How an Automatic Transmission Works (FWD)
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 23 ต.ค. 2017
- Here's how a front wheel drive automatic transmission works in your passenger automobile.
The automatic transmission is responsible for providing a selection of gear ratios between the engine and drive wheels of a car. The transmission uses the principle of planetary gears, which are always meshed together to vary gear ratios. This results in speed reductions and torque multiplication.
Most gasoline engines are tuned to generate more power as the RPM increases. Thus a low gear ratio, which multiplies torque, helps a vehicle to take off from a stop. Once inertia is achieved and the vehicle is coasting, the transmission will engage the next gear, resulting in a speed increase.
Increasing the speed output also decreases the amount of fuel an engine will consume, since it will be rotating at a slower RPM for a given output. Newer transmissions may have 6, 7, 8, 9 and upto 10 speed ratios to choose from! The downside to having too many gears is that the tranny will tend to hunt or get confused as to which is the optimal gear to be in at a given throttle input.
In this video an automatic transmission from a Toyota Corolla is torn down to the basics to show it works. The main components include the input shaft, planetary gearset, one way clutch, clutch discs and bands, valve body, case, countershaft, differential, oil pump and torque converter. This transmission is the 4 speed automatic transmission (A245E) used in Corollas from 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008.
A full writeup and discussion of this transmission breakdown can be found here:
www.toyotanation.com/forum/131...
More information on how the torque converter can be found in my separate video here:
• How a Torque Converter...
The removal of the engine and transmission:
• How to Remove an Engine
Get your supplies and tools to work on your transmission here:
Transmission Fluid:
amzn.to/3z77Lsp (US)
amzn.to/3lk8KAK (Canada)
Impact gun:
amzn.to/3nGh0O6 (US)
amzn.to/3kaL1Ul (Canada)
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www.etsy.com/ca/shop/Speedkar
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Much respect to all the transmission mechanics out there!
+Master Bass and the engineers!
Thanks 😊
its only nuts and bolts , and a few clips,
@@aeroflopper lmao
for real, especiall mnual, the wholoe thing is covered in oil because thre is no oil pump in manuals
Finally a person who actually explains how the clutchplates are triggered
Yep
I try to give as much detail while being concise
@@speedkar99 that's exactly what I was looking for while searching how automatic engines work, thank you speedkar99
Husam Janahi same here
Yea!! Who knew it was simply a bunch of little bitty balls and a tunnel of mazes for the pressure plates to transport oil through to engage the clutch and tell it what gear to shif to!!! This video explained it the best!!!!
I’m an engine guy and I was honestly confused on the ins and outs of automatic transmissions but you cleared it up. Your a very smart individual and a very good instructor
I'm glad it helped. Please check my RWD transmission video
Not only is the design complex, but imagine the metallurgy and manufacturing involved!
Agreed
This is so complicated, I think I better switch back to using a horse.
+Crazy Candy Crush a horse is even more complicated...think of all the living parts
not if it's a robo-horse with it's own transmission
Time to dismantle a horse
But will it blend?
Just switch to a manual transmission. Way simpler and more fun
Ya gotta wonder how the hell someone came up with this design.
It's so vast.
Lots of drugs my friend
I've found it's more difficult to design something simple than complex
Many engineers after many years, have you ever looked at the first transmission they eventually get better and better.
Now think of what goes on in a 🚁 where the only stationary thing is the pilot
A bloke engineer sitting in his shed thinking if only we didn’t need a clutch!
Precise , to-the-point and practical. No one explains like you in all of TH-cam.
Your brother must be very lucky.
Thanks for the kind feedback
SO COMPLEX - the people that developed this were unsung geniuses
Or they had some really good drugs.
@@jamesb8305 I know you're probably joking, but I can guarantee you the engineers over the years designing this would have been cold sober, otherwise they wouldn't have been allowed to work. This is coming from someone who is pro drugs btw, but I'm just being realistic.
@@yngfljm2277 nawww lots of adderall
what an amazing piece of engineering. It's so complicated, yet it needs to operate reliably over the life of the car. It amazes me just thinking the amount of design that goes into this. Thanks for the video
protoslashwyl
protoslashwyl budi
proto, exactly!!! u said it.
3:20 oh, my Zeus! Look. at. all. this. nonsense........ This is painfully obvious demonstration why the internal combustion engine is so terribly energy inefficient. We need a much simpler, more energy efficient drivetrain.
Wait.
We do. It's called a battery electric car.
I need a glass of water after watching this mind numbingly outdated technology..
No disrespect to the mechanic.
Mike Bablles it's only outdated if all you see your car as is an A to B machine with no care for the trip in between. Try taking a 4 day or longer trip, completely off road, like I'm about to do, with an electric and tell me when you run out of battery
Its just amazing considering that most of this design as been achieved by mechanical engineers in the 50's/60's without any help from CAD/CAM programs, not even a pocket calculator.
+John Kubik exactly eh! What an engineering marvel.
Just shows all you need is pencil and paper and math and a mind. Not a computer to engineer
Designed by men & women who could use their minds and they visualized it as they progressed.
John Kubic,
They were using slide rule for calculation.
Actually, the 30's... or even before...
i love how this makes more sense that all those (probably) expensive animations and narrations
I agree.
I will never look at my car the same way again. That was amazing bro, good job!
+Ali Shaarawi thanks! Me too, I've learned a lot taking this one apart, makes me have a different perspective
I am an Automatic Transmission professional and You are a very good fast pace teacher,,,, when people realize how complicated these things are Thay don't complain about the cost !!!
Thanks for the kind feedback from a pro!
@@speedkar99 Your Very welcome LRE
You are SO RIGHT! I am absolutely blown away at the complexity of this. And I just put my van in the shop an hour ago!
@@kameeleon32 hope you get good service , happy motoring 😊 From Edwards Bro Transmissions RR NC!
Very well explained. Automatic transmissions can almost be considered to be a fluid filled mechanical computer - but instead of processing input data and generating output data, they are processing inputs (acceleration requirements, etc) and producing outputs (increased speed via smoothly changing gears). Great video. Thanks !
Awesome
I've watched over 5 videos on how automatics work and still confused
It is simple but they make it look confusing. Hands on is the best way to learn.
You better stay at cleaning clothes
Don't worry u still watch million videos of automatic transmission you still be con fused.
That's normal I think because it is confusing due to its complexity so I think just keep watching until its no longer so.
One way that I've learned how it works is going piece by piece, first I learned ed how a torque converter works, then the fluid mechanics, then the planetary gears, then the electronics. I kinda learned it in a weird pattern but I mean after a while I understood it
Very complex Transmission. Amazed at how our transmission specialists Over-Haul and Repair our complex transmissions of so many different cars. They're skills are Un-recognized. Now I know what I'm paying for. And they work for ever.
It sure is complex but you haven't seen a modern 10 speed yet
Your channel is like college of automotive engineering...One more year of watching your videos and i'll be ready to open my own auto service :D
+Petar Thanks, it sure is a good database of how things work, haven taken apart every part of the car. Stay tuned, I have more like this coming up
And like everything, he still needs to be fact checked.
I greatly appreciate the guys that put together videos like this! Thanks!🇺🇸🦅
I'm glad you appreciate it so much.
Wow. After years of wrenching I finally understand how an automatic transmission actually decides on and selects gears. I'll be showing this to my 8th grade class! Your explanations are so clear and concise while managing to account for every key detail. Thank you!
RESPECT for the Mechanical Engineers of the 50’s and 60’s. See how BRILLIANT they are to create this piece of amazing mechanical system for our cars without the help of stupid computers and scientific calculators. Nowadays engineers can not work without computers who do the job more than their brains
Good
The best way to describe the valve body is that its an analog, hydraulically operated computer of sorts.
John Hydraulic CPU
There’s no computing going on. So your analogy is wrong.
@marek those hydraulic circuits are not random, they're calculated or computed. So you're wrong.
That is so complex, WOW. Seeing that maze for the fluid, really puts into perspective for me, why you need to flush your trans every 30-50K miles.
speedkar99 I no longer want to complain about my trans dying at 124k miles... I'm surprised they last 100 miles with all those parts
@@speedkar99 very good point 99 iTell my customers all the time IF it's not broke Leave it Alone 😂 from Edwards Bro Transmissions RR N,C,
@penny P complex doesn't always mean not reliable. Look at the submarines.
@@pennyp9497 lol
Much respect to all the transmission designer engineers. They must be a genious to create something like this. And every new model has more devices in a very small piece, I remember the first FWD vehicles from GM in 1982 (Citation, Celebrity) their automatic transmission used to be very large and heavy and now, if you compare those with a 2020 automatic FWD car is less than the half part of those automatic transmissions and besides that the new ones have more speeds than the first ones (6 or 8 speeds versus 3 or four in the 80´2). It is amazing, the engineers are really a God mental health persons.
Agreed! This takes alot of effort to design manufacture and refine.
I have pretty much understood all of this for a few years, but the one thing that had me scratching my head is how in the world the clutch packs physically get pushed together. Finally your video showed the round ring that puts pressure on them so they will engage. Finally!
Despite the faults of humans, it's amazing that these complex mechanical wonders were created thanks to the industrial age of the early 1900's.
+rkgsd Your right, its quite a lot of engineering that goes into this!
Thank you so much for this video, i was waiting from many years but no one make this video like you did, its amazing and informative
+M Ridware I'm glad you appreciate my work. Thanks
My hat off to all the geniuses that built cars and planes and other machineries. Amazing inventions.
Amazing
This is the only explanation that I’ve been able to follow and understand.
Other channels explain it as “fluid comes through here to turn the wheels”.
The torque converter video was also explained very well.
I'm glad you appreciate my videos !!
I never understood automatic transmission before I watched this video...I always wondered how the gears shift according to speed changes..thanks for the detailed video
I'm glad it helped you understand
Spectacular explanation
. 15mins well spent thanks!!!
Glad you learned something
I do admit that automatic trans are complicated but the way you explain it is a perfect style to make the audience dizzy and confused.
I come to the result: my automatic transmission lives. You do not worry about what happens in such a transmission when you start the engine. Very interesting video.
+Robbe902 Yes, it just works.
I just discovered your channel. Love it! I am a mechanical engineer and always took stuff apart to see how it worked when I was a kid. Now I take things apart to (hopefully) fix them for fun. I really like your pace too. Subscribed!
+alexkram Haha I'm a mechanical engineer too and used to do more fixing. Now that I've taken on this project I take things apart but end up breaking it.
Thank you for your existence and for making this video! Super informative and soooo many parts! It must have taken years to learn/remember all of those!
Thanks...yes I was using the factory repair manual
I take off my hat and bow to those engineers that design auto transmission drive. You guys are GREAT!
+Ajayi Kayode it's amazing how complex this is and it's only a 4 speed... What about a modern 10 speed 🤐
Wow!
I cannot imagine being the brilliant person who managed to create such a complex system. That valve body is crazy.
Another superb speedkar99 production! Thank you.
+Wilson Gomez thanks for your comment!
Thank you very much for your videos i m from Morocco 🇲🇦and you help me so much i have a Honda Accord 2009 IVTEC 2,4l With (oil leak )so your job deserve more encouragment keep going 👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻👍🏻
+jad alaoui I'm glad it helped ! Please share to your Moroccan friends.
It's been 2 decades I'm trying to understand this thing. Still can't get much out of this videos.
My head hurts! How anyone could understand all this (let alone invent it) is beyond me. You, sir, are a VERY smart dude!
as a retired engine mechanic, I always wanted to know more about how the transmission worked, other than the basic maintenance knowledge to service them. This video covered that very well. Thank you sir for explaining it to me. I already knew that fluid change @ about 50-70K miles, (viscosity breakdown occurs even in trans oil) filter & pan gasket replacement is essential to keeping the trans running optimally otherwise your engine has to work harder to develop the hydraulic pressure to make those shifts thus costing you more gasoline consumption.
Welcome
mad genius at work 🤓.
your channel is godly. I've been an automotive and motorcycle mechanic for 10years as an extra cash side job and I actually learn conceptual stuff of how things work from your channel. this stuff is wayyyyyyyy better than what was in classrooms. you're a blessing to this world my friend. keep it up .
+Mechanicable thanks. Practical experience cannot be replicated in class. You see things very differently when its in person.
Thank you so much for this video. I’ve always wanted just how an automatic transmission works, and today I decided to see if there were any good explanations. Its really impressive all the engineering that went into designing building automatic transmissions. I have a lot of respect to those who can repair these intricate mechanical puzzles. There’s really so much going on!
You did a great and thorough job explaining everything I had questions about. I now feel like I understand my car a little bit more!
Amazing video, very helpful information. Besides you killed me with the last sentence 😂 keep it up 👍
Thanks for your kind feed back
God bless you , but this is by far the most complex piece of equipment on a car. Just looking at all those parts makes my head spin
i feel the same i wonder how engineers came up with this IDEA
+Jakup Nuhanovic Agreed! Imagine a 10 speed auto transmission!
yes...Congratulations to whoever invented this.
what a complex mechanism engineers have made salute .That takes a lot time to understand.
But it takes alot away from shifing your gears yourself
Thank you for taking us though an anatomy autopsy and explanation of an automatic transmission. Your demonstration of the actual parts fitting together will come in handy the next time I try to understand the exploded schematic of my transmission from the service manual.
Thanks, I'm glad it helped!
wao!!! transmissions are way more complex then they seem to be!!
+viciousocean they sure are!
keep the good work
i like this channel ,
Get your supplies and tools to work on your transmission here:
Transmission Fluid:
amzn.to/3z77Lsp (US)
amzn.to/3lk8KAK (Canada)
Impact gun:
amzn.to/3nGh0O6 (US)
amzn.to/3kaL1Ul (Canada)
what's amazing to me is that something so complex that exists on so many vehicles that are being driven right now isn't fucking up every five minutes and can last hundreds of thousands of miles. Fucking wicked.
Exactly...and it all operates without us thinking about it
Wow! Auto Transmission decrypted! Thanks 😎
+SlinkyRich HD Yep it sure is a long one...
Concise and informative. Subbed.
+theoldcabbie thanks. Check out my other videos for more
Amazing. As much as I dislike auto transmissions over manual transmissions, you can't help but marvel at the complexity of the device. Definitely one of the many things in our automobiles we all take for granted.
+Jeffrey LaPuente exactly! It's so complex yet this is a basic 4 speed auto...imagine modern duel clutch and 10 speed autos!
The best auto mechanic in the world.
I'll stick with my manual transmission, thanks. Great video and very informative.
0:36 That flying guy is he new ??? U didn't introduced him/her .. !! As always awesome awesome video.
+Yathu prem My brother sent him to get his toothbrush back. I ain't scared of bees though.
redd.it/78fv8z the reddit link.
+Yathu prem thanks for posting!
speedkar99 hahaha...
As an Auto Repair Technician (ret.) with 3+ decades of experience. I can honestly say that is the finest Oral-B Power Point presentation I've ever witnessed. Well done my man, and please protect yourself better from the chemicals and fluids and fumes. Trust me when I say your central nervous system heart, lungs ... really everything will thank you. I'm only in my early 50's and the cumulative effects of the dust and chemicals that career choice exposed me to have rendered me certifiably disabled. I won't see my 65th birthday. Just a suggestion.
This is the best video I've ever watched explaining a conventional automatic transmission; much better than those robot-voice videos that always show up first on TH-cam (and 98% of the comment section doesn't understand and has given up), and even better than EricTheCarGuy's video, and I think he used the same transmission. I feel like I finally understand it all!
I saw etgc's video, he did have the same transmission. Glad you understand it now
Wasp was feeling pretty badass until the Toothbrush of Wisdom showed up. Wasp was smart enough to GTFO
That wasp was annoying
Bruhhhhhhh!
I'm high watchin this video trynna get lernt, and here u make dat comment like some kind of "Shakespeare-meets-DiscoveryChannel" type comment!!! Hahahahaha!!!
12:50 I think your explanation of the oil pump is backwards?
The oil flow is created on the "open" side, because that's where there's any room for the oil...
(So if the intake is in the upper part, the gears must move in the opposite direction of what you showed.)
ziiofswe exactly!! Ave explained this once!!
@@sarkisboyadjian8807 But does it chooch?
@@thegoodearth7 Only if it's properly skookum.
What a complex piece of engineering. Looks like alien tech from my point of view.
Yet it has been around for a long time!
This is an awesome dissection video. I imagine while I'm driving all of these tiny parts moving and listening when things shift. Engineering is awesome.
It sure is interesting!!
Hope you remember how to assemble it again :)
If your transmission slips when shifting from 2nd to 3rd..is that the friction clutch for reverse also??
this man explains it better than the animated videos Ive looked at..thankyou
Finally! Someone finally showed a piston assembly that locks the clutch packs. I never could grasp how the piston could push against a clutch pack without getting chewed up.
I'm glad seeing the actual part is better than any representation.
Wow.. just amazing. That is like hydraulic computer shit going on.
The valve body sure is a hydraulic computer
Lol have your brother put it back together
+Mac Wojo haha good one. He will just throw it all away.
lol
speedkar99 Thats what I would do.
Automatic transmissions are so complicated it’s amazing that they don’t fail even more often than they do. Manual transmissions seem so simple in comparison.
I'd love to tear down a manual one day
As soon as i saw the tooth brush, i was like. This guy knows his shit for sure!
The wise teach-brush
Nice video. Am wondering how would you put them back together? :)
I wonder the same thing 😏
Why are you wearing those broken gloves
speedkar99 not sure which ones youre using but try nitrile gloves - not that you asked 😉
You should get nitrile gloves, as they resist oil penetration and will hold up. You are probably wearing latex gloves, which can't resist petroleum. You really should be careful with handling petrolium-based products, as your skin can absorb the metals and chemicals found in such substances. That's no good!
Because he rebuilds automatics outside in the driveway.
The engineers who designed this piece of complex machinery; are the true rulers of modern world.
THANK YOU! I feel like I'm finally starting to wrap my head around automatic transmissions.
i love you
+StrategyJoe I love me too
so now you know if your trans bucks coughs or slips you my friend are doomed.
Yea.,..it's pretty complex to fix.
This is by far the most informative video on auto trannys. Ever
Keep it up
You are welcome!
Maaaan that was a better explanation then in automotive shop. Lol. They barely touch transmission work. Lol. Love it.
+Karrlito Waise thanks, I didn't think many would catch on, since even this simple 4 speed is complicated.
Bro keep what your doing fantastic job. And from the real comments us wrench turners LOVE IT. SALUTE TO SPEEDKAR99
hey you actually use an air ratchet like you're supposed to
+audioh0lic Yes, no way I'm taking off dozens of bolts by hand!
“I’m going to remove the 18 - 10mm bolts” - it’s a Honda. “17 - 12mm bolts” - definitely a Honda. LOL
IF IT WAS Chevy, all 18 bolts would be a different size lol alternating between standard and metric. LOL
This one is a Toyota but I get your point. It's good to have all common metric sockets
And a quarter of them would be screws...
Lol Chevy uses all metric like everyone else 😂
complicated mechanism , amazing gear drive system , only expert and competent person can repair the equipment
True. Most just replace not rebuild
I have massive respect for people who rebuild their transmissions. Watching this lets me know that I'll never do it myself because I'd forgot to put stuff back where it's supposed to go and my car would explode or some shit.
Too complicated!
I'm sticking with manual transmission, and then moving to no-transmission (electric) once it becomes impossible to get manual transmission cars.
Good solution
What's wrong with CVT?
@@Aashishkebab I actually had a CVT car until early this year. The only reason I bought it was for the EyeSight(TM), which was fantastic by the way. But now that I can have manual transmission + adaptive cruise combo, I had no reason to keep it, so I traded it in.
As for CVT, I don't mind CVT from technical perspective, but I can't stand them from implementation perspective. The fake ratios completely ruined that Subaru for me, where it could have been 100% smooth, it chose not to be. And that generation still had mechanical problems to boot (slipping), which Subaru knows about, as they offered free 10 year extended warranty on CVT. I have their letter to prove it.
Also, I'm not sure if it was Subaru CVT specific, but it had some incredibly annoying behavior when I stepped on the accelerator while cruising, say to pass someone. It would rev up the engine, but at the same time, use more power than is provided by the engine to change the gear ratio, so for the next second or so, the car would actually slow down! It was the most annoying thing. I'm so glad I now have an MT car.
Lastly, I imagine I'd have no problem with Toyota's Hybrid CVT (Planetary Gear 2-Motor CVT), but I don't have any real experience driving one, so I'm not sure.
@@catsspat IO have a 2012 Outback where they don't do the stupid simulated shifting. I've never had it slow down while increasing the ratio while trying to accelerate. However the power isn't there until it stops increasing the ratio and here's why:
The transmission is trying to change ratio (go into a "lower gear"), meaning that engine speed must increase. In an automatic or manual this is no issue because you would rev-match before engaging the engine.
With a CVT, since it is always engaged, the engine resists this due to inertia. It's moving at a slow RPM and energy is needed to increase that.
Imagine downshifting without rev matching. You'd get a sudden jolt of negative acceleration until the engine spun up to match the transmission. This is essentially what is happening but smoothly and over a longer time.
It's better than automatics which literally will not do anything while shifting/rev matching.
It's also why when it decreases the ratio ("upshifts"), it gives a boost of acceleration, even if you're not even pressing on the throttle. An extreme example of this in a manual is dumping the clutch. In this case, the clutch is engaged the entire time, but there is no disengagement to wait for the engine speed to settle down.
I know about the warranty, I had mine replaced under that (and they put a bad one in after that, and I tried fixing it myself and ruined it and had to buy another one from a scrapyard).
Maybe you can try a 2010 - 2014 Outback somewhere? It's not programmed perfectly (there are still some quirks that are annoying - for example, it takes into consideration how rapidly you move the pedal), but it acts as a CVT should.
@@Aashishkebab they are shite lol
speedkar99
Teach me!!!
+nik lamas what do you want to learn?
One of the best video's on automatic transmissions. Getting ready to take my ASE 2 test.
Thank you
Goad it helped
Thank god I finally found an answer to the shifting mechanism in an automatic transmission. No other video or diagram out there that I could find even mentioned how the transmission actually shifts
Chris fix 2.0
+PureCaptures really, aren't we different?
+Rainbow Squash thanks, short and to the point is my style
i think chrisfix quit making videos and this guy took up the slack lol
+weasel884 why do you say that?
well i havent seen much of chris but since the time i havent seen muc of him ive seen alot of your videos pop up on suggessted, and youve pounded out alot of good videos in a short amount of time
Welp, now everybody knows why a car costs more than a Snickers bar. Just think of all the factories that make those internal transmission parts alone...
+2605155 agreed! When you take things apart and wonder all the engineering and manufacturing that goes into making a car...it's amazing!
Best video breaking down a Automatic Transmission on TH-cam Hands Down!! Subbed👍🏽
THIS VIDEO IS THE BEST EVER VIDEO THAT I HAVE SEEN ON ANY SUBJECT. ITS ALMOST TOO MUCH INFORMATION . THE EXPERT AND PROFESSIONAL EXPLANATION IS FANTASTIC, THUMBS UP THREE TIMES FOR THE PERSON DOING THIS VIDEO AND THANK YOU VERY MUCH..
+celso archuleta I'm glad you appreciate my work. Thanks
there's a lot happening inside these transmission
There sure is!
Give me a manual any day...
+nuno santiago I'd like to learn that too
He has a video for that
Your videos are so simple and easy to follow. No excess music, vlogger overhype, clickbait. I hope this channel explodes into something huge. Go after some sponsorships my dude, you earned it.
The best video in explaining auto transmissions describing each part and the actuation of gears.... This is what shud be taught in engineering and not just dumb theories... Excellent job mate... Much appreciated
Thanks. Lots of people say I should have been a teacher lol
@@speedkar99 u already are mate.... A TH-cam mentor
Wtf is he saying , godamn this guy can describe making a peanut butter and jelly sandwich and I wouldn't understand a Godamn thing. Sht. I pissed ...
Sorry if u didn't understand
tourettes guy impression?
Now your brother can’t keep his teeth clean anymore
bless your soul! this is the best video explaining automatic transmission in youtube so far. Opening the actual transmission too!
Thanks for the wonderful feedback.
Best video to explain automatic transmission in their entirety.
+My Entropy thanks. Glad you were able to pickup something :)