What ARE atomic orbitals?
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 11 ส.ค. 2023
- What are atomic orbitals in chemistry? How do orbitals work, why do they have weird gaps, and why do textbooks show them as hard shells half the time and fuzzy clouds the rest of the time? And where can we see things like electronic orbitals in the world around us? Watch this video to the chemistry and science of orbitals and energy levels, explained and visualized with 3D animations.
I would especially like to thank the staff of the Fukuoka City Science Museum for their time and generous support.
www.fukuokacity-kagakukan.jp/ (scroll down for English)
Two-dimensional waves:
• Singing plates - Stand...
Bohmian mechanics:
• David Bohm's Pilot Wav...
Understanding electron ‘spin’:
• Electrons DO NOT Spin
How all that leads to the Pauli Exclusion Principle:
• What causes the Pauli ...
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Three Twentysix Project Leader: Dr Andrew Robertson
Assistant Editor: Purple Saptari
3D animations/production assistant: Es Hiranpakorn
Graphic Design: Maria Sucianto
This video was produced at Kyushu University and supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP21K02904. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of Kyushu University, JSPS or MEXT.
A young Walter White teaching chemistry in a prison uniform....
England is a prison
😂
Oh my gosh! The "people in the plazza" model is the best intuitive explanation I've come across for imagning electron orbitals!
I agree. It is so relatable to your average person.
Ikr, this analogy is one of the best I've seen
Where was this in the 70s when I was studying Chemistry?
Every physics/chemistry teacher in the world needs to include this in their lessons. Fantastic explanation.
😢 more and more I come to think that this kind of knowledge just como for those Who search for it
Splendid illustration!. The best explanation I ever heard and saw.
They would rather teach wrong then teach the right way in physics 3
@@ChickenPermissionOG can you elaborate? I did a physics degree at the age of 50 and it all seemed counterintuitive to me so I’m sure it’s all right :) lol
In my experience, this *is* how it is taught - at least, that's how it is taught in the textbooks and lessons at the high school I work at.
Im a major of chemistry - I think about this stuff a lot in my spare time, and this hits the nail on the head. Bravo!
Thank you!
I didn’t major in chemistry, and I also think about this all the time. I’m just a nerd lol. :D
@@ripj5301i like, how they lie about everything, then claim they need more money to develop ways to kill us. That's about all.
But how could you hit the nail on the head if the nail is an electron??
Do you have a quantum hammer?
Well actually he has it wrong. The energy levels are represented by the standing wave frequencies. 1st harmonic is one level, 2nd harmonic the next and so on ...
I watched this video of curiosity and I wasn't disappointed, how could I be disappointed from such a small channel, rather I'm suprised by the quality this video has.
Good job on making this video, it is just like other more famous videos. Keep making videos and cover most interesting topics possible and you will get more attention
Thanks!
As someone who has done quantum mechanics, this is a brilliant explanation
I didn't realize quantum mechanics is a verb, lol
@@benjammin9745 Except he used it as a noun.
@@Prodigious147 The guy never used those words in his post. "who has done quantum mechanics". Quantum mechanics is used as a noun. The verb is 'has done'.
@@Prodigious147 I quoted it so you can't keep playing games. You are just mentally ill.
@@Prodigious147 Ok troll boy. No one cares that you don't know how nouns and verbs work. Gaslighting others is really pathetic.
Oh my, I've just discovered your channel. My bad. I've checked your contents, and I can say, "worth watching, worth subscribing."
I'm high school chemistry teacher, so is helpful a lot considering your explanation on the topic. Moreover, slides preparation videos also work really well as I'm always making presentation in front of the class. I owe you buddy. Keep up the good work, bunch of guys certainly will notice your works.
Love from Indonesia.
Thank you! I'm glad it's helpful.
@@ThreeTwentysix Oh, it is very helpful. I really loved that timelapse with people as a probability density. A good example can explain and make others understand.
But i have one slight doubt... At 5:54 you are showing nodes where there is a lot of styrofoam, and this seems to me wrong. I checked other experiments and for this tube (both ends closed), you get 1st harmonics with nodes at the ends and antinode in the middle - styrofoam is pushed where air is moving with bigger amplitude. The same goes for Ruben's tube. Highest flame is where the biggest pressure is.
Would you be so kind and tell me if i'm incorrect?
Great explanations! Thanks. I did my first degree in the early Seventies when learning resources were scant (and of course the Internet had not been thought of let alone realised). Concepts such as entropy were not explained, rather just stated with an equation and we really understood nothing. We live in a whole new World of learning now and this video is a wonderful example :-)
Thanks!
ARPANET was first used in 1969 which was the beginning of what is now the internet.
As a chemistry enthusiast who has a very hard time visualizing things, this is beyond the word helpful 😊
Dang, where was this guy 60 years ago when I was in school? This made so much sense to me, and I worked the electronics field for 24 years.
And 60 years ago they were still trying to map electron orbitals to validate the theory…
that public place analogy has to be the best scientific analogy I've ever seen
I'm just so impressed a new/small channel has this much quality, just amazing. And the explanations are incredibly intuitive. Thank you so much for your work!!!
I was really surprised too
Please make a video on overlapping of these orbitals ( covalent bonding). By the way love your explanation ❤ great job man
Interestingly, Bohmian mechanics can actually account for quantum phenomena like tunneling, but the theory explodes when complex system arrives
The meta level of this video is impossible to describe accurately without losing information in the description of it.
Bravo!
ELECTRONS ARE THE GLUE !!!
MITOCHONDRIA IS THE POWERHOUSE OF THE CELL
Gluons are the glue!
QUARKS HAS REAL ROOTBEER
Same topic can be explained in different fashions. One of the characteristics of a good teacher is to explain it in a way that's understandable and relatable to majority of the students. This is what I've noticed in this video. The effort in explanation is remarkable.
Thank you!
A longstanding truism being if you can't explain it to a two year old it ain't real to yourself. And you really don't know it as good as you should
This channel is one of the most underrated in chemistry I have found. You, sir, are a phenomenal communicator of science!
I absolutely LOVE your illustration of orbitals by showing superimposed pictures of the plaza. That was a clever and novel approach!
I have been banging my head over textbooks trying to figure out how I can remotely grasp these concepts and I don’t think I could have ever have come up with something like this which actually MAKES SENSE! THANK YOU so so much ❤
This is absolutely brilliant!! This is by far the most intuitive explanation I've heard so far!
I love the flip transition and the calmness and familiarity portayed in your video style
This is an incredible, honest, and intuitive description of the electron. I’m impressed. Subscribed.
10:38 "but it does seem that most physicist are convinced it's incorrect",,, Thank you for not sugar coating it.
Im a retired Chemistry Mathematics teacher and this is the best explanation of orbitals I've seen! I wish this was around when I was teaching. I've subscribed. Keep up the good work, from Brisbane Australia.
I've been trying to learn physics at my own pace with public resources for a few years and man, this video is such a great lesson, one the best I've watched. This was wonderful! Even with an entry-level understanding of these concepts it's such a great reinforcement to have such an intuitive comparison/explanation to be able to remember it better, I really wish I found your channel sooner!
Great job explaining things in a simplified way. You've earned a subscription from this video.
Thanks!
THIS.
Channel is underrated, social media.. do your job for this gem.
I'm not sure how I ended up on this channel, but I'm thrilled that I did! What an amazing teacher! He breaks down complex concepts and explains them so well. Thank you for these videos! Please keep them coming!
Awesome description and analogies. Chemistry and math my 2 favorite subjects. I went to trade school for aviation electronics instead of college. In my spare time i continued studying chemistry back then there was no internet... I used the freenet connected to the local college, it took years for me to understand what you summed up in a few minutes. I had to subscribe. My oldest grandson is going to college via the airforce, I hope he is blessed with an educator of your caliber
Wow, great video! The human walking path analogy really makes me feel like I grasp the concept of orbitals more intuitively. I’ll definitely be checking out the rest of your content!
Do note that electrons generally have a significantly smaller likelihood of taking a detour with their child or their friends to check out a bus :p 3:18
Also, that person with the dog had great intuition in feeling where the lowest likelihood of running into people was. The person and the dog were at an optimal distance to all people that have been there and were there later to minimize interference between the dog and the people, and they weren't even there at the same time. That is impressive intuition. Most of us do that without thinking, but I will never not find it fascinating.
Casual watcher here, never studied chemistry or physics in depth, but the idea of wave polarity and constructive/destructive interference playing a role in atomic and molecular interaction REALLY flipped a switch in my brain. I would love to hear more on that.
Just found your channel from a random algorithm inclusion, but I am so glad I did! I need to check out the rest of your channel for additional physics/chemistry concepts I’ve struggled with over the years, like atomic spin, electron energy levels, and sub-atomic forces. Thank you for sharing your scientific expertise and video production skills with the world!!
Subscribed at just three minutes into this presentation. What a brilliant way of putting across the idea of probability density!
I subscribed 58 seconds in!
If I hadn't already subscribed 58 seconds in, I would have for sure 5m23s in for the sine wave demo!
Yup, me too. Right after the initial orbital analogy.
@@tonypujals heh heh. Unfortunately I'm not the smartest cookie in the jar and it takes me a little longer . . .
@@Amb3rjack Hehe I thought it was the other way around ... I needed less convincing. :D
amazing !!! I am looking forward to seeing the next videos ! please keep going
Thank you! Will do!
This video is perfect. I cannot improve his explanation anymore beyond that. 100/100
How refreshing. If have heard/ seen many dozens of videos/ papers on this subject. The all regurgitate the same “spin” on how they present the data. This was a nice change.
I got so angry with my teacher doing exactly that; I can read a textbook, thank you, now do your job and help me understand the words - I'm asking a human, not a parrot.
(I moved on to a different field after that, so it's all good)
Best with logical definition and explanation ❤❤keep doing...
Thanks! I wil
Your channel is going to blow up man. Good stuff, well produced and a lot of work has gone into it. Your going to be a top scientist channel by the end of the year.
It's been a decade since I last took a chemistry class but it's nice to finally have this further explained to me in a way I can understand. It's been one of those things I've been waiting to understand but forgotten about.
This is seriously one of the best educational channel. You explained a concept better in 20 minutes than an entire semester of high school chemistry.
Amazing video, loved the explanation of the the Japan lab part!
Thanks. They were so helpful.
This guy is staying in the nicest prison I’ve ever seen.
I discovered this channel recently and now I'm going to watch all the videos you uploaded to refresh my knowledge.
The way my mind thinks about it is that, much like the presence of specific frequencies of sound can cause a 2-dimensional standing wave in a 3-dimensional medium, an orbital is the presence of an electron, a particle with a frequency, creating a 3-dimensional standing wave in the 4-dimensional medium of spacetime
Now imagine if I had this video 5 years ago going through organic chem. I wish universities would hire teachers from youtube. Literally the only way of graduating. I didn't even bother going back to class because of how useless the professor was. Thanks for teaching me something I couldn't get for years.
Great explanation, I'll show it to my Adv. Higher class. More detail on molecular orbitals would be very welcome indeed.
I also didn't realise that there was no good explanation for the two electron per orbital limit, I thought it was as a result of solving Schrödinger for the spin quantum number.
Thanks for the feedback. You're correct about about solving the Schrodinger Equation, but that's a quantitative explanation, not a qualitative explanation. In other words, you can't explain it properly without resorting to the maths. I have seen a couple of videos that make as good a job as any of visualising it, but if you're not already up there with QM, they're not much help. If you find a good one, I'll be happy to hear about it.
@@ThreeTwentysixAhh..I see.
I just chicken out and teach quantum numbers from the point of view of being solutions to Schrödinger.
I see your point about a "real world" explanation though.
Thanks for the reply.
This is great! Best explanation I've ever heard - especially the "the more accurate, the less understandable" part.
I just discovered you channel and quickly fell in love with your videos. You really made me want to learn more about chemistry and physics. Thank you very much!
I´ve been watching quantum physics and related videos for 2-3 years now as an absloute amateur but love it.
This is one of the best I´ve seen..
You absolutely GOT THIS! Thank you!
So glad to like this video and subscribe :)
Wow wow wow! I feel so lucky to find this channel in my finall year of highschool, never thought I could understand orbitals this perfectly..Amazing work!!
This is the best explanation of any idea ive ever seen or heard
I really enjoyed this! Happy to have found your channel
This was such a good video. Growing up, understanding orbitals was kinda tough (there were no animations that time as well, just textbook illustrations) but this video helped me so much!
Great video. Watching this was like having a series of epiphanies as I finally 'got' concepts I didn't actually understand in school but just answered the questions using pattern recognition.
How did I just find this channel? Literally most questions I’ve had, you have a video on. Bravo!
thank you for the hard work to make this video possible ...I mean the information here feels like a giant educational leap forward with respect to orbitals
thanks for this subtle and deep illustration for such knotty topic
I'd love to see as much of this content as you're willing to make
Brilliant - thank you - you cleared up ALL the confusions I had from all the other videos I watched. Subbed !!
I came here for my curiosity, and now I am subbing because this was explain so well.
I totally get it now, after the visualization of the standing wave. well done !
Wow! Best explanation I've heard yet. Even I could wrap my brain around this. I liked and subscribed.
Chemistry and Physics will always be beautiful applications for maths. I am now at my early 40s supporting STEM as a Math Blogger, hoping to upload math vlogs in our mother tongue - Bisaya of Cebu, Philippines. Mother tongue instructions make learning personal and sacred.
Excellent explanation! Thank you!!
I watch a lot of physics and chemistry videos. And of the hundreds and hundreds of videos I watched this is the best one. Amazing work, excellent explanation. Bravo 👏🏻
Brilliant. A simple and direct explanation of an extremely complex model.
Using the standing wave experiment was so useful to understand how a continuous domain can have discrete properties. Really smart. Thanks!
Glad it was helpful!
An extraordinarily clear and comprehensible presentation, the analogies of people and beads in the sound tube were *so* apt! They did such a good job of illustrating the connection between individual, random events and a probability function; I feel like I have a much better mental model of orbitals now, thanks!
I really liked this explanation. It was thorough enough to be informative, but still very understandable.
13:35 Just wanna add to this: electrons that are further away from the nucleus are also "held less tightly" by the electromagnetic force and thus make them more likely to be pulled off.
Not sure if that's 100% accurate but I think it's right.
Yes, it's taken that e at infinity is 0 energy and gets more negative "in a hole" just like planets. Stripping them off is getting them to 0 and above, the remaining energy goes into their speed. As the orbits are much higher they're weakly holding on and close to each other in energy. A 2 to 1 transition in hydrogen is about 10.2 eV while an infinity to 2 transition is only 3.4.
Very well done. Good examples and explanations.
I learned of the shapes of probability spaces for electrons in 1969 and the memory of those never left me. I do love this repetition, though as well as your presentation, so I am now a subscriber!
THE BEST and most Marvelous explanation by far...!!!! Salute!
I loved what you said in the extras about the orbital and the electron being two aspects of the same thing... In hindsight it feels even simple (as it is super elegant) but i feel like this is a wonderful explanation of the dual nature of matter, it certainly helped me a lot. Thanks :)
Absolutely noticed this nice to see a great simple explanation
Wow. You're the only person who made me understood this concept. This is brilliant way to explain such a weird topic. it's mind blowing that scientist were able to study things that small and weird.
I'm a major of chemistry(fresher this year)...I had so many questions on this topic.You've been able to clear all those questions.Amazing work!
What an incredibly clever way of explaining orbitals. Well done!
Your channel is one of the best educational channels ive found on youtube in recent times. Another gem im adding to my collection.
Thank you!
@@ThreeTwentysix you're welcome sir, please keep the knowledge flowing.
i got a recommendation of this video as i was searching a good video to explain the concepts given in my textbook, i tried allot but only this one video cleared all my doubts . I really liked the way u explained with the people and beads thing. Thank you for making this wonderful video.
This era of Computer Graphics made me believe that some concepts can't really be explained without the aid of Graphics and Animations, until this man arrived. I have seen many fancy and lenghty explanations on the topic of Orbitals, but this one is simply most satisfying and scientific at same time. No bullshit example, clean language, and full human explaning power demonstration.
WILL RECCOMEND TO ALL MY PEERS for subscribing to you!!!
Love from India 🇮🇳
Really enjoyed it. Thank you very much.
Finally, I understood it ! Thank you 🎉
This video is AWESOME! Thanks!
just started this topic in gen chem today, i'm so glad i came across this video.
The illustrations and explanations are excellent. Subscribing!
Best explanation I've seen yet
This was an amazing way to illustrate probability waves and orbitals. Thank you!
One Dimensions or emergent quatum
just found out about your channel. it's great with just 16k subscribers. you are great at explaining chemistry. i would like to have you as a teacher.
OK, I love this video. The explanation is spot on. I've learned so much
Ive got a knowlegdgegasm from this explanation of orbitals. I feel like i am genius right now. 8 years i have spent trying to understand this.❤
Fab explanation! I loved it.
I liked and subscribed, this is great. Thank you.
I really liked your example in the beginning with the path people take. I'll use the visualization in class. Subscribed.
First video of yours I've seen... I like your style and editing.
What an amazing way you have of explaining this
Brilliant way to show orbitals, thanks!
That analogy with the plaza at 1:57 is brilliant 👍
Many thanks for this video! 😊
Thank you! Chladni plates were a great inspiration for me when I first saw them. The problem, as I mentioned in the video, is that they only show us where the waves _aren't_.
Your walking path analogy was inspired - very nice.