EKG Basics | How to Read & Interpret EKGs: Updated Lecture
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 15 พ.ค. 2024
- Official Ninja Nerd Website: ninjanerd.org/
Ninja Nerds,
In this lecture Professor Zach Murphy will be explaining everything you need to know about electrocardiograms (ECG/EKG). This is a huge lecture that will build all of your foundational skills on understanding the waveforms and deflections that occurs with EKGs. It is also an updated lecture we have created in the past! We hope you enjoy this lecture and be sure to check out all of our social media pages and ways to support us below!
References:
● Le T, Bhushan V, Sochat M, Chavda Y, Zureick A. First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 2018. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Medical; 2017
● Mancini MC. Heart Anatomy. In: Berger S Heart Anatomy. New York, NY: WebMD.emedicine.medscape.com/articl....
● Hill M. Cardiovascular System - Heart Histology. embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/em.... Rosen IM and Manaker S. Oxygen delivery and consumption. In: Post TW, ed. UpToDate .
● Waltham, MA: UpToDate. www.uptodate.com/contents/oxy....
● McCorry LK. Physiology of the Autonomic Nervous System. Am J Pharm Educ .2007; 71(4): p.78. doi: 10.5688/aj710478.
● Standring S. Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2016
● Leslie P. Gartner, James L. Hiatt. Color Textbook of Histology. New York (NY): Grune & Stratton Inc.; 2006
● U. S. National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. NIH SEER Training Modules - Classification & Structure of Blood Vessels. training.seer.cancer.gov/anat....
● Ostenfeld E, Flachskampf FA. Assessment of right ventricular volumes and ejection fraction by echocardiography: from geometric approximations to realistic shapes. Echo research and practice.2015; 2(1): p.R1-R11. doi: 10.1530/ERP-14-0077.
● Maceira AM, Prasad SK, Khan M, Pennell DJ. Reference right ventricular systolic and diastolic function normalized to age, gender and body surface area from steady-state free precession cardiovascular magnetic resonance.. Eur Heart J .2006; 27(23): p.2879-88. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehl336. Klabunde RE. Hemorrhagic Shock. www.cvphysiology.com/Blood%20P....
● Drucker WR, Chadwick CD, Gann DS. Transcapillary refill in hemorrhage and shock.. Arch Surg .1981; 116(10): p.1344-53. pmid: 7283706.
● Kaur P, Basu S, Kaur G, Kaur R. Transfusion protocol in trauma. J Emerg Trauma Shock .2011; 4(1): p.103. doi: 10.4103/0974-2700.76844.
● Campbell RL, Li JTC, Nicklas RA, Sadosty AT. Emergency department diagnosis and treatment of anaphylaxis: a practice parameter. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol .2014; 113(6): p.599-608. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2014.10.007
● Consortium for Spinal Cord Medicine. Early acute management in adults with spinal cord injury: A clinical practice guideline for health-care professionals.. J Spinal Cord Med .2008; 31(4): p.403-79. pmid: 18959359.
● Marieb EN, Hoehn K. Anatomy & Physiology. Hoboken, NJ: Pearson; 2020. Boron WF, Boulpaep EL. Medical Physiology.;2017.
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Never have I been taught ECG in my five years of medical school like this. This is easily the best lecture on ECG basics by far. God bless you sir.
interesting, this is exactly how our prof taught us
@@johndalton4559 good for you
@@uniquevirals9901 Hahahahaha, why shouldn't I?
Like for real!!!
a lot of grad school programs are not created equally. you kind of have to teach yourself.
I'm a 68 year old dude wanting to understand some of my heart rhythm issues. Call me an enginerd that loves understanding the technicals of what I'm looking at. Kinda tired of the cardiologist not helping me truly understand what we are looking at. This presentation really helped me understand how my Kardia Mobile works. It also lets me have a greater understanding of my doctor's 12 lead machine read out. It isn't going to make me a medical tech nor a cardiologist but it levels the playing field to talk intelligently with my cardiologist. As a person that managed training in a technical field (air traffic control) I applaud your use of visuals, retracing concepts and building on them from start to finish. WELL DONE!
I hope you are okay
All the best to you, sir.
Your cardiologist also made basic concepts from this video.
😊
God bless you
Seriously.... it's like having your own private tutor. Whatever instilled in you to gift your time and knowledge to the rest of us for FREE!! I thank you. God bless mate. Much love from Australia.
Zach, Kristin, and Rob were all tutors while in school, and came to understand that creating videos of lectures would be a boon for students around the world! Thanks for being part of that community! - TG
@@NinjaNerdOfficial thanks for creating this community. I've been reading all the comments and you guys are really doing so much good in this world. God knows we need it. Probably would of done med if I'd met you guys 20 yrs ago, chose nursing instead, so still able to help people. 😉 keep it up, alot of people are going to be alot more competent because of you guys.
Zack makes EKGs bearable. I learned a lot tonight, especially that, "The left ventricle BE THICCC." I will never forget that, Zack. Thank you, sir.
😂😂😂
HAHAHA
It's past midnight...
I am still reading for my exams...
I am tired.
Thank you for your help all those lonely nights, NINJA NERD!!!
I see a day where you’re going to have 10 million subscribers! The best channel!
Dude, I wish he could get 100 millions, he is so amazing 🤩 There is no single channel out there that explains things at such a high level of quality of filming, editing and of course the drawings that clarify the whole issue…
I love this channel 💕
Yes you are right
@@razzanhh7817 yeah you are right , there is no other channel like this
this channel deserves this💙
@@razzanhh7817 Amazing clarity explanation for EKG !
If there was a Nobel prize for education, it would have to go to Zach and Ninja Nerd team (every year).
One of the most useful channels on youtube ever. Thank you for all your work
How in the world did this dude just manage to explain EKG a thousand times better in on hour than any professor at medical scool did in 2 years… thank you so much
You are incredibly pedagogical , you are meant to do this , this is your vocation and what a vocation ! ...thank you so much for sharing with students all over the world especially those who don't have access to good quality courses and can't provide enough books to build an overview ...you have no idea how much they are grateful
Serine gs( what a name) agree with you totally. But I want to thank you for teaching me pedagogical. It's an apt description for this man. He is teaching from the left field
Yes of course I'm one of these student who they don't have good quality course I really struggle and now I completely depend on his lectures I can't tell him how grateful I'm 🙏🙏
Watch Dr. Najeeb lectures. This is a copy of those..
@@rezareza1195 Dr. Najeeb and Zach Murphy's style of teaching is the same; graphical description....not necessarily a copy of the other, they just use similar techniques to help understand the concepts better. And call me crazy, but if I can get the same quality course and ease of understanding without paying a subscription fee, I think I'd lean to the no-cost option.
Thanks a lot sir, following u from 2018🙏
Zach said one sentence, that really stuck with me throughout the whole video: "I got you". And that is exactly it. Whatever the question or problem in understanding you might have... Once you finish a video you feel like all is crystal clear and easy. Thank you so much for that passion all of you have at the Ninja Nerd Team!
You're creating thousands of doctors with your each lecture .
Thank you so much professor
I have been a nurse 25 years and a nurse practitioner 9 years. Your ability to break things down and teach them is gift beyond words. 25 years and I actually now understand how a 12 lead EKG really works. I am so grateful for you! You have a fan and follower for life. Thank you for being a phenomenal teacher.🥰 You make learning FUN.
I have been a physician for 30 years and actually laughed out loud at this video…love it, “let’s fire baby🔥 “Thank you for these videos!
That left ventricle be thiccc. With that facial expression. I enjoy his lectures and they’re brilliant with their content, but it’s the little bits that always take me by surprise where it’s like he’s chilling with friends and the topic is his favourite thing, like he’s discussing sports or something he did on vacation with friends and I can’t help but laugh. Without the humour I wonder how easy the long lectures would be, but with them they’re a breeze. What a charismatic lecturer. I’ve not been a physician as long as yourself but I come back to these when I want to brush up on some basic science, and I expect I will for years to come. How brilliant.
“Hey baby, I’m gon fya, I’m gon send some action potentials” 😂😂😂
😂😂😂😂.
This is why I love Prof Zach 😂
I can't express how grateful i am for you professor murphy!! I am a year 4 med student and this is my FIRST time - my FIRSTTT time - actually understanding how the ECG actually works. 20 minutes in and I KNOW that this is the video that is going to save my ass in clinical years. Thank you so so much!! Hands down the BEST ECG video out there :) When I earn my first paycheck in the future, I will be sure to donate it to your patreon!!!
After almost 10 years of studying medecine, NOBODY beats this Guy. He is a true Hero
I've been avoiding ECG for quite some time , infact didn't watch your previous video completely either. But now looks like the universe really wants me to study this😂
We have complete confidence in you, Miruthula! 😀
Yes miruthula u got this 👍
I can relate. I have to pause every 2 minutes. SO much information.
Yes, you got this, Miruthula!!
TH-cam Algorithms?
00:15 Understanding the basics of EKGs, including the physics and physiology.
01:56 Understanding EKG deflections based on flow of charges.
05:46 Understanding the direction of positive charge movement in EKG leads
07:44 Lead II is the focus in this example, showing the axis from negative to positive.
11:42 Understanding atrial depolarization and SA node involvement
13:34 Understanding the PR segment and PR interval
17:20 Understanding depolarization vectors in EKG
19:16 Understanding EKG wave deflections
22:25 Understanding the QRS vector in EKG interpretation
23:59 Mean QRS vector and positive deflection in lead 2
27:27 Ventricular depolarization and direction of charge flow
29:08 Understanding the isoelectric line in the ST segment
32:44 Explanation of how charges flip within myocardium
34:32 Understanding EKG deflections and their indications
38:01 Understanding the placement of EKG leads.
39:34 Lead one, lead two, lead three all point in the same direction.
42:54 Understanding EKG leads for heart regions
44:38 Understanding augmented unipolar limb leads for EKG interpretation.
48:00 Understanding the direction of movement in EKG waveforms.
49:37 Understanding the relationship between negative and positive electrodes in EKG interpretation.
53:06 Understanding different EKG leads' significance
54:43 Understanding precordial leads importance and placement on chest
58:03 Understanding the progression of the R wave and S wave in EKG leads V1 to V6.
59:41 Understanding R wave and S wave relationship in EKG interpretation
1:03:10 Understanding EKG deflections based on electrode movement
1:05:02 Understanding the progression of R wave and S wave in the precordial chest leads
1:08:24 Elevations in v5 and v6 may also be seen in avl, indicating issues with the entire lateral wall of the left ventricle.
1:10:07 EKG width and height measurements
1:13:54 Understanding the measurements of ST segments is crucial for interpreting EKGs
1:15:49 Understanding PR and QRS intervals in EKG interpretation
YOU ARE MY UNOFFICIAL MED SCHOOL PROF RIGHT NOW. I'm like whenever I don't understand anything: Don't worry, zach will save me 😅
I have never been more thankful for an education resource in my entire life! thank you so much. It's because of how clearly and wonderfully you explain things that I am able to find joy in continueing my degree!
You're truly gifted Zak.
The goal is to excel at an aspect of my life the way you excel at this.
Thank you big time
Left ventricle be thick.
Seriously, though, you’re doing such a great job. Thank you.
Currently in medic school and you have helped me sooo much in this hour alone
Same!
This man is a genius, and I wish I had this level of refinement in my thoughts; he never stumbles and remembers all the terminology and the details involved with every term or concept. Crazy.
I have been in this career for almost 8 years now, I have never seen anyone explaining ECG this way! Amazing as always!
You truly are gifted - I am so thankful you took the time to do this and that I was able to find you - I have learned more from you in about 90 minutes than I did in 5 days of old-school lectures.
Amazing! Notice how he does the entire lecture in one take. Just shows how well this guy knows the material. Excellent teacher!
I don't know why my university teachers don't teach like this. You are great, the only rescue!
7 minutes in and ive learned so much than I've ever had in my 7 hours lecture series . thank you so much
My professors could never teach as well as you do. Keep up the good work! Love you guys!!
Thank you for sharing your gift of teaching 🥰🥹 This is actually my FIRST TIME understanding EKG and I just graduated from med school 🫠 You’re better than most of my professors. May God bless you! THANK YOU. ❤
This is the best EKG lecture I have seen in my 2 decades of medical practice. well done
I remember one of my professors teaching me this with vectors in a 30 minutes lecture during clinical rotations. He was the tyrannical, but I loved him for teaching me so much. I totally forgot all about it obviously and couldn’t find such a great explanation. Thank you for this.
I have been reading EKG's for 10 years. This is by far the best presentation I have seen! You make life easier for quite a few people! Bravo! Bravo! Bravo!
It actually took me a whole semester to learn all these! This lecture is invaluable for revising! Thanks so much you are amazing at teaching!
This is the first time that I actually understood the mechanics behind ecg
Thank you so much
You’re literally a life saver
Professor Zach u and ur team are legends of all youtube, we really appreciate ur afforts, thank you so much.
You're saving my life... My cardio's exam is near n was about giving up then your vdo came out ...it was a relief man!... I would never thank you enough ❤... Thank you so much... You deserve 10M for your astonishing lectures
Amazing in medic school and this videos deserves a reward. No instructor or book explained it like this
You're just amazing at teaching. Please don't ever stop. Thank you from the bottom of my heart.
I have had several teachers in my life, but none as didactic as you. Even though it's not my language, I can learn a lot. Thank you so much for sharing this knowledge with us.
Hugs from Brazil
What an incredible lecture! I've always struggled with ECG because of the physics behind it, but now I get it! Thank you so much for really focusing on explaining the "why"s, it's essential for my learning process!
Thank you for making it so easy to understand, you don’t even know how grateful I am that I found these videos. I’ve been struggling with this for months. I can’t thank you enough!
I’m a RN student. I can’t understand what I’m being told about EKG. Now watching this, I understand. REALLY OUTSTANDING teaching.
A single word is unable to explain your efforts . I really appreciate your hard work , kindness ,
Thanku sir for making everything so easy to understand ❤️❤️❤️❤️
Zack please keep doing what you do, we need you more than anything man 😍
This is just amazing. You have just demystified ECG-basics, interpretations. Well done great teacher!
Dr. Zach, this is the best EKG lecture I have ever heard. And the best part is, it is hardly 80 min video. I tried very hard and invested so much time to learn the basics of EKG previously from various other sources but never understood it this clearly. I donno what's driving you and your team to invest so much time and energy to make all of these videos for FREE, but please keep up this good work. Thanx a lot to you and your team Dr. Zach!
never get tired of some good ekg lectures, thank you for everything you do ❤️
Thank you so much.When i find ninja nerd Videos on Difficult topics,i feel happy and don't worry anymore
Seriously , you are a lifesaver! Your teaching ability is a rare gift. I am so grateful for your well-structured classes.
I genuinely cannot thank you enough for all of your videos! You are the reason I am able to pass my anatomy and physiology tests. Thank you, thank you, thank you for taking the time and effort to explain these concepts in a way that makes sense.
one of the best videos on EKGs/ECGs I've ever seen. Thank you so much.. I recommend this clip to many students, apprentices and people who want to develop their practice, thank you :)
"That left ventricle be thicccc" 😂
OMG where have you been all of my life?!!!!! You are hands down THE BEST teacher EVER!!!!!!! Thank you so much for helping me understand EKG better than I ever thought I would!!!
Hands down the best video on ecg.....nothing can top this....5thy yr mbbs student ,went thru so many sources to understand how the ecg wave looks the way it does....none explained it the way ninja nerd hass....really appreciate ur content for us medicose
This is amazing. Thank you for breaking each part of the wave down first. This step by step drawing along with a basic understanding commentary. Thanks guys! You’re my hero!
Iso electric line explained so beautifully.and I have been saying raised ST segment for years!
Dude I am a med student in Brazil and I had a reverse class about ekg today, me and my group had to explain the exact same thing you explained in the video. I'm happy cause we did an explanation very similar to yours. Great class, love your videos, keep up the amazing work
I cant thank you enough my friend, I don't know where you learned to teach and speak through things so well but you have made this a million times more clear then any of my professors. I'm in PA school right now and am reviewing for an EKG exam, which I found to have a slight grasp on. You made complete sense of every lead and electrode and why they present how they do.
If one thing has stuck from this, it would be....
That left ventricle is THICCC.
Thanks man, you have helped me out a million times over.
This video is worth more than gold and you sir are 2 standard deviations above LEGENDARY status. Bless you!
Thank you 😮❤
You’ve made cardiology better for me. I really had a hard time understanding vectors and ecg but you made it easier.
You are literally carrying me through PA school right now. Thank you so much!
You have such a direct and crystal clear way of explaining. Its amazing. Really works for me
Not only do you give good content but, you draw the way I wish I could when I teach this. I searched to see what was out there and sharpen my own edge and I love what you're doing. It wasn't just a review of info for me. It was a review on how to teach. Please keep doing what you're doing.
Thank you. I’m not a health care professional nor do I want to be. That said, two weekends ago I was in the emergency room with shortness of breath. I didn’t know what was going on but I was diagnosed with acute bronchitis and the breathing treatment they gave me seem to work well. They gave me other prescriptions to take and sent me home. While I was in the ER they did an EKG on me and that’s why I was interested in this lecture. I did not get to see my EKG but I wish I had a copy right now so I could look at it and understand a little more about myself. Your Lectures are very helpful to people who are not in healthcare. I watched your video on the coronavirus and on the vaccines and it really helped me to make a decision to get the vaccine. So please know what your doing helps those in the know, and the rest of us who have little to no clue. Thank you again.
Amazing explanation of EKGs! You explained it in a way that makes so much sense. You're the GOAT Zach and among the greats of medical education like Dr. Sattar and Dr. Ryan!
I'm a retired healthcare IT guy. I was always fascinated by EKGs and now I know a little more. I love your videos. Thanks so much Zach!.
I have been looking for a cohesive explanation like this for weeks. This is a wonderful gift. Thank you sir.
Just got my medical doctor degree yesterday and found ur channel today. Should’ve found this channel a lot sooner, it’ll help a lot! Thanks
I watch all your ads to support you and also as a way to take a little break to absorb the info.
thank you so much for this amazing lecture!!
My goodness! I cannot express how helpful your videos are and how thankful I am to have come across your channel. I get so much from your videos than I have gotten from the awfully expensive and pointless textbooks I've read throughout my career. Seriously love this!❤
This video was far more informative and easier to follow than the older version. I learned a lot. Thank you!
wow ,im a medical student from india this really helps ,sir. Its a one stop solution to EKG.
Thank you so much for everything! This channel is a lifesaver!! 💜
Going through medic training and this is awesome, man. We appreciate you sharing Gods gifts to you with us
rewatching during my overnght shift on the floor -- but i could honestly have you teach me everything. very well spoken, well organised, groovy, and informative. not to mention educational!!!! so glad you exist! take care
I remember watching Ninja Nerd in first year of med school and I learned the EKG from the old version video, and I came in the practical prepared. My friend was completely weirded out like how the heck did you know this? Because yall taught your lessons more detailed than the lectures I got at Uni XD It was super nice to know things in detail because you really understand it. Thanks Ninja Nerd
thank you so much for this lecture on reading and interpreting 12-lead EKGs...due to COVID, we are learning online, and I am having to self-teach a lot of concepts. BUT with your NINJA help I feel like I'm not alone.
This is one of the best videos I’ve seen on reading EKGs. You truly have a gift for teaching. Thank you for sharing your knowledge!!
Starting EKG classes soon. Before watching you I struggled to understand this, and while I still don't grasp everything yet you have made it much easier to understand and way more fun than I thought it could be.
I got a huge mark in Physiology thanks to you!( having watched the old EKG videos)
Thank You for making me revise all the stuff! perfect video and the way of teaching.
This is just a blessing, I kept saying "hool' up" while things started to slowly make sense in my mind and I found that quite hard with these ECGs explanations at my uni. Thank you so much, sir!
Hey, You're incredible currently in my 2nd year of the Physical Therapy program and in the Cardiopulmonary module. Thank You soo much for making this topic clear. You are helping so many people with your detailed videos. Keep up the Fantastic Work.
This guy seriously rocks, brilliant.. thank you for helping through my para course.
Yay an updated one! Your older EKG videos got me through physiology ❤️Aced that class thanks to y’all
Sameee
I am a nurse in a heart ward in Sweden. Been working there for 2 years since i got My license. Awsome lecture! Keep up the good work. Very understandable for people that have a basic understanding of how the heart works!
The amount of Efforts put In for Preparing the White board and Explaining each and Every small part is so much detail makes this the Best EKG video out there.
Loved this: ”We all are engineers here”. 😆 As an engineer and not a doctor, I discovered in a very technical manner how the heart functions. Well done, Zach&NN!
What are the odds that you upload this awesome video when I'm struggling with ECG in my first year for the first time ever?
This is hands down the BEST ECG lecture I have been taught. Thank you so much for this !
I have to comment and let you know HOW HELPFUL THIS WAS!!!!! third year med student who was super lost and this cleared up sooooo much. THANK YOU
You did a great job Sir, your videos are so useful for me, really🤧 you won't know how much they(these vids) mean to me🙌👌
I have been learning ECG since I was in high school...trust me I never knew that it was this easy...I mean it isn't but this man made it easy...The reason my med school life is going super smooth is nina nerd
Professor zach I'm one of million of students around the world who they don't have good quality education but you make it really easy for us we are very grateful 🙏 thank so much the way you explain the Ekgs it's more then wonderful I understand every single word you said instead English is not my first language but I can understand you very well I always recommend my friends about your lectures I'm they aslo enjoying study like I do ..... next week my university will open and we are going to start with cardiovascular system 🙏🙏 thank you thank so much.
i have exams coming up and alot of studying to do, checked this video to answer a question I had which he did in the beginning. but I completed the whole video out of pure enjoyment of the lecture. and will probably check out his other videos too. may god keep this legend save. for truly he made medicine much more enjoyable for me.
Amazing! An exceptional explanation
just in time for my upcoming cardiology exam, always my guardian angel💖
you are singlehandedly responsible for training countless people to save lives. thank you so much for what you do.
Hi sir you are great tutor you teach from the deep of your heart it greatly excite me while watching ur lectures
Love you sir ❤