a choice' in no way assigns or assumes intent.
@@mrmr446 Out of all information left out in the video, the "interesting decision" to not state the overall population. Seems like there's some degree of intent assumed.
I mean, besides me saying most of the people were rural and, stating the Cities the early Zionists first moved to. I tend to assume the intelligence of people watching this video to know the region was predominantly Muslim. Much like, I did a video on China and discussed the number of Jews in Kaifeng - without stating the population outside the City was mainly Chinese. Everybody knows this.
So seems an odd thing to highlight. Unless you want to assume intent.
@@JabzyJoe maybe I'm being too literal but I read 'that was a choice' as asking a question. You mentioned the number of Zionist inhabitants is disputed only a few more words could have given a range or upper limit. No doubt there's a lot I have written that were I asked I couldn't say what I was thinking when I wrote it so I don't assume intent.
The thumbnail 💀
Bruh when you put two of the most stubborn and dogmatic ppl in contention for some “holy” land, shit is bound to be fucked up
32:33
Which they barely bately won.
Source citations in description, please.
Another fun fact 77% of Palestine from this time is today Jordan.
I'll save you the time, it was Jordan.
YEEEEAHHH
Free Jordan🇯🇴🇯🇴🇯🇴🇯🇴🇯🇴🇯🇴
Parts of Jordan were historically part of Palestine
@@christianmiller9934 And all of Palestine was historically part of Jordan
Just to also slavery was also happening. There was the movement of slaves from Africa to this region until around world war two!
*Love to Palestine from 🇧🇩❤🇵🇸*
👎🚫🇵🇸 Palestina delenda est
yeah i love jewish palestine
@@julianr4375 u ain't no Bangladeshi so ur opinion don't count to me
@@sebresludolf9611 and you are bangladeshi "so your opinion doesn't matter to me" also
@@ohadhoffman7078 so why are u replying in my comment? Wanna make me ur daddy or something?
Interesting that today nobody talks about how much of the Middle East had been colonized by the Ottoman Turks! Turks used also take slaves the region too
Türks took janissaries from Balkan
Turks revive many Christians churches, they were fair
Turks were not fair! That's why Serbian, Bulgarian, Greeks, Romanians had to fight for their independence @ibrahimmohammedibrahim9273
@ibrahimmohammedibrahim9273 Janissaries were slaves who were forced to fight and forced to convert to Islam too.
Just because I’m Free Palestine/ the Palestinian people does not mean I’m anti-Semitic. What us Brits did when leaving our colonies was disgusting particularly with the borders we drew which many modern/ current conflicts have been effected/ caused by. I believe in freedom for the Palestinian innocents and the ceasing of all hostilities in the region. Edit: that does not mean I am against the creation of a Jewish state either, I believe that more thought should’ve been given during the decolonisation period and that societies in the west should’ve done more to protect the Jewish and Islamic faiths in the European countries after the horrid acts which occurred during WW2
The Zionists and their running dogs willingly conflate Judaism with Zionism, ergo criticising Zionism will be seen as being anti-Judaist.
So what's your opinion on the subject? Should the Jews never had an independanant country in that land?
Yeah dude free judeia throw the muslim colonizers back to Arabia
@JabzyJoe did a video a couple months ago, based on tribal breakdowns in the historical Middle East, how the Arab world should have been partitioned, the truth is, I don't really think if the Brits and all of Europe had simply just allowed an Arab Kingdom led by the Hashemites, that a. it would've happened, and b. that it would lead to the so called peace in the Middle East that too many people blame on the Balfour Declaration. I also think as we know the Brits did attempt to fix the conflict between the Jews and the Arabs, something that even the Ottomans were struggling to deal with prior to their ever being a Balfour Declaration.
I'm not saying that the Brits are blameless, but at the end of the day, History gives us what it gives us, and at some point we have to work with what we have and make the best out of it. Which is why I believe it's really on the Palestinians and Israel to make the best out of the situation. At the end of the day, not even America, the most powerful country in the world has been able to strong arm Israel or Palestine into accepting a two state solution and putting violence aside. They couldn't do it in the 2000's and they couldn't do it now, not to talk of the Brits.
Nation States ultimately decide their destiny, and yes, people outside of them can march, scream and protest, but unless you're willing to invade and govern in place, you have to accept that it is the citizens and their governments that will have to figure this stuff out on their own, no matter how much sympathy or empathy you have for the innocent i.e. if Hamas has less sympathy for the innocents than you do, there's not much you or the U.N. can do about it, since ultimately they are the ones that govern Gaza.
You can blame the Americans and Soviets for pushing for decolonization too fast. Quick solutions to complex problems rarely work out
There was a contract between the second Khalifa of the Muslims Hazrat Umar and the Christians at the time that ruled Jerusalem the contract said that Jews can come here and visit their Holy sites but cannot build houses or live in this land
Long live Israel 🇮🇱
🇵🇸 🤮
Ewwwww why do you support a genocidal ethnostate 😂😂😂
The history of Israrel does NOT start on the 19th century. You forgot to mention the first and second temple periods.
In a video titled "History of the Middle East 1888-1900".... you believe the first temple period should be mentioned?
Sometimes, comments perplex me.
4 legions of Romans went after Jews, dunno about you but the Jews back then must of been crazy to warrant 4 legion roman army chasing them.😂
מה הקשר?
The Map of the region under ottoman empire is wrong. The sinai was part of ottoman palestine and not of egypt.
Sinai was part of the eyalet of Egypt before muhmmed Ali’s reign and remained so even after 1840 treaties and until 1967
@@amsn7240 Yes, you are right that Sinai was part of egypt and not palestine since the 13s century. But egypt was incorporated into the ottoman empire in 1517. So egypt was ruled by the ottoman provincial gouvernment of the eyalet of egypt. Even after muhammed alis reign, sinai was administered by it untill 1906, when the ottoman empire formally transfered the administration to the khedivate of egypt which meant at that time that it came under british control. so only the border between british and ottoman controled territory at that time is disputable. not their belonging to palestine or egypt.
It was ruled by the Turks and then the British.
Judah*
Palestine *
very informative
Palestine was never a country
But still was a land and people that always existed.
@@yehyaali4701
Ever since the 7th century there were Arabs there. Palestinian identity or ethnicity came much much later.
@@AduckButSpain the first case of a person self identifying as Palestinian is in the 10th century, from a scholar from Jerusalem named Al muqdasi
@@yehyaali4701
He wasn't identified as Palestinian in the sense of identity, but as the name of the place he lived. Just like all Jews in Palestine also referred to themselves as Palestinians until 1948.
It's like someone in Turkey would say he is "Anatolian"
@@yehyaali4701 Greater Palestine was Jordan, Lebanon and Southern Syria - only Jews were consistently referred to as "Palestinian" in the 19th century. Arabs at that time saw themselves as belonging to "Bilad al Shams" ....the land of Southern Syria.
What is the music u used?
Good video honestly, but there is no mention of Nablus which was the main city (or one of them at least) in Palestine, as well as other twons like Haifa, acre, etc
name of background music?
Has anyone here read Ilan Pappè and Leila Khaled?
leila khaled wrote books ? i did read ilan pappe though but benny morris btfoed him and his response "well everyone is biased therefore i can lie" response was shite, avi shlaim is a way better anti zionist historian than pappe
Pape Lost his mind a few Times ago. And Khaled is an activist. It's intert (but biased) Edward Said. And the best historian is Benny Morris, of course
Three inconsistencies in the first three minutes. On to another video!
Am an Israeli Jew and am sure everyone in this comment section will discuss with respect and manners.
Am also convinced no one will reply with Free Palestine to me considering I am not in fact the Israeli Prime Minister❤️
From the river to the sea Palestine will be free.
You have a better chance at finding unicorns than to NOT get "free palastine" replies
@@elias560 it dosent look like that but ok
FREE JERUSALEM
fri palpatine!1!
Thanks for this amazing video. What went wrong during the years of english mandate? For every jew that entered 4 arabs came -Joan Peters. The jews went thru a strict control before they were allowed to enter (came by ship), while the arabs could enter more freely (by land). If the arabs had undergone the same control and was to satify the same demands, as the jews, most of them were to be expelled. This means that most of the palestians living in Israel today are decendants of arabs that didn`t qualify to settle in the area. Why do politicians always tend to mess up?
Free Palestina 🇵🇸