The Hermetic Sufis of Medieval Spain
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 27 พ.ค. 2024
- In this on-location video, we explore the absolutely beautiful Ricote Valley and its history of hermetic mysticism.
Check out my linktree for socials, music & more: linktr.ee/filipholm
Support Let's Talk Religion on Patreon:
/ letstalkreligion
Or through a one-time donation:
www.paypal.com/paypalme/letst...
Also check out the Let's Talk Religion Podcast: open.spotify.com/show/0ih4sqt...
Music by:
Filip Holm
Sources/Recomended Reading:
Alvarez, Lourdes Maria (2009). "Abu-l Hasan al-Shushtari: Songs of Love and Devotion". In the "Classics of Western Spirituality" series. Paulist Press.
Alvarez, Lourdes Maria (2005). "The Mystical Language of Everyday Life": Vernacular Sufi Poetry and the Songs of Abu Al-Hasan Al-Shustari". Exemplaria. 17:1, 1-32, DOI: 10.1179/exm.2005.17.1.1.
Casewit, Yousef (2008). "The Objective of Metaphysics in Ibn Sabʿīn’s
Answers to the Sicilian Questions". Journal of the Iqbal Academy, April 2008, Pakistan.
Casewit, Yousef (2020). "Shushtarī’s Treatise on the Limits of Theology and Sufism: Discursive Knowledge (ʿilm), Direct Recognition (maʿrifa), and Mystical Realization (taḥqīq) in al-Risāla al-Quṣāriyya". Article. Divinity School, The University of Chicago.
Casewit, Yousef (2020). "The Treatise on the Ascension (al-Risāla
al-miʿrājiyya): Cosmology and Time in the Writings of Abū l-Ḥasan al-Shushtarī (d. 668/1269)". In "Light upon Light: Essays in Islamic Thought and History in Honor of Gerhard Bowering". Edited by Jamal J. Elias & Bilal Orfali. Brill.
Ceballos, Carlos Berbil (2015). "Journeying from the Apparent to Absolute Being: Ibn Sab'in and his predecessors". Journal of the Muhyddin Ibn 'Arabi Society Vol. 58.
Cornell, Vincent J. (1997). "The Way of the Axial Intellect: The Islamic Hermeticism of Ibn Sab'in." Journal of the Muhyddin Ibn Arabi Society, Vol. XXII.
Cornell, Vincent J. (2007). "The All-Comprehensive Circle (al-Ihata): Soul, Intellect and the Oneness of Existence in the Doctrine of Ibn Sab'in". In "Sufism and Theology" (ed. Ayman Shihadeh). Edinburgh University Press.
Copenhaver, Brian P. (Translation & Introduction by) (1992). "Hermetica: The Greek Corpus Hermeticum and the Latin Asclepius in a new English Translation with notes and introduction". Cambridge University Press.''
Fowden, Garth (1986). "The Egyptian Hermes: A Historical Approach to the Late Pagan Mind". Princeton University Press.
Johnson. N. Scott (1995). "Ocean and Pearls: Ibn Sab'in, Shustari and the Doctrine of Absolute Unity". In "Sufi: Journal of Sufism" Issue 25.
Van Bladel, Kevin (2009). "The Arabic Hermes: From Pagan Sage to Prophet of Science". Oxford University Press.
Westerveld, Govert (2014). "Ibn Sab'in of the Ricote Valley: the First and Last Islamic Place in Spain".
#sufism #spain #hermeticism
It is great that there are pauses between speeches so that we can digest and reflect on the knowledge you give because we are just bombarded with information non-stop on many other channels. Thank you!
Bombardment - for higher thoughts - is not a considered method of learning.
Fare thee well - on life's journey.
Ah,satisfying message from Y.T...
My comments was removed!
Sanitizing comments speaks volumes of this channel! And your kind...
VIVA CRISTO,REY!
@@pepepepito623 Sorry - that this happens - they have to look after their investment too. As we do - also. Me guide - has given a hint recently - be kind and see the result.
You have already ascribed kind to me - (the same meaning ?)
One has to deal with challenges and just keep - bouncing along. Not so ?
Me other guide - has given - the maxim - lose everything.
Very high spirituality - only for those that get it - though.
Getting nothing - and possessing (Lutho - Zulu - nothing) - has its own worth - hee hee.
Fare thee well - in life's journey.
I fucking hate it
Plus the music is good 👍
How lucky are we to have this knowledge distilled elegantly to us
Distilled water lucky 7 lottery gambling addiction
@@sha9543begone bot. this chat is for humans only
Are we really inside the Matrix?
Very much this.
I first discovered your channel years ago because of my interest in Ibn Arabi, and I’ve been a devoted fan of your work ever since. I want to express my deep admiration and gratitude to you, Philip. You do an incredible job of explaining complex mystical concepts, and your pronunciation of Arabic words is exceptional-better than many native Arabic speakers, which is a testament to your dedication. Additionally, your music beautifully aligns with the subjects you cover. Thank you, Philip, for your remarkable contributions.
Certified classic.
On God fr fr
I was just in Spain and your videos helped give so much context and understanding of what I visited. Many places in Spain don’t provide a lot of added information about sites, etc. and I found your videos on religion in Spain invaluable because I felt like I could better understand everything I was looking at while there. Thank you!
I would love to see a video on The Cloud of Unknowing someday! It's mentioned in your Christian Mysticism video but a deeper dive on the text and the practice and mental movements it prescribes would be very interesting to hear!
I second this. I know Filip's specialty is Sufism, but it would be great if he branched out more often into other esoteric or mystical traditions from a broader tableau of religion.
I love the cinematic nature of this, and the music!
Filip said “Vibes” in such a sophisticated way lol
Hahaha
I laughed out loud but he's not wrong. The hermetica can be nebulous while its influence far-reaching
Filip I love it that you compose your own music to accompany your videos. Incredible to see Hermeticism in the Islamic Context, but I should not be surprised when I think about it
Some people want to burry the knowledge , thank you for unburying it and enlightening us !
Your depth of knowledge and understanding is rare now a days
It’s always been rare
In the second tome of the Quixote, there is a character called exactly "Ricote", in the novel he is a former neighbor of Sancho and is escorting a group of pilgrims from Germany and much more, he was a "morisco" so he is a guy of arabic or moorish descent.
Interesting, thanks
I LOVE seeing my country featured so frequently in your videos! Its an absolute gem to be able to learn about my heritage. Thank you!
Very excellent Filip. You deserve to do more "on location" episodes. I like the way you appreciate the geographical aspect of religious development and history.
I won’t be able to put into words how grateful I am that I stumbled upon this channel
I find the hermetic tendency to sort of embed itself in whatever religion is dominant to be fascinating
Because at a higher spiritual level on every religion you can reach the mysticism, the level where all religions are one, and the same fabric of the universe is Oneness and absolute. That's why Christianity, Islam and Judaism are the same for the mystic adept, just 3 roads to the same place. That's why mystics are always a target for the "conventional" religion.
Yessir. The ancient Kwajagan Sufis said that Sufis and their truths existed long before the Prophet Muhammed, and that they simply clicked with eachother. It is also said that spiritual nutrition must be cooked and served differently for different people of different nutritional needs. Interesting stuff.
"Theologians may quarrel, but the mystics of the world speak the same language." - Meister Eckhart
I love the response to this comment ❤ I wholeheartedly agree. And it makes me hopeful.
Is ibn Ahla of "Lorca" the same as modern Lorcha/L'Orxa - a village about 190Km NE of the Ricote valley? I spend time there occasionally. As a non-dual monist with a background in western esotericism, I find that strangely fascinating. Thank you for more insights into the Sufi traditions
Yep, that's the place!
THINGS ARE ONLY GONE TO THE EYE! THE HEART NEVER FORGETS EVEN THOUGH IT HASNT AN EYE TO SEE, IT STILL HAS A SOUL THAT REMEMBERS , THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR ALL UR WELTH AND KNOWLEDGE IN UR VIDEOS ❤❤❤
I thank you as a muslim to introduce me to such amazing tradition especially ibn arabi .
We cannot exclude that Master, ever.
Fare thee well - in life's journey.
Ibn Arabi is INCREDIBLE
@@AtlantisWisdom
One of the finest thinkers - in the field of a human - trying to be the real lover - of our Beloved.
He remains - a profound inspiration - to all - who seek - mergence with the unknown Real Being.
May we all - have - this highest Moment - fully.
Fare thee well - in life's journey.
Ibn Arabi was a Kafir Jahmi
you'll never know the truth if you don't experience it, the ego is the veil and it must die, it's complicated and most will never experience that
You are like the Beatles with these brilliant videos, the hits just keep coming!
I do feel far to much thought is given to what these men studied to create their schools. It's the shared mystic experience & what is taught within that experience that accounts for similarity in teachings. Their interest in Hermetic & Neo Platonic teachings is because it matches what we learn in the highest level of spiritual experience. And there's no intellect involved, because there's no thought.
Depends what we mean by "Intellect". There isn't ratio-nising in Nous either.
@@lionelchan1601 "Intellect" has one meaning. Use of the brains intelligence. In mysticism it's not used.
@@mattzeigler110 As you will...
@@lionelchan1601😅
Asalamu alaikum wa Rahmatullahi wa barakutu Filip. Great video as always. Only small correction i would make is that the Ricote valley is known notoriously in Murcia for being the place with a heavy "Andalusi" influence with testimony and evidence of Muslims being active there even up to the 17-18th century. They call it el valle morisco even as a nick name today. So there are definitely still traces left, I'd say especially in the speech of the people, certain agriculture techniques, housing structure, gastronomy...
I say this because i am a moroccan living in sevilla, and I've also lived very near the Ricote Valley.
The official document of expulsion by the northern kings after their ethnic and religious cleansing was in 1614, much later after most areas in iberia. Clearly though, many stuck around still as there is even a character called Ricote in don quixote.
Regardless, the video is excellent. I give you a massive applause because you bring light into things people didn't even know had light in them. Bravo
Hello sir, where in morocco are you from exactly
@@mohamedhaidour2820 mohammedia
@@mohamedhaidour2820 ana fedali khoya mohammedia
@@mohamedhaidour2820 mohammedia ana fedali
would you do a video on Rosicrucianism someday?
I second this suggestion
I vote for this too
Yes please!
An amazing channel. Thanks for all you do.
Love your works Filip! (Both research and music!). I just added Ricote valley to my bucket list: Thank you so much!!
this is a good video, loved the narration style and i loved the outdoor views of the valley for immersion while we make mental trips to the valley of the past
Brilliant, thanks so much.
It's fascinating to consider that these expressive spaces and environments act as agents for the thoughts and minds that generate this knowledge.
I absolutely love your channel and all the wisdom you provide. Thank you🙏
Sufism is the heart of Islam, and Hermeticism is the heart of Sufism and so many other esoteric traditions. Hermetic thought adapts to whatever religion, tradition, or time period, always hiding at the core. Make it a series!
This statement is false. Hermeticism and Sufism are not intrinsically related.
No It is not , consider this , Can Islam accept that a creature be unified with God to become one in one essence ( Union Mystica ? As al-Hallaj said " I saw my Lord with the eye of the heart
I asked, 'Who are You?'
He replied, 'You'."
The concept that he is talking about is nothing more than kufr, it has nothing to do with Islam.
Would islam deny that state of unio mystica?@@majidbineshgar7156
Brilliant. The music, the video footage, the research. I've watched you grow, and learnt so much that I've grown along side you. As ever your output is scholarly, and well considered. JZK.
Thank you Philip ☺️
The implied italics when Filip says "vibes"
Another great video!
Look at YOU with the production value!
Amazing video!
Amazing. The Kybalion is sitting on my desk and I believe this is a sign to read it.
Your songs are great!
Love the added music
thank you for sharing
Te quiero mucho, sigue haciendo tus vídeos! :)))
Thanks so much for this marvellous update! My father was from this area, though Unfortunatelly I've never been to that exact valley, and if so I don't remember. I have to make visit for sure. What I can say is that this area was much much much more green in those days than now, though the bare peaks for sure were like that. People had their little gardens.
Love how my comments disappear in this filthy infidel channel!
Alvaro,if your father was from Ricote ,he was a good Cristian, hard-working man .that attended one of those little gardens...
It's funny that the swedish dog that spends a lot of time in Spain can not say"Ricote" but the arabic pronunciation is always praised by the other dogs.
Viva Cristo, Rey!
Fascinating video, greetings from Argentina
your spelling of "ح" in arabic is perfect, most people spell it like "ه"/"h".
Could you possibly list some recordings that inspired you to create the music for this one? I quite like your playing in this and the style. Not the focus of the video I know but just curious if you'd like
Your pronunciation of foreign words in general is very good
Your videos are very inspiring. Islamic world was far ahead in its time when it comes to philosophy, and sciences. I am sadden to see how low both intellectually and morally Muslim world have come now.
Great video on such am obscure but valuable topic. Information about this topic is hard to find. Thank you!
Great job 😍
today is my first day learning about ibn sab'in but he was floating on those quotes
Very, very interesting. Well done 👏👏👏👏👏
Everytime I see a new video from your channel, I am elated! This is quality content and it is much appreciated the amount of effort you put into the research for each video/topic. Your deep understanding of ancient languages such as Arabic and accurate pronunciation is commendable! As a Muslim, I have read this book by "The Three Initiates" called the Kyballion which was a compilation of all the knowledge Hermes Trismegistus had to offer. It's interesting to note that in that book, the author's claimed he was simply a wise man, completely denying he was anything close to a deity/god. I wonder if you would like to perhaps make a video on Hermes's knowledge that was passed down through different students and try to reconcile it all? Anyways, thanks a lot for the content!
This sounds incredibly vedic in its philosophy.
Dont you wonder if they are the same god
God alone
@@MuhammadAbdullah-ep1jw no, I dont. I am more intetested in if we can trace the ideas back through cultural exchange. I know buddhist and Greek-Hellenistic thought combined in the Indo-Greek and Bactrian kingdoms after alexander, and there is a lot of interplay between Zoroastrian and Vedic thought on account of their proximity.
Yes vedic - but Advaita Vedanta in particular. The connection to me is not necessarily historic interconnecting , or overlapping, but rather all mystics ( that is - so to say - genuinely Self- Recognised ' people ' ) all have the same Transcendental Experience. If that was not true then there would be no Absolute Truth .
This Transcendental Experience then flows out into the culture of that time .🙏✝️☸️🕉️☪️
Thank you.
This video is awesome. While not perfect, Govert Westerveld's text is a good introduction.
Beautiful.
Fantastic
Really Amazing, the research is very vast and presentation Superb specially covering the Sabeans my most respectful Salams to Filip God bless you
great stuff as always
Would love to see you do a video about the history and culture of both Islamic Spain, Sultanate Osmania(Ottoman) and the Timurid Dynasty (Mughal)
I love having such solid takes on a faith and wisdom tradition outside the ones I was raised in.
Thanks!
wonderful.
The music the cinematic. look is great
Wonderful.
You could do a video about bhakti yoga, using 'The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna'. I suggest the abridged version. I think it would surprise many people that someone like that lived so recently.
Will you make a video about Ivan Agueli?
This video reminded me of the late Swedish painter Ivan Aguéli/John Gustaf Agelii. I think your audience would enjoy learning about him, his bio, his connection to Sufism, to Sewden and Spain, and Ibn al Arabi. You being Swedish with interest in Sufism are in a unique position to honor this great man with a video about him. His amazingly interesting life was so tragically cut short. Please I kindly ask you to consider honoring the memory of this great man with one of your videos, something you are so good at. Thanks! Your videos are a valuable educational resource and always fun to watch.
You needed a "jilabia" جلابية to go with this scenery and this theme 😊
Some great things to consider here.
🎯🤔..nothing is ever really gone...🔥
The Aramaic word for God is "Alaha". It's the word Isa PBUH used. Sounds familiar?
Written without the confusing vowels it is written A-L-H ܐ ܠܗܐ (alap-lamed-he) as found in Targum or in Tanakh (Daniel, Ezra), Syriac Aramaic (Peshitta), reduced from the Arabic original (of which Aramaic is a dialect continuum as will be explained) it is written in the Arabic script 'A-L-L-H' (Aleph-Lam-Lam-Ha) add an A before the last H for vocalization. .
The word God in another rendition in Hebrew ʾĕlōah is derived from a base ʾilāh, an Arabic word, written without confusing vowel it is A-L-H in the Arabic script, pronounced ilah not eloah. Hebrew dropped the glottal stop and mumbled it, aramic mumbled a little less and it became elaha. Infact both are written written A-L-H in Arabic, it is pronounced i in Arabic and not A because it is an Alef with hamza below (إ أ ) They are two different forms of Alef. And it mean "a god", it is the non definitive form of A-L-L-H, in which the Alef is without a glottal stop/hamza,(ا), but this kind of nuance is lost in the dialect continua.
infact "YHWH" itself is an Arabic word as discussed by Professor. Israel Knohl (Professor of Biblical studies at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem) in the paper" YHWH: The Original Arabic Meaning of the Name."
jesus as his name is often misspelled due to the lack of the ayin sound in Greek, which was rendered to Iesous, coupling the nearest sound to ayin, same letter found in 'Iraq', which sounds entirely different in Arabic form 'Iran' in Arabic, with the -ous Greek suffix that Greeks typically add to their names 'HerodotOS', 'PlotinUS', 'AchelOUS' and later mumbled into a J. The yeshua rendition of Isa (his name in the Qur'an) PBUH which is purported to be the name of Jesus is KNOWN to had been taken from greek. Western Syriac also use "Isho". Western Aramaic (separate from Syriac which is a dialect of Eastern Aramaic) use "Yeshu". Western Syriac has been separate from Western Aramaic for about 1000 years. And sounds don't even match up. Syriac is a Christian liturgical language yet the four letters of the name of Jesus «ܝܫܘܥ» [ = Judeo-Babylonian Aramaic: «ישוע» ] sounds totally different in West vs East Syriac, viz. vocalized akin to Christian Arabic, Hebrew, Aramaic «ܝܶܫܽܘܥ» (Yēšūʿ) in West Syriac, but pronounced more akin to Muslim Arabic Quran character name Isa in East Syriac «ܝܑܼܫܘܿܥ» (ʾĪšōʿ). The reason for this confusion is their dropping of phonemes. Only someone that has no idea what the letters are or how they sound would have a name ending in a pharyngeal fricative like the ayin, if it were to be used in a name it would have had to be in the beginning, thus the Arabic rendition is the correct one. An example in English is how the appended -d is a common error amongst the English pronouncing Gaelic names. The name Donald arose from a common English mispronunciation of the Gaelic name Donal. Just how it is with donal becoming donald and the two becoming distinct and the original being regarded as something seperate so too did Isa PBUH turn to Iesous turn to jesus and when they tried going back to the original they confused it for yeshua ( ysu is how it is actually written) for Isa PBUH ( 3'eysah )
"protosemetic" Alphabet (28), Arabic Alphabet (28), Latin transliteration, hebrew (22)
𐩠 𐩡 𐩢 𐩣 𐩤 𐩥 𐩦 𐩧 𐩨 𐩩 𐩪 𐩫 𐩬 𐩭 𐩮 𐩰 𐩱 𐩲 𐩳 𐩴 𐩵 𐩶 𐩷 𐩸 𐩹 𐩺 𐩻 𐩼
ا ب ت ث ج ح خ د ذ ر ز س ش ص ض ط ظ ع غ ف ق ك ل م ن ه و ي
A b t ṯ j h kh d ḏ r z s sh ṣ ḍ ṭ ẓ ʿ ġ f q k l m n h w y
א ב ג ד ה ו ז ח ט י כ ל מ נ ס ע פ צ ק ר ש ת
Merged phonemes in hebrew and aramaic:
ح, خ (h, kh) merged into only kh consonant remain
س, ش (s, sh) merged into only Shin consonant remaining
ط, ظ (ṭ/teth, ẓ) merged into only ṭ/teth consonant remaining
ص, ض (ṣ, ḍ/Tsad ) merged into only ḍ/Tsad consonant remaining
ع, غ (3'ayn, Ghayn) merged into a reducted ayin consonant remaining
ت, ث (t/taw, th) merged into only t/taw consonant remaining
The reason why the protoS alphabet here is 28 and not 29, is because the supposed extra letter is simply a س written in a different position, but it was shoehorned to obfuscated
Language; When one looks at the actual linguistics, one will find that many were puzzled by the opposite, that is, how the other "semetic" languages were more "evolved" than Arabic, while Arabic had archaic features, not only archaic compared to bibilical Hebrew, Ethiopic, "Aramaic" contemporary "semetic" languages, but even archaic compared to languages from ancient antiquity; Ugaritic, Akkadain. What is meant here by Archaic is not what most readers think, it is Archaic not in the sense that it is simple, but rather that it is complex (think Latin to pig Latin or Italian or Old English, which had genders and case endings to modern English), not only grammatically, but also phonetically; All the so called semitic languages are supposed to have evolved from protosemetic, the Alphabet for protosemitic is that of the so called Ancient South Arabian (which interestingly corresponds with the traditional Arabic origins account) and has 28 Phonemes. Arabic has 28 phonemes. Hebrew has 22, same as Aramaic, and other "semitic" languages. Now pause for a second and think about it, how come Arabic, a language that is supposed to have come so late has the same number of letters as a language that supposedly predates it by over a millennium (Musnad script ~1300 BCE). Not only is the glossary of phonemes more diverse than any other semitic language, but the grammar is more complex, containing more cases and retains what's linguists noted for its antiquity, broken plurals. Indeed, a linguist has once noted that if one were to take everything we know about languages and how they develop, Arabic is older than Akkadian (~2500 BCE).
"Semitic" is just mumbled Arabic, really. Imagine English with a third of its letters removed and simplified grammar. That's Aramaic, Hebrew, etc. For example, combine T and D into just T; there's no need to have 2 letters. The same goes for i, e, y - they should all be just y from now on, etc., etc. Arabic is the only corollary to proto-Semitic. In fact, the whole classification of Semitic languages is nonsensical for anyone with a somewhat functioning brain. Hebrew, Aramaic, and the rest of these made-up dialect continua only have 22 letters out of the 29 proto-Semitic letters. Arabic has all 29. The difference between Arabic and the other creoles and Pidgin is the same as the difference between Latin and pig Latin or Italian. "Phoenician" is an Arabic dialect continuum, and not only that, it is pidgin. It is simplified to the point of stupidity. Anyone with a basic knowledge of Arabic would see this clearly. What happened was that Arabic handicapped "scholars" saw the equivalent of Scottish Twitter spelling, with added mumbling due to phonemic mergers (22 letters, not 29), and mistakenly thought they were seeing a different language."
Arabic three cases for nouns (nominative, accusative, and genitive), Akkadian has only two cases (nominative, genitive-accusative) and Hebrew, Aramaic have no case endings at all.
As a matter of fact, all of the knowledge needed for deciphering ancient texts and their complexity was derived from the Qur'an. It was by analyzing the syntactic structure of the Qur'an that the Arabic root system was developed. This system was first attested to in Kitab Al-Ayin, the first intralanguage dictionary of its kind, which preceded the Oxford English dictionary by 800 years. It was through this development that the concept of Arabic roots was established and later co-opted into the term 'semitic root,' allowing the decipherment of ancient scripts. In essence, they quite literally copied and pasted the entirety of the Arabic root. Hebrew had been dead, as well as all the other dialects of Arabic, until being 'revived' in a Frankensteinian fashion in the 18th and 19th centuries.
And then the Qur'an appeared with the oldest possible form of the language thousands of years later. This is why the Arabs of that time were challenged to produce 10 similar verses, and they couldn't. People think it's a miracle because they couldn't do it, but I think the miracle is the language itself. They had never spoken Arabic, nor has any other language before or since had this mathematical precision. And when I say mathematical, I quite literally mean mathematical.
Now how is it that the Qur'an came thousands of years later in an alphabet that had never been recorded before, and in the highest form the language had ever taken?
The creator is neither bound by time nor space, therefore the names are uttered as they truly were, in a language that is lexically, syntactically, phonemically, and semantically older than the oldest recorded writing. In fact, that writing appears to have been a simplified version of it. Not only that, but it would be the equivalent of the greatest works of any particular language all appearing in one book, in a perfect script and in the highest form the language could ever take. It is so high in fact, that it had yet to be surpassed despite the fact that over the last millennium the collection of Arabic manuscripts when compared on word-per-word basis in Western Museums alone, when they are compared with the collected Greek and Latin manuscripts combined, the latter does not constitute 1 percent of the former as per German professor Frank Griffel, in addition all in a script that had never been recorded before. Thus, the enlightenment of mankind from barbarism and savagery began, and the age of reason and rationality was born from its study.
God did bring down the Qur’an, Mohamed is his Messenger.
Fascinating!
Languages degrade, they do not "evolve", they're a tool for thinking, not communication. The reaosn why translation is even possible in the first place is because they all stem from a single language. Orcas for example cannot vocalise to other orcas from other pods, even if they are adopted young, they can only track the new host pod visually.
|Classical Arabic | 28 consonants, 29 with Hamza and 6 vowels; some consonants are emphatic or pharyngealized; some vowels are marked with diacritics | Complex system of word formation based on roots and patterns; roots are sequences of consonants that carry the basic meaning of a word; patterns are sequences of vowels and affixes that modify the meaning and function of a word | Flexible word order, but VSO is most common; SVO is also possible; subject and object are marked by case endings (-u for nominative, -a for accusative, -i for genitive); verb agrees with subject in person, number, and gender; verb has different forms for different moods and aspects |
| Akkadian | 22 consonants and 3 vowels; some consonants are glottalized or palatalized; vowels are not marked | Similar system, but with different roots and patterns; some roots have more than three consonants; some patterns have infixes or reduplication | Fixed word order of SVO; subject and object are not marked by case endings, but by prepositions or word order; verb agrees with subject in person, number, and gender; verb has different forms for different tenses and aspects |
| Aramaic | 22 consonants and 3 vowels (later variants have more); no emphatic or pharyngealized consonants (except in some dialects); vowels are not marked (except in later variants such as Syriac) | Simple system of word formation based on prefixes and suffixes; some roots or patterns exist, but are less productive than in Arabic or Akkadian |
Arabic is the only corollary to proto-semitic, infact the whole semitic classification is nonsensical for anyone with a somewhat functioning mass between their ears. hebrew, aramaic, rest of madeup dialect continua only have 22 letters of the 29 protosemitic letters Arabic has all 29. The difference betweeen Arabic and the other creoles and Pidgin is the same as that between Latin and pig latin or italian.
Arabic is written in an alphabetic script that consists of 28 consonants and three long vowels. For example:
قرأ زيد كتابا
qaraʾa zayd-un kitāb-an
Zayd read a book
This sentence is composed of three words: qaraʾa (he read), zayd-un (Zayd), and kitāb-an (a book). The word order is verb-subject-object, which is different from English but similar to Proto-Semitic and Akkadian. The word zayd-un has a suffix -un that indicates the nominative case, which is equivalent to "the" in English or "-u" in Akkadian. The word kitāb-an has a suffix -an that indicates the accusative case, which is equivalent to "a" in English or "-a" in Akkadian.
Proto-Semitic is the reconstructed ancestor of all Semitic languages. It is not written in any script, but linguists use a system of symbols to represent its sounds. For example:
ʔanāku bēlīya ʔašū
I am his lord
This sentence is composed of three words: ʔanāku (I), bēlīya (my lord), and ʔašū (he). The word order is subject-object-verb, which is different from English but similar to Arabic and Akkadian. The word bēlīya has a suffix 'ya' that indicates possession, which is equivalent to "my" in English or "-ī" in Arabic. The word ʔašū has a prefix ʔa- that indicates the third person singular masculine pronoun, which is equivalent to "he" in English or "huwa" in Arabic.
I'll compare Arabic with Proto-Semitic and show how Arabic preserves features that are lost or changed in other Semitic languages.
Let's start with a simple sentence:
## The house is big
Arabic:
البيتُ كبيرٌ
al-bayt-u kabīr-un
Proto-Semitic:
*ʔal-bayt-u kabīr-u
Hebrew:
הבית גדול
ha-bayit gadol
Akkadian:
bītum rabûm
Amharic:
ቤቱ ገደሉ
betu gedelu
As can be seen, Arabic and Proto-Semitic have the same word order (noun-adjective), the same definite article (al-), and the same case endings (-u for nominative). Hebrew and Akkadian have lost the case endings and changed the definite article (ha- and -um respectively). Amharic has changed the word order (adjective-noun) and the definite article (u-).
But Arabic is not only similar to Proto-Semitic, it is also pre-Semitic, meaning that it is the original form of Semitic before it split into different branches. This is because Arabic preserves many features that are not found in any other Semitic language, but are found in other Afro-Asiatic languages, such as Egyptian and Berber. These features include:
- The definite article al-, which is derived from the demonstrative pronoun *ʔal- 'that'. This article is unique to Arabic among Semitic languages, but it is similar to the article n- in Berber and the article p-, t-, n- in Egyptian.
- The dual number for nouns and verbs, which is marked by the suffix -ān or -ayn. This number is rare in other Semitic languages, but it is common in other Afro-Asiatic languages, such as Egyptian and Berber.
- The imperfective prefix t- for verbs, which indicates the second person singular feminine or third person plural feminine. This prefix is unique to Arabic among Semitic languages, but it is similar to the prefix t- in Berber and Egyptian.
- The passive voice for verbs, which is marked by the infix t between the first and second root consonants. This voice is unique to Arabic among Semitic languages, but it is similar to the passive voice in Egyptian and Berber.
Finally, a more complex sentence: The letter was written with a pen.
Arabic:
كُتِبَتِ الرِّسَالَةُ بِالقَلَمِ
kutiba-t al-risāla-t-u bi-l-qalam-i
Proto-Semitic:
*kutiba-t ʔal-risāla-t-u bi-l-qalam-i
Hebrew:
המכתב נכתב בעט
ha-michtav niktav ba-et
Akkadian:
šipram šapāru bēlum
Egyptian:
sḏm.n.f p-ẖry m rnp.t
Berber:
tturra-t tibratin s uccen
Here, Arabic and Proto-Semitic have the same word order (verb-subject-object), the same passive voice marker (-t-), the same definite article (al-), and the same preposition (bi-). Hebrew has changed the word order (subject-verb-object), lost the passive voice marker, changed the definite article (ha-) and the preposition (ba-). Akkadian has changed the word order (object-subject-verb), lost the passive voice marker, changed the definite article (-um) and the preposition (bēlum).
Now how is it that the Qur'an came thousands of years in a language that is lexically, syntactically, phonemically, and semantically older than the oldest recorded writing.
God did bring down the Qur’an, Mohamed is his Messenger.
@@mznxbcv12345 Jazakallahu Khairan!
Sorry to burst your bubble, but surah 74:1-30 was with high probability copied from a syriac christian hymn. Read Lüling: "A Challenge to Islam for Reformation". And please leave the analysis of arabic to the linguists.
Copied? Let's see; The word עוֹלֵל, ʿôlēl which means 'Babe, infant, little one, a suckling' occurs 21 King James Bible Verses Of these verses:
“Happy shall he be, that taketh and dasheth thy little ones against the stones.”
-Psalm 137:9
“Now go and smite Amalek, and utterly destroy all that they have, and spare them not; but slay both man and woman, infant and suckling, ox and sheep, camel and ass.”
-1 Samuel 15:3
“Therefore I am full of the fury of the LORD; I am weary with holding in: I will pour it out upon the children abroad, and upon the assembly of young men together: for even the husband with the wife shall be taken, the aged with him that is full of days.”
-Jeremiah 6:11
“Samaria shall become desolate; for she hath rebelled against her God: they shall fall by the sword: their infants shall be dashed in pieces, and their women with child shall be ripped up.”
-Hosea 13:16
The other verses are not much different. Infact it is always in association with violence. Indeed these verses are the reason why in the Crusades the sense of pious rejoicing at massacre does not appear to be the product of later theologizing; it is also found, in the account of the eye-witness Raymond of Aguilers:
“in the Temple and porch of Solomon, men rode in blood up to their knees and bridle reins. Indeed, it was a just and splendid judgment of God that this place should be filled with the blood of the unbelievers, since it had suffered so long from their blasphemies.” In fact, Raymond continues, “This day, I say, will be famous in all future ages, for it turned our labours and sorrows into joy and exultation; this day, I say, marks the justification of all Christianity, the humiliation of paganism, and the renewal of our faith.”
Another account by a chronicler and eyewitness-priest, Albert of Aachen, describes the killing of fleeing women, and depicts crusaders as:: “seizing [infants who were still suckling] by the soles of their feet from their mothers’ laps or their cradles…and dashing them against the walls or lintels of the doors and breaking their necks […] they were sparing absolutely no gentile of any age or kind.”The incoherence inherent in a stranger to Abraham calling the children of Abraham gentiles notwithstanding, this account evokes the very same Psalm 137:9 imprecation against Babylon, in Latin, “beatus qui tenebit et adlidet parvulos tuos ad petram.”
Albert describes a massacre occurring, in cold blood, on the second day following the conquest, painting a scene that is as horrific as it is realistic and detailed: "Girls, women, matrons, tormented by fear of imminent death and horror-struck by the violent murder wrapped themselves around the Christians’ bodies in the hope to save their lives, even as the Christians were raving and venting their rage in murder of both sexes. Some threw themselves at their feet, begging them with pitiable weeping and wailing for their lives and safety. When children five or three years old saw the cruel fate of their mothers and fathers, of one accord they stepped up the weeping and pitiable clamour. But they were making these signals for pity and mercy in vain. For the Christians gave over their whole hearts to murder, so that not a suckling little male-child or female, not even an infant of one year would escape the hand of the murderer".
Evoking several of these verses in practice:
- (Num 31:17-18) Now therefore kill every male among the little ones, and kill every woman that hath known man by lying with him. But all the women children, that have not known a man by lying with him, keep alive for yourselves.
- (Deut 7:2, 9:3, Num 21) thou shalt smite them, and utterly destroy them; thou shalt make no covenant with them, nor shew mercy unto them...
- (Deut 20:16-17) thou shalt save alive nothing that breatheth
- (Josh 6:21, 8:24-27, 10:, 11:11-14,21-22) And they utterly destroyed all that was in the city, both man and woman, young and old, and ox, and sheep, and ass, with the edge of the sword... And cut off their thumbs and their great toes... He left none remaining:
- (Judg 18:27) And they took [the things] which Micah had made ...and came unto Laish ...and smote them with the edge of sword burnt city fire.
- (1 Sam 15:1-9) Now go and smite Amalek and utterly destroy all that they have and spare them not but slay both man and woman infant and suckling ox and sheep camel and ass.
- (1 Sam 27:9,11) And David smote the land and left neither man nor woman alive ...
- (Ezek 9:6) Slay utterly old [and] young both maids and little children and women: but come not near any man upon whom [is] mark begin at my sanctuary.
This is the polar opposite of how the crusaders were treated in return; Eyewitness-chronicler of the fifth crusade, Oliver of Paderborn writes on how the starving defeated crusaders were treated after their defeat:
"Who could doubt that such goodness, friendship and charity come from God? Men whose parents, sons and daughters, brothers and sisters, had died in agony at our hands, whose lands we took, whom we drove naked from their homes, revived us with their own food when we were dying of hunger and showered us with kindness even when we were in their power."
This is the polar opposite in the Quran in Surah Al-Tanwir, literally "The Englightenining" Surah, Aya 8-9, we have the death of a newborn is mentioned amongst the penultimate signs of the end of times, emphasizing the gravity of such an action. That child, now resurrected, is asked for what wrong doing was she murdered. This is to emphasize that she had done nothing wrong, for she had done nothing wrong and this is the day of retribution where those who omitted the evil are to be punished.
This is the polar opposite in the Qur'an, Surah Al-Baqara Aya 190, which exhorts to fight unbelievers and not be "Aggressors", in the commentary of what it means to be aggressors, this was stated Al-Hasan Al-Basri stated that transgression (indicated by the Ayah):
"includes mutilating the dead, theft (from the captured goods), killing women, children and old people who do not participate in warfare, killing priests and residents of houses of worship, burning down trees and killing animals without real benefit."
This is also the opinion of Ibn `Abbas, `Umar bin `Abdul-`Aziz, Muqatil bin Hayyan and others. Muslim recorded in his Sahih that Buraydah narrated that Allah's Messenger said: "Fight for the sake of Allah and fight those who disbelieve in Allah. Fight, but do not steal, commit treachery, mutilate, or kill a child, or those who reside in houses of worship."
It is reported in the Two Sahihs that Ibn `Umar said, "The Prophet forbade killing women and children."
بابتداء القتال أو بقتال من نهيتم عن قتاله من النساء والشيوخ والصبيان والذين بينكم وبينهم عهد أو بالمثلة أو بالمفاجأة من غير دعوة
"To kill those whom you were forbidden to from women, elderly, children and those whom betwixt you is a treaty or custom or by surprise or without cause"
-Tafsir Al-Zamakshari of the meaning of Aggressors in the Aya
More hadith from Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah:
حَدَّثَنَا حُمَيْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ شَيْخٍ، مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ مَوْلَى لِبَنِي عَبْدِ الْأَشْهَلِ، عَنْ دَاوُدَ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ إِذَا بَعَثَ جُيُوشَهُ قَالَ: «§لَا تَقْتُلُوا أَصْحَابَ الصَّوَامِعِ»
"Do not kill the dwellers of monasteries"
حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ فُضَيْلٍ، عَنْ جُوَيْبِرٍ، عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ قَالَ: كَانَ «§يُنْهَى عَنْ قَتْلِ الْمَرْأَةِ، وَالشَّيْخِ الْكَبِيرِ»
سَعْدٍ قَالَ: «§نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ قَتْلِ النِّسَاءِ وَالذُّرِّيَّةِ، وَالشَّيْخِ الْكَبِيرِ الَّذِي لَا حَرَاكَ بِهِ»
"The prophet forbids the killing of women, children, and the elderly"
This is the polar opposite in the Qur'an, Surah Al-Anfal Ayah 61 in which even oath breaking deniers/unbelievers are allowed to sue for peace states if the unbelievers they ask for peace, give it to them.
The modifiable testament testament commands indiscriminate killing, genocide, plunder, mutilation, enslavement, or torture of enemies, including women, on the other hand.Surah Al-Baqara Aya 190 limits war to those who fight against Muslims, prohibits transgression, and implies respect for human dignity and life Indeed it is what precedes the famous "sword verse", always cited out of context.
Surah Al-Nisaa Aya 46 - Addresses people who take Ayat from the Quran out of their context
God did bring down the Qur’an, Mohamed is his Messenger.
Brilliant
Should be fascinating
Can you do a video on Al ma aari??..very very intresting person
Are you going to go on Cosmic Sceptic show? You definitely should Filip
Many thanks, once again.
Speaking of traces, and following threads, they may lead via Andalusia to Konya - as you know- and via that flourishing community through Somunju Baba, Haji Bayram, Khizir Dede, Hazreti Uftadi, Aziz Mahmud Hudayi Effendi, Ismail Hakki Bursevi, safekeeping via Ottoman hands arriving in the latter part of the 20th century into Europe and the UK via Bulent Rauf Bey. Some interesting information to be found amongst these mentioned. [many apologies for the spelling].
Pablo Beneito still works in Murcia [afaik] and is an invaluable resource for information.
Lorca [again if I am not mistaken] is mentioned in Austin's translation of parts of Ruh al Quds by Muhyiddin ibn Arabi.
Let's gooo
Te envío mis saludos y felicitaciones. HE SEGUIDO TUS ESPLICACIONES MUY HONESTAS.DE UN MIZRAHI
How amazing beautiful ❤❤❤
I am absolutely blasted away by your perfect Arabic pronunciation of Wahdat ul-Mutlaqa... 😵❤️
How??? Please explain!
I'm not really familiar with your videos yet so I don't know anything of your personal and scholary background. But I'm really curious now how you're able to pronounce Arabic so flawlessly!
As above, so below!
Will you talk about catholicism and or Marian Apparitions ?
The Mariavites!
Thank you so much as a westerner who grew up in post 9/11 America your videos have been an invaluable source humanizing Muslims and Islam after 20 years of nonstop propaganda
Please try to hit up Michael from Third Eye Drops and see if you can get on an episode! I would love the conversation between a scholarly take on hermeticism, platonism, and gnosticism & a more esoteric take on them
really intrigued about this moment in our story, being a cypriot whos family roots from Algeria I question the link to early Christianity and where the muslim ideology is set, especially also speaking of Hermes
Has anyone read a bit of the hermetic corpus? Its so maddeningly incomprehensible. The secrets of immortality or whatever is in these words. A dummie like, i cant even decipher 1 bit of esoteric wisdom in it😩
Keep revisiting the writing along with your studies. Over time it begins to open like a bloom. ❤
@14:40 , did Ibn Sab'in use the masculine gendered 3rd person pronoun in the original (Arabic)? Or is that dualistic pronoun introduced in the translation, rather than the original? 🙏
Do you believe in any particular religion and which religion?
Please answer@let's talk religion
What is the music?
Much appreciation for your eloquent narrative. There is indeed ‘only God’.
Beutifull place and interactions between religions and regions much further afield than it initially feels,where people were free to explore science ,long before Galileo, and long after the Greek philosopher who was killed because he would say publicly the moon was not a god but a stone
Next ep. Climbing mount Araat
Poetry flourishes amongst these groups. Yunus Emre expressed wahdat al wujud as "I wrapped myself in flesh and bones and appeared as Yunus".
Another expressed it in even more simple terms: "One Being, Many Forms, End Of". Very post-modern. 😀
you can never escape duality.
Which found it heretical, Khatib or Khaldun? (@02:07)?
Have anyone know a book about this topic?
❤
Where is Filip from?
How did Sufis get money to live ?
Check George gurdjieff and the fourthway to get some clues.
There is some Sufi available for a talk with me?
Nope,busy killing each other and making videos in tiktok...