EMT Couplings & Connectors - RAINTIGHT, COMPRESSION, & SET-SCREW fittings for electricians

แชร์
ฝัง
  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 13 ส.ค. 2019
  • Every type of conduit has a listed approved series of connectors and couplings that are designed to be used as fittings for those specific raceways. Today we look at EMT couplings and connectors - set screw, compression, and rain-tight more specifically.
    👾🤖PRACTICE EXAMS🤖👾
    www.electricianu.com/practice...
    😎👕MERCH👕😎
    www.electricianu.com/merchandise
    📲👥SOCIALS👥📲
    Instagram - / electrician_u
    Discord - / discord
    Facebook Page - / theelectricianu
    Facebook Group - bit.ly/2tz7eQh
    TikTok - / electricianu
    COUPLINGS
    Let’s start out with couplings. A coupling is literally used to “couple” two pieces of conduit together. There are various styles of couplings, each with it’s own unique purpose that we’ll get into in this article. A coupling is the same on both sides, so there’s no right way to put it on. There are, however, some considerations that should be made when using set screw connectors for aesthetics and workability in the future.
    CONNECTORS
    Connectors look very similar to couplings but have a distinct difference. Connectors are meant to slide over the end of a piece of conduit on one side, and tighten down to the inside of a box or enclosure on the other end. You use connectors at the ends of conduit runs to land into a box. You will almost always use both couplings and connectors in every conduit run together.
    SET-SCREW
    Set-screw connectors are used indoors only. They’re not designed to withstand wet conditions, so we only use them in buildings. They work by tightening a set-screw down on the conduit once it is slid in place to keep a firm connection to the conduit. Larger sizes of couplings and connectors will have multiple set-screws that you have to use to properly secure the fitting to the conduit.
    Using set-screw style connectors and couplings is often times much quicker than using compression fittings, as all you need to do is tighten the screw down and move on.
    CONTINUE READING FULL ARTICLE AT: www.electricianu.com/podcast/...
    #emt #couplings #connectors
    --
    Subscribe - th-cam.com/users/electrician...
    IF YOU ENJOY THESE VIDEOS PLEASE SUBSCRIBE AND "LIKE" THEM ABOVE. ALSO CHECK OUT THE ELECTRICIAN U PODCAST ON ITUNES AND SPOTIFY!!

ความคิดเห็น • 168

  • @lorrainewhite8175
    @lorrainewhite8175 4 ปีที่แล้ว +11

    This was so helpful, thank you! I needed an explanation of the difference between set screw and compression fittings, and you did an excellent job of simply explaining them in a way that a non-electrical person can understand. Thank you!

  • @adamnasher944
    @adamnasher944 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you for your explain the difference of EMTconnector and coupling.
    Look forward seeing more of your video👍

  • @ChromeLuxx
    @ChromeLuxx 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Super clear and concise, brilliant!

  • @Zeus0886
    @Zeus0886 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Good stuff. I have years of being a Fire Alarm tech but only troubleshooting and programming. I need to learn more of the installation side with fittings, emt, 1900 boxes etc.

  • @PacRimElectric
    @PacRimElectric 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Awesome video, I recently became an apprentice, and my master electrician is very knowledgeable, however he has a very thick vietnamese accent and I can't always understand him, so your channel helps me out tremendously. Thank you

  • @s.moeller9543
    @s.moeller9543 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    We love you too, man. Thanks for helping us to not suck at our jobs.

  • @markloveable1
    @markloveable1 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    thanks for the info its great I learn electrical at a evening class but watching your videos I learn to buy good tools and I am hoping to be great when I get a job to do

  • @milabeaver2615
    @milabeaver2615 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks for clarifying the difference between screw and compression fittings.

  • @mansardmanor3869
    @mansardmanor3869 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Great to have a professional given good instructions, sound fire safe knowledge.
    Just watch the 4 way video, make sure you clarify that you were not working with the home run HOT.
    I saw that your fingers were all over those terminals, dead line.
    After connections made and safe did you made the line HOT.

  • @Rocksteadyxoxful
    @Rocksteadyxoxful 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Very good explanation as an Electrician I have seen many set screw couplings and connecters used outdoors which was always a no-no many years back when the code allowed EMT for outdoor use we did use the standard compression fittings which I still see some electricians use but yes EMT fittings for outdoors must be suitable and or marked rain tight.

  • @TheRubidium7
    @TheRubidium7 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I'd like to see those connectors and coupling in close up view so that I might have a better view of how its rings that come with it looks like. But I am still grateful for with you for sharing those much needed information. I am looking forward to seeing more of your videos related to electrical works.
    Thank you.

  • @anthonyyarnell2785
    @anthonyyarnell2785 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thanks, good information. Looking forward to the next lesson.

  • @dunnedom
    @dunnedom 11 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thank you. Exactly what I needed to know to hook up my generator circuit the right way.

  • @troypham
    @troypham 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks ELECTRICAL U I learned so much from your videos....

  • @jeremyrodriguez5923
    @jeremyrodriguez5923 5 ปีที่แล้ว +7

    Thanks for posting these videos! I always watch these on my break at work.

  • @nadaesfacil
    @nadaesfacil ปีที่แล้ว

    This is exactly the video I'm looking for.

  • @publicroyalty760
    @publicroyalty760 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Awesome video! Love watching your videos! Keep up the great work
    Suggestion!
    A video on wall penetration like going from inside a house to outside and your proper materials to use like an LB and why you use an LB instead of trying to bend a 90 and explaining what works best for what situations like LB, Quick 90, offset and so on

  • @G8tr1522
    @G8tr1522 5 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Can you do a video on in-wall wiring? Eg, EMT vs MC/BX, connecting to boxes, metal and wooden studs, mounting boxes, code requirements like minimum strap length, etc
    Maybe do a step-by-step from entry point to right before device installation.
    Thanks, hope to see more like this

  • @mike.3727
    @mike.3727 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Nice video thank you! Just started the trade about 3 months ago, I’m familiar with connectors and couplings but everyone always tells me to get familiar with material first, so if you could maybe make a video on some material maybe not so known that’d be awesome!

  • @sterlingferguson7234
    @sterlingferguson7234 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Giving you a shout out all the way from North Philly... thanks!!

    • @KinGIIRomE
      @KinGIIRomE 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Dirty north lol

  • @datnguyen1615
    @datnguyen1615 10 หลายเดือนก่อน

    You educated me a lot. thank you very much

  • @MarkytheSparky
    @MarkytheSparky 5 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Pretty informative for those who don’t know. Good job

    • @ElectricianU
      @ElectricianU  5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Thanks my friend, pretty basic info but there are people that want it this simple.

  • @user-do6qm5cs6k
    @user-do6qm5cs6k ปีที่แล้ว

    Very Clear and useful vedio, Thank you!

  • @Dsaints204
    @Dsaints204 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks, very informative.

  • @isaacayotte3822
    @isaacayotte3822 5 ปีที่แล้ว +12

    I'd like to see more of these material videos. Material familiarization is what a lot of us wanna-be's are looking for. Would be cool if you showed code book references as you explain usage scenarios. ;) Thank you!

  • @endeeditzl.l.c.754
    @endeeditzl.l.c.754 ปีที่แล้ว

    I just subscribed to your channel.. I have just recently started working in a warehouse for a commercial electrical company and need to learn more on these parts please do more or help me find the videos I need to learn these parts.. you're very intelligent and I need all the information you have to offer... please

  • @juliocabrera2415
    @juliocabrera2415 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    VERY GOOD YOUR VIDEO.. A LOT OF HELP FOR ME
    NEW YORK

  • @kahlil4745
    @kahlil4745 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks man! I requested this video and you put it out!! How about one on all the screws, lags, nuts and washers? sizes lengths applications...you know?....When to use stainless and when to use galvi? etc etc etc

  • @Bergarita
    @Bergarita 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Good stuff man, thanks.

  • @PBS-nm1uu
    @PBS-nm1uu 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    love all your videos please keep them coming have you done one on installing a sub panel, can't find it.

  • @richfoss2842
    @richfoss2842 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Well done!

  • @kidsun482
    @kidsun482 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Super helpful

  • @Jamesmvac
    @Jamesmvac 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    great job!!

  • @Chobucto
    @Chobucto 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks for making this vid bro

  • @richthefixer
    @richthefixer 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Very informative. Thanks

  • @glenjamindle
    @glenjamindle 5 ปีที่แล้ว +36

    Do you suppose you could incorporate code references into your presentations?

  • @misfitsman805
    @misfitsman805 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    First! Awesome videos man! Keep up the good work. Love the intro music!

  • @hugoramirez3411
    @hugoramirez3411 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thank you

  • @danielperaza2012
    @danielperaza2012 5 ปีที่แล้ว +14

    can you also cover connectors for mc, liquid tight, romex etc....

  • @dennish1919
    @dennish1919 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks BRO !!

  • @CALIFdon9898
    @CALIFdon9898 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Good info!

  • @MrLukecastillo954
    @MrLukecastillo954 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    "Thou art thee Greatest, All Powerful Electric Wizard" "Continue to cast tis spell of Knowledge on us young apprentices, Master! For I have Traveled across the Old Ruins of Low volt Cavern and climbed the highest Ladders and all of High Voltage Land! To find thee!"🧙🏾‍♂️

  • @commercialelectrician133
    @commercialelectrician133 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    great video identifie the different in where they are made like usa made fittings

  • @mrc3352
    @mrc3352 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thanks for always bringing interesting content . You have inspired me to become an electrician after months of apprenticing as a mechanic. Starting in September and hoping to one day be a wizard like you and inspire others to begin trades.

    • @ElectricianU
      @ElectricianU  5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Thanks for watching my friend! Good luck on your journey

    • @Penguin545
      @Penguin545 ปีที่แล้ว

      Mechanic turned electrician here too- how’d it work out for you 3 years later?

  • @michaelhinchey
    @michaelhinchey 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    GREAT VIDEO.

  • @tonycelestro1959
    @tonycelestro1959 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    This shit right here is the free education! Also may i add hanging outin a homedepot or Lowe's and learning the different parts.
    Please keep doing this!

  • @ghidfe
    @ghidfe 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Only ridged EMT with threaded couplings outdoors for me.

  • @josemartinez7207
    @josemartinez7207 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Keep the videos going

  • @NAMQUOCTHINH
    @NAMQUOCTHINH 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks your video. Useful for supplier for conduit EMT like us in Viet Nam

  • @thanongnet
    @thanongnet 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    please do a video on strapping options and the types of surfaces or situations to use them in

  • @zone3adk872
    @zone3adk872 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    QUESTION - Channel locks? Why wouldn't you use 2 open end wrenches of the proper size? Channel locks tend to bugger up connectors. I guess the assumption is it will never be taken apart and carrying extra tools isn't worth it? I've seen half-assed mechanics us channel locks too often, e.g. oil drain pan plugs).
    Great channel!

  • @jasonaris4340
    @jasonaris4340 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thank you. What about the PVC couplings and ends? what are examples of their applications?

  • @ScienceBitch123
    @ScienceBitch123 ปีที่แล้ว

    Could add into when to use rigid metal conduit vs EMT or just a whole thing on conduit, flexible, pvc, armored wire etc

  • @amazinggrace831
    @amazinggrace831 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Can you please go over liquid tight to EMT connectors. For example a service disconnect switch on a HVAC unit on a roof has metallic liquid tight and connects to the EMT penetrating the roof from inside the building. Thank you!

  • @dgibson6147
    @dgibson6147 ปีที่แล้ว

    Would you do a video on Myers and bonded couplers. Thanks

  • @rameshmantha1015
    @rameshmantha1015 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    One suggestion: Great if you could cover how to create a conduit run if end points are defined.

  • @zachkeranen8848
    @zachkeranen8848 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Love your videos man! I think it would be really beneficial if you did a video on Code. Interpreting/Reading the code book and using it in the field, etc.

  • @bluesolarmx
    @bluesolarmx 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    What UL do we need to look for when getting compression coupling (Rain tight)

  • @pellechi1
    @pellechi1 ปีที่แล้ว

    Informative … but I have a question …
    What is your solution to an in-ground pool light conduit that was damaged when a pool fence was installed and the drill bit punctured the conduit?
    Can the conduit be patched in place (and a new pool light installed)? Or does the conduit need to be replaced to either the underwater niche or to from the damage point to the first junction box?

  • @crsalomon01
    @crsalomon01 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Do you have to use the rubber gasket on the threaded end when it is screwed in to a rigid pull box?

  • @jamescody9982
    @jamescody9982 11 หลายเดือนก่อน

    If my access to the box is limited, can I install a 40/40 connector from inside the box? Or do I need to pull the box and press my connector in from the outside?

  • @terrybrewer1733
    @terrybrewer1733 ปีที่แล้ว

    Could you explain the use of concentric and ecentric knockouts. Please include situations where voltage is less than 250V to ground. Example: 220 V AC units with 30A or 60 A disconnects.

  • @MisterThirstee
    @MisterThirstee ปีที่แล้ว

    Quick question. With snap in fittings let's say compression to box, can these be removed once installed. I'ma have to try this feat tomorrow. Rookie mistake. Need a 90 and didn't use it. Now I have to go replace.

  • @sincityhvacr
    @sincityhvacr 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    hello what boxes do u use for bbq block wall if i want to put outlet and i want it flush inside the block

  • @andydelle4509
    @andydelle4509 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    So is it legal to use a set screw EMT to box connector outdoors if it is pointing down? Like say under an HVAC disconnect. I have heard both yes and no.

  • @rayalmendarez2076
    @rayalmendarez2076 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    New subscriber, can adhesive be used with the rain tight compressions without damaging the plastic/metal rings? thanks much

  • @frankspliff7037
    @frankspliff7037 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Do you know what the emt straps are called that offset pipe to go right into boxes? it is a 2 piece application

  • @demonderpz7937
    @demonderpz7937 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Could you please explain seal-tight and fittings for seal-tight?

  • @stesua3910
    @stesua3910 5 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Can you do a video of the types of voltage application like 208y/120

    • @ElectricianU
      @ElectricianU  5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      I plan to, but it won't be out for a little while yet. It's on the list though for sure

  • @nicholasittzes7224
    @nicholasittzes7224 ปีที่แล้ว

    Are the basic compression fittings still ok for pouring concrete?

  • @165Dash
    @165Dash 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Nice video.
    One suggestion: Go a little slower and incorporate more closeups of the parts showing them being installed.
    Thanks

  • @xjayrockx101
    @xjayrockx101 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    more materials plzzz :] THANK YOU

  • @dougfaunt5565
    @dougfaunt5565 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    I seem to find the rain tight couplings/connectors have colored ends. Is this universal? UL required? Or just handy?

  • @OGCJ10
    @OGCJ10 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Is there such thing as a Y- connector to be able to join two EMT runs into one?

  • @KY4TRK
    @KY4TRK 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Just a thought, like the others. Granted a lot of this is hand's on. Could you add nec code to you explanation of items. Also do a Q&A on the NEC code testing... Though it's a thought. There's not much out there on the web dealing with Q&A in teaching with code unless you want to pay ridiculous prices.

  • @amathonn
    @amathonn 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Do you have a video showing them being installed?

  • @brandenedwards3288
    @brandenedwards3288 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Is there anyway you can do a video on PLCs

  • @mrtaktiks
    @mrtaktiks 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hi Dustin, what I have is/are 2 pre-existing straight-shot junction boxes that I need to join with a straight (or not) section of EMT only 4 feet apart. I do not know of a non-internally threaded 1/2" galvanized pipe-like "union" which would allow me the clearance to fully seat both ends of the EMT into the straight-shot opposing junction box fittings, so what is a solution as you cannot bend the EMT to make the ends fit--or can you? Or is there such a thing as a compression fitting without internal detents/stops/dimples so I could slip the compression fitting over and beyond the end of the 1/2" EMT conduit, install on one side and then slide conduit back through into the opposing fitting?
    Thanks, Norm

  • @ronbonick4265
    @ronbonick4265 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    How about which boxs to use with water tight fittings? regular metal boxes arent used ... also what about condensation? metal sweats..

  • @Nick-vf3wf
    @Nick-vf3wf 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    I just installed weather proof compression couplings and connectors on 1/2" emt for outdoor lighting

    • @brianhulben7905
      @brianhulben7905 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Emt should not be used in a wet or damp location... hw or rigid should be used. Watch the video

    • @Nick-vf3wf
      @Nick-vf3wf 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@brianhulben7905 not true. Seen so many jobs now w EMT outdoors lol

    • @Nick-vf3wf
      @Nick-vf3wf 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@brianhulben7905 provide a code reference

    • @brianhulben7905
      @brianhulben7905 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Just because you have seen it does not make it ok

    • @brianhulben7905
      @brianhulben7905 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Is there a way to provide pics of the code book to you? Unless it is covered w a supplementary corrosion protection it is not permitted

  • @accordfreak1
    @accordfreak1 ปีที่แล้ว

    can i used a rain tight fitting on a pull elbow?

  • @banderson5676
    @banderson5676 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Rigdid vs EMT too. Different sizes.

  • @marklopez1256
    @marklopez1256 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks bud . Have a buddy at work that needs this bad lol jMan was chewing his ass today lol

  • @leonelsansores4823
    @leonelsansores4823 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    What's the most cost-effective brand for raintight connectors? i find crouse hinds eaton very expensive.

  • @lpfink
    @lpfink 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    What type of EMT connector(s) make adding a straight length of EMT between 2 existing boxes possible? They are outdoor as well.

  • @brentbeatty4171
    @brentbeatty4171 10 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Liquidtite is to be ran below the frost line?

  • @user-yf8wb7qs6d
    @user-yf8wb7qs6d 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Good video. How about enbeded in concrete, what type of coupling or connector required for the situation?
    Here in Canada steel type (no aluminum) EMT allowed in concrete, but do we need compression coupling or just regular screw type one?

    • @SupperDadder
      @SupperDadder 5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Do not put emt underground or in concrete it will corrode

    • @mansardmanor3869
      @mansardmanor3869 5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Underground & in Concrete use Grey electrical PVC PIPES and use the glue. Don't use above ground more than 8"in.
      connect to a box and switch materials, if needed.

  • @HillbillyRednecking
    @HillbillyRednecking 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    It’s mainly capillary action that makes couplings like that leak

  • @BBQPitmaster626
    @BBQPitmaster626 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Are their connectors that allow you to go from let say, liquid tight to UF cable? Like if you were to run UF cable underground and then come up with liquid tight to go into a receptacle box?

    • @feyrband
      @feyrband 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      At HD they have Halex Service Entrance (SE) Water tight Conduit Connectors

  • @KevinCoop1
    @KevinCoop1 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Dustin, I guarantee to you that UL did not come up with the raintight couplings being required. A manufacturer made one patented it then went to UL to get approved and changes made. It's all about the money! The videos you are doing are perfect for most people as they have little experience. My very first electrical class in the 80's was materials classes! You are doing extremely well! Respectfully, Kevin

  • @spyderx92
    @spyderx92 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Some inspector want to see rain-tight (Myers hub) between conduit connector and the box .. why is that it rain tight connector?

  • @jondimanlig9652
    @jondimanlig9652 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Nice info.." but I think you forgot to include those used for explosion proof or hazardous environment...

    • @ElectricianU
      @ElectricianU  5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      You're right, I'll do another one to hit that thank you!

  • @mike.3727
    @mike.3727 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    You should make a video on how commercial construction and residential construction are similar, yet different. I know you made a video on your other channel i believe on explaining what they are, but I’m talking about like how panels differentiate, material, if wiring is different, etc. I’ve always wanted to learn residential, all I’ve heard was it’s different but also very similar to commercial. Idk just a thought.

  • @anthonyglynn803
    @anthonyglynn803 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Can you do a video on calculating how many recess lights per sq feet

    • @wim0104
      @wim0104 5 ปีที่แล้ว

      aka lumens per sqft for different environments, ceiling height also comes into play

    • @vicentevillacorta101
      @vicentevillacorta101 5 ปีที่แล้ว

      If you buy the LED lights from: BriteLEDLighting.com
      you can ask for a nice lady her name is Marilyn at Phone# (786) 370-6160 she can tell you how many LED's you need (you just have to provide the dimensions of the room,or area if its outside)

  • @jonathantatler
    @jonathantatler 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    How are we supposed to see those things this far away?
    Maybe a close-up!

  • @Caniksigboy
    @Caniksigboy 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    What happened to the change overs, 90 connectors

  • @danielswinger2986
    @danielswinger2986 ปีที่แล้ว

    So will EMT couplers rust?

  • @footnotedrummer
    @footnotedrummer 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Question... if you have an "exposed" wire coming down the back side of a wall without drywall on one side. Do you technically have to put the Romex in conduit? I think the answer is yes. However... as the wire reaches the ceiling... how do you safely exit the conduit? I don't think the wire should simply exit the tube without some form on anti-chaffing nipple, but I've not seen anything like this. Do I simply allow the wire to exit the tube, and run the risk of cutting the sheathing off of the Romex at the tube cut location of my conduit?

    • @Michael-js6gp
      @Michael-js6gp ปีที่แล้ว +1

      NEC 300.16(A) provides that a box, conduit body, or terminal fitting with bushing shall be used whenever there is a transition from conduit, EMT, or other raceway to open wiring.

  • @natetizzo771
    @natetizzo771 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Bro you going to kill the game mike got competition and you also need different angles for your cameras cuz we can zoom in or see details on what you're talking about you know how it is

    • @ElectricianU
      @ElectricianU  5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Thanks my dude, I don't think I can even touch the quality of Mike's stuff. He's got great content, and a killer team of allstars around him who constantly put out amazing shit. I appreciate the compliment though my dude! I'll try to work in another camera angle, that's a great suggestion thank you.

  • @thedavesofourlives1
    @thedavesofourlives1 ปีที่แล้ว

    What about teck 90/fmc?