I recommend you to read Theories of Optical Rotatory Power by Henry Eyring: pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/cr60085a002 My superficial understanding is that a plane-polarized light wave is a superposition of two circularly polarized waves, one clockwise and the other counterclockwise. A chiral molecule interacts with the left or right circularly polarized waves differently and consequently changes the superposition of these two waves. The new superposition is still plane-polarized but with a different angle. PS: a circularly polarized light wave may also be considered a superposition of two plane-polarized light waves.
Could you please explain why chiral compound rotates plane polarized light
I recommend you to read Theories of Optical Rotatory Power by Henry Eyring:
pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/cr60085a002
My superficial understanding is that a plane-polarized light wave is a superposition of two circularly polarized waves, one clockwise and the other counterclockwise. A chiral molecule interacts with the left or right circularly polarized waves differently and consequently changes the superposition of these two waves. The new superposition is still plane-polarized but with a different angle.
PS: a circularly polarized light wave may also be considered a superposition of two plane-polarized light waves.