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How do zebras get their stripes? How do leopards get their spots? And how do giraffes get their giraffe-shaped thingies, whatever they are called? Would you believe the answer is… math? This is the story of a WWII wartime codebreaker and his quest to decode nature’s most beautiful patterns. Alan Turing uncovered a simple code that explains everything from stripes to spots and all the patterns in between… he was just too far ahead of his time. Only recently have biologists found evidence that his pattern-forming system
Alan Turing’s notes used by permission of King’s College, Cambridge (The Turing Papers collection)
Visit Dr. Natasha Ellison’s Turing Pattern Project to learn more: turing-pattern...
Turing pattern simulations created using Jason Webb’s Reaction-Diffusion Playground: jasonwebb.gith...
References: sites.google.c...
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Can you believe nature's most beautiful patterns are made of… math? What's your favorite animal pattern? I know it's hard to pick just one, but leave a comment and let me know…
My favourite animal pattern is the skin of cuttlefish. It is very unique and as it changes colour the pattern also changes colour. This makes it one of the most beautiful and versatile pattern.
Why this video age restricted?
The one on zebra's is my favourite
Honestly, knowing Turing, I'm not even surprised lol
@Not RickRoll 👇.,
That is by far the best damn Rickroll I’ve ever seen. Sneaking a few seconds clip in after 6 entire minutes into the video.
Had me in the first half, not gonna lie. XD
I just love to see Alan Turing getting the respect he deserves.
Is alan turing the one who got hallucinations? I forgot the movie title, but he is mathematician.
The movie about Turing is "The Imitation Game." The movie about Nash (a better movie IMHO) is "A Beautiful Mind."
@@gyozakeynsianism aah, that one with benedict cucumber as gay?
Pretty sure he’s internationally recognized lmao
They named an intelligence test after him?
For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life.
Turing was a great mathematician that was killed by the prejudices of his time. Tragic and heartbreaking.
Yeah, how dare you be a genius but gay at the same time...
@@Metazolid can’t tell if you’re being sarcastic or not
@@reputaytion1467 def sarcastic
makes one wonder which great minds are we currently killing or will be killing with our current prejudices....
Who knows what other geniuses were cut down by intolerant, narrow-minded authorities. Who knows all we've lost.
Alan Turing will always be one of best people I look up to. His mathematical, scientific, and computing contributions to our modern society must be heavily acknowledged (as well as applied) ♡
Same. I'm a CS student and everytime I hear about his contributions to humanity it makes me shivers. I still don't forgive the UK government for what they did to him.
Humans build on previous knowledge
For eg D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson Wrote book On Growth and Form, which led the way for the scientific explanation of morphogenesis, the process by which patterns and body structures are formed in plants and animals.
Which in turn inspired thinkers as diverse as Julian Huxley, C. H. Waddington, Alan Turing, Claude Lévi-Strauss, Eduardo Paolozzi, Le Corbusier, Christopher Alexander and Mies van der Rohe
@@plumeater1 well we shall learn from history maybe
Imagine what he could have done in the next 20 years had he not been effectively murdered by the British government. I am inspired by Turing's genius but I'm disgusted by his end, and the world that led to it.
Plus the bullshit he went through is really important to remember. Even genius' aren't exempt from society.
I have a leopard gecko. When she was younger, she had no spots. Now that she is older, she has many spots. Watching this video and learning how her spots were formed was so interesting, thank you.
The same thing happened to my banana
@@croak8575 god did it
@Boose It's obviously a joke
@@B00s3 ‼️MISINFORMATION‼️
@@proculusjulius7035 God does not exist. It was nature.
RIP Alan Turing... May you never be forgotten.
He deserves to be a household name. Not just for all the incredible things he did, but also that he managed to do it under an oppressive system that despised him for being who he was.
❤️❤️
he will never be forgotten as long people use computer and biologist use his equation..
Turing is now on the face of a £50 note.
Every detail in nature, skins of creatures and patterns on them, camouflage talents, etc. everything else points to the existence of a creator. This creator is Allah Almighty, the Lord of all the Worlds. Beauty in nature can never happen "spontaneously" or "accidentally" as atheists claim. Anyone with a bit of logic and conscience will see that there is obvious art involved. If there is an art, there must be an Artist of that art. This artist is none other than Almighty God. When atheistic scientists see the perfections in the human body and in nature, they accept false gods such as "aliens made us" or "mother nature made us". And they admit that they accept creation. However, they also know very well that the creator is simply Allah Almighty. There is no god and creator except Allah. Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds!
.
"There are several proofs for those who firmly believe in your creation and in the creatures that Allah has spread (on earth)." (Holy Quran, 45/4)
I knew about those patterns years ago when I was in college in a class called "computational biology" (I'm a software engineer by the way). To me, it was hands down the most awesome class of my entire career, until then I realized how brilliant Alang Turing was, and how powerful Mathematical models and computers can describe and solve almost any kind of problem that otherwise would be baffling. That single class made me love my career even more.
Humans build on previous knowledge
For eg D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson Wrote book On Growth and Form, which led the way for the scientific explanation of morphogenesis, the process by which patterns and body structures are formed in plants and animals.
Which in turn inspired thinkers as diverse as Julian Huxley, C. H. Waddington, Alan Turing, Claude Lévi-Strauss, Eduardo Paolozzi, Le Corbusier, Christopher Alexander and Mies van der Rohe
Every detail in nature, skins of creatures and patterns on them, camouflage talents, etc. everything else points to the existence of a creator. This creator is Allah Almighty, the Lord of all the Worlds. Beauty in nature can never happen "spontaneously" or "accidentally" as atheists claim. Anyone with a bit of logic and conscience will see that there is obvious art involved. If there is an art, there must be an Artist of that art. This artist is none other than Almighty God. When atheistic scientists see the perfections in the human body and in nature, they accept false gods such as "aliens made us" or "mother nature made us". And they admit that they accept creation. However, they also know very well that the creator is simply Allah Almighty. There is no god and creator except Allah. Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds!
.
"There are several proofs for those who firmly believe in your creation and in the creatures that Allah has spread (on earth)." (Holy Quran, 45/4)
Look how society treated a genius such as Turing. Absolutely unforgivable.
Look at Tesla.
@@Halcon_Sierreno what's sad is that most people only know about Tesla because of the car company and associating the two. They don't teach you about him in schools or Turing.
Why, he was a sexual deviant.
Every detail in nature, skins of creatures and patterns on them, camouflage talents, etc. everything else points to the existence of a creator. This creator is Allah Almighty, the Lord of all the Worlds. Beauty in nature can never happen "spontaneously" or "accidentally" as atheists claim. Anyone with a bit of logic and conscience will see that there is obvious art involved. If there is an art, there must be an Artist of that art. This artist is none other than Almighty God. When atheistic scientists see the perfections in the human body and in nature, they accept false gods such as "aliens made us" or "mother nature made us". And they admit that they accept creation. However, they also know very well that the creator is simply Allah Almighty. There is no god and creator except Allah. Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds!
.
"There are several proofs for those who firmly believe in your creation and in the creatures that Allah has spread (on earth)." (Holy Quran, 45/4)
It’s so beautiful how mathematical models can describe complex biological phenomena! Especially when there are so many factors at play - like the diffusers and reactors. It is mindblowing that these equations can predict what will happen!
Actually no
Shut up, fear advocating, bomb threat
Mathematics can actually be applied anywhere , mathematics can also become a language or we can literally name every object a number cause we have unlimited numbers if we take it as unlimited objects
@@rj5848 Totally agree. And yet that infinity is as astounding as it is incomprehensible. Even remaining within the realms of mathematics, the fact that fractals like the Mandelbrot set defined by such simple equations can yield infinitely complex results is so difficult to fathom - and yet that's just the way it is!
@@nolashingout4940 um, huh? Who's threatening whom? What bomb threat are you talking about?
Perhaps your native language isn't English. The comment isn't a threat, at all. The term "mind-blowing" is a way to describe how the human mind, or brain, usually had a hard time understanding very complicated things, concepts, or mathematical models. No threat involved.
Another word, mind-boggling, is perhaps a better way to describe mind-blowing. It's actually the word that my dictionary refers to, when I look up mind-blowing. And the definition of mind-boggling is: "mentally or emotionally exciting or overwhelming." Which works perfectly for for word mind-blowing, too - the reason that the dictionary uses mind-boggling for the definition of mind-blowing.
@@nolashingout4940 that came out of nowhere. what your problem?
What happened to Alan Turing was criminal. The guy saved who knows how many lives and they thank him by castrating him. He would've achieved so many great things. RIP.
What add more to the insult, is that the UK government only pardoned him, and not recognized the damaged that was made.
For the common people they get to see his face on British pounds bills. In computer science and math worlds, Turing has his name in many places where he will never be forgotten, at least.
@Ivan Kocher I agree they could do more, but being on money is an incredible honor and completely appropriate for Turing.
Ignorance.. That time people believed that same sex is punishable crime so they punished him for being himself 🥺
@@Realatmx Some people still do.
For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life.
Damn, Turing had a hand in this too? The guy saved so many lives and the things he discovered, the things he invented without it we just wouldn't be here. Yet the way he got treated and never really got the recognition and gratitude he deserved when he was alive, just because he was homosexual... Life just isn't fair.
It's a sin, P E R I OD
this is America 🇺🇸
His name is etched into the hearts of history.
He will never be forgotten now.
His physical time here is over but he will be immortalized by history.
Screw the people that treated him bad in his time. He's now a legend.
Just like Nikola Tesla.
Not to discredit Turing's contribution, but the code breaking algorithms was something that Polish mathematicians pioneered in even before WW2, at a time when Britain was still using linguists to try to decode enigma.
In other words, he didn't start from absolute scratch, the foundations were laid out before him.
Jagdish Chandra Bose had it even worse, he pioneered the use of semiconductors in electronics, made first successful radio transmission. Yet no one knows him.
Watch the imitation game
It's based on Alan Turing
Starring Benedict Cumberbatch and Keira Knightley
Thank you, Alan Turing. The world owes you. RIP
Fun fact! Turing also independently discovered the central limit theorem, a fundamental part of statistics. The man's brilliance was astounding.
Every detail in nature, skins of creatures and patterns on them, camouflage talents, etc. everything else points to the existence of a creator. This creator is Allah Almighty, the Lord of all the Worlds. Beauty in nature can never happen "spontaneously" or "accidentally" as atheists claim. Anyone with a bit of logic and conscience will see that there is obvious art involved. If there is an art, there must be an Artist of that art. This artist is none other than Almighty God. When atheistic scientists see the perfections in the human body and in nature, they accept false gods such as "aliens made us" or "mother nature made us". And they admit that they accept creation. However, they also know very well that the creator is simply Allah Almighty. There is no god and creator except Allah. Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds!
.
"There are several proofs for those who firmly believe in your creation and in the creatures that Allah has spread (on earth)." (Holy Quran, 45/4)
@@motherlandmars5999 How about letting people believe whatever they want to? Why does it hurt you so much?
I can't think of Alan Turing without thinking about how he saved the lives of people who punished him for being who he was, and caused him so much pain, he felt his only way out was to end his own life. It's not only sad that he went through this, but also that the people who did it to him couldn't see this great man who did so much good for the world during WWII and realize that there was no harm in homosexuality.
It deeply upsets me when I think about it.
That's religion for you
I always think about this too and I hate it every time. It's revolting.
all about self righteousness overboard and impose it on others
@@GaryGans I’m sure that Alan Turing would be extremely proud of you. Thank you for what you’re trying to achieve. Best of luck!
Alan Turing is a lesson in the cost of limiting ideology.
Which is a lesson apparently not learned. What a surprise.
@@IHateUniqueUsernames it is much easier to sit idle and fear the unknown than it is to embrace discomfort as one would a friend or lover.
in my country lgbtqhdr+ would be stoned because our religion hate sinner
We lost one of the best human mind ever to bigotry. And countless others to religious zealotry and misogyny. Makes you wonder how much further human endeavor would have come today if every part of society could participate freely in a world without prejudice.
What a loss.
assuming you are sincere in your wishes for a world without prejudice, I suggest you examine your own prejudices closer. I hope next time you can make your points much stronger without the micro aggressions.
@@patrickm7760 Zealotry: "fanatical and uncompromising pursuit of religious, political, or other ideals; fanaticism." I will assume you do not consider a pointing out of misogyny as a microaggression, so I guess you mean this, and I ask how being critical of religious zealotry is a "prejudice".
Ya dude, if women, and other gender people were given a chance in the history. We would be much more developed now as more and more people would have been involved in descoveries.
@Patrick M I get what you're saying but I didn't interpret @MK T 's comment as being by an anti-religious bigot.
When you say every part of society, you mean every individual. We're all individuals stuck in a machine that gives us group labels that diminish us. We need to start seeing individuals for who they are; true today as it was then. We ought to seek the face of individuals and be fellow faces within this faceless millieu is humankind existence.
Yes! I recall a clip of an interview with one of Alan Turing's former co-workers at Bletchley Park code-breaking. I'm butchering the quote, but it's something like: "When you're talking to another very smart person, & s/he comes out with an idea, you might say to yourself, 'Oh- I could have thought of that.' But with Alan, he would come out with an idea, and you would b'e dumbfounded! 'Oh Geez - I NEVER would have thought of that!' He was constantly, amazingly brilliant!
I consider Mr. Turing a role model, and what he did after hours was his business and still his business.
Yeah just like every other lawbreaker. Don't get caught then it doesn't matter. But if you do, you're on your own.
@@fvckyoutubescensorshipandt2718 laws that concern that which is done in private or that which harms no one and nothing aren’t laws, they’re just silly rules, like if there was a law against scratching your arse or something. Stupid moot comment.
@@fvckyoutubescensorshipandt2718 Yeah, that would be like of it were illegal for women to do math and Ada Lovelace was caught. You can TECHNICALLY say, "Well don't break the rules or don't get caught" but I think we all sort of agree rules like that are bullshit.
@@fvckyoutubescensorshipandt2718
What you’re saying makes it seem like you support the draconic laws they used to have in the UK that formerly made homosexuality illegal.
@@fvckyoutubescensorshipandt2718 the only law he broke was a cruel and ignorant law that didn't benefit society in any way.
Thanks for not shying away from his real life, feelings, conviction, and death. I was never taught these things as a child in the 1970s, which would have helped me.
The fact that Alan Turing's thoughts were too too far ahead of his time for him to even communicate his ideas with others is just fascinating.
Its hard to imagine what other things he would've discovered if he could grow older. I mean, in the 41 years he lived he managed to invent the idea behind modern computers as well as to save millions of lives. I wonder what he would've done if he had another 40 years...
I learned about this while trying to understand how “geometric visuals” are produced during altered states of consciousness, it’s a similar idea to the spots on a cheetah, but rather than chemical reactions, it’s the electrical activity of your visual cortex falling into chaos and your brains attempt to correct this which then presents as one of four main types of patterns. Anyways, it’s amazing to see more appreciation for this man, I mean I absolutely love just how far reaching Alan Turing’s work reaches in its applicability to so many different fields, and I love just how well this video shows his absolute genius. I very much wish we could have learned more about how he saw the world and how he thought about everything, he just had such a beautiful brain. He truly was one of the many great minds we lost far too soon and who we all appreciate far less than they deserve.
That is cool. Psilocybin ftw.
Have you read the harvard paper on DMT and it's 6 levels of hyperbolic geometric visuals?
I wonder if that relates to visual snow with autism, perhaps from being more sensitive to sensory stimuli perceiving signal noise?
I get two kinds of visual snow and it’s stronger when I’m tired. There’s a fine noise evenly spread across my vision, and there’s larger blobs which seem to grow and merge and shrink while moving (kinda like a 2D lava lamp), restricted to the centre of my vision. The fine noise is less than a degree of vision per particle but the blobs are 2-5° each, I’d roughly estimate.
It doesn’t interrupt my vision, it’s just slightly darker and overlaid semitransparently, and goes at such a rate that you can see the underlying image of reality through the pattern by its variation, much like film grain in a movie or older TV show. I think it’s always present but I just get worse at filtering it out when I’m tired?
@@kaitlyn__L woah, that lava lamp phenomenon u described is pretty interesting! I’ve never heard of anything like that described as a symptom of autism before.
My kitty has a striped tail like a raccoon, marble swirls on his sides, white long socks on 3 paws with one paw an ankle sock, Nd his nose and underbelly looks like it was dipped in white paint. He has some of the most intricate patterns I've ever seen on a tabby. He's beautiful 🧡
"Here, I practically won the War for us but I'm in love with a man"
"Criminal"
A very Calm video on why Existential Emptiness creates bad parents th-cam.com/video/vdwR6sVRulk/w-d-xo.html
Around a decade ago I heard about the algorithmic nature of these pelt patterns being modeled in a computer (I don't remember the source, but I remember they didn't mention Turing). The article kept a lot of the details out so I simply archived it in my "hmm that's curious if true" cabinet. I'm glad to see that it's explained in here the most clearly I have ever seen it and it's astounding!
Humans build on previous knowledge
For eg D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson Wrote book On Growth and Form, which led the way for the scientific explanation of morphogenesis, the process by which patterns and body structures are formed in plants and animals.
Which in turn inspired thinkers as diverse as Julian Huxley, C. H. Waddington, Alan Turing, Claude Lévi-Strauss, Eduardo Paolozzi, Le Corbusier, Christopher Alexander and Mies van der Rohe
I love to hear about Alan Turing more, he was a wonderful and intensely intelligent man and we have lost so much knowledge with his death. I also can't help but cry when I think about him, as a gay man myself, because of the way he lived his last days. He deserved far better than he got.
So true. It's such a tragedy not only that his life ended as it did but that he will never see anything of the recognition that he earned.
nice pfp
@@RichConnerGMN Thanks :)
Thank you for paying Turing's persecution such great respect. I'm too used to seeing specials gloss over his status as a gay man and the chemical castration so it is great to see a show so prominently address it.
Thank you for not skipping over the truth of what happened to Alan Turing. It’s not easy to talk about the awful things our ancestors did to others, especially on a show like this. Thank you.
A very Calm video on why Existential Emptiness creates bad parents th-cam.com/video/vdwR6sVRulk/w-d-xo.html
At first glance, I see a possible connection to Conway's Game of Life which is discrete in time and space and uses simpler if-else if-else constructs. Turing's reaction diffusion model sounds like the continuous version. Turing's model was both prior to and more advanced using PDEs probably in both time and space. Wow Turing! Just wow! I do wonder if Conway's can be derived from Turing's if you discretize it, but I would have no idea how to begin doing that.
Not too long ago, I attended a PhD defense colloquium where exactly this was the topic: comparing predictions of a time discrete model with those of a continuous model. The time discrete model was a cellular automaton (just like Conway's Game of Life) and the continuous model felt a little bit like a Turing model. I didn't understand it well enough to actually compare them, but it was definitely some kind of reaction diffusion approach.
There is definitely a connection have you looked at Wolfram's physics project? One of the fascinating results at the heart of that project inspired largely by the work of Alan Turing and John Conway is that like Conway's game of life emergent complexity can arise in large systems based on the initial conditions.
One proof that has mind boggling implications is where they show that for a Turing complete algorithm operating on a sufficiently large network the causal interactions between nodes in the network begin to acct spacelike and can be shown to in the limit as the number of nodes goes towards infinity the system converges towards a generalized formulation of the Einstein field equations complete with the Ricci curvature tensor and the analog of the stress energy tensor on the other side. And if you allow all possible updates to be performed in a parallel superposition simultaneously it automatically reproduces the Feynman path integral of quantum field theory which acts in a higher dimensional state space (which they have called Branchial space)which is independent from causal space but equally real operating instead on the wavefunction of the universe and encompassing a speed of entanglement as the analog to the speed of light (It has units of energy so velocity has units of power etc.) In this light looking at the same limits at infinity quantum mechanics effectively becomes a projection of this higher dimensional other kind of space and the probability of outcomes in QM become a direct manifestation of gravity within Branchial space and a measurement becomes a change in reference frame due to acceleration.
@@Dragrath1 Thanks! That's amazing! I had seen a few videos. It feels truly revolutionary and I say feels because I can only grasp tidbits here and there. I am aware it is actively being researched and hope they find more results. Do they think they'll be able to unify QFT and General Relativity? That would be an astounding monumental achievement!
@@lonestarr1490 Very cool!
What a great day both Kurzgesagt and It's Okay To Be Smart uploaded
So true.. ❤️
KURZGESAGT UPLOADED??? Thank you for telling that lmao, I hadn’t recieved a notification
It's incredibly jarring to see how after all these years, the UK haven't learnt or progressed much in terms of oppression and life-threatening discrimination. From deadly homophobia, to deadly transphobia, excusing causing so much pain and suffering for people who deserve to live, experience and contribute to the world just like anyone else.
I know, right? It isn't much better here in the U.S. Most states still have a "gay panic" legal defense which lessens the jail time you get if your killing was motivated by freaking out to find that somebody was gay.
It’s sad that the transphobia in the UK seems even worse today than it did in 2009 :/
1:25 There is one theory saying that stripes help to confuse predators during a chase.
Zebra's predators first choose their target (Usually a small or week zebra) and then procede to chase them. Zebra's try to run away along another zebras and then stripes help to make a deform image of what the predators are hunting at. This could confuse or intimidate some predators.
'...a binary pattern of DIGITS.'
It comes full circle.
Humans build on previous knowledge
For eg D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson Wrote book On Growth and Form, which led the way for the scientific explanation of morphogenesis, the process by which patterns and body structures are formed in plants and animals.
Which in turn inspired thinkers as diverse as Julian Huxley, C. H. Waddington, Alan Turing, Claude Lévi-Strauss, Eduardo Paolozzi, Le Corbusier, Christopher Alexander and Mies van der Rohe
@@VijayThakurMD yes humans build on previous knowledge but also a new knowledge could be born
@@zeff8820 name any ?
@@VijayThakurMD don't you notice that? A new knowledge always born everyday, that's why humanity always progressive
@@zeff8820 no new can be born , with pre existing one
Like cellula e cellula.
Don't forget about his fundamental contribution in mathematical logic / theoretical informatics. They might be harder to explain than the rest of his work but nonetheless hugely important.
I'm feeling sad for Turing. :(
Thanks Joe for showing his work in your video!
I hope Alan Turing and Oscar Wilde are having a drink and a good laugh together somewhere in Heaven.
Queen Elizabeth has no business "pardoning" Alan Turing. He never did anything wrong. They should have apologized and made reparations to countless other families and individuals that have been hurt by institutionalized bigotry.
A very Calm video on why Existential Emptiness creates bad parents th-cam.com/video/vdwR6sVRulk/w-d-xo.html
Alan Turing is like the Van Gogh of science and math, achieved greatness but never got the recognition he deserved while he was alive, a true tragedy.
I truly never could even comprehend what was occurring until you released this video. Sincerely, thank you for this. It's such a fascinating topic. The cheetah firefighting example was amazing at helping me make those connections and understand it.
"Stay in your own damned lane, mathematicians!" -Biologists
I love this stuff. Consider the Mandelbrot set, as well. Its basis is a incredibly simple mathematical equasion (f(z) = z^2 + c), and the intricate and endlessly detailed shapes it produces is mesmerizing.
wow, what an excellent piece, I'm blown away. I had no idea there was so much more to Turing than the computer, what an amazing human being.
Cuttlefish pattern is the best.
Yeah, agreeing with what many others have said, the more I learn about Turing the more my respect for him grows immensely
Wow. TIL. It's not often I learn something new, usually I find most science channel videos as shedding a new perspective to something I already know (at least to some extent). But this was something completely new to me. Newfound respect for Alan Turing yet again!
Fun fact: these algorithms are widely used in Visual Effects and animation to bring beautiful and realistic movie creatures to us =)
Humans build on previous knowledge
For eg D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson Wrote book On Growth and Form, which led the way for the scientific explanation of morphogenesis, the process by which patterns and body structures are formed in plants and animals.
Which in turn inspired thinkers as diverse as Julian Huxley, C. H. Waddington, Alan Turing, Claude Lévi-Strauss, Eduardo Paolozzi, Le Corbusier, Christopher Alexander and Mies van der Rohe
Turing spent his whole life rocking and being unrecognized...
Societies are sh#t. Even the best inventors in the universe who can make stuff that everyone could have benifit for is not certain whether they will be praised at all.
This dude nailing it time and time again. Love this show
I’m really happy you went into the details of his tragic death. It’s unfortunate, of course, but necessary to understanding the full story.
I don’t think “why would a mathematician be interested in biology” is a good question at all. That’s like asking why would a construction worker be interested in the stars. It’s simple bc the mathematician is also a person like you with a personality and a range of interests
Yeah, people are allowed to be interested in more than one thing at a time!
As a Computer science student, Alan Turing is getting more and more impressive everyday
Leonardo, Alan Turing, Oscar Wilde, and so many others throughout history...imagine the works of art, inventions, and literature we could have from these geniuses if they could have just been who they were. So sad.
Imagine what turring would have done if he had the computers we have today.
Also, I forgot to add this- Rest in peace, Alan Turing, a man of pure talent to see things in a way that other people could not see and understand.
The interview was a "What's different in this picture" Puzzle.
This just came up on my suggested videos page. I had no clue these patterns were connected to the genius of Turing. My art and the art of a lot of artist I follow have been painting these patterns for decades. This information is exciting to both the creative side and nerd side of my brain. Thanks for posting this!
I earnestly look forward to every It's Okay To Be Smart video
I know a simple and weird pattern. It just happens to be on the world's most endangered animal, the vaquita (a kind of porpoise that lives in the Gulf of California). It has a black spot covering each eye and a dark covering over its mouth which spreads throughout the back of its body. It's really sad there are only less than 20 left in the wild. And that reminds me to ask you a question which may seem a little big but it'll be a huge help for this small animal. Could you make an episode on the vaquita so we can awareness of it? Plus, it's really cute so you can't exactly say no. Oh wait, you can. That's okay if you say no, but at least mention it. Please?
So what you're saying is that all my PDE's can be represented by the fantastic actions of small woodland animals.
Yes. It's called geometric crittering.
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8:03
Nice nudge to Rosalind Franklin there btw
The most complex things emerge from the simplest functions, see game of life. Mathematics can explain everything in the universe, that is because math is literally the translation of nature’s language.
Math can't explain everything in the universe according with Godel's incompleteness theorem.
@@samueldelacruz2659that's tru
But that's because of our limits too. Maths as we know of is still incomplete.
@@samueldelacruz2659 ”theorem”
@@daphenomenalz4100 no. Look it up. Math is incomplete and will always be.
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Turing = GOAT
Excited for the video-time to dig in! Thanks, guys. 👏
Hi, a fellow evolutionary biologist here. Not only patterns can be described mathematically, also the shape of things like bones, seeshells etc. A great read on this is On growth and form, from mathematician Sir D'arcy Wentworth Thompson. It was published in 1917 and by 1942 standard cannon so for sure Alan Turing must have known of it.
Exactly, not mentioning him while taking about mathematical biology
Yeah science crowd dumb.
Alan Turings's story can taech us many lessons & should never be forgotten. Thank you for a very good video.
I remembered researching this and telling it to my collage friends, they didn't believe me 😅. Oh, how small our world was. It became a slap to reality when I showed them the Turing Effect materials. Btw, I also remembered watching documentary about Alan Turing in high school, and just didn't pick on the connection until I remembered his name... It's just sad...
This was really mindblowing..Edit: Ok, this has blown my mind again, when I saw even our fingers are patterns. I had always wondered how our genes determine our shape and sizes just by creating/inhibiting proteins and stuffs. Although I got the theoretical part, but I could never really grasp the concept until I see this video now.
Humans build on previous knowledge
For eg D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson Wrote book On Growth and Form, which led the way for the scientific explanation of morphogenesis, the process by which patterns and body structures are formed in plants and animals.
Which in turn inspired thinkers as diverse as Julian Huxley, C. H. Waddington, Alan Turing, Claude Lévi-Strauss, Eduardo Paolozzi, Le Corbusier, Christopher Alexander and Mies van der Rohe
Now i think Alan Turing is one of the most influential scientist and he discovered one of the most fundamental research in this universe.
Issac Newton ...universe get it right
I believe that this whole universe is created from simple mathematics.
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Thank you for mentioning some biographical info on Turing. So many brilliant people lost to hang ups pf society.
Well I hope that if those patters are easily expressed in mathematical expressions, then a Blender shader plug-in with those patterns will be available soon xD
my first passion as a child was marine biology, i was fascinated by the coelacanth, although i didnt understand evolution until i was in my late teems. My second passion was game design because i loved playing video games. and my third was web development, i taught myself to code when i was 12 which is apparently not uncommon for the millennial generation. My current passion is in regrowing forests. That is to say i can understand why a mathematician would have varied interests.
Do whatever you love.. Have you tried growing forest yet?
Great video, I’m a Turing fan but did not know about Turing patterns. What would have made this video even better if you were to use this to get people to support LGBTQ organizations like the Trevor Project. Because it’s not just that we lost an Alan Turing 60 years ago, we’re losing people like him every day because of bigotry and prejudice.
The world truly lost a lot when Turing die so young esp after surviving the most horrific war ever and help shorten that war as well.
Selfish and jealous people destroy the greats. Very sad because they could potentially improve our lives.
there is a God
Those equations are even more impressive then I first realized.
I assumed that "Dispersion" would be akin to the Heat or Wave Equations which are both PDEs.
It is entirely possible that I misinterpreted the system of differential equations and accompanying constraints. There was a lot going on. But I say dX/dt and dY/dt. Both derivatives are with respect to the single variable of time.
If all these patterns truly are the result of a system of ODEs that is amazing.
If I didn't look close enough and those equations are PDEs or Dispersion is a seperable PDE and what we say is a version already broken down into ODEs, I would appreciate it if someone could let me know.
8:02 "... like Watson and Crick's 1953 paper..." Yeah, they did publish that. No credit to Franklin. :/
Every time I find out more about Turing my heart breaks a little more. And my fascination at his ideas grows.
“Sometimes it’s the people no one imagines anything of who do the things that no one can imagine.” - Alan Turing
I like how you used the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction to help visualize a reaction diffusion system.
I'm an artist, so math was never my thing in school, but Alan Turing made math interesting and beautiful. I'd like to think that there's a little Turing/math in all my work. I'm grateful for my math teacher that turned me on to Alen Turning. By the way, that year I went from a D to B, thanks to Alan Turing. My art is with paint, Alan's is by/with numbers.
I've always been fascinated by Turing. The mental alacrity to invent the basics of computers almost seems magical. It was a horrible world for him, forced to take mind-altering and bodily-altering chemicals to be allowed to work doing government work which was ultra-secret; (read: his own inventions), but our world would be a completely different place if it hadn't been for him. However, I never knew about his other works. As far as I am concerned he was on the same mental level as Einstein (who got all the credit). DaVinci imagined things that wouldn't be created for hundreds and hundreds of years because the science to make them didn't exists yet. Think flying machines. There have been maybe a dozen people in history who had as much influence even if that influence came about through accident or took hundreds or thousands of years to come to fruition. Turing is my hero though. He suffered so much and yet his mind never stopped questioning why things were the way they are and he did all he could to answer those questions.
Really well done production and content…. Turing was and is a great loss to humanity…so sad that humanity was so unkind to him. RIP Alan.
10:07 I'm from the US but had the privilege of seeing that statue in person. I work in sports graphics and we were offered a chance to see how they operate ones of their facilities in Old Trafford. The hotel we were at was not far from the statue.
alan turing in 20s: probably was inventing some cool ground breaking contribution to community.
me in 20s: lay down and watch funny cat videos on youtube. probably contribute community some likes and comments.
Kind of wild that Turing's equations define how his own brain was created.
I don't have anything against the collaborators in the previous videos, but I prefer this type of video (instead of the podcast-like ones you submitted with your team 🙅🏻♂️) maybe it's just me, but I wanted to mention it. Great video.
This video truly fascinated me because I didn't have any idea about reaction diffusion equations in nature.
Every time hear Turing’s story I get so pissed off. Idiocy truly made us lose a titanic mind.
Just imagine, if Turing was responsible for ending WWII, the very same people responsible for punishing him for his homosexuality may have owed their lifes to him, and the lifes of their family. And they wouldn't have known it.
I clicked this video for fun and now I’m crying. RIP Alan Turing. Man, it really stings.
Had to zoom back a few sec, "did they throw Rosalind Franklin in that picture rq?"
what does alan turing know he just sat in his room all day playing with his computers
- some british homophobes probably
So.. it's not that God sprung for more photoshop brushes then?
Ooooo... That lyin' priest! *shakes a fist *
You made me a Turing fan. And also understand the basic idea of how the natural patterns form. Thanks
Alan Turing is one of my favorite great minds.
Turing should be knighted.
nobody should care about knighthood, but if i would, he should def.
This is big barin stuff told in a way that my 2 brain cells can understand, nice
You know when friends ask what you would do if you have a time machine? I never actually had an answer for that, but now I know I'd go back in time to try to save Alan Turing's live.
Turings mathematics in nature cannot be denied, we sometimes see the absolute proof around us. By simply looking at identical twins.
I'm in coding in college and this blew my mind so hard I yelled "damn!" Over and over... I am speechless and this is why I'll always be curious.
Humans build on previous knowledge
For eg D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson Wrote book On Growth and Form, which led the way for the scientific explanation of morphogenesis, the process by which patterns and body structures are formed in plants and animals.
Which in turn inspired thinkers as diverse as Julian Huxley, C. H. Waddington, Alan Turing, Claude Lévi-Strauss, Eduardo Paolozzi, Le Corbusier, Christopher Alexander and Mies van der Rohe