As a person in manufacturing for 43 years, I am fascinated by this video. I conclude by the level of quality in this engine, especially the scuffing on the cylinder wall, that this engine could only last as long as one tank of fuel. It is a one speed, one purpose, one use engine.
That's what it's designed to be, a one way drone. Why spend more money on it? Western weapons companies would've spent ridiculous amounts of money on that engine in order to charge the taxpayers as much as possible. What you see here, however, is the optimum use of resources to reduce costs.
I couldn't help but cackle at "Korea by FAG". Seriously, though, I've never seen a demonstration like this on any other Ukraine channel. Awesome way to both distinguish yourselves and put your expertise to work. Now, if only we had a means of eliminating Shaheds as cheaply as they were made...
How about cheaper? And they do, just not enough of them in Ukraine. It is called the Gepard tank. In fact the ammo to down the drone probably costs far less than the drone. The German Gepard is the one that I know is in use now in Ukraine, and it has not only taken out drones, but at least two cruise missiles, one an Iskander, IIRC. Contrary to popular belief those only fly around mach 2 most of the way to the target, and go hypersonic in the terminal phase. Here is a video, where the idiot runs his mouth over the Gepard in operation (I HATE that), but it does show a cruise missile being downed by that machine. It shoots a large caliber explosive round, so the bang for the buck is very high on drones, and ABSURDLY high on missiles. The range isn't super far, so you need a lot of them to protect large areas. You might be able to do a large city with three or four, I don't remember the exact max intercept range/altitude, as they both matter, more of one leaves less for the other. As for next gen stuff, there are some promising laser designs, one coming out is in the megawatt class, pulsed. It doesn't take very long at a million watts in a fairly small spot to down a missile, and there each shot should be pretty inexpensive. I don't know how they power it, but ABL was chemically pumped. Like I said, the megawatter is coming, but there are already laser systems for drones in place on US fighting vehicles, some of them, and systems on subs, as well. Probably other vehicles and ships as well, but I'm not that up on them. Here is the vid. If you want to hear one, just search 'Gepard radar guided gun Ukraine'. There are a couple of YT vids shot at night, where you can hear the thing operate, and it also looks really cool because you can see the tracer rounds (again, IIRC). Other countries manufacture defensive weapons that work in this manner. th-cam.com/video/mF_Upn9rmjU/w-d-xo.html Cheers. That bearing manufacturer has been around for quite a long time, and you can find them in auto parts stores everywhere.
The Ukrainians probably won't tell you about it but I'd be surprised if they're not developing fixed-wing drones slightly faster than the Shaheds as some kind of cheap-arse SAM. But I wouldn't be surprised if it's nowhere near ready for field testing either since the tricky part is building affordable guidance and proximity fuse systems.
cheap, highly accurate, deals as much damage as expensive missiles or airstrike, quick to deploy and once again extremely cheap. ladies and gentlemen, this is the future of warfare.
@@Dave5843-d9m its not about finding its target but about depleting stocks of extremely expensive intercept missiles. Same way these drones are working today to deplete Israel's iron dome system. Once you compromise the defence systems you send in the serious munitions
It is most definitely not. They are very easy to intercept if you have the right equipment. The only reason the 'right equipment' does not exist in sufficient quantities is because there was never need for it. Now that such drones have been used at scale it is just a matter of time before such equipment becomes widely available which will make this type of weapons obsolete quicker than they became a prominent weapon.
This was a fascinating look into the technical side of the war. You can learn a lot by examining the manufacturer's marks and quality of workmanship. The guy on the right at the end gets 500 points for his mario shirt
The presence of an additional plate with fins on the top of the engine suggests, at least to me, that they might be using sand casting for the cylinders instead of lost foam casting or diecasting. Its much easier if all the fins are parallel. Considering that the metal used is of decent quality due to the crosshatch still being visible, I'm guessing they bought aluminum in the form of something else like other small engines and melted it down. That way they could get a metal that's high quality without there being a visible supply chain. Find out which alloy of aluminum is best used for sandcasting as opposed to diecasting and you'll probably be able to help track down the source of the metal. Also check the fuel-oil ratio of the remaining fuel. If they're running something like 50:1, then that's probably a very nice alloy and thus the aluminum had to have come from melted down engine blocks. Do some analysis of the metal's alloy and see if the metal came from car engines or other small engines. Since they're probably made with sand casting instead of diecasting, the amount of metal molten at one time in their shops is probably relatively little. This means that you might be able to track down the exact source of the aluminum used down to the specific Chinese foundry. Every material used has its own 'fingerprint' that can be tracked down. Here's other ideas I have. Analyze the copper wire in the generator. Copper wire is usually made of virgin copper and not scrap copper in order to keep it pure as possible. If the wire isn't perfectly pure, then that means they're using scrap copper. Analyze the crankshaft too since that can help narrow down the original factory its source metal came from. Check the machining to see if it was done with carbide tooling or with tool steel. I'm sure machinists know what to look for there. Also test the hardware used. Generally I'd expect them to use the best nuts, bolts, and screws. Maybe check the alloy to see if its the same as professionally-made hardware from a Chinese factory. If so, then the screws might have been intentionally made off-center in order to give the false impression they were made in a much junkier factory in some place like India. Just be aware that they know you'll recover the pieces and look for clues. Its easy to misdirect people by stamping incorrect brand names onto bearings and other parts but its much more difficult to do that perfectly when microscopic analysis could tell if the letters and numbers stamped were done by the same machines in the factories the parts purport to come from. Its also more difficult to hide the origin of the metal used since altering it could compromise its material qualities. I think these parts were made in China but disguised to look as though they came from other countries. If the threads on the screws, for instance, were clearly rolled or cut by fancy machinery that would be out of place for a factory that can't center the hex hole in the head, then you know some manipulation is going on.
Cylinders are probably gravity die cast. Sand casting would be *really* hard to do with that close spacing and depth of fins. It would need *real* skill to pull it off. The deepest fins I’ve done were about an inch deep. The sand wasn’t the best…
Secondly, those bore and stroke dimensions look *very* familiar. Seems there’s a Stihl chainsaw engine having a 60 x 44 stroke. I think it’s an 088, 124cc or so.
Being an old aeronautical engineer, this is great stuff, Ira. I can imagine lots of other 'gear-heads' lapping this stuff up. LOL!! Very good video, Guys!!
Great English narration, thanks a lot for making the effort! Greetings from Sweden, I pray for Ukraine every day. I hope our military and humanitarian aid has made a difference.
In my younger days I flew Gyrocopters. The Bensen B-8M. M the or McCullough. The engine was straight off a target drone which was a RCAT (radio controlled aerial target) which is a fixed wing drone. Guys in jets would shoot at them on the bombing range. The McCullough 4318 is a 100 cubic inch, 4 cylinder opposed two stroke. Engine weight is 78 pounds. It came in two kinds 72 and 90 HP. Swinging a 48" 27 pitch wooden prop. Cruise speed 45 kts burning 4.5 gph. Those were the best days. Love flying FPY now. Cheaper and safer but not really the same.
The problem is not in the cheapest parts, but it's mixed with expensive and high-quality ones. This means and proves that this is Iran sh***t that was bought and collected under sanctions.
@@UA_Courage The crosshatching in the cylinders still being visible suggests that they're using a good aluminum alloy and it must be sourced from a reliable, consistent source. Running 2 stroke engines hard without them having a chance to heat up is very rough on the pistons and cylinder walls due to the pistons expanding much more quickly than the cylinders. So the fact that the cylinders aren't all scored up means that the metal used is high quality. Anyway, analyze the makeup of the alloys used especially of the cast parts. Its probably not difficult to narrow down which Chinese factory supplied the metal or if its being sourced from some other consistent source such as a certain model of cars being scrapped. Also keep in mind that the builders of it intend to deceive you as to the origins of the parts. Off-centered screw heads could've intentionally been made that way and stamped numbers and brand names could've been forged. Since high quality bearings are very important for something like this, evidence that the numbers are forged is a very valuable piece of information since not many factories can produce such parts reliably. My guess is a handful of Chinese companies are manufacturing the key components and the aluminum for casting but they're trying to make it look like everything is coming from places like Japan or India. I have no doubt the actual engine cylinders were cast in Iran. Check to see what casting technique was used since they all have telltale signs of the methods used. Diecastings will have porosity and probably highly consistent crystal growth due to consistent cooling of the metal. Lost foam and sand casting will have much less porosity. Also a chemical analysis of the surface can suggest what release agent was used. Diecasting relies on a chemical spray that I believe can permeate into the metal while sand casting is going to use talc and lost foam will use plaster. The wooden prop is made of a tree of a certain species. The width of the rings can suggest if the trees were fertilized and farmed or if they were more old-growth. If something looks obvious, always be aware that the people who built those drones and the people who supplied the materials all have an incentive to deceive you. However, they can't hide everything. Make sure to analyze as many of those drones as possible to check for consistency of the manufacturing.
It's always a balancing act. Yes this motor can have a designed life of ~10 hours. But compromise too much on precision, and you start to affect performance (range in particular) and even manufacturing becomes more expensive because every part needs to be adjusted and hand-fitted.
Very informative. The Iranians have had to be very resourceful for the last several decades due to sanctions so it’s interesting to show how they’re different sources come together.
I think the metal used was of a higher quality. Probably cast from melted down car parts or small engines. Also, just because the aircrafts have a short life time, they still have to have decent engines. Usually in engines, poorly-made parts wear out very quickly and those engines are run for a very long period of time on their one and only flight.
@@ryelor123 These only need one flight ... but yes Probably cast from melted down car parts or small engines and it's something K1VV1's are going to have to learn when their 5 eyes partners Turn On Them
The bearings look like critical parts. I wonder whether a special grade of bearings can be supplied to Iran that are designed to fail after X minutes of use?
easy. just supply standard clearance bearings for crankshaft bearings... they get hot, expand, and seize. can set the cages of little end bearings to let go at certain RPM... 11500rpm on an RD 350 was considered "back off, and cruise into the pits as gently as possible whilst its still running or that simple bearing replacement will become a complete teardown and rebuild..." the cages fractured at around that RPM.
Some government agencies might be able to limit supplies of those specific bearings on the open market and force the ruzzian and iranians to buy the low quality Chinese ones.
The head being an integral part of the cylinder makes it much easier to manufacture with cheap materials and also saves on some accurate machining which would otherwise be needed. Instead of needing a head gasket to seal the high pressure and temperature within the cylinder you have a seal at the other end, which is cool and does not handle any significant pressure except for that needed to push air into the cylinder during induction. It would probably work fine even without a gasket at all as even with a poor metal to metal seal very little of the air fuel mixture would leak out.
Good to see you guys again! That was a great teardown and very interesting! Strange but fascinating to see what ruZZia is using in the drones they get. Stay safe and well! God Bless you guys! Glory to Ukraine! Slava Ukraine!!!
nope. definitely removing part numbers... did THAT all the time when brazing up tungsten carbide tools... generic castings to several merchants, certain clients... you ground the numbers off.
@@paradiselost9946 Kind of pointless for them to remove the numbers when pistons are made from tightly controlled alloys that can be analyzed in a lab so that the exact factory of origin can be determined.
@@ryelor123 ha ha ha ha ha... "tightly controlled alloys" in something thats intended for once time only operation... cool, got ya. no, theyre not made from any old scrap, they use a "tightly controlled " alloy of proprietary ingredients.... sure they do...
! I love that your channel has such different content than all the other channel. When you or Genya talk about mechanical things, I don't know much about it but through your interesting videos, I might be learning.
Be careful assuming that the markings are accurate. If I were the Iranian government, I'd put false markings on parts like bearings and pistons in order to misdirect any supply-chain analysis. In fact, it could be the Chinese manufacturers doing it considering that they'd face zero consequences due to it being a government contract with Iran and not consumer products.
I doubt the Iranians really give a damn. The bearings are likely widely available for multiple uses. Incidentally, those bearings would be very difficult to swap markings on and even trying to remove the original marks would risk damaging them
Beside the quality of the engine we shouldn't forget the destiny of itself. Is a disposable unit with the cheapest manufacturing concept possible meanwhile being a very efficient one.
As somebody who repairs vehicles for a living and is also a machinist by trade, this is a pretty nice video. The engine is not designed to last long so quality is very minimal. I am surprised at the expensive bearings that were used, It could be because Chinese bearings are generally of very low quality, Indian bearings, however, are a very high quality.
7:55 again with the assumptions of knowing the other side. How do you know what they know? How would you distinguish between a worker without knowledge vs a worker instructed to not worry about the 2HP loss because the extra work to machine the parts would not make a significant difference in the application of the drone? Its a crude device that is going to do cruel things...why would you expect maximal or even above average quality? Such drones will be sent in groups to ensure a salvo accomplishes the assigned goal. Salvo size will take into account natural failure rates, probability of being downed by anti-aircraft systems, and the desired probability of striking the target. As long as the failure rates are stable, predictable salvo sizes can be calculated, and sent. In the end it is not the individual quality of individual drones that will matter. I have seen similar trade-offs in my motorcycle -- and it was made by Honda who know something about precision.
It is not about efficiency or power, it is about a reliable action of the engine so that over thousands of launches the guidance is minimally affected by mechanical failures. If the shahed does not hit the tank, or ship, or power plant, or apartment building that russia sends it at, then the consequences are much more expensive than the cost of 1 drone let alone the cost of these basic things such as a reliable coated cylinder or proper gaskets. When 50 russian soldiers receive their 72 virgins from a tank, because their shahed missed because it had poor and unreliable engine performance, they know the real cost of no industry/engineers/talent. Every component that is difficult to make they sourced from another country. Every componwnt that is simple, they did a poor job on it. What is our excuse for allowing them to fight a war against ukraine while armed with supplies they sourced from another nations since they are incapable of making ball bearings on their own?
@@TheMotoManiac What is this rambling? 50 soldiers 72 virgins from a tank? What thousands of launches? These are one way vehicles - they need to survive ~6 flight hours. They will not see two launches. Targeting uses a real time feedback loop. It doesn't rely on particular engine characteristics. Re: industry/engineers/talent. Check your facts brap-buddy. Guess who routinely flies to space? Guess who manufactures their own jet engines and combat aircraft? Guess who builds ice breakers? Guess who builds nuclear power plants across the globe? You can certainly make the case that they don't build every component of every system they use, but to argue that there is no engineering ability is just uneducated and rooted in a simplistic understanding of the world. Read books, it will help.
@zeerocool you misinterpret what i say and then act like i'm a moron. Cool story. You can't tell me that there isn't thousands of shahed's produced and launched. You can't tell me that having poorly cast, uncoated cylinders does not create inconsistencies, and I believe that when they copy western technology with something that looks similar but skips every detail, that is part of what causes them to constantly have glide bombs or drones that miss their shot. As far as the ice-breakers you mention, all that term does is get me a laugh thinking about the little green men in south america that got set up by a decomissioned cruise ship, and sunk one of their "warships" trying to do the common russian move of smashing into it to force it to leave "their" waters. These people are not smart, the best choice they have is copying western engineers and if you're gonna copy something, it can't just look like it, it has to work like it too IE African homemade helicopters.
@zeerocool and the 72 virgins thing is a reference to the name of the drone, "shahed", and what it means to persians/islamic being "observer" or "witness" as in prophet Muhammed. Keep up now
This is a very important video. Questions should be asked. How Iran was able to import critical components for its drone from Japan an Korea for example. Good job on this teardown. As a mechanic myself it was very informative and very well made.
بسیار ساده بود ابتدا ایران با مدارک جعلی بنام کانادا و دبی مقدار زیادی از این موتورها را از شرکت LIMBACH خریداری کردند،بعد از آن شرکت limbach را یک فرد چینی خریداری کرد،و مونتاژ این موتورها را در چین انجام میدادند،از آنجا راحت قطعات برای ایران فرستاده میشد.
I call it the sh*thead drone, seems more appropriate, especially now that I've seen some of it. They don't even cast the cooling fins integral with the cylinder. Man, that is some cheap ass crap. I've never even seen that kind of arrangement on an engine before. That was funny as hell, it didn't even look like a dedicated gasket, but something somebody cut out of a piece of gasket paper. In aircraft engines there is always (as far as I know) a thrust bearing of some sort, usually a flat carrier needle type. Maybe they just added it to one of the main bearings here, and I missed it? Using a standard round axial roller for thrust loads is NOT a good idea. I found that out as a kid, when i mistakenly used them for wheel bearings, actually I think they came that way, but they got changed out for tapers rather quickly. :-/ I can't understand why the crankshaft was bent, given that the rods were slammed over at about 30 degrees when the cylinders sheared off on impact. :-) I'm a little surprised at the Japanese bearings, but I'll bet they were the cheapest, lowest spec/grade available. Maybe they tried Chinese bearings and couldn't make the engine run just the handful of hours that it's use entails? That thing really looks crude. I really enjoyed that they went at the inside of the piston skirts with a die grinder, OMG...that is some precision work, right there. Yeah, not impressed with the 'high tech level' of that mount. First off, it is total overkill, and wasteful of material (If it wasn't a machined casting, but a billet part). And the finish on the part was absurdly fine for the job at hand. It looked as good or better than some the the engine internal parts. Then the machining on some of the rotating parts (prop hub?) looks like it was done with an axe, 'cleaned up' with some 36 grit paper, and then thrown around the shop for a while. That hub also looked like the collar was welded on, then a radius machined, and the weld came up short of the machining in multiple places. I can just see the engineering spec. Well collar and radius to 8mm, it is preferable to have the weld machine to a continuous smooth radius, but 20-40% is adequate. And no more than 10% can be totally without weld. Having the weld look like chicken droppings is also not advised, but not a reason for rejection. And no more than 10% of the periphery may have no weld protrusion, at all. My god, I have never seen crap like that, ESPECIALLY on any kind of aircraft, and I'm talking all the way down to RC engines. I'm guessing some of those parts were ordered from some guy in a shack, in out in the boonies Russia, a guy without a toilet, running water, and machinery to match. I don't know if that motor sat outside for a long time, but the rusty bolts on the engine mounts were a very nice touch...protective finish, ah, who needs it. Great design on the mount, too, with two opposing bolts. WTH was with that washer under the allen bolt, strange rim shape and the collar going up over the bolt head? Maybe some kind of positioner? It also looked like the bolt was about 1/2 way to being seized up in the block (or wherever), unless that white crap is just some kind of grease or loctite, or maybe anti-seize. I've not seen loctite that color, and if it were grease it would probably be lithium, which is about the crappiest grease on the planet. I have seen anti seize in that color (I think), but usually that is black or gray, the stuff I've used. It looks notoriously like what you find in motorcycles stored outside with steel bolts and aluminum blocks, where if you don't have extractors and helicoil kits, you are in some deep doo doo, because they come out snapped in half about 30% of the time given a decade and a half or three, especially the smaller diameter bolts, the 10 mm or smaller head dimensions, and I'm not talking crap designs, materials, and assembly, I'm talking Honda level stuff. Nice alignment allowance on the intake port, too. Har, har. Ah, the bolt heads practically drop through the holes, just mount it and forget it, and for god's sake, when you do the final tightening, DO NOT look down the port and make even the slightest adjustment to maintain any semblance of continuous flow. And yes, you are right, especially in high flow ports, I have seen guys taking motorcycle racing engines to every last drop of performance, and one of them said in one of the old six cylinder designs, when he put it on a flow bench, he could actually hear the flow separating and reattaching in one runner, like an organ pipe. He actually ADDED material, slightly shrinking the cross sectional area at a bend, and increased the flow dramatically. That's highest level work, to squeeze every horsepower out, which obviously isn't necessary in production stuff, but this drone is on the FAR other end. Good job. Often stuff I don't see anywhere else, as was the case here.
it is only meant to be a one time use engine. all it has to do is propel a drone for a few hundred kilometers and then it's destroyed, of course it's going to be made as cheap as possible, it only needs to last like 1000km before exploding
The lockwiring on the prop is standard practice in aviation to secure bolts. Other than that, everything is too low tech/generic to be able to locate something that could disable production by sanctioning. I suppose, the best thing would be to replicate it and throw it the other way.
Generally the larger you make the prop diameter the better the propulsive efficiency. If a 2 bladed prop can absorb the power without supersonic tip speed or inefficiently wide blades it is probably the best option.
The fins on the cylinder and head are very efficient in air cooling especially at speed and high altitude, the type of two stroke engine (or some call a one stroke) are really good and reliable, the way air/fuel is scavenged is excellent for an aircraft as there is no problem of floats bouncing about and cutting fuel off that happens in the old two stroke engine/carburetor set up.
A 66cm propellor is very short. Probably very inefficient at 7500RPM so I would guess the engine runs slower than that and turns a larger prop. Have you been able to get enough of a propeller to estimate the length? Timing can be controlled electronically with slightly after TDC for starting and then advancing with RPM.
That's the specs of the German aviation engine the Iranians copied. That German engine is intended for regular aircraft use. Aviation engines are designed with reliability and durability in mind, with performance taking a back seat to pretty much everything else. The original German version of this engine could probably be tuned to produce far more power, but it wouldn't be as durable and reliable. Of course, the Iranian copy isn't concerned with any of that. All they care about it building it as cheaply as possible, since it's a one time use engine. All it has to do is get the drone to the scene of the crash, so to speak.
I wonder why Iran doesn't use bearings made in Iran. One first glance it ought to be a bad idea to rely on imports for critical materials for defence. But they may have good reason: a) They are unable to produce them in quality/quantity b) They expect their facility to be destroyed c) The drones are mainly for export, not for the defence of Iran so they are not critical for defence (indeed, Russia uses them in they way Germany used V1 and V2 in WWII - as an instrument of terror) I am with (b). They want to keep their vulnerable industry out of this.
c) henry ford was happily supplying the germans with all their bearing requirements by first shipping everything to brazil... so he was profiting from both sides, dont you worry... yay! democracy!
What about the camera used in the drone?. Can let us know as I am quite curious. Don't tell me another camer a like their Orlan 30 a canon dslr camera?.😅
The Shaheds don't have man-in-the-loop control (at least not in the base models currently being used in Ukraine) so there's no need for a camera either. Just a GNSS positioning module and maybe some cheap INS based on smartphone accelerometers.
The only reason they aren't stacking multiple Kart engines instead of making it themselves is no one will sell them kart engines . Two 125cc kart engines would produce 60~80hp for less weight but would need a simple belt reduction drive to the propeller
Very interesting stuff! Amazing how low the cylinder casting quality can be, and be within the acceptable standard. Fissures in the cylinder wall, would normally be completely unacceptable.
I think the cracks were due to it crashing. The crosshatch is still there so the metal had to have been of decent quality. Its also not difficult for decent factories to intentionally make parts look like they're made in lower-quality factories in order to obscure the original manufacturer. I'd expect engine fins to be overly thick if built by substandard workers.
This looks like a well optimised design. Cost Vs function Vs durability. I don't suppose, in the intended market, there's much Factory Acceptance Testing done so few HP here or there won't be noticed. Aero engines are never that special, if the Avco Lycoming was wanting to go by.
This is a cheaply made drone, single use kamikaze style. I put the mfg cost of a whole drone no more than USD7-8K. Remember these are made in Iran so the labor rates are a fraction of US minimum wage. Financially speaking you can't compete with these sorts of weaponry.
Scary that Japanese and European engineering suppliers are shipping components to Iran. This is a really informative analysis. Hopefully it leads to more pressure to block the supply of parts to countries that are supporting Russia.
Since it is designed just for high rpm, you would not be able to run it at low or medium speed with sufficient power. The engine is not suitable for ground vehicles.
I'd be surprised if this was really made in Iran. I rather suspect it's an import from China and it may even be a "geniuine" Limbach engine given that the Chinese own and operate Limbach now, I believe. The cylinder barrels (and pistons) are repurposed chainsaw items from Stihl or possibly equivalent aftermarket pattern parts. The standard barrel does not have sufficient cooling for the aircraft application because it relies on the aircraft dynamic pressure for cooling flow rather than a forced convection fan as in the chainsaw application hence the cylinder tops are machined flat and additional heat sinking is attached.
Not repurposed Stihl component as Stihl chainsaw engines like Husqvarna cylinders and head is cast as a single piece.The carburettor is typical two stroke with a pump diaphragm on one side and a metering diaphragm on the other which operates the single jet needle valve.
I found the video fascinating. On TH-cam I follow the war in Ukraine and the auto industry, particularly EVs. In that space your video would be called a SHAHED 136 drone engine TEAR DOWN. I would find any Russian drone or other equipment tear downs of particular interest. On TH-cam the company that does Tear Downs best is called Munro Live: www.youtube.com/@MunroLive/videos
@@UA_Courage Look up 'Fagot missile', and 'van' if you haven't seen it and are in need of a good laugh. That is some Road Runner cartoon Wile E. Coyote stuff there (the cartoon is pretty funny, too). I guarantee the Ukrainians in that van were breathing a sigh of relief, and probably laughing their asses off, as well. On another YT channel I watch, the guy said, I'm not going to say the name of this missile, I'm just going to spell it out.
Watched a year after publication... How is the fuel supply delivered? Is there any carburettor heating (to stop condensation/freezing)? How heavy is it? Is the crankcase manufactured in Iran? Good video!
standard diaphgram pumping carbs... no, its a standard two stroke crank scavenged schneurle ported design that never flies at a high enough altitude to warrant extra heat. in fact, bolting teh carbs to teh crank directly without some sort of insulator tends to cause vapour lock...
Has the throttle servo any markings to reveal the manufacturer? I saw another tear down video of an identical servo from a shahed, and it included a ST Microelectronics (France) processor.
Really interesting when you think of almost everyone today is using much more complex electronics that allow control options for nearly anything in real time and almost unlimited flight if using solar panels and batteries and some use manned and unmanned satellite link ups…. with no fuel restrictions it can fly independently
Now this is fascinating to me. Limbach 550cc 2Ts are very reliable. Chainsaw carbs make sense due to their inverted happy operation. These cheap n cheerful lil motors can be perfect for ulralights. But Im thinking Motorcycle or a micro car. Whack four expamsion chambers on, four Mikunis, windowed pistons and reed valve induction (and a turbo is doable) and see what occurs!
it's sand molasses cast i bet looks like the rest. The Carb guts etc looks to be motorbike and outboard motor parts probably running it on gas with mothballs dissolved in it doing so would allow such a low quality out of spec engine to easily start and run.. but will kill the motor .. its only going one way once so it doesn't matter
It was a very old used engine, repurposed as a drone motor, nothing fancy. No mystery going on here. Once they blow up all the used ones, they will use plain old Harbor Freight motors.
Wow...very cool 👍 are these the ones that are sometimes called 'mopeds' ? Have you heard one overhead? That seems much larger/heavier than I imagined. Great video. Thank you guys. 🇺🇦 Slava Ukraini
As a person in manufacturing for 43 years, I am fascinated by this video. I conclude by the level of quality in this engine, especially the scuffing on the cylinder wall, that this engine could only last as long as one tank of fuel. It is a one speed, one purpose, one use engine.
Similar engine to my mini bike as a kid
And there are LOTS of those engines around, including all the different variations of it.
sok tau loooo kwonn tholl bapajk muuu
That's what it's designed to be, a one way drone. Why spend more money on it? Western weapons companies would've spent ridiculous amounts of money on that engine in order to charge the taxpayers as much as possible. What you see here, however, is the optimum use of resources to reduce costs.
Indeed. The propeller directly on the crank had me laughing.
I couldn't help but cackle at "Korea by FAG".
Seriously, though, I've never seen a demonstration like this on any other Ukraine channel. Awesome way to both distinguish yourselves and put your expertise to work. Now, if only we had a means of eliminating Shaheds as cheaply as they were made...
Hehe, sorry about “Korea by FAG”))) actually I misspelt to pronounce it F.A.G, but yeah, funny 😂😂😂
How about cheaper? And they do, just not enough of them in Ukraine. It is called the Gepard tank. In fact the ammo to down the drone probably costs far less than the drone. The German Gepard is the one that I know is in use now in Ukraine, and it has not only taken out drones, but at least two cruise missiles, one an Iskander, IIRC. Contrary to popular belief those only fly around mach 2 most of the way to the target, and go hypersonic in the terminal phase.
Here is a video, where the idiot runs his mouth over the Gepard in operation (I HATE that), but it does show a cruise missile being downed by that machine. It shoots a large caliber explosive round, so the bang for the buck is very high on drones, and ABSURDLY high on missiles. The range isn't super far, so you need a lot of them to protect large areas. You might be able to do a large city with three or four, I don't remember the exact max intercept range/altitude, as they both matter, more of one leaves less for the other.
As for next gen stuff, there are some promising laser designs, one coming out is in the megawatt class, pulsed. It doesn't take very long at a million watts in a fairly small spot to down a missile, and there each shot should be pretty inexpensive. I don't know how they power it, but ABL was chemically pumped. Like I said, the megawatter is coming, but there are already laser systems for drones in place on US fighting vehicles, some of them, and systems on subs, as well. Probably other vehicles and ships as well, but I'm not that up on them. Here is the vid. If you want to hear one, just search 'Gepard radar guided gun Ukraine'. There are a couple of YT vids shot at night, where you can hear the thing operate, and it also looks really cool because you can see the tracer rounds (again, IIRC). Other countries manufacture defensive weapons that work in this manner.
th-cam.com/video/mF_Upn9rmjU/w-d-xo.html
Cheers. That bearing manufacturer has been around for quite a long time, and you can find them in auto parts stores everywhere.
I know I can’t just modify my shotgun and shoot down one of those drones, but I’m sure somebody in Alabama is working on how to do just that.
The Ukrainians probably won't tell you about it but I'd be surprised if they're not developing fixed-wing drones slightly faster than the Shaheds as some kind of cheap-arse SAM. But I wouldn't be surprised if it's nowhere near ready for field testing either since the tricky part is building affordable guidance and proximity fuse systems.
@@MrJdseniorself praise with your useless western wonder weapons
As an engine guy, this was awesome. Denys sent me.
cheap, highly accurate, deals as much damage as expensive missiles or airstrike, quick to deploy and once again extremely cheap. ladies and gentlemen, this is the future of warfare.
😂😂😂
Ukraine stops almost every Shaheed used against them. These drones are now a mere nuisance and very expensive for Russia to deploy.
@@Dave5843-d9m They're meant to decrease Ukrainian air defense supplies.
@@Dave5843-d9m its not about finding its target but about depleting stocks of extremely expensive intercept missiles. Same way these drones are working today to deplete Israel's iron dome system. Once you compromise the defence systems you send in the serious munitions
It is most definitely not. They are very easy to intercept if you have the right equipment. The only reason the 'right equipment' does not exist in sufficient quantities is because there was never need for it. Now that such drones have been used at scale it is just a matter of time before such equipment becomes widely available which will make this type of weapons obsolete quicker than they became a prominent weapon.
They don't need quality parts because the engine will run only for what 24 hours maximum before it hits a target so quality control can be subpar
And the ones that fail still keep Air Defense busy.
Yet they use Japanese bearing of high quality and 4 piston design instead of two...🎉🎉🎉
Sanctions are not working
For the short duration that they have to survive, being able to run already means that they passed QC.
This was a fascinating look into the technical side of the war. You can learn a lot by examining the manufacturer's marks and quality of workmanship. The guy on the right at the end gets 500 points for his mario shirt
The presence of an additional plate with fins on the top of the engine suggests, at least to me, that they might be using sand casting for the cylinders instead of lost foam casting or diecasting. Its much easier if all the fins are parallel. Considering that the metal used is of decent quality due to the crosshatch still being visible, I'm guessing they bought aluminum in the form of something else like other small engines and melted it down. That way they could get a metal that's high quality without there being a visible supply chain.
Find out which alloy of aluminum is best used for sandcasting as opposed to diecasting and you'll probably be able to help track down the source of the metal. Also check the fuel-oil ratio of the remaining fuel. If they're running something like 50:1, then that's probably a very nice alloy and thus the aluminum had to have come from melted down engine blocks. Do some analysis of the metal's alloy and see if the metal came from car engines or other small engines. Since they're probably made with sand casting instead of diecasting, the amount of metal molten at one time in their shops is probably relatively little. This means that you might be able to track down the exact source of the aluminum used down to the specific Chinese foundry. Every material used has its own 'fingerprint' that can be tracked down.
Here's other ideas I have. Analyze the copper wire in the generator. Copper wire is usually made of virgin copper and not scrap copper in order to keep it pure as possible. If the wire isn't perfectly pure, then that means they're using scrap copper. Analyze the crankshaft too since that can help narrow down the original factory its source metal came from. Check the machining to see if it was done with carbide tooling or with tool steel. I'm sure machinists know what to look for there. Also test the hardware used. Generally I'd expect them to use the best nuts, bolts, and screws. Maybe check the alloy to see if its the same as professionally-made hardware from a Chinese factory. If so, then the screws might have been intentionally made off-center in order to give the false impression they were made in a much junkier factory in some place like India.
Just be aware that they know you'll recover the pieces and look for clues. Its easy to misdirect people by stamping incorrect brand names onto bearings and other parts but its much more difficult to do that perfectly when microscopic analysis could tell if the letters and numbers stamped were done by the same machines in the factories the parts purport to come from. Its also more difficult to hide the origin of the metal used since altering it could compromise its material qualities.
I think these parts were made in China but disguised to look as though they came from other countries. If the threads on the screws, for instance, were clearly rolled or cut by fancy machinery that would be out of place for a factory that can't center the hex hole in the head, then you know some manipulation is going on.
Cylinders are probably gravity die cast. Sand casting would be *really* hard to do with that close spacing and depth of fins. It would need *real* skill to pull it off.
The deepest fins I’ve done were about an inch deep. The sand wasn’t the best…
Secondly, those bore and stroke dimensions look *very* familiar. Seems there’s a Stihl chainsaw engine having a 60 x 44 stroke. I think it’s an 088, 124cc or so.
Why can't recycled copper be refined to the purity level of new copper?
@@joewoodchuck3824 easily. Most copper is electro-refined prior to use.
@@dennisyoung4631 That's what I thought, but the original post stated that recycled copper couldn't be used to make wire. Oh well.
Being an old aeronautical engineer, this is great stuff, Ira. I can imagine lots of other 'gear-heads' lapping this stuff up. LOL!! Very good video, Guys!!
Great English narration, thanks a lot for making the effort! Greetings from Sweden, I pray for Ukraine every day. I hope our military and humanitarian aid has made a difference.
In my younger days I flew Gyrocopters. The Bensen B-8M. M the or McCullough. The engine was straight off a target drone which was a RCAT (radio controlled aerial target) which is a fixed wing drone. Guys in jets would shoot at them on the bombing range. The McCullough 4318 is a 100 cubic inch, 4 cylinder opposed two stroke. Engine weight is 78 pounds. It came in two kinds 72 and 90 HP. Swinging a 48" 27 pitch wooden prop. Cruise speed 45 kts burning 4.5 gph. Those were the best days. Love flying FPY now. Cheaper and safer but not really the same.
It make sense to compose with cheapest parts when planning to build a suicide drone. one way ticket is enough
The problem is not in the cheapest parts, but it's mixed with expensive and high-quality ones. This means and proves that this is Iran sh***t that was bought and collected under sanctions.
@@UA_Courage The crosshatching in the cylinders still being visible suggests that they're using a good aluminum alloy and it must be sourced from a reliable, consistent source. Running 2 stroke engines hard without them having a chance to heat up is very rough on the pistons and cylinder walls due to the pistons expanding much more quickly than the cylinders. So the fact that the cylinders aren't all scored up means that the metal used is high quality.
Anyway, analyze the makeup of the alloys used especially of the cast parts. Its probably not difficult to narrow down which Chinese factory supplied the metal or if its being sourced from some other consistent source such as a certain model of cars being scrapped. Also keep in mind that the builders of it intend to deceive you as to the origins of the parts. Off-centered screw heads could've intentionally been made that way and stamped numbers and brand names could've been forged. Since high quality bearings are very important for something like this, evidence that the numbers are forged is a very valuable piece of information since not many factories can produce such parts reliably.
My guess is a handful of Chinese companies are manufacturing the key components and the aluminum for casting but they're trying to make it look like everything is coming from places like Japan or India. I have no doubt the actual engine cylinders were cast in Iran. Check to see what casting technique was used since they all have telltale signs of the methods used. Diecastings will have porosity and probably highly consistent crystal growth due to consistent cooling of the metal. Lost foam and sand casting will have much less porosity. Also a chemical analysis of the surface can suggest what release agent was used. Diecasting relies on a chemical spray that I believe can permeate into the metal while sand casting is going to use talc and lost foam will use plaster. The wooden prop is made of a tree of a certain species. The width of the rings can suggest if the trees were fertilized and farmed or if they were more old-growth.
If something looks obvious, always be aware that the people who built those drones and the people who supplied the materials all have an incentive to deceive you. However, they can't hide everything. Make sure to analyze as many of those drones as possible to check for consistency of the manufacturing.
It's always a balancing act. Yes this motor can have a designed life of ~10 hours. But compromise too much on precision, and you start to affect performance (range in particular) and even manufacturing becomes more expensive because every part needs to be adjusted and hand-fitted.
@@olaf927 while “cheap” is a requirement, the drone must also be “reliable” as well. It has to *get* to the target.
Very informative. The Iranians have had to be very resourceful for the last several decades due to sanctions so it’s interesting to show how they’re different sources come together.
Iran and previously S. Africa show how sanctions can make countries more self sufficient! Unintended consequences.
Great video, fascinating! Much better to have the wife of the engineer narrating than an AI voice
Yes it was poor quality but it only had to work for an hour then explode
I think the metal used was of a higher quality. Probably cast from melted down car parts or small engines. Also, just because the aircrafts have a short life time, they still have to have decent engines. Usually in engines, poorly-made parts wear out very quickly and those engines are run for a very long period of time on their one and only flight.
@@ryelor123 These only need one flight ... but yes Probably cast from melted down car parts or small engines and it's something K1VV1's are going to have to learn when their 5 eyes partners Turn On Them
The bearings look like critical parts. I wonder whether a special grade of bearings can be supplied to Iran that are designed to fail after X minutes of use?
They are mostly the same, there are no special modifications for failure. I'm sure they imported as double-use supplies.
Now that would be a very cunning plan.
easy. just supply standard clearance bearings for crankshaft bearings... they get hot, expand, and seize.
can set the cages of little end bearings to let go at certain RPM... 11500rpm on an RD 350 was considered "back off, and cruise into the pits as gently as possible whilst its still running or that simple bearing replacement will become a complete teardown and rebuild..." the cages fractured at around that RPM.
Some government agencies might be able to limit supplies of those specific bearings on the open market and force the ruzzian and iranians to buy the low quality Chinese ones.
The head being an integral part of the cylinder makes it much easier to manufacture with cheap materials and also saves on some accurate machining which would otherwise be needed. Instead of needing a head gasket to seal the high pressure and temperature within the cylinder you have a seal at the other end, which is cool and does not handle any significant pressure except for that needed to push air into the cylinder during induction. It would probably work fine even without a gasket at all as even with a poor metal to metal seal very little of the air fuel mixture would leak out.
Good to see you guys again! That was a great teardown and very interesting!
Strange but fascinating to see what ruZZia is using in the drones they get.
Stay safe and well!
God Bless you guys!
Glory to Ukraine!
Slava Ukraine!!!
The grinding inside the piston walls may be removal of material to balance the engine. We did it all the time in automotive.
Unlikely, as it appears to be the same on all pistons.
You'd be better off shaving the bottom of the piston skirt for that.
nope. definitely removing part numbers... did THAT all the time when brazing up tungsten carbide tools... generic castings to several merchants, certain clients... you ground the numbers off.
@@paradiselost9946 Kind of pointless for them to remove the numbers when pistons are made from tightly controlled alloys that can be analyzed in a lab so that the exact factory of origin can be determined.
@@ryelor123 ha ha ha ha ha... "tightly controlled alloys" in something thats intended for once time only operation... cool, got ya. no, theyre not made from any old scrap, they use a "tightly controlled " alloy of proprietary ingredients.... sure they do...
! I love that your channel has such different content than all the other channel. When you or Genya talk about mechanical things, I don't know much about it but through your interesting videos, I might be learning.
Great!
Great quality recording of the audio voice over! Well translated, well written, well presented. 👍👍🙏 Engine is pretty primitive, basic and low tech!
A German engine in an Iranian drone, shot down in Ukraine by US guns...
We are the world
We are the children
Military industrial complex. This is how war brings profit to everyone
German Model Made in China.
Globalisation at its finest
Operated by Russia with Chinese, Japanese and Korean parts
Be careful assuming that the markings are accurate. If I were the Iranian government, I'd put false markings on parts like bearings and pistons in order to misdirect any supply-chain analysis. In fact, it could be the Chinese manufacturers doing it considering that they'd face zero consequences due to it being a government contract with Iran and not consumer products.
I doubt the Iranians really give a damn. The bearings are likely widely available for multiple uses. Incidentally, those bearings would be very difficult to swap markings on and even trying to remove the original marks would risk damaging them
An a classic car motor enthusiast and semi-professional aviator, I did find this video informative.
Beside the quality of the engine we shouldn't forget the destiny of itself. Is a disposable unit with the cheapest manufacturing concept possible meanwhile being a very efficient one.
Thanks for the translation to English
Thanks 👍
As somebody who repairs vehicles for a living and is also a machinist by trade, this is a pretty nice video.
The engine is not designed to last long so quality is very minimal. I am surprised at the expensive bearings that were used, It could be because Chinese bearings are generally of very low quality, Indian bearings, however, are a very high quality.
Don't overthink it, it's probably just because of availability.
Looks like the inside of almost every Chinese motorcycle I've seen
fantastic video, I always wondered about the tipe of engine in those devices. Thank you for the images and audio.
This is the video i'm looking for, as a fearsome weapon of this war.
Thank for the great video
They dont need high quality parts😂😂😂
They want to achieve low cost but effective...
Excellent, detailed informative video. Thanks a lot!
7:55 again with the assumptions of knowing the other side. How do you know what they know? How would you distinguish between a worker without knowledge vs a worker instructed to not worry about the 2HP loss because the extra work to machine the parts would not make a significant difference in the application of the drone? Its a crude device that is going to do cruel things...why would you expect maximal or even above average quality? Such drones will be sent in groups to ensure a salvo accomplishes the assigned goal. Salvo size will take into account natural failure rates, probability of being downed by anti-aircraft systems, and the desired probability of striking the target. As long as the failure rates are stable, predictable salvo sizes can be calculated, and sent. In the end it is not the individual quality of individual drones that will matter. I have seen similar trade-offs in my motorcycle -- and it was made by Honda who know something about precision.
It is not about efficiency or power, it is about a reliable action of the engine so that over thousands of launches the guidance is minimally affected by mechanical failures. If the shahed does not hit the tank, or ship, or power plant, or apartment building that russia sends it at, then the consequences are much more expensive than the cost of 1 drone let alone the cost of these basic things such as a reliable coated cylinder or proper gaskets. When 50 russian soldiers receive their 72 virgins from a tank, because their shahed missed because it had poor and unreliable engine performance, they know the real cost of no industry/engineers/talent. Every component that is difficult to make they sourced from another country. Every componwnt that is simple, they did a poor job on it. What is our excuse for allowing them to fight a war against ukraine while armed with supplies they sourced from another nations since they are incapable of making ball bearings on their own?
@@TheMotoManiac What is this rambling? 50 soldiers 72 virgins from a tank? What thousands of launches? These are one way vehicles - they need to survive ~6 flight hours. They will not see two launches. Targeting uses a real time feedback loop. It doesn't rely on particular engine characteristics. Re: industry/engineers/talent. Check your facts brap-buddy. Guess who routinely flies to space? Guess who manufactures their own jet engines and combat aircraft? Guess who builds ice breakers? Guess who builds nuclear power plants across the globe? You can certainly make the case that they don't build every component of every system they use, but to argue that there is no engineering ability is just uneducated and rooted in a simplistic understanding of the world. Read books, it will help.
@zeerocool you misinterpret what i say and then act like i'm a moron. Cool story. You can't tell me that there isn't thousands of shahed's produced and launched. You can't tell me that having poorly cast, uncoated cylinders does not create inconsistencies, and I believe that when they copy western technology with something that looks similar but skips every detail, that is part of what causes them to constantly have glide bombs or drones that miss their shot.
As far as the ice-breakers you mention, all that term does is get me a laugh thinking about the little green men in south america that got set up by a decomissioned cruise ship, and sunk one of their "warships" trying to do the common russian move of smashing into it to force it to leave "their" waters. These people are not smart, the best choice they have is copying western engineers and if you're gonna copy something, it can't just look like it, it has to work like it too IE African homemade helicopters.
@@zeerocool we are talking statistics here, not one drone being launched thousands of times
@zeerocool and the 72 virgins thing is a reference to the name of the drone, "shahed", and what it means to persians/islamic being "observer" or "witness" as in prophet Muhammed. Keep up now
This is a very important video. Questions should be asked. How Iran was able to import critical components for its drone from Japan an Korea for example. Good job on this teardown. As a mechanic myself it was very informative and very well made.
بسیار ساده بود ابتدا ایران با مدارک جعلی بنام کانادا و دبی مقدار زیادی از این موتورها را از شرکت LIMBACH خریداری کردند،بعد از آن شرکت limbach را یک فرد چینی خریداری کرد،و مونتاژ این موتورها را در چین انجام میدادند،از آنجا راحت قطعات برای ایران فرستاده میشد.
Interesting to see the name of manufacturers who supply parts for these engines. I will try to avoid doing any business with them.
Interesting I saw the original video, but this one is six days old and it just showed up.
I call it the sh*thead drone, seems more appropriate, especially now that I've seen some of it. They don't even cast the cooling fins integral with the cylinder. Man, that is some cheap ass crap. I've never even seen that kind of arrangement on an engine before. That was funny as hell, it didn't even look like a dedicated gasket, but something somebody cut out of a piece of gasket paper. In aircraft engines there is always (as far as I know) a thrust bearing of some sort, usually a flat carrier needle type. Maybe they just added it to one of the main bearings here, and I missed it? Using a standard round axial roller for thrust loads is NOT a good idea. I found that out as a kid, when i mistakenly used them for wheel bearings, actually I think they came that way, but they got changed out for tapers rather quickly. :-/
I can't understand why the crankshaft was bent, given that the rods were slammed over at about 30 degrees when the cylinders sheared off on impact. :-) I'm a little surprised at the Japanese bearings, but I'll bet they were the cheapest, lowest spec/grade available. Maybe they tried Chinese bearings and couldn't make the engine run just the handful of hours that it's use entails? That thing really looks crude. I really enjoyed that they went at the inside of the piston skirts with a die grinder, OMG...that is some precision work, right there.
Yeah, not impressed with the 'high tech level' of that mount. First off, it is total overkill, and wasteful of material (If it wasn't a machined casting, but a billet part). And the finish on the part was absurdly fine for the job at hand. It looked as good or better than some the the engine internal parts. Then the machining on some of the rotating parts (prop hub?) looks like it was done with an axe, 'cleaned up' with some 36 grit paper, and then thrown around the shop for a while. That hub also looked like the collar was welded on, then a radius machined, and the weld came up short of the machining in multiple places. I can just see the engineering spec. Well collar and radius to 8mm, it is preferable to have the weld machine to a continuous smooth radius, but 20-40% is adequate. And no more than 10% can be totally without weld. Having the weld look like chicken droppings is also not advised, but not a reason for rejection. And no more than 10% of the periphery may have no weld protrusion, at all. My god, I have never seen crap like that, ESPECIALLY on any kind of aircraft, and I'm talking all the way down to RC engines.
I'm guessing some of those parts were ordered from some guy in a shack, in out in the boonies Russia, a guy without a toilet, running water, and machinery to match. I don't know if that motor sat outside for a long time, but the rusty bolts on the engine mounts were a very nice touch...protective finish, ah, who needs it. Great design on the mount, too, with two opposing bolts.
WTH was with that washer under the allen bolt, strange rim shape and the collar going up over the bolt head? Maybe some kind of positioner? It also looked like the bolt was about 1/2 way to being seized up in the block (or wherever), unless that white crap is just some kind of grease or loctite, or maybe anti-seize. I've not seen loctite that color, and if it were grease it would probably be lithium, which is about the crappiest grease on the planet. I have seen anti seize in that color (I think), but usually that is black or gray, the stuff I've used. It looks notoriously like what you find in motorcycles stored outside with steel bolts and aluminum blocks, where if you don't have extractors and helicoil kits, you are in some deep doo doo, because they come out snapped in half about 30% of the time given a decade and a half or three, especially the smaller diameter bolts, the 10 mm or smaller head dimensions, and I'm not talking crap designs, materials, and assembly, I'm talking Honda level stuff.
Nice alignment allowance on the intake port, too. Har, har. Ah, the bolt heads practically drop through the holes, just mount it and forget it, and for god's sake, when you do the final tightening, DO NOT look down the port and make even the slightest adjustment to maintain any semblance of continuous flow. And yes, you are right, especially in high flow ports, I have seen guys taking motorcycle racing engines to every last drop of performance, and one of them said in one of the old six cylinder designs, when he put it on a flow bench, he could actually hear the flow separating and reattaching in one runner, like an organ pipe. He actually ADDED material, slightly shrinking the cross sectional area at a bend, and increased the flow dramatically. That's highest level work, to squeeze every horsepower out, which obviously isn't necessary in production stuff, but this drone is on the FAR other end.
Good job. Often stuff I don't see anywhere else, as was the case here.
Thanks for such detailed feedback. Love it 🤗
it's a one time engine.....maybe design is hard for you to understand....it is not designed for quality
Its quantity over quality lol they flying 5 drone at the same time you are dumb
it is only meant to be a one time use engine. all it has to do is propel a drone for a few hundred kilometers and then it's destroyed, of course it's going to be made as cheap as possible, it only needs to last like 1000km before exploding
If those are deep groove bearings, they are more then strong enough to act as trust bearings for the short lifespan of this engine.
The lockwiring on the prop is standard practice in aviation to secure bolts. Other than that, everything is too low tech/generic to be able to locate something that could disable production by sanctioning. I suppose, the best thing would be to replicate it and throw it the other way.
I wouldn't call that prop mount "old fashioned" rc and full scale still use and make them.
Yeah. And i wonder why only a two bladed prop? It could have a higher tip speed (without going supersonic), with more blades and reduced diameter.
Generally the larger you make the prop diameter the better the propulsive efficiency. If a 2 bladed prop can absorb the power without supersonic tip speed or inefficiently wide blades it is probably the best option.
Greetings and warm wishes from the UK. This is fascinating. Thank you and stay safe.
Very InTeReStiNg... and a outstanding English description/translation. Thank you.
The fins on the cylinder and head are very efficient in air cooling especially at speed and high altitude, the type of two stroke engine (or some call a one stroke) are really good and reliable, the way air/fuel is scavenged is excellent for an aircraft as there is no problem of floats bouncing about and cutting fuel off that happens in the old two stroke engine/carburetor set up.
Limbachs are used in a lot of UAVs and even certified aircraft. Nice job on the disassembly vid. Ukraine is going to win this war and soon.
Good luck guys !
thx for the video and please stay strong there !
Very informative video.. thank you. Please don’t enclose any other enigine flaws. Iran should keep these flaws in production.
Like? It's a single use item.There is no flaws as it's maximum design run time is 10 hour.
A 66cm propellor is very short. Probably very inefficient at 7500RPM so I would guess the engine runs slower than that and turns a larger prop. Have you been able to get enough of a propeller to estimate the length?
Timing can be controlled electronically with slightly after TDC for starting and then advancing with RPM.
Nice reverse engineering jobs I will have to pass this one along to some Olson colleagues of mine
Fascinating and educational. Thank you
50Hp from 550cc twostroke is really underachieving performance. Those numbers belong to the early 1970s.
That's the specs of the German aviation engine the Iranians copied. That German engine is intended for regular aircraft use. Aviation engines are designed with reliability and durability in mind, with performance taking a back seat to pretty much everything else. The original German version of this engine could probably be tuned to produce far more power, but it wouldn't be as durable and reliable.
Of course, the Iranian copy isn't concerned with any of that. All they care about it building it as cheaply as possible, since it's a one time use engine. All it has to do is get the drone to the scene of the crash, so to speak.
Primitive people somehow stole parts and ideas to make a working machine. 😂
You know the Persians invented higher level math thousands of year ago don't you?@@johnycash8291
It's a lowest cost engine what do you want a turbo charger?
@@johnycash8291 my guess is the average Iranian has twice the brainpower of yourself.
Its called shAheeed..it means Martyr (kamikaze) so no need for quality parts..
I wonder why Iran doesn't use bearings made in Iran. One first glance it ought to be a bad idea to rely on imports for critical materials for defence. But they may have good reason:
a) They are unable to produce them in quality/quantity
b) They expect their facility to be destroyed
c) The drones are mainly for export, not for the defence of Iran so they are not critical for defence (indeed, Russia uses them in they way Germany used V1 and V2 in WWII - as an instrument of terror)
I am with (b). They want to keep their vulnerable industry out of this.
lol, destroyed by who? you cant touch Iran in whichever weak country you live
c) henry ford was happily supplying the germans with all their bearing requirements by first shipping everything to brazil... so he was profiting from both sides, dont you worry...
yay! democracy!
d) They don't have a bearing industry.
Kind of good music under the video.................... Everybody understands now the origin of this device!
cheap and effective genus
What about the camera used in the drone?. Can let us know as I am quite curious. Don't tell me another camer a like their Orlan 30 a canon dslr camera?.😅
The Shaheds don't have man-in-the-loop control (at least not in the base models currently being used in Ukraine) so there's no need for a camera either. Just a GNSS positioning module and maybe some cheap INS based on smartphone accelerometers.
The lock wire on the propeller bolts is incorrectly fitted .
Дякую вам обом! За те, що ви витратили час і енергію на ці відео. Слава Україні, Героям Слави. Love from America! 🇺🇦🇺🇲🇺🇦🇺🇲
vw engine evolution??
The only reason they aren't stacking multiple Kart engines instead of making it themselves is no one will sell them kart engines . Two 125cc kart engines would produce 60~80hp for less weight but would need a simple belt reduction drive to the propeller
This engine or very similar are available for civilian drones in Australia the tech is very well known.
Very interesting stuff! Amazing how low the cylinder casting quality can be, and be within the acceptable standard. Fissures in the cylinder wall, would normally be completely unacceptable.
I think the cracks were due to it crashing. The crosshatch is still there so the metal had to have been of decent quality. Its also not difficult for decent factories to intentionally make parts look like they're made in lower-quality factories in order to obscure the original manufacturer. I'd expect engine fins to be overly thick if built by substandard workers.
You give them good info about things they do wrong
There's always a chance the airflow restriction was intentional.
It is good enough for their purpose, so no need to over engineer these things.
This looks like a well optimised design. Cost Vs function Vs durability. I don't suppose, in the intended market, there's much Factory Acceptance Testing done so few HP here or there won't be noticed. Aero engines are never that special, if the Avco Lycoming was wanting to go by.
1:33 Didn't know that was outdated, thanks!
Good job. Thanks from Canada.
intersting... thanks !!
This is a cheaply made drone, single use kamikaze style. I put the mfg cost of a whole drone no more than USD7-8K. Remember these are made in Iran so the labor rates are a fraction of US minimum wage. Financially speaking you can't compete with these sorts of weaponry.
Scary that Japanese and European engineering suppliers are shipping components to Iran. This is a really informative analysis. Hopefully it leads to more pressure to block the supply of parts to countries that are supporting Russia.
Lol but it work effectively lol no matters about its quality lol
Very interesting video.
Thanks.
Your husband seems to really know a lot about engines.
Fascinating. Well done.
Fascinating insights. Thank you.
That would be a cool mini bike engine
Since it is designed just for high rpm, you would not be able to run it at low or medium speed with sufficient power. The engine is not suitable for ground vehicles.
@@dervideoonkel6794 low gearing makes any motor work for a ground vehicle
That would be fun to play with! Lots of potential for mods.
not really, It would wear out in no time, and probably has hardly any torque until its close to max rpm.
The RC servo would be interesting to examine.
I'd be surprised if this was really made in Iran. I rather suspect it's an import from China and it may even be a "geniuine" Limbach engine given that the Chinese own and operate Limbach now, I believe. The cylinder barrels (and pistons) are repurposed chainsaw items from Stihl or possibly equivalent aftermarket pattern parts. The standard barrel does not have sufficient cooling for the aircraft application because it relies on the aircraft dynamic pressure for cooling flow rather than a forced convection fan as in the chainsaw application hence the cylinder tops are machined flat and additional heat sinking is attached.
Not repurposed Stihl component as Stihl chainsaw engines like Husqvarna cylinders and head is cast as a single piece.The carburettor is typical two stroke with a pump diaphragm on one side and a metering diaphragm on the other which operates the single jet needle valve.
You know iran is a big car maker?
Why would this engine be hard for them? I can make this engine by casting it myself in sand
@@anon-iraq2655 If they cast in sand, they have a huge manufacturing potential...
great video!😀
Think the sparking mechanism is detectable from miles away.
Fred Flintstone IFF
Excellent thank you 🧡
I found the video fascinating. On TH-cam I follow the war in Ukraine and the auto industry, particularly EVs. In that space your video would be called a SHAHED 136 drone engine TEAR DOWN. I would find any Russian drone or other equipment tear downs of particular interest. On TH-cam the company that does Tear Downs best is called Munro Live: www.youtube.com/@MunroLive/videos
Thank you) I see, we will know it now 🤗
@@UA_Courage Look up 'Fagot missile', and 'van' if you haven't seen it and are in need of a good laugh. That is some Road Runner cartoon Wile E. Coyote stuff there (the cartoon is pretty funny, too). I guarantee the Ukrainians in that van were breathing a sigh of relief, and probably laughing their asses off, as well. On another YT channel I watch, the guy said, I'm not going to say the name of this missile, I'm just going to spell it out.
Take a close look @ the font style of the numbers on the cylinder to guess what country made those
Fascinating!
Watched a year after publication...
How is the fuel supply delivered? Is there any carburettor heating (to stop condensation/freezing)? How heavy is it?
Is the crankcase manufactured in Iran?
Good video!
standard diaphgram pumping carbs...
no, its a standard two stroke crank scavenged schneurle ported design that never flies at a high enough altitude to warrant extra heat. in fact, bolting teh carbs to teh crank directly without some sort of insulator tends to cause vapour lock...
Has the throttle servo any markings to reveal the manufacturer? I saw another tear down video of an identical servo from a shahed, and it included a ST Microelectronics (France) processor.
Really interesting when you think of almost everyone today is using much more complex electronics that allow control options for nearly anything in real time and almost unlimited flight if using solar panels and batteries and some use manned and unmanned satellite link ups…. with no fuel restrictions it can fly independently
Now this is fascinating to me. Limbach 550cc 2Ts are very reliable. Chainsaw carbs make sense due to their inverted happy operation.
These cheap n cheerful lil motors can be perfect for ulralights. But Im thinking Motorcycle or a micro car.
Whack four expamsion chambers on, four Mikunis, windowed pistons and reed valve induction (and a turbo is doable) and see what occurs!
it's sand molasses cast i bet looks like the rest. The Carb guts etc looks to be motorbike and outboard motor parts probably running it on gas with mothballs dissolved in it doing so would allow such a low quality out of spec engine to easily start and run.. but will kill the motor .. its only going one way once so it doesn't matter
Would be interesting to see if it evolved in any way with the upcoming 'Sunflower 200' Shahed copy from China.
💛💙
Cylinders from a old Stihl 090 chainsaw
It was a very old used engine, repurposed as a drone motor, nothing fancy. No mystery going on here. Once they blow up all the used ones, they will use plain old Harbor Freight motors.
@6:17 The lower quality isn't critical for a one way trip to absolute destruction.
Any thoughts on the altitude limitations of the engine/induction design?
it would be interesting if you could get several downed drones and scavenge all good parts and rebuild a working engine.
thank you for sharing. please keep up the good work.
Needs porting on intakes... 🙃
Never stop learning.
Thank you.
A wooden wedge is a simple engine. It is designed for one trip. Maybe the bearings can be traced. 🤔
Wow...very cool 👍 are these the ones that are sometimes called 'mopeds' ? Have you heard one overhead? That seems much larger/heavier than I imagined. Great video. Thank you guys.
🇺🇦 Slava Ukraini
Yes, this one exactly what called “moped” or “bledina”. Luckily I don't hear one in real life, but I saw videos with this sound.
@@UA_Courage thank you for your reply! 💙💛 I am glad you don't hear them in real life!
Stay safe!
Thank you for the analysis and translation. Героям слава!