GERMAN & YIDDISH
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 21 ส.ค. 2022
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German is a West Germanic language of the Indo-European language family, mainly spoken in Central Europe. It is the most widely spoken and official or co-official language in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, and the Italian province of South Tyrol. It is also a co-official language of Luxembourg and Belgium, as well as a national language in Namibia. German is most similar to other languages within the West Germanic language branch, including Afrikaans, Dutch, English, the Frisian languages, Low German, Luxembourgish, Scots, and Yiddish. It also contains close similarities in vocabulary to some languages in the North Germanic group, such as Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish. German is the second most widely spoken Germanic language after English which is also a West Germanic language.
Yiddish is a West Germanic language historically spoken by Ashkenazi Jews. It originated during the 9th century in Central Europe, providing the nascent Ashkenazi community with a High German-based vernacular fused with many elements taken from Hebrew (notably Mishnaic) and to some extent Aramaic. Most varieties of Yiddish include elements of Slavic languages and the vocabulary contains traces of Romance languages. Yiddish is primarily written in the Hebrew alphabet.
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I speak Yiddish and if you consciously avoid Hebrew, Aramaic, Hungarian, Slavic... Words, than you can communicate with a German so long as you use certain accents.
I met a German tourist in Jerusalem who was completely lost and knew only German and he understood my directions 100%.
Some words are not in Standard Yiddish, which is totally ok. Yiddish has many dialects and variations. It is lovely to see videos about Yiddish. Thanks
Maybe there are minor differences between the Yiddish dialects which are insignificant
dialects dont exist. Luxembourgish was considered a dialect, later obtaining language status.
@@maliekjcksn no, I've noticed far too many inconsistencies between the Yiddish used in this video, and the Yiddish I've learned, for example, for the differences to be insignificant.
There are significant differences in pronunciations.
the word "yiddish" sounds like a Jewish variant of yodling. hah
As a lady from Germany 🇩🇪 I want to say: Dankeschön & skh dank for this great video. I also love the introduction BTW❣️😍 ❤️
Thank you for watching! 💖💖💖
I am so Love Korea and Germany to Safe to Now In The Philippines
I'm a native Yiddish speaker and I'm learning German right now. It helps knowing Yiddish but i don't understand people who think yiddish is a dialect when I have to learn German in order to understand it
@@BlueOcean696 what to write ?
@@BlueOcean696 וואס זאל איך שרייבן
"a shprakh iz a dyalekt mit an armey un flot" "אַ שפּראַך איז אַ דיאַלעקט מיט אַן אַרמיי און פֿלאָט" - Max Weinrich
The reason why "Dialekt" and "Language" are ambiguous here are political in nature. As Yiddish speaker never had their own state institutions which could standardize the language or universities in which it was teached and as German was the language of administration and/or higher education for many Yiddish speakers, educated Yiddish were diglossic and Yiddish stayed "coupled" to High German.
In linguistics terms they formed a "Sprachbund", influencing each other and retaining many more similarities than would be expected of two languages seperated by 1000 years.
@@burnham4557 Wos zol ikh shreybn? What shall I write?
I know only a bisl daytsh and even less Yiddish, but even English helps with understanding some Idish.
If I wasn’t exposed to German in school at a very young age, I wouldn’t have ever learned Standard German in my life. For example, my parents both don’t know Standard German, although both of them and including me live in a German speaking country, it’s just a vast difference between Standard German and the German we speak. I personally would consider Yiddish a part of many German dialects, heck, it is even easier for me to understand Yiddish than Standard German and it is more easy for native Standard German speakers to understand Yiddish than really stretched out Austrian “Stoa”-Styrian German. Of course, like every dialect, there’s some words you’ll need to learn, like what the heck is an “Erdopfl/Erdopfi” (meaning “potato” in my dialect), but you generally get the overall gist of it, like any other dialect
As a yiddish speaker , this must be litvish yiddish . The latvian yiddish . I have to point that there are other yiddish dialects as ukrainish , litvish,chassidish YIVO and more. Personally i speak YIVO but im familiar with the other dialects and i have to say that i'd say some words differently and so
for example :
German: Unterschied
Yiddish: חילוק (khiluk)
And so on
intersheyd and chilik are both used across dialects though chilik is definitely heard more. The only word that really through me off was that word for head? hapto? I don't know what deutche german is but this just sounds like normal academic yiddish to me.
Yeah I was curious about this! I noticed there’s very little Hebrew influence in this variety of Yiddish which seemed off to me
This is definitely YIVO Yiddish. Western Yiddish from Germany is hardly spoken anymore
My grandfather was a, Yiddish speaker. He was born in the village in modern Lithuania. And his Yiddish and Yiddish from this video are very different
I come from a pure jekke and rhineland jewish family and I can tell you that Yiddish stopped being spoken in the rhineland and oberrhineland probably 400 years ago. We did speak a sort of slang called Yiddish Deutsche (pronounced yüdisch deutsch) however, Yiddish Deutsch isn't really yiddish it's more german with a few Yiddish phrases and words. If you want to find and actual 'german' Yiddish you will have to look at the east near Brandenberg and Berlin, although the major accents of Yiddish nowadays are Polish, Galician, Litvak (Lithuanian) and Russian. And these dialects incorporate more slavic pronunciation and accents.
3:08 the Yiddish pronunciation of "fater" is 100% the same as the word we Hungarians use when we talk about our dad in a very informal and slangish manner. Hungarian slang has an excess of Yiddish loanwords.
Tajt siker vagy haver, vagy csak mesüge? Kukkold már meg! Nem látod, hogy kasa a szajré, nem tré? Mázlink volt, ne majrézz!
Because hungarian is very phonetic, just like yiddish, seeing these examples maybe even more.
We also have a multitude of loanwords from german, old turkish words, gipsy, etc..
This one is probably just the standard phonetic hungarian version of the german word.
Even original ugric words like 'fene' are shortened down in writing to match the phonetical consistency of the language, i think finnish still writes it with two n-s.
Russian slang also has a lot words of yiddish/hebrew origin. Mostly, because for a long time they were a marginalized group so their lexis pierced into criminal jargon and later joined the general vernacular.
yiddish is the best word trader: takes from some languages, and gives to other languages)
Yiddish is just German mixed with Hebrew
As a native German speaker, I have no difficulty understanding Yiddish whatsoever. Just another dialect really, for me at least.
I love how many "quirky" expressions Yiddish uses compared to German. It is a bit like Dutch in that regard. As a native German speaker I recognise the words, but often they are used in a very different manner than they would be in German. This gives both Yiddish and Dutch a unique and cute character, at least in my opinion.
The “quirky” expressions you hear are Slavic and Hebrew
Honestly, as an Austrian, many Yiddish words are closer to what I use on a daily basis when speaking in dialekt, than in the German German
same with sentence structure
Yes, she said it was similar to High German.
Yea I've noticed Yiddish has a lot of similarities to the dialects of southern Germany, Austria and Switzerland. Like using the L diminutive suffix more often, pronouncing ei like it's written, pronouncing A like O and so on. Also, Vienna had a huge Jewish community prior to the Holocaust and they brought a lot of loanwords to the local dialect, two I can think of are Beissl and Havara.
Yiddish is more of a high german variety (oberdeutsch) - high german is spoken in the high-altitude regions in southern germany and austria (hence the name). German speakers confuse high german with hochdeutsch, which is called standard german in english.
@@chegu613 I have never in my entire life heard or seen the term oberdeutsch outside a linguistical paper or textbook and I speak it
we use Süddeutsch (Austro-Bavarian + Alemanic + Upperbavarian)
also yiddish has many influences, from eastern Prussian-Polish german to northern, southern and western german, as there were several yiddish dialects, influeced by the local custorms, but for the dominant one nowerdays, it has many similarties, but those could also be convergent evolutions, and dont have to be direct links to any german dialect
@@ApolloReloaded oberdeutsch is the term used in linguistics. anything else is not valid in linguistic discussion, it doesn't matter if you haven't heard it in everyday life. i am also from southern germany and I in turn have never heard the term süddeutsch when referring to language, but this doesn't matter at all in this case, because oberdeutsch is the linguistic term to use anyways.
"more of a high german variety" also doesn't mean that it is ONLY a high german variety.
I was scared that you stop uploading videos, but this is a nice video, Andy! 🇸🇰❤️🇩🇪
Thank you! 💖💖💖No wifi connection for 3 days.😆
Hí ím from slovakia But I speak Hungarian
Some Yiddish words even sounded Dutch , for example Festnehmen in German and something like Arresteren what is Dutch word, for the same thing
There are many German words that we still use which are loan words from yiddish. I always thought Yiddish was a very interesting and cool sounding language and it's definitely a lot easier for us to understand than for example Swiss German.
Very true. I am a Norwegian with a quite decent grasp of the German language and I can get by speaking it in German speaking countries (save for some grammatical errors here and there haha) and I remember driving through Germany with my family a few years ago and we listened to the radio where I understood the radio hosts pretty clearly and could follow their conversation but the minute we crossed the border into Switzerland, we got the Swiss radio on where the host spoke Swiss German and I was completely lost haha! 😂😂
I think it's because all the recordings that you see on sights like these are YIVO (standardised) Yiddish often pronounced very carefully. Probably 95% of native speakers of Yiddish in the world speak differently to how they're speaking in this video.
Als Deutscher kann ich 75% Yiddish verstehen. Sicher genug um im direkten Gespräch und mit Händen und Füßen sich zu verständigen. Mit Übung lässt sich das noch verbessern.
Guten Rutsch, wie man im Yiddish sagte. Es gibt noch den ein oder andere Spruch, der von Yiddish ins Deutsche geschafft hat.
Klingt wie Niederländisch.
@@voldemarskristiansbariss9909 So schlimm isses Nu auch Nicht Keule
Yidish 🇹🇷❤🇮🇱🇩🇪
Fascinating and beautiful, often sounding like a crossover between English and German, but nothing like Dutch at the same time.
To me it sounded like something in between the three and often between dutch and german
I do speak both languages ,and I can say😘 - you did a great job !👌👏👏👏💐
I love this video! Thank you!! :)
I'm from Ukraine, but I can speak German. I understood like 60-70% of Yiddish text, that's cool! Are there native Yiddish speakers?
yes they're mostly ultra-orthodox haredi and hassidic haredi jews these days. (not all haredi jews are hassidic btw) very few secular people learn yiddish. Despite your president and the Israeli prime minister warning them not to, you might see quite a few of them come to Uman later this month to celebrate Jewish new year
Yes, Yiddish was my first language. Funny enough, my father's family originates from Ukraine, so I mostly use the Ukrainian Yiddish dialect.
@@mattfreelie55 if you're Jewish, do you know Hebrew?
@@anatolii_kalinin Yes, I know Hebrew, Yiddish, and English, and I understand Russian.
Yes sir here in New York especially Brooklyn
I live in Koblenz / Germany and we speak Moselle-Franconian-Dialect. It’s actually much more similar to Yiddish than standard German.
I like that yiddish preserved the pronounciation of ei as ei, not as it now in most German variaties as ai. This always irritates me, because otherwise German is mostly phonetic.
Lithuanian Yiddish pronounces it as ey. Polish Yiddish and hungarian Yiddish pronounce it as ay. Most native speakers of Yiddish say ay today. But Yiddish is written in the Hebrew alphabet anyways so this would be written as יי
Yes, i'm austrian and i love that about yiddish too, there are a lot of sounds that are still the same as in middle german. You can also find that in swiss German a lot. I wish standard german were still like that! For example "r" in the end of the word is not pronounced in standard german anymore, which is a shame.
In my dialect (Schwäbisch) we have still the difference between ei and oi we would say "gl[ei]ch" (same) and "fl[oi]sch" (flash, meat). This difference also existed in old German...
eu being pronounced oi is even weirder.
@@ah795u but when it's (ע(י it's definitely pronounced as ey
In Yiddish, to say “how are you?,” you could say “vos makhstu?” or “vos makht ir?” (formal) or “vos hert zikh?”
Although Yiddish is descended from 14th century German,there are many Hebrew and Slavic borrowed words that a German speaker would not understand.As an example a very common word in Yiddish is "Takeh" which means that is really a fact,it stems from the Polish word for Yes which is Tak.
14th C?!?!??! No way. The Jewish people started to create their own language YIDDISH, in the 9th Century! Before that the Jewish people simply spoke the local German dialect of Upper German.
As an English speaker and a student of German, with a lofty goal of learning Hebrew, Yiddish seems so much easier than German! The grammar is more similar to English, but the vocabulary is extremely close to German (probably being a German dialect of Yiddish). I think that is super neat.
And being interested in Hebrew for religious reasons, I already learned the writing system, so I could pick up on how to say the word before the speaker got to that portion. Super neat!
Imagine how exotic Yiddish would seem more if Standard German were based on Low German dialects instead, not High.
Yiddish seems to be a bit closer to austrian german than Standard german
Some words meant exactly the same, it's just a word switch, Loytn Gezets literally meant Leutengezets.
its such a nice simply put but with the most noticable facts about west germanic language (which West-Yiddish was apart of till 1900ish.)
Next german and volga german. Good video andy.
I think something with Suaderer could be good too
Servus zusammen ... das Video ist sehr geil.... ich hab´ gern gemocht .. ich bin Brasilianer aber lerne ich Deutsch.... ich bin in die deutsche Sprache vollkommen verknallt, aber Yiddish ist sehr schwierig.... vor einiger Zeit hatte eine Nachbarin, eine süße Frau die Wolgadeutsch sprach - herrjemine - unmöglich zu verstehen ;-)
Yiddish was a surprisingly delightful course on Duolingo I couldn't put down (it was actually finished unlike the Hebrew course!) and it got me familiar with the Hebrew alphabet in a way Hebrew could not (I had a similar experience with the Cyrillic alphabet and Tajik). I believe my Lithuanian side was actually Litvak Jews at some point, so it's possible they spoke this at some point... not sure though.
I think the Yiddish that you can learn at Duolingo is Hungarian Yiddish. I heard it is a bit tricky because of the pronunciation
@@jemandausirgendwo5317 ah that explains the difference between the spoken pronunciation and what I expect the Hebrew letters should say given normal yiddish pronunciation rules
My grandparents speak Yidish ❤✡
You speak German pretty flawless.
Yiddish is an interesting language. I’m Jewish and my mom and relatives always throw in Yiddish words it’s hilarious
So apparently one time my grandfather was on a trip to Germany , and he was speaking Yiddish with some locals and was understood quite fluently. They were wondering where he learned his german.
hi hi, i love it so much, how close yiddish and my german dialect (pfälzisch/palatinate german) are. and more proud of all these words where come from original hebrew in my german dialect in form of yiddish and loshon koidesh :-) :-) :-) much greetings from kaiserslautern germany :-) :-) thank you for all this videos 🙂
that's because historically many jews, including one of my ancestors who was a chief rabbi settled in the rheinland essentially birthing ashkenazi judaism.
@@tzvi7989 Cool :-) amazing :-) it is very unbelievebal how much influence all our history, rituals and languages we have together :-) i've once watched an interview a few months ago about someone elderly speaking yiddish and must laugh out loud when he said : ,, Schassgene'' ;-) i also must say that i learned alot of my father he's an horse butcher (Sussem Gatzuff ;-) ) and he teached me a sweet little poam :-) i can really tell you from the botoom of my heart @TZVI, i'm sou proud of these influence and words :-) have very very nice day :-)
@@degamergunni6071 haha my girlfriend spent her year abroad there and tried to speak to me in Pfälzisch but it was too much for the hoch Deutsch in me haha
@@tzvi7989 ohoo ok :-) and where do you come from?when its ok to ask ? I always Want to know, how much does israelis/yiddish speakers understand me when i speak my dialect🤣 your girlfriend was here really?😀
The Best mix ... 20 century be like ...
2:38 Head as in the body part is Kopf, haupt is like “head office”
'Haupt' is a synonym for 'Kopf'. It sounds a bit posh or even archaic but it is the body part. In compound words it usually means 'main' (Hauptstadt -> capital (main city)).
Schwer wiegt das Haupt, das die Krone trägt.
Enthaupten
gehobenen Hauptes
The vocab list is written in both Latin and Hebrew scripts… Are both used for Yiddish? Or does it depend on the region?
No. Yiddish only uses Hebrew script.
Only Hebrew
good video
Woman from the English language from your videos is Queen Elizabeth, and man from the left of her is a guardian of her.
Yiddish is Ashkenazi Jewish origin language
Ladino is Sephardi Jewish origin language
I'm Russian, but I love German soooo much, it's SO DAMN BEAUTIFUL! Very sweet, pleasant, and heavenly beautiful!
Funny as a west german i even speak some words like jiddisch my grandma still talks like that and she isnt jiddisch
Ruhrpottschnauze
Wie definiert ihr Sprache?
mutual intelligibility
"a shprakh iz a dyalekt mit an armey un flot" "אַ שפּראַך איז אַ דיאַלעקט מיט אַן אַרמיי און פֿלאָט" - Max Weinrich
The reason why "Dialekt" and "Language" are ambiguous here are political in nature. As Yiddish speaker never had their own state institutions which could standardize the language or universities in which it was teached and as German was the language of administration and/or higher education for many Yiddish speakers, educated Yiddish were diglossic and Yiddish stayed "coupled" to High German.
In linguistics terms they formed a "Sprachbund", influencing each other and retaining many more similarities than would be expected of two languages seperated by 1000 years.
@@michaelrenper796 and when hebrew was being revived as a modern language for everyday speech and communication in what was then ottoman palestine, early zionist pioneers supressed the yiddish speaking of the new ashkenazi immigrants from eastern europe, germany, austria and prussia. this is why yiddish has now really become a language only natively spoken by the ultraorthodox jews as opposed to a general jewish language and never attained this status
Amazing. Does it mean as german I could understand yiddish speaking people?
You would understand about 40% of Yiddish
This doesn't sound very German, but it kinda does. When listening very closely, I can understand most of it without subtitles. Yiddish is interesting :D
Yiddish's WAY oder than standard German. I think the Swiss, Austrians and Bavarians can relate more to Yiddish
1:52,
Very original - to put a Mennorah on the flag of Prussia instead of its eagle
You won´t believe how close that specific yiddish dialect spoken in this vlog is to the Viennese dialect in behalf of certain phrases and pronuciation in general..
I once read that Yiddish was standardized and turned into a literary language in the 19th century by a group of East European intellectuals who lived in Vienna and so naturally were influenced by Standard German. This is probably a half-truth, but in any case the important role of Vienna for East European Jews probably caused a strong mutual influence between Yiddish and the city dialect of Vienna, secondary to the language's roots as a sociolect from the Rhineland.
@@johaquila Standard German didn´t exist in the 19th century.
At that time "local Standard" were the local dialects of the German States/Kingdoms/Empires which were quite a lot and which were quite divers.
In 1871 the Prussians then unified most of those German States + Kingdoms building the German Empire while the Austrian Empire already existed since 1806.
And it lasted till 1908 until a "standardized German" created by Konrad Duden was implemented in all German speaking regions which was then political accepted by all German speaking countries "for the most part" but not in total... Therefore there are today 3 different official Standard German versions in place = Austrian Standard German + Germany´s Standard German + Swiss Standard German..which have certain small differences in Vocabulary + Orthography + Grammar rules.
So Yiddish was then way earlier standardized than German.
Yiddish is highly influenced by the "Rotwelsch language" which also influenced the Viennese dialect to an high extant and which happened to be a kind of "secret language" amongst the "travelling people" from the past who spoke amongst each other a mix of what´s now Yiddish/Hebrew + Romani (=Roma people´s language ="Gypsies") + Latin + Czech + variations of German and which had an huge impact not only for what´s now Yiddish but also influenced quite a bit - some more others less - all german local dialects all over all the regions of the Holy Roman Empire and in those parts of Eastern Europe which was ruled by Habsburg.
@@michaelgrabner8977 I have never heard of the claim that Standard German didn't exist at the beginning of the 19th century. For the end of the 19th century I suspect it's just nonsense. (Granted, orthography wasn't completely standardized for most of the century, but that's just spelling, not language. The German Empire was founded in 1871. Konrad Duden's dictionary, which gradually became the orthographic standard for the new country, first came out in 1880.)
The creation of Standard German was the result of an effort of scholars from the center of Germany primarily in the 17th and 18th century. There is no date when this was officially finished, but it's clear that a lot of 17th century literature is written in essentially modern Standard German, and far easier to understand today than earlier and even some contemporary books. (You can see this process at work already in a single 16th century author: just compare the 1522 and 1545 Luther bibles. The latter is significantly closer to Standard German.)
An important break-through was in 1749, when one of these scholars managed to convince Empress Maria Theresia to make the northern standard, not the competing southern/Catholic standardization effort (oberdeutsche Schreibsprache) the official standard for Austrian schools. The reason he could do so was famously that what Maria Theresia herself spoke could be interpreted as her form of the same Standard German he was promoting, as much as her form of standard Oberdeutsch. These two standards are just different enough to make books written in oberdeutsche Schreibsprache sound ever so slightly 'off', ever so slightly older, today, similar to the works of some Swiss authors even today. Though of course they were significantly more different from each other than the differences between German/Austrian/Swiss Standard German, which are absolutely minimal and totally negligible compared to the differences between regional varieties even in one of the countries. (I am aware of only one grammar difference between German and Austrian Standard German, if you can even call it one: the Austrian German innovation that "am" can abbreviate either "an dem" or "auf dem", whereas traditionally and in Germany it can only abbreviate "an dem". Though this is changing right now. Recently I heard "am" in the sense of "auf dem" from a German in Berlin.)
At the same time (and to some extent even today), Yiddish was primarily a spoken, non-literary language. Yiddish speakers were primarily reading and writing in Hebrew, German, and sometimes a local language (such as a Slavic language or Hungarian). These languages served the same role for them that Standard German served for speakers of regional German dialects. The standardization of Yiddish that I mentioned may have simply been the result of Yiddish-speaking writers from different regions living in one place -- Vienna -- and deciding to write in Yiddish rather than in German or Hebrew. (Similar to the effect of Luther's reformation, which started the standardization process fo rGerman.)
From what I have heard, the differences between orthographic norms for Yiddish, and more importantly between the underlying regional varieties, are far greater even than those between 18th century Hochdeutsch and oberdeutsche Schreibsprache.
Yiddish was certainly influenced by Rotwelsch to some extent, but I am not aware of significantly greater influence in this direction than Rotwelsch influences on German. It's the opposite direction that is striking: strong Yiddish influence on Rotwelsch. I am also not so sure about Rotwelsch influence on Viennese dialect. No doubt there was some, but some commonalities may be due to direct Yiddish and Slavic influence on both Rotwelsch and Viennese dialect.
@@johaquila Well I did indeed made a little mistake because it wasn´t in 1908 but in 1902. However before that year there was no "standardized German" for the whole german speaking area in place and not even in the German Empire itself in place = Bavaria had the "Oberdeutsch" the German North had "Meißner Deutsch" as standard,
To write and to publish a dictionary is one thing but to make it valid nationwide is a total other thing, because that is then a pure political decision. And second happened at the "Deutsche Sprachkonferenz" in Berlin 1901 and got then implemented by the Goverments of Germany and Austria and Switzerland in 1902...although 3 slightly different versions of it.
Duden tried to get his dictionary "standardized" way earlier solely in the German Empire but Reichkanzler Bismarck was against it because of political reasons because the "new Empire" founded 1871 was a kind of Union amongst the participated German States and he didn´t want to force "a standardized German" to all the others at that time because the Union was political too fragile at that time, and that act would had been seen as "being under Prussian´s thumb" because Duden´s "Standard German" was basically a different language for the North which I will explain as follows.
What you wrote about the "oberdeutsche Schreibsprache" is Nonsens, because that was not a "northern thing" where Maria Theresia had to be convinced as like you wrote.
The "oberdeutsche Schreibsprache/"Oberteutsch" and also called "Jesuitendeutsch" was always a southern thing used by the Catholics since the beginning of 16th century and was based on Hochdeutsch + Mittelhochdeutsch..
In the North was used the socalled "Meißner Deutsch" also called "Meißner Kanzleisprache" as their standard which has its origin in Saxony and was a mixture of Niederdeutsch + Mittelhochdeutsch and was highly influenced by the orthography of the Luther bible..
"Ober" in "Oberdeutsch" does not refer to "the North" on a map but refers to the geographical higher ground above sea level in the South and so does the term "Hochdeutsch" as well by the way basically meaning "Highland German" while in the North the spoken and written language was "Niederdeutsch" basically meaning "Lowland German" and in the geographical middle of Germany there was "Mittelhochdeutsch" the language which had more linguistic aspects of "Hochdeutsch" but intermingeled a bit with Niederdeutsch as well. BUT because of the implementation of "Duden´s Standard German" the spoken and written "Lowland German/Niederdeutsch" then disappeared in the early 20th century as "mainlanguage" in the North and became "various local dialects" (= What Bismarck didn´t want to happen )
Duden´s Standard German took over way more linguistic aspects in form of Grammar and vocabulary from "Hochdeutsch" and "Mittelhochdeutsch" than from "Niederdeutsch" and that´s why "Standard German" is also called - "colloquially" - "Hochdeutsch" today as well ...but linguists don´t do that, they are solely using the term "Standard German" because in their professional terminology "Hochdeutsch" is what I explained before = geographical reference = "Highland German".
And all southern german dialects are in the linguistic field part of the "Hochdeutsche Sprachfamilie/High German language family" and all northern German dialects are part of the "Niederdeutsche Sprachfamilie/Low German language family".
@@michaelgrabner8977 I really don't get how you can interpret "the competing southern/Catholic standardization effort (oberdeutsche Schreibsprache)" as my having claimed it's a northern thing. Johann Christoph Gottsched successfully promoted the northern standard with Maria Theresia, so when she introduced compulsory schooling, it was based on (more northern) Hochdeutsch, not on the (southern) oberdeutsche Schreibsprache which Austria had been promoting earlier along with the other[sic!] southern Catholic German states.
More fundamentally, you are using some arbitrary, extremely restrictive non-standard definition of Standard German that has nothing to do with the context in which I used this rather vague word. (There is of course no ISO or DIN standard defining which historical variety is or isn't a sub-variety of Standarddeutsch, and to my knowledge linguistic scholars have never seriously tried to give a strict definition.) Depending on whether you did this intentionally or are really confused, you may want to read up about two invalid rhetorical techniques: moving the goalpost and the No-True-Scotsman fallacy.
Ich mag Yiddish
Es klingt nett und nach Gemütlichkeit
Wird es noch aktiv gesprochen?
wenige
ja, ich spreche Jiddisch
Ja definitiv aber die meisten die es gesprochen haben sind leider gestorben aber vorallem in New York oder in London gibt es Gemeinden die nach 1945 dahin geflohen oder ausgeflogen wurden und es ja deren Muttersprache….
it's a lot more helpful to completely unfamiliar people to cover the overall basic structure of sentences and grammar than it is to list a bunch of vocab side by side, or throwing big blobs of paragraphs without any explanation.
start with how to say simple sentences like "the apple is red", and "She gave the car to him, the tall construction worker", and compare those sentence differences with the audience's familiar language, in this case, English. Then do more comparisons of more complex sentence structures from there. Then only after move onto larger vocab comparisons so that the listener has a structure to fit those vocab into - otherwise they're just random separate pieces of info harder to memorize without any connecting relationships to other pieces of info.
as a german i understand yiddish bettar than bavarian german
שלום-עליכם, אַ דאַנק פאר די ווידעא אין ייִדיש
I am a German and a Turkish speaker and I think the closeness of Yiddish to German is similar to Azerbaijani to Turkish.
funny that pretty close in phonetical aspect languages are so distinct in grammatical one
What are the excerpts from, the sound very similar to bits an pieces of the US Constitution and Declaration of Independence.
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
shared.
🌞
Should try with austrian
It's german
What kind of Austrian?
@@felixjancik6401 The Arnold Schwarzenegger kind
I have heard Yiddish stems mainly from Mittelhochdeutsch. German of the Middle Ages
It was nice to see the extensive comparisons in the formal texts. But it would have been more interesting to highlight some of the grammatical differences between Yiddish and German, of which there are many--differences in the cases of nouns, in the form of verbs, in the word order within sentences . . . For example, "I am" is "Ich bin" in German and "Ikh bin" in Yiddish, essentially the same thing. But for "I was," German says "Ich war." There's nothing like that in Yiddish, where the simple past of German is completely gone! You have to say, "Ikh bin geven," where "geven" is cognate with German "gewesen." Kind of like "I have been" in English.
Yeah and do the same between Dutch and German, because the grammer in both languages is very different
A thought occured to me: Hebrew was a litergical language used for religious purposes, much like Latin. Like Latin, they could write hebrew but have no idea to pronounce it. The attempt to revive hebrew was made by Ashkenazi jews, who used Yiddish as a lingua franca with other communities. So when Hebrew was revived, it carried a lot of the sounds that would be made in German or Yiddish.
Jews in Iran: These Turks are cursed, why don't they use the Armenian language?
Jews did maintain Hebrew phonology, and they utilized diacritics in Hebrew writings, ancient and modern. This spoken Hebrew was mostly for religious purposes and diverged into many different traditions. This tradition went back to pre-exile days and was maintained, uninterrupted, and thus Hebrew was spoken from the beginning, just not in normal conversation.
@@catphuckers No denial!!!!! They were only expelled by the Russian Vikings
for the most part, you're correct. a lot of the pronunciation, especially vowels, was documented, though not all of it. there are dialects today that sound quite a lot more like ancient hebrew. a lot of people did keep phonetics and even grammar from their languages and brought them into hebrew, which is why so many accents have the german-sounding rhotic sound, for example. that's also why the grammar has changed so much, i believe
Duolingo uses Hungarian pronounciation
Learning Yiddish while speaking English is easy!
The grammatical structure of modern (central European) Jüdisch is Slavic, but if you can avoid some of the Slavic and Hebrew/Aramaic vocabulary (which is doable), it should be pretty close (but somewhat strange structurally) to modern German.
This sounds like the German is correcting the Jew
Is Yiddish to German like Scottish is to English?
not quite. scottish is still pretty mutually intelligible and the grammar is much more similar than yiddish grammar is to german grammar
Scots** yes it is a dialect of English
@@tzvi7989 Scottish is ZERO like English, not even close. In fact it sounds more like Yiddish. My wife is Scot/Irish and can speak Gaelic. BTW, at one time there was a hybrid language that the Scots and Jews wold speak to each other in a way that the English could not understand. It was mix of Scots Gaelic and Yiddish.
Im a slovenian and to me yiddish (in latin spelling) looks likr a slovene person tried spelling german words using the slovene alphabet
It’s just the same language…❤️❤️❤️ love it
No
Yiddish and German
I'm sorry, as a German speaker, I cannot stop to laugh, that Yiddish sounds exactly like some middle eastern refugee german talk but with old words XD
that's exactly what it is tho because the people first speaking it arrived in olden times
Um, the Jewish people are not some "middle eastern refugees". For one thing Jews have lived in Europe, ESPECIALLY Germanic speaking regions since 600 BC! That would make them MORE native that 90% of the current German population.
2nd, Jews actually originated in the NEAR East. Just sayin'.
What you did get correct is that the German of Yiddish is VERY old.
Blaybn gezunt ...
@@Lagolop600 BC? No, more like 800 AD. Jews did live in Europe, but mostly Hellenized regions (which were considered part of the civilized world) over 2000 years ago. Not Germany. One of the oldest synagogues outside of Israel was found in a Black Sea Greek colony. Google phanagoria synagogue
Head (body part) is "kopf"
'Haupt' is a synonym for 'Kopf'. It sounds a bit posh or even archaic but it is the body part. In compound words it usually means 'main' (Hauptstadt -> capital (main city)).
Yiddish = Kop
As an italian speaker I found Yiddish much easier to pronounce than German
Why is that?
@@erectilereptile7383 Because for me it is
stein berg sounds German/scandanvian/norwegian
May I ask why they use a diffrent alphabet?
It's often the cultural practice of Abrahamic/Semitic religion that foreign languages are adapted to the writing system used for the religion. Many Arabic writings are not in the Arabic script because Jews have used the same script shown here and Christians have used the Syriac script. Likewise, Arabic writing has been used by Muslims for languages that sound very different from Arabic, such as Swahili. This is less visible in the history of European Christians, but it may or may not be the reason why Viking runes were replaced by Latin writing systems. Certainly, religion has as much to do with how widely used Latin alphabets are as their supposed practicality.
Yiddish is basically the ethnolanguage of Ashkenazi Jews in Europe, and being Jewish, the language is historically written in the Hebrew alphabet, even though its vocabulary and structure are of mostly German origin.
"Yiddish" literally means "Jewish", that's why they use the Hebrew alphabet.
since yiddish is a language used by jewish people, it uses the Hebrew alphabet (also used for Hebrew in Israel ofc)
2:59 bein means leg not bone
So Yiddish is a German-Jewish creole? Cool!
Irony
@@familyandfriends3519 Clearly, it isn't all that easy
@@otistically I was referring to the Holocaust
Yiddish is distinct from standard German just at Swiss and Austrian for example, are distinct from standard German.
@@familyandfriends3519nothing ironic about that. germans and jewish people have a long history and shared traditions
Also dieselbe Sprache :)
it sounds like dutch.
In the mid-1970s my dad was in Amsterdam and happened to walk into the shop of an antique dealer who spoke no English (I guess that could happen in those days) and my dad spoke no Dutch. So my dad resorted to Yiddish and, as far as I can recall, they managed to communicate at least somewhat. (I’m not sure the antique dealer even knew what language my dad was speaking, although he obviously knew it _wasn’t_ Dutch.)
That is because Dutch unlike most languages that have influenced Yiddish. Actually has borrowed itselve a lot more than it gave to Yiddish. As a Dutch Jew it’s extremely funny to me how Dutch people will literally almost speak a full on Hebrew sentence and then not know a single bit about Hebrew.
@@BagelBoy97 haha can you give us an example please?
@@BagelBoy97 I have heard the exact same thing about Dutch. They use a lot of HEBREW words, not Yiddish per se.
As an Italian I don't understand anything 😂
🇦🇱💙🇩🇪
Tgheta dhe ktu shqipe 🇦🇱😍
@@illyrian3057 ka je?
@@qerqiztopulli1708 i tetoves. Kem fol ca her.
@@illyrian3057 me ka marr malli me pa
Please Hungarian and Japanese!
so Yidddish is just a pidgin of ger man and he brew language
German: ALLE* not ALL
depends.
"All jene" "All die Bäume werden gefällt."
Alle is the same in standard German and Yiddish. Listen again ....
DEUTSCHLAND
THEECHLAND!
Historically ironic..
Yep they murder million of them
not really. before wwii german jews had really assimilated and intergrated into german culture. see for example: Mahler, Mendelsohn and Porsche's Jewish co-founder Adolf Rosenberger (who eventually got imprisoned by hitler)
@@tzvi7989 ok.
WOTAN BLESS THE GERMANS
YHWH BLESS THE YIDS
Basically german with a heavy hebrew accent, I don't know what's the big fuss about
Brr Chinese computervoice ....
sounds just like german but silly and wrong
what? there isn't really such a thing as "german." there's standard german, hochdeutsch, but there is no one definitive german. they're all dialects. yiddish is a german dialect although far enough to be considered a language itself, i guess. especially since it uses a different alphabet
standard german sounds like yiddish but silly and wrong
@@macywave okay okay don't worry i respect it
Yes, the nazis basically persecuted other germans
Well, the homosexuals, disabled, "asocial", communists, jehowas witnesses and so on were Germans too.
@@aramisortsbottcher8201 yeah, what a dumb ideology that was
hebrew dialect 😂
Please dont resent the 1940s
Please don't forget the 40's
@@aramisortsbottcher8201 ok lol
We all must remember the 40 so as to prevent a holocaust like that from happening again.
@@aramisortsbottcher8201 We all must remember the 40 so as to prevent a holocaust like that from happening again.
🇷🇺❤️🇩🇪
Never
@@familyandfriends3519 Okay. I said my attitude towards Germany. I don't see anything like that.
Klingt wie ein alter deutscher Dialekt. 98% verstehe ich problemlos.
Jewish Europeans are genetically Europeans Not semitic 😂😅🤣
Culturally European* Genetics isn't real
They are 50-50 Levant and Europe (primarily Italian AFAIK due to Jewish males going to Rome and taking Roman wives from AD 70 on, and population bottleneck). The Y chromosome haplotypes are identical to other Jews in Mizrach, Maariv, Persia, etc.
The typical Ashkenazi genome is 40 percent European and 60 percent Levantine.
The maternal line is Southern European yes, but their paternal line is at least 80% Semitic. Do your research before spitting out BS about the European Jews. They happen to have Semitic DNA as well as European admixture.
@@BlueOcean696 Not northern, but southern. They rarely mixed with the Northern Europeans.
Yiddish is not language. Its just jewish dialect in german language. It doesnt need to be undead
It is not exactly a dialect of German. It is actually a form of Medieval High German adopted by the Ashkenazi Jews as their vernacular and include terms of Hebrew and Aramaic origins. There are actually 2 types of Yiddish: Eastern and Western. Most Yiddish spoken is of Eastern European varieties. Many Ashkenazi Jews migrated to Eastern Europe for better opportunities as well as fleeing persecutions. Overtime Yiddish spoken in Eastern Europe picked Slavic terms and incorporated them into Yiddish vocabulary. Most Yiddish speakers are of Eastern European varieties. Western European Yiddish is said to be on the verge of extinct as there are few Ashkenazi communities continue to speak it. During the Age of Enlightenment during the 18th Century, Western European Ashkenazi Jews became more integrated into Western societies and spoke French, German and other languages instead of Yiddish.
wrong
Wait a minute; "head" in Yiddish = KOP and standard German is "KOPF". I never heard of "haupt"
write yiddish in yiddish alphabet too, talking about the end