Propagating Amaryllis by Chipping / Notching Hippeastrum Bulbs to Produce Multiple Offsets

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 30 มิ.ย. 2024
  • How to propagate amaryllis by chipping. Hippeastrum bulb propagation by notching to produce multiple offsets. Offsets are sometimes called daughter bulbs or bulblets. Chipping is a common form of bulb propagation that results in the death of the mother bulb and the production of many daughter bulbs. To propagate an amaryllis via chipping clean a mature bulb thoroughly, remove the roots, and remove the papery scales. Be sure to leave the basal plate intact. Cut into the basal plate and halfway into the bulb. Make 8 pie sliced cuts with a sharp sterile knife and insert zip ties into the cuts to prevent the bulb from healing over. After cutting you can dip the bulb into a fungicide for 30 minutes. I prefer not to use fungicides. Next, place the bulb cut side down into pre-moistened vermiculite. Cover with more moistened vermiculite. Provide bottom heat if possible. Keep the vermiculite consistently lightly moist. You can add a homemade humidity dome, but I have found this more problematic than helpful. Offsets will be evident in a few months. After approx. 9 months you can remove them from the vermiculite and plant the new offsets into their own pots with high quality potting soil. It will take several years for these daughter bulbs to bloom.
    ISHS Articles - A TWO-YEAR PRODUCTION CYCLE OF ISRAELI-GROWN HIPPEASTRUM BULBS FROM BULB CHIPPING TO CHRISTMAS FLOWERING www.ishs.org/ishs-article/430_56
    ROLE OF OUTER SCALE IN TWIN-SCALE PROPAGATION OF HIPPEASTRUM HYBRIDUM AND COMPARISON OF BULBLET FORMATION FROM SINGLE- AND TWIN-SCALES - www.ishs.org/ishs-article/266_6
    IMPROVING HIPPEASTRUM PROPAGATION AND BULBIL YIELD BY CUTTING AND INCUBATION TECHNIQUES - www.ishs.org/ishs-article/430_55
    Vegetative Propagation of Amaryllis Bulbs - www.hst-j.org/articles/pdf/Ge...
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  • @NorthlawnFlowerFarm
    @NorthlawnFlowerFarm  6 หลายเดือนก่อน +8

    Hi friends! Check out page 377 of this study for progress photos - www.hst-j.org/articles/pdf/GeWm/kshs-2017-035-03-8.pdf

  • @mikrostone3149
    @mikrostone3149 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +18

    I gave away one of my babies (amaryllis) to my friend who is recovering from a fracture. Best 'Get well' present ever! Thank you for making your videos so much fun to learn from. You've done so much work researching it all and it is super generous to share it with us! ❤

  • @jeanioneill6610
    @jeanioneill6610 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +7

    Danielle I love that you not only know your facts but the way that you present them helps us all to understand and want to experiment as well. Plus the resources given are all part of your master gardening background. Thank you again

  • @marymurphy4825
    @marymurphy4825 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +11

    Hi Danielle, thanks for this amazing tutorial on chipping an amaryllis bulb! I never knew about that! Wow! So cool. Looking forward to the progress. 😍

  • @darlenemc3586
    @darlenemc3586 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

    You help me understand Amaryllis growing! I can see how people love them. They are gorgeous flowers and perfect for the winter blues! 🌸🏵🌺

  • @elisebarthalow6075
    @elisebarthalow6075 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    I've tossed so many bulbs! I'm retired now and I'm excited to be saving seeds,propagating and want to start producing more Amaryllis. Thank you for your informative videos!

  • @CreativelyMe1970
    @CreativelyMe1970 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

    I can’t wait to see! I experimented with root soaking this year and am THRILLED with the results. Last year I had one bulb that just didn’t grow for 2 months, so I had tried root/basal plate soaking (had it in water up to the basal plate) and it took off as soon as I did that. I figured why not give it a try this year before planting and I can sure tell the ones that I root soaked vs the ones I didn’t! Thanks for that tip.

  • @Sweetnessjuju13
    @Sweetnessjuju13 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Can’t wait to try this, I always learn so much with you Danielle!

  • @MK-wm6gu
    @MK-wm6gu 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Thank you, Danielle. I’m pretty sure I learn something every time I watch one of your videos.

  • @claudiabozzo1635
    @claudiabozzo1635 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    I just love your amaryllis videos. Ive learned so much from them. Last year I pollinated a minerva just because i was curious to try it and i now have 12 plants starting. I just wish i had more room in my home to try all these things! 😊

  • @wildbirdfarm
    @wildbirdfarm 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    How interesting - I had not heard of this technique before. Thanks Danielle, and happy holidays!

  • @dawnweiss9222
    @dawnweiss9222 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thank you I learned something new today. A great way to start the morning.

  • @matthewcondon1985
    @matthewcondon1985 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    I'm so happy to see you showing chipping...I've always wanted to try it, but I've been afraid to try. I can't wait to see all the updates to come!

  • @robinsiciliano8923
    @robinsiciliano8923 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thank you for making it concise and easy to understand. Makes me feel confident in trying out this method!

  • @AliciasHealingChannel
    @AliciasHealingChannel 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    You’re amazing, thank you for these vids. I received a couple amaryllis garden boxes from trader Joe’s and they bloomed like crazy until a few days ago. Thank you for showing me what you do next. I love amaryllis, my fave holiday flower! ❤

  • @poppyowen4634
    @poppyowen4634 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    This is so cool! Thank you for sharing. I can’t wait to see what happens.

  • @sandydavidshofer1204
    @sandydavidshofer1204 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    I:ve been waiting for this one! But wanted to hear instructions from you before i tried it. I'm blaming my amaryllis "problem' on you! Thank you!!!

  • @nautilusshell4969
    @nautilusshell4969 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Really looking forward to seeing the results.

  • @sunshine..journey
    @sunshine..journey 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Never heard of this! Looking forward to 3 months updates on these amaryllis bulb 😀

  • @soniasteckert6988
    @soniasteckert6988 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Very informativel. Thank you for showing this new process for multiplying my Amaryrills.

  • @johnandmichelevaughan1638
    @johnandmichelevaughan1638 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Always learning something from you. Thank you for your content. 😊

  • @amyhoff1501
    @amyhoff1501 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Very interesting to find out from you how to propagate an Amaryllis, I had no clue that such method existed . Super fun to learn from you , you are a very good teacher, my Apple Blossom grew a baby plant while planted outside this past summer, I was very happy to see that , I’m new to Amaryllis . Greetings from Massachusetts

  • @Fabdanc
    @Fabdanc 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I once had a daughter, and I named her Bulblettie. Chipping is such a wild form of propagation.

  • @sandranichols-le5nx
    @sandranichols-le5nx 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Great video...I have 2 blooming now I might try this with one of them.

  • @christiansmith6766
    @christiansmith6766 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Hey north lawn flower farm hope the winter treats you well! Thanks from Cambridge uk ! Look forward to see your “hardy annuals” lol cheers :) from Christian

  • @Laurablushing
    @Laurablushing 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    So fascinating!!!! Thank you for sharing this!

  • @michaelhornyak7506
    @michaelhornyak7506 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Hi Danielle
    Very interesting about chipping, I have too many bulbs ready. Last season a couple of smaller bulbs grew off shoots. I have about 20 seedlings one grew super big. Have 14 bulbs in the veggie drawer in paper bags. Bought a 24 inch window box to grow then replant it a big pot on the patio. Thanks for all the info your the best

  • @judymckerrow6720
    @judymckerrow6720 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thank you Danielle, very interesting!🎄💚🙃

  • @purplethumb7887
    @purplethumb7887 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I love nerdy rabbit holes. 🤣
    Just a couple of weeks ago I performed surgery on my Amaryllis Elvas because I thought it had red blotch. After removing so much of the diseased parts, I decided to just go ahead and experiment with chipping.
    I just saw your video, and it reminded me to check on my bulb. I believe I see what is the beginning of a very small bulb! I'm so excited! I hope I get a few more bulblets from it. I've heard about/seen others whose bulbs did not work out and just ended up dying. Good luck with yours!

  • @jomassey4207
    @jomassey4207 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Very informative. Thanks Danielle😊
    Merry Christmas 🎉
    Jo in New Zealand summer.

  • @dksgardenoasis
    @dksgardenoasis 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    How interesting! I'm going to have to give this a try.

  • @MicheleSchutte
    @MicheleSchutte 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Awesome information.❤

  • @bryonyhellis
    @bryonyhellis 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Fascinating, thank you!

  • @NicolesGardenNS
    @NicolesGardenNS 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    This is fantastic, I’m going to try this for sure. It should be noted, to check that daughter bulbs have some of their own roots before removing from the parent. I’ve made the mistake of getting excited and separating them too soon, and they didn’t make it.

  • @dmilonga
    @dmilonga 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Interesting, learnt something new, will definitely try it.

  • @j.b.4340
    @j.b.4340 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Very cool. Will try this. In the film, “Christmas With the Kranks”, there is a great amaryllis arrangement in the foyer, right when Blair returns home. 🙂 Noticed it…thought of you.

  • @geneswiech4381
    @geneswiech4381 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Wow !!!
    Good to know.
    Thanks for sharing 😊
    1# fan from Pittsburgh
    Gene

  • @1littleway
    @1littleway 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Yikes, seeing you cut into that bulb really made my skin crawl a bit 😂 it kind of hurt but so glad to realize another way to propagate! Who knew?

  • @MyPlantWorld
    @MyPlantWorld 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    thanks for sharing

  • @Icebrg313
    @Icebrg313 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Awesome video! thx!

  • @kathiegettinger8374
    @kathiegettinger8374 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I have just discovered your channel….! Thank you! I never knew amaryllis could be a cut flower. So beautiful! Have you ever shared your sources for healthy bulbs? I would love to buy some doubles and other varieties not generally found in stores. 😊

  • @smellslikedirt525
    @smellslikedirt525 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Have seen results of chipping where they just completely cut through the basal plate and the individual 8 pieces were placed in vermiculite/sand mixture. All 8 pieces had room to grow.

    • @kurtmcdonald6834
      @kurtmcdonald6834 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Less chance of rot wiping out your bulb if cut into 4 or 8 then half cutting a bulb like this.Cant see what's hiding in the middle without uprooting the bulb.

  • @lindaannb
    @lindaannb 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    I have never heard of doing this to propagate amaryllis! Please update us when you transfer it outside and when you grow the new bulbs!

  • @MaryBornforHealth
    @MaryBornforHealth 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    That was super interesting. I don't have much luck getting blooms off of a saved amaryllis. I can sometimes get them to grow leaves but I haven't had success in them blooming. I'm always amazed at your knowledge and your courage in trying new things.

    • @seanaames6855
      @seanaames6855 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Amaryllis need a dormant time in the dark to rebloom. 😊

    • @MaryBornforHealth
      @MaryBornforHealth 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

      I have tried that--they rotted.@@seanaames6855

  • @peony2569
    @peony2569 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thanks great Video❤

  • @KristiB73
    @KristiB73 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Definitely want updates.

  • @allisonmussman5760
    @allisonmussman5760 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Place a damp paper towel under your cutting board to keep it from sliding around when cutting

  • @matildamagnusson4120
    @matildamagnusson4120 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Hi 👋 happy Christmas 🎄 ❤, next time you’re doing a video on amaryllis please may you also mention the varieties that are fragrant! In my collection I have apple blossom and Denver, but I would love to know since you have so many ❤😊

  • @falzonp1
    @falzonp1 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Wonderful video about chipping Amaryllis bulbs. Thanks for the information! Will surely try it! Is it possible to know the name of the dark red Amaryllis please? Thank you so much!

  • @aaltjegrant4018
    @aaltjegrant4018 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Hi I li
    I love your videos and anew fan. I have an amaryllis bug like you,my first year. 2:24
    Inedible your advice and help as my new apple blossom blooms look great but bulbs are soft and squishy,,,

  • @jessicaeiss2541
    @jessicaeiss2541 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Danielle, what do you do with your bulbs for the summer? Do you plant outdoors, or keep inside? I just found out that all three that I planted outdoors this past summer have been affected by the Narcissus fly. One was rotting inside and the larva was still inside too, another one was rotting but no larva that I found, and the third had some exterior damage that I had to clean up. I have chipped two of these plants using sections where the basal plate was still ok, by cutting sections, drying and then planting. One of them was Magic Touch that was beautiful last year! I've done some research, and for next summer, I think I'm either going to put fine mesh cloth around the plant so the fly can't lay it's eggs in the layers, or just wait until late June when the reproductive cycle is over with for the fly.... I've no ordered 3 more bulbs, plus the original 3 I already ordered, and I don't want to let these get damaged next summer. Do you just keep them inside?

  • @easternsecrecy9777
    @easternsecrecy9777 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    That is the biggest amaryllis bulb I have ever seen.

  • @fionadickinson950
    @fionadickinson950 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I'm on my third or fourth year of growing Amaryllis. My first bulb was Apple Blossom. It grew 3 offset bulbs in year 1. And 2 of the offset bulbs have produced 2 offset bulbs each.
    I'm going to soon be inundated with bulbs.
    I was wondering what the large containers you have are called? I have normal plants pots at the moment. I'm looking for an indoor long windowsill planter I could put them in.
    I've just got a new bulb Cherry Nymph, very excited to see the blooms.
    My mother bulb isn't as big as yours, do they flower even if you don't force them? I'm in the UK and never seem to time it right for Christmas anyway.
    I love your videos.

  • @matthewcondon1985
    @matthewcondon1985 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    I grown all my bulbs outside in pots during the summer. I worked on getting them cleaned up today...to repot after January 1st...I like them to bloom after all the Christmas decorations have been put away...during the time when winter seems to drag on. Can you recommend anything to treat the bulbs with that will take care of any lingering pests? Specifically mealy bugs and scale?

  • @veronicabrown6944
    @veronicabrown6944 7 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Never had an amaryllis before. I live just outside of Tampa Florida and my flower stays outside in shaded areas. After it dropped its flowers last fall, it kept its leaves and they never turned yellow or brown. Do I cut them off to help promote the growth of a flower stem and fresh leaves?

  • @GrettaVanMaanen-pj8ql
    @GrettaVanMaanen-pj8ql 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    What do you put in your water when putting cut amaryllis in a vase?

  • @theresadyjach5406
    @theresadyjach5406 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Hi Danielle, just thought of you while I watched the Amaryllis man. He is selling his farm in Florida, with all his amaryllis. Maybe this would be for you.

  • @randoline13
    @randoline13 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Fascinating! How long would you expect it to take before the babies are formed and they are able to produce flowers? Also, does the mother bulb rot away as it dies or just dries up?

    • @NorthlawnFlowerFarm
      @NorthlawnFlowerFarm  6 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

      The mother bulb will wither and die❤ It’s generally 3 years until the daughter bulbs are large enough to bloom.

  • @alicekosel6390
    @alicekosel6390 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    I bought 2 amaryllis bulbs from Walmart. 10cm. One has a bulblet coming up from the underside. Question....are these 10 cm bulbs too small to do chipping?
    Also, when you pulled the bulblet off your bulb, it didn't appear to have many roots...do you just plant it as is? Thank you.

  • @larakalevra2233
    @larakalevra2233 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I'd love to try that since I saw the first tutorial years ago, but I'm just not brave enough to do that to any of my amaryllis. ^^

  • @cindysellers8321
    @cindysellers8321 หลายเดือนก่อน

    My Daughter just gave me one for my birthday but I don't know how to keep it alive. I've never had one . The flowers are starting to die, what do I do ? Your help would be appreciated. It's a beautiful plant and I don't want it to die.

  • @berryettarudesill6527
    @berryettarudesill6527 หลายเดือนก่อน

    What do you do with an envelope bulb after it has produced the flowers in the flowers are removed then put what do you do when an Amarillo Bob has already produced is flowers, then what do you do with the star?

  • @sailorPinata
    @sailorPinata 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Interesting, I've seen people use this method but with cutting it the other way around ; half from the top but leaving the basal plate intact 🤔 What would be the best method ?

  • @beijaflorblooms
    @beijaflorblooms 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Thank you for this video! Danielle, I have an amaryllis bulb problem I can’t find information about. A bunch of wormlike bugs ate the full top half of a bulb. I got the bugs off … but can the bulb still be saved?

    • @NorthlawnFlowerFarm
      @NorthlawnFlowerFarm  6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Hi friend! Unfortunately, that’s doesn’t sound good. If no bugs remain, I would try chipping that bulb. Please feel free to write me on IG. I can send you some pest pdfs if you like.

  • @lindajones9191
    @lindajones9191 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Does this method work with tulip and narcissus bulbs as well? This video is so helpful, I love this type of content. Thank you!!!

    • @NorthlawnFlowerFarm
      @NorthlawnFlowerFarm  6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Yes friend! Any bulb can be chipped/notched.

    • @lindajones9191
      @lindajones9191 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

      How exciting!!! Thank you!!!!

  • @tinah8065
    @tinah8065 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Have you done this before? How many babies did you get? I have watched a bunch of videos on this, I even bought “plain clearance” bulbs last year just to try it…..yet I haven’t gotten the nerve yet! I have to start getting mine out of dormancy….so I will do it this time! I will! 😂. I have seen the suggestion to soak in a fungicide before planting, do you have thoughts on that?

  • @amanda69
    @amanda69 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Hello, I have a question. My Amaryllis bulb is Shrinking, it is now about 1/2 the size it was before it bloomed. What is wrong? Is it dying? Should i cut the bloom off? Please help. More than one is doing this.
    Thank you.

  • @susanpirie8269
    @susanpirie8269 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Will the new bulbs bloom the next year?

  • @torimarie7659
    @torimarie7659 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    So fascinating! Can chipping be used for other bulbs like tulips or daffodils?

  • @joycearthur5244
    @joycearthur5244 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I have an older amaryllis bulb that has a leave coming from the bottom so is that a baby?

  • @virginiakuriata2187
    @virginiakuriata2187 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    It is Dec 2023, can I separate three bulbs in a pot to individual pots. One is setting bloom???

  • @pjarvis3086
    @pjarvis3086 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    This is so very interesting. You have inspired my love of growing amaryllis. I have a couple of questions. Two of my held over amaryllis have only shot up leaves. Why am I not getting a flower stalk? I also bought a new bulb and is currently full bloom. I can squeeze the bulb in quite a bit. Like it’s squishy. Does this mean it will not survive long term? Thank you, love your content.

    • @NorthlawnFlowerFarm
      @NorthlawnFlowerFarm  6 หลายเดือนก่อน +5

      Hi friend! How big were the bulbs when you put them into dormancy? At least 26 cm and four leaves? Some varieties put up leaves first. If a bulb fails to rebloom it’s generally because it’s not big enough, didn’t get enough sun/energy over the summer, or incorrect dormancy temperature/time. If your reblooming a bulb from a kit those bulbs are often very small. They will sometimes skip a year. Whatever happens don’t give up! They will eventually bloom again once they are big enough. The only bulbs I’ve ever struggled with are the ones that are very small to begin with. In terms of the new bulb - was it squishy when you purchased it? If so, I would contact the supplier. However, an amaryllis bulb shrinks as it pushes flowering scapes and leaves. You may just be seeing the bulb lose mass because of that. An amaryllis bulb will shrink significantly while it blooms and pushes leaves. Then is gets bigger again over the spring, summer, and fall. I hope that helps.

    • @pjarvis3086
      @pjarvis3086 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Thank you so much for replying. This all makes sense to me. I haven't measured them, but they are from kits or one I peeled the wax off of last year, so they are probably too small. I put them into my basement Sept 5 and took them out around Nov 20th. The squishy one has a lot of blooms going on and I can understand why it's squishy. No it was not squishy when I bought it. I bought it at a store and checked it first, it is smaller tho and not huge like the one you propagated in todays video. I am only on my third year of growing them and last summer was the first time I took them out to my porch. Do you fertilize them? When? I have listened to all your amaryllis video's so I may have missed it. I need to rewatch them all. lol You and Laura from Garden Answer are such inspirations for me and hard on my pocket book. lol Have a great day.

  • @susankahn7219
    @susankahn7219 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    What a cool idea! You made me a little nervous with your cutting! Perhaps a tea towel wrapped around bulb would keep it safer to cut!

  • @pennyrunge6886
    @pennyrunge6886 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    How or when do you have a mother bulb

  • @bigblade15
    @bigblade15 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    What happened here? Before I do this I would like to know the outcome.

  • @stanlee5766
    @stanlee5766 หลายเดือนก่อน

    My lord you’re one attractive lady, I think I’m in love 😍. I will be attempting to try this process, I hope Ive concentrated enough on the process and not just yo Ms 😍

  • @sailorPinata
    @sailorPinata 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Do you know if it works with allium bulbs ? :)

  • @mariamarfil1620
    @mariamarfil1620 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    👏🏼👏🏼👏🏼👏🏼👏🏼👏🏼❤️

  • @angelawhittenberg647
    @angelawhittenberg647 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    At what stage do you think is it best to do chipping? Fresh out of dormancy?

    • @NorthlawnFlowerFarm
      @NorthlawnFlowerFarm  6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      That is the way I see it recommended 😀

  • @naveedesahar4249
    @naveedesahar4249 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Please share the website link so I can check it for pakistan

  • @cajunlady4893
    @cajunlady4893 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    How long will it take for the offsets to bloom?

  • @shawndakramer7352
    @shawndakramer7352 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Hi there bought a few new amaryllis, and the blooms aren't fully opening up. Any thoughts on why?

    • @NorthlawnFlowerFarm
      @NorthlawnFlowerFarm  6 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Hi friend! What are they doing? Falling off? Edges turning brown?

    • @shawndakramer7352
      @shawndakramer7352 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

      No they aren't experiencing those issues . Wish I could send photos. Maybe the bulbs aren't producing enough energy to fully open. We moved them away from the windows to a warmer spot but still no luck.

  • @a3d888
    @a3d888 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Free Palestine