How to Make Low Pressures with a Capillary tube
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 20 ส.ค. 2024
- In this video I show you how capillaries can decrease the pressure in a liquid well below an absolute vacuum if they are small enough
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If I were to be serious for once, I just wanted to say that your video ideas are always creative and fascinating.
Why are you here
oh it's you
Mumbo is also is missing his Original moustache
where's your brother
👋👋👋👋👋
I have a feeling that he's slowly revealing his superpowers...
yes
I must say that lower pressure sucks.
I am a strong man.
but that thing
( *James's un-even mustache* )
it scares me.
Okay, so I'm not the only one who noticed that.
Hey! He can’t go to the barbers okay
My handle bars screamed when I saw that
Because it's not a moustache, it's what's controlling the main body you know as 'James'
well, the meniscus are formed due to the adhesion forces and the surfacw tension of the liquid, which it was mentioned in the later part
but when the meniscus was mentioned first time( in case of the capillary tube), it is not due to the pressure difference but due to same reasons stated above
that's why water will always form a conclave meniscus with glass containers irrespective of any pressure difference
exactly what I'm thinking
And mercury forms convex
But again the minscus has that shape becuase of pascals law that force acting is perpendicular to fluids
am I the only one who feels like he repeats himself on every point like 5 times
That's how he makes sure everyone understands, even the people who consider themselves unexperienced at the topic at hand.
He's definitely teaching! And your definitely observant 😎
That just reinforces any un-sure viewers knowledge on the subject
It helps to grasp the points better.
longer videos get more money
Have you tried filling it until the capillary tube overflows but attaching another tube that feeds the overflow back into the large fill chamber. Would that cause a constant motion of it flowing into the fill chamber as it is pulled through the overflow tube via gravity and vaccum and capillary action forces all working in unison?
wow that kind of blew my mind, now i must bother my prof during office hours and see what he says
Next video:
"Honey! Now the neighbour is drinking from a ten meter long straw!"
i think its surface tension, not pressure
Finally, to understand capillary better than just theory from our SCHOOL teachers
This one was a proper explanation, finally. 👍
Actually it was a very poor depiction of what really happens, the term relative pressure is only relative, and the entire explanation was lacking.
I think Veratasium made a video for trees and negative pressure. Very cool.
If you kept pouring it would the small tube overflow? If so could you run it back into the big tube and have a perpetual machine?
Finally
first
@@cghouI nobody cares
@@TurboZarya lmao
@@TurboZarya I don't remember asking you if you care
@Jaxson Hughes thx
Just know that unfortunately, a straw cannot be longer than 30 feet. My dreams have been killed.
it can if there's already water inside of it since the beginning like how trees work although that means you d akready have water in your mouth so.....
edit: oh it was already mentioned in the video
@@mpred8606, no... doesn't work... After about ten meters, whatever force you use to suck in, the liquid will not go up.
It sounds like the ten meters is only a vertical limit.
@@mpred8606 Nope. Around 30' is the limit of water head at sea level. Doesn't matter if there's more than 30' water in the tube or you have a mouth full of water before you raise it vertical, air pressure can only support a column of water around 30' high and so it would fall leaving a partial vacuum above it.
Capilliary action is a force generated between the liquid and the tube wall, surface tension limits the height the liquid can rise and the greater the diameter of the tube the less the surface tension can support a column of liquid under it. No negative atmospheric pressure there.
@@alexandrudanciu7874 no I mean it wont work what I am saying is how like the trees from beggineng bassicaly have straws that get longer and longer it doesn't get stuck at 10m because there's no air ti cause tha liquid inside to boil its bassicaly in a super vaccum
flatearthers : " THIS IS CGI! WATER ALWAYS FINDS ITS LEVEL!"
He really should start another channel where he teaches actually interesting chemistry and/or physics classes for high school students
Pressure is an emergent phenomena where molecules randomly colliding into one another at a microscopic scale. The natural question to ask is, what's going on at the microscopic scale for the negative pressure?
The answer depends on your fundamental understanding of the term negative pressure, if it is understood as relative negative pressure then its essentially particles colliding just less frequently and with less kinetic energy compared to its surroundings. However if understood as negative pressure then unfortunately no such thing had been proven to exist.
@@asemhisham3507 wht about negative volume
@@asemhisham3507 Theoretically, it may be possible in the realm of statistical thermodynamics, but only extremely locally and not at all on any macro scale. The caveat is however that the probability is so low as to be non-considerable. Thought conundrum: if all the molecules gather to one portion of a volume could the pressure elsewhere be less than what exists between the molecules natively? Of course, though, the question has no meaning.
Negative pressure means tension instead of compression. Of course you can’t have a negative force. The force is acting in the opposite direction, but since we use the word pressure to typically mean push instead of pull, it’s technically correct to say negative pressure.
Awesome!
As a kid I loved the Egyptian water level. As an adult I used it for a massive decking project to set all the uprights in concrete.
It would be cool if the Egyptians actually used that type of levelling system. It might well explain a thing or two. 🇦🇺🤜🏼🤛🏼🇦🇺🤓🐇🍀
try Rain-x, make your glass surface hydrophobic, redo experiment, measure differential coefficient of friction via your change in miniscus... You get the drift.
Hi action lab 👋 i liv ur vids .. ur my inspiration and bcuz of u I was interested in science..U were the reason I decided to become an astrophysicist Im stil 15 tho... Hope u read and comment this(comment optional) Btw it says actionlab is closed! On ur store.. I really want to buy some stuff so can u open it again ... I am from India.
Salute and hatsoff to u 😎😎😁😁😁😁😁👏👏👏👏👌👌👌
The flat earthers should watch this, just so that they can see that water finds separate levels.
I can already see it: you have not thought about your comment properly. pity. look back and go to nature and see why it is possible what you see. because you think you can see but you only see what you want to see.. I do no reply.
Read my mind.
Flat earther's have already done their own experiments to prove the earth is round and have thrown out their own evidence. While this is a great proof against their argument, sadly they are doing science backwards. They already have their answer, now they need to find evidence to support it.
Anyone wondering what if the thin glass were bent & poured into the big one?
I was waiting for someone to say that
Make enough of them connect together to form a drip that can fall!!!!!!
Me too, but i think the capillar effect and surface tension would hold the drop together, so it can't drop. The force that is needed to overcome the effect will cancel out the gain of potential energy from the water height difference. But its only a guess. ^^
@@melonenlord2723 Either way, it's definitely impossible, at least infinitely, as that would be over 100% efficiency, and we'd be using it for free energy.
@@jordanbwalt humans know very little about the world around us, yet we are so arrogant we make up 'rules' that prevent others from questioning
what is exactly adhesive force
Love it :)
Wondering about the effect if the contraption was made of a hydrophobic material. I think it might be the opposite (?)
Instead of glass, if you used a more hydrophilic material for the tubing (e.g. wood) would it pull the water up more? The reason I ask that is because the interface between water and any other material always creates a type of meniscus of some thickness which varies in size depending on how hydrophobic or hydrophilic the material is. The meniscus doesn't just happen between water and air although by definition the interface between water and air is given the term 'meniscus.' I'd be curious to see this experiment repeated with wooden tubing. :)
So if the capillary force makes the water level rise higher than the other water level what keeps you from flowing the water from the capillary tube to the other one to get perpetual motion?
Got this question when as a kid, no teacher or anyone answers me why, first time got the answers here, sounds new and right to me.
Thank you.
Bending the capillary will make some running
Or siphoning will give some motion once it's starting
Try this
This is the same principle used to create the "lighter-than-air" material known as Aerogel. Basically, it starts as just a block of amalgam, until the liquid is evaporated from the voids. Once the evaporation has taken place, the voids are so small, the air pressure within the matrix left behind is of a lower pressure (amd subsequently less mass) than the surrounding air... so the matrix itself actually 'weighs' less than than sum of its true mass.
5:36 " absolute relative pressure "😅
I missed that first time well caught!
Water displays apparent "antigravity" properties all the time. Just think blotting paper or a drop of water hanging from a tap. Nothing to do with air pressures at all but just reminding us that molecular attractive forces can be much stronger than gravity. Air pressure is only relevant if we try to draw water up a pipe that is not open ended. As far as very tall trees are concerned I'm sure I read somewhere the extra lift beyond capilliary action and evaporative "suction" is achieved through a series of open and closed valves in the trees structure.
I love your vacuum experiments and watch them regularly. Can you try this in your vacuum chamber - I'm keen to see the results.
Hey, nice video again, I like your channel for so long. Some people from abroad US can't fully understand you, and subtitles aren't very accurate, so when you mention the inspiration for your videos, like veritasium in this one, or Tom Scott in the last week "video about lasers" , some people won't really realize it. It would seem more fair to put a link in the screen. Thanks
That's a nice detail about the redwood trees and explains why they grow only in coastal regions and why they are so large in California where the mist off the ocean travels inland so far.
Thank, now i know how make below 0 absolute presure vacum
What if I cut the 2nd tube (highest)
A little bit below it's highest water level so it starts to flow out and connect it back such that it flows to the 1st tube (biggest)
Would that mean it would keep flowing?
with all the negative comments that exist on TH-cam, here is a positive one for you.
You are awesome!
Now make a perpetual motion flow of liquid using capillary action!
It'll level out eventually no matter how hard you try
@@linecraftman3907 perpetual motion is impossible, It was a little humor.
Perpetual motion ? see the test :
the liquide stop to mount...
th-cam.com/video/Zj2cfihDrpU/w-d-xo.html
@@stomoxe1 i don't get it. can you explain?
8:10 he has an uneven mustache🤪
I read somewhere that if a particle has negative pressure then it produces reverse gravity. Supposedly dark energy
Is it true?
maybe as ANYTHING in science is possible but i highly doubt it as reverse gravity doesn't exist that sounds just electromagnetic repulsion for particle that does exist
I have another question if objescts with mass always attracts each other with gravity how does the slingshot technique works or when in simulations a star will sometines kick something out of the system
@@mpred8606 momentum is a thing I guess😂
@@guy_in_ashopping_cart-sfs967 we never know man
@@mpred8606 i will answer you when i wake up its like 2:00AM here
Thanks for dyeing the water!
After launching i was like, wait, didnt veritasium cover this?
Great video !
As I watched it, I kept thinking of veritas' tree video. Your explanation is simpler but better. Well done!
i love this presentation of yours showing the capillary action phenomenon.
This was one of your best videos man. Thanks for posting!
Another great informative video and, THANKS for no distracting background music.
Wonderful analogy
Try the same experiment but using tubes made of teflon or some other hydrophobic material.
Scientist: publishes law of science
Action lab:im About to end this man's whole career
Archlyn 186 I can’t say how accurate this is
What happens when the glass in a capillary is coated in a hydrophobic material? The capillary effect would not longer work, correct? If that is the case, then materials that are more hydrophilic than glass should produce an even more dramatic effect?
*He knows how get much views* (lol)
Me: *Watching in my recommended*
The Actionlab: *How Make A Pressure Lower Than Absolute Zero Vacuum*
me: HMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM..THE THE TITLE VERY TASTY
And thats how i got here
That part about redwood trees was so cool! I had no idea.
Can u make a infinity water loop with this stuff
Loved this video, loved the veritasium video as well, thanks dude.
@The Action Lab Wow cool thanks! After I first learned about hydrostatic pressure, it always bothered me how water could push down on the water below while adhering to the side in extremely thin tubes. This explains that quite nicely!
Hello!! Great video!!
The shape of the meniscus is caused by the wetting angle or the hydrophilicity of the glass capillary. With mercury the contact angle would be much larger.
This is The Action Lab’s most controversial video for sure
By embracing the dark side of the force
Awesome video!!!
Keep continue
And most importartly...
Stay safe
I want you to just take a moment and think about the two words “negative pressure”
@G Guest Although this video showed that absolute pressure can in fact be negative. A solid under tension or a liquid that is also under tension but not allowed to cavitate are examples of negative absolute pressure.
@@coolguy284_2 I'm not at all sure that pressure in a fixed lattice has any meaning.
@@coolguy284_2 I believe you're confusing pressure, a scalar that exists at a point and acts normal to surfaces, with stress, a vector that has magnitude and direction. It's a common mistake because they both have units of Force per Area. But whereas a negative stress makes perfect sense, negative pressure (in an absolute sense) simply does not.
@@paulk5670 I'm just referring to negative pressure the same way some people would think of negative speed, going backwards to the expected direction. The same way people talk about negative relative pressure (outside greater than inside), you can talk about negative absolute pressure (outside greater than inside but outside == 0). Even if it's a mistake, it has one and only one obvious interpretation, and since people already talk about negative relative pressure, it shouldn't be too much of an issue to talk about negative absolute pressure instead.
@@coolguy284_2 Except that you're missing the importance of the word 'absolute' in terms of pressure.
Pressure is an emergent phenomenon from the random motion of molecules, same as temperature. Absolute pressure means you're starting the scale from no pressure at all. (as opposed to gauge pressure, which typically starts the scale based on the local air pressure being 0psig, approximately =14.7psia at sea level)
Just as it makes no sense to have a negative absolute temperature, so too it makes no sense to have negative absolute pressure. Or negative volume for that matter.
The ideal gas law relates these quantities: PV=nRT. You can have changes in values that are negative but none of them can actually be negative in and of themselves.
How do you get colder than atoms not moving? How do you get a lower pressure than atoms not exerting any force? How do you have a volume smaller than zero? How do you have less than zero atoms? In short, you can't. (R is just a constant that makes the units work out so its value is what it is).
wow way cool, good thing straws aren't that long :)
Talking about negative pressure (omitting the RELATIVE) will get flat earthers pumping!
Hey, you forgot a 'to' in the title
Nice catch, my brain literally filled in the to for me and I didn't notice.
yes
@@nayankondapalli1075 Same.
@@StevenAlexander44 the repeated ??
I feel like he did it purposefully for some video later xD
I have a question, if a black hole suck into it everything with mass, and if you placed a small black hole a question, if a black hole suck into it everything with mass, and if you placed a small black hole on earth it would suck in the earth as well as the air since it has mass, if it did what would be left except for the black hole if everything got sucked in?
The force is strong in this one
Would like to see this device in the vacuum chamber?
Will not change a thing.
If he can do this at home
Imagine what he can do in a laboratory
I’m so sad that you don’t make a lot of videos I just find them so fascinating
Depending upon the size of the tube will yield the pressure of the liquid! The larger the tube, the lower the pressure. The smaller the tube, the higher the pressure! Ranging from small to large in the tubes would be 2, 3,4, then 1, being the largest in size and 2 being the smallest, not counting the horizontal chamber connecting the vertical tubes! If the tubes were equal in size, then the pressure would be evenly distributed!
This is one of you most fascinating videos. (I never realized how geeky I was).
HUH. So... ever- flowing heron's fountain may be possible? maybe if the smallest tube was curved to feed into the big fountain it would flow on its own until it evaporates?
Ever hear of capillary action? It is part of what makes the level difference. Also, the shape of the balloon in the cylinder is mainly due to the material properties of the balloon envelope (not the fluid inside the balloon) and tension whereas the meniscus shape has everything to do with the fluid properties. Therefore the analogy is extremely flawed to the point of being false.
Although the pressures have something to do with the height of the column, the more predominant effect is from gravity and density. Any fluid that is sucked to a height that exceeds that which corresponds to the sum of the ambient and suction source pressures has not been sucked there - it has been pumped.
I'm not sure which school you attended, but any scientific quantity labeled absolute is pretty much the point from which any measurement can start. Thus pressure or temperature etc. less than absolute zero has no meaning in this physical universe. And that holds even for substances that cannot endure a tensile force.
Garbage video.
This is exactly what I was thinking for the whole video, he ignored capillary action and the water to surface attraction which is what actually leads to the an uplifted meniscus at the edges. I like action lab but this is was disappointing
Yer agreed - it’s just a function of surface tension and the adhesive forces between the glass and the liquid.
Complete nonsense - sorry dude, usually really enjoy your videos but this one’s wrong
Guys guys calm down most of his videos are for kids who don’t understand capillary action
hey come on, he started talking about capillary action, he is just very slow in his explanations becuase his main audience is not supposed to be on point with maths, physics or common sense.
@@iliya-malecki Granted he did mention it, but almost dismissively not as THE cause of the height difference. What he did, and the way he did it, made it seem like a magical observance, and in this he is not unlike a shaman.
Another glaring problem is his implication that the pressure at the bottom of each tube is different. It is not - that would be physically nonsense and take some actual magic. The portion of the column above the bottom of the meniscus is held there and established by surface tension and adhesive forces. The bottoms of the meniscii are at the same level.
It only makes it worse that this is targeted at those without sound understanding of physical fundamentals. It presents error as fact. It would be better to say nothing than lead impressionable minds astray.
I stand by my original assessment of this video.
of course my mind immediately wants to know if you can make the skinny path pour back in to the large one perpetually =P
my new science teacher while on quarantine 😂😂
Be very careful accepting what's shown here without a critical mind. As has been pointed out elsewhere there are fundamental flaws in the explanation.
Just amazing example 👌🏻
Awesome explanation ♥️👏👏👏
Very informative video, thanks. Do you have time to answer a question for me? I have a small vessel filled with water. A thin tube (1.5mm inner diameter) hangs an arbitrary distance below the surface and the top is attached to a valve that allows me to release ink into the water. When the valve is open, ink flows freely. When I close the valve, a vacuum is created at the top of the tube, so the flow of ink stops. However, through what I assume is capillary action, water from the vessel is pulled into the tube, apparently displacing ink, which then leaks into the vessel. This continues until all of the ink in the tube has leaked out. My question is, is there any way to prevent this leakage from happening? I cannot change the viscosity of either the ink or the water. The tube could be modified if that would help, but not to the extent of using a much larger diameter tube.
I hope you find this question interesting and I'd be most appreciative if you can answer it. Thanks very much!
Woo super nice experiment
This makes me want to believe perpetual power is possible. If only thermal dynamics stayed out of the way.
For the first time in my life... I'm early?
same dude
Will try this on IIT aspirants.... at least it woul reduce some stress on them.
I believe the action what you are saying is totally different I believe this has to do with the volume of water rather than the capillary action and other forces. We all know that when the water water body is connected by a pipe it balances out in equal pressure. in case of the equal pressure exerted over the surface area the capillary tube has the least surface area which means more pressure over the least surface area this cause liquid rises up above the atmospheric pressure line stated by the original reserve line. I think it is the reason behind this experiment.
Interesting content as always. Thumbs UP.
Can absolute vacuum exist?
Absolute vacuum means no subatomic particles too.
In trees not only the capillary force that help in taking above but the adhesive force also helps in that
Doesn’t that mean you could make a infinite loop of water buy having the thin tube of water pour into the large tube of water if not why
No, the thin tube may have a higher water level, but if you break a hole in the top(so water falls out) the water will just rise till that hole and no further.
This is because what he explains to be negative pressure is just cohesive/adhesive forces which only work if there is a wall next to it
This is also how plants/trees can push water from the ground up to their leaves with very little energy
This seems like it’s borderline hovering in the realm of a perpetual motion machine. If the capillary tube, which has the highest elevation could somehow be directed back to the wider source tube. I’m guessing there is something in the physics about that distance you mention, especially showing how it retained that distance in the capillary tube after draining it. Just a thought, if the capillary tube had bends in it, would the liquid travel the same distance, or match the height from the previous experiment?
Can perpetual motion be used using this method?
The only useful thing I got from this video is that it reminded me to water my house plant. Thanks!
Can you make this way water to flow continuously? Like including fabrick to suck water and drop it in a larger section?
Please upload a video of stress strain curve doing an experiment ....
I wonder what would happen/ what it would look like if the inner walls of the glass had some kind of a hydrophobic coating on them and you tried this...🧐
What if you mix the capillary effect with "polyethylene oxide" (the self pouring liquid)?
Meniscus are related to intermolecular forces between vessel and fluid... Cohesive interaction
Incorrect interpretation dude, pressure on top of liquid surface is same in each tube and is equal to atmospheric pressure. Equal height means equal pressure is not a law of physics, it is a generalization of law of motion.
Magic is undiscovered science
I was about to say this reminds me of Veritasium's video, and you mentioned it
Hey Action Lab, one topic i know that's highly debated is how to clean a vinyl record. Some argue expensive machines, and others argue good ol' elbow grease. Think you can put this question to rest? How can we effectively clean a filthy record???
Cool video!
Can u make a soda tast like water?
Water u can soda make a taste?