Recording multiple cameras simultaneously on a Mac

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 15 ต.ค. 2024

ความคิดเห็น • 151

  • @jasonsewhoy3229
    @jasonsewhoy3229 3 ปีที่แล้ว +19

    Half way through I'd nearly lost all hope. Love that this doesn't require fancy software. Genius dude, thanks for sharing.

  • @framewavemedia4831
    @framewavemedia4831 2 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    The duplication of Quicktime is a great hack that I wasn't aware of until now. Thank you for that. This allows me to use a MacBook as a really high quality multi cam monitor when paired with a couple Camlinks. Ctrl+tab and you can easily toggle between your two angles. Also, it appears you can also just hit record on your angles and get ProRes 422 external recordings which is basically like having an external recorder and multicam monitor in one. Super useful on set!

  • @NerdStoreGalore
    @NerdStoreGalore ปีที่แล้ว +5

    ive been trying to figure out how to record multiple webcams on Mac for weeks now. everything and I mean literally EVERYTHING on TH-cam and the internet is way to complicated and takes up too much GPU. This video is amazing, I can't believe how easy it is to do. Genius. Thanks so much for this!!!

  • @JohnPaulMusicUK
    @JohnPaulMusicUK 2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Thank you for this - 🙏 🙏 🙏
    I have only just found your video and I was able to setup 4 QuickTimes/cameras on a 14” M1 Pro 10 core.
    The mac’s own internal camera, an OBSBOT Tiny 1080, an iPad Pro screen recording and a Sony zv-e10 and the m1 pro was chugging along at 35% cpu with ZERO fan!!
    This is a game changer especially during warm weathers when the DSLR is getting overheated every 30-40 mins recording to its own SD card!
    I’ve just gotta keep an eye on the file sizes as only have 1tb as the Mac is really meant for music production, not filming.
    Then i can just airdrop to my ipad for editing in LumaFusion. Amazing. Thank you so much!

    • @velanche
      @velanche 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Hey there! I watched some of your videos before and they are great. You posting is gold for me. I plan to return to creating TH-cam videos soon, but OBS has a terrible lag with a switcher that I'm using and I can't seem to get rid of it. Though I do believe that using the switcher with QuickTime Player is going to solve this problem, the switcher can only do 1080p....fine for music livestreams, but for TH-cam content I want more. Good to know that you're able to work with the multiple devices you got. I have two Sony ZV-1 cameras and an iPhone 13. I also have an M1 MacBook Pro (M1 Max), so glad that the CPU load seems stable. Again, appreciate the info, as well as the video itself!

    • @keepitdialed
      @keepitdialed ปีที่แล้ว

      @@velanche hey velanche, did you end up trying this yourself? I've been wanting to know how many cameras the m1's can support and at what resolution. If you can share any details/specs i'd appreciate it!

  • @safetyhomeloans950
    @safetyhomeloans950 10 หลายเดือนก่อน

    your one of the few that is able to pull off "the teleprompter" execution quite well. well done sir.

  • @ilovethissomuch
    @ilovethissomuch 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    You changed my life with that Quicktime app duplicate tip! It works for other apps I've wanted to run multiple instances of and searches either were a dead end or involved running a command line script every time. Thanks so much!

  • @TheCebulon
    @TheCebulon 11 หลายเดือนก่อน

    THANK YOU.
    Finally found the (best) solution.
    That is an awesome idea to do multiple camera angles at the same time.
    Having the same audio source makes sync easy.

  • @nofameg7015
    @nofameg7015 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I almost LOST MY MIND trying to find a way to record simultaneously on Mac and using iPhone as a secondary cam... while this doesn't help with streaming.. I have an alternative to having to having to record multiple times the same thing in one sitting. THANK YOU SO MUCH !!!

  • @killpoe
    @killpoe 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    You've single handedly saved my day sir. I'm in science and need to record multiple angles on one video file for algorithmic segmentation later. OBS solves this problem in such a perfect way! Thank you. I've been looking for weeks. Don't know why OBS isn't more widely known/advertised. Thank you thank you thank you

  • @Bryanegreenlee
    @Bryanegreenlee ปีที่แล้ว

    I stumbled across this video and I was amazed at this multi camera process! I can’t wait to get back to the studio to try this out! I have multiple iPhones and I’m excited about adding this to my workflow. Thank you for sharing!

  • @Wethemovement01
    @Wethemovement01 ปีที่แล้ว

    This was fantastic! OBS had me stressing over everything it took to do multi cam recordings saving in different files to clip and edit later. This video was PERFECT! Thanks for sharing!

  • @BenBaileyComedy
    @BenBaileyComedy 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    This is a great video- very helpful. Thx! what are you system specs? how much RAM?

  • @TheOkonovs
    @TheOkonovs 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Actually there is no need to duplicate QuickTime in Applications folder. Using terminal you can launch multiple instances by typing in each separate terminal tab /System/Applications/QuickTime\ Player.app/Contents/MacOS/QuickTime\ Player

  • @SDNTechForum
    @SDNTechForum ปีที่แล้ว +2

    At 2:47 right click and duplicate. I do not see that option in my MAC. Can anyone else watching this video confirm if they can see it at their side?

  • @JillRhoads
    @JillRhoads ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Have they changed allowing you to duplicate apps in the applications or am I just a mac noob? I can't get the OS to allow me to duplicate Quicktime....

  • @god0t
    @god0t 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Damn! You just saved me some money. I am looking for a setup for weeks now but the Atem Mini was too expensive for me. I have a ZV-E10 that runs as a webcam and two old iphones that are able to shoot in 4k. Thanks too you I can now just use my iphones as Webcams with the Shoot App! Saved me tons of money.. too bad I already bought all the USB-C to HDMI and Lightning to HDMI adapters but.. at least this will work now! Thanks so much! I will try that immediately

  • @kevinsuttonmusic
    @kevinsuttonmusic 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    2:10 was the answer I desperately needed today.
    Thank you Thank You Thank You!
    College assignment disaster averted thanks to you!
    Jeff, my heart felt thanks man!
    You're a legend

    • @JeffGeerling
      @JeffGeerling  3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Nice! Glad I could help :)

  • @cristianmarquezrusso4744
    @cristianmarquezrusso4744 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Great video! Just wondering why are u creating multiple copies of QT. I am doing pretty much the same: One QT rec for the mic, another one for the Screen, a 3rd instance for the camera and my ipad using the native screen capture. All of these with the same binary: just opening QT multiple times. Thanks for sharing! :)

  • @shawnrosspeters
    @shawnrosspeters 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Awesome video. How/where are you recording the audio? Is your mic connected to your Mac and each Quicktime instance is also using that same audio input? What if you have two people, each with their own mic, in the video? How would you be sure to record the audio streams of each in sync with the Quicktime videos?

  • @lakshya04
    @lakshya04 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    with Sonoma dev version its not allowing me to duplicate instance
    any work around

  • @jeremyjepma5618
    @jeremyjepma5618 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    How are your camera's connected to your Macbook? With HDMI? I would like to connect multiple camera's with the possibility of shooting in 4k? You use a splitter?
    Your microphones connected to your Mac as well? Any advice on how to connect 3 wireless microphones to a Mac and record from there?

  • @leephillips4893
    @leephillips4893 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    I just tried to do The Quicktime trick but My Mac wouldn't allow it.. Any reason why?

  • @Soaresbruh
    @Soaresbruh ปีที่แล้ว +4

    unfortunately not working on New MACs (silicon-M1) 😮‍💨

  • @NatGreenOnline
    @NatGreenOnline 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I have an M1 Mac Mini and am looking to start a podcast recording with 2 webcams (InstaLink 360 Link and consider buying a DJI Osmo 3).
    Would the M1 be enough to handle this?

  • @joobuzz
    @joobuzz 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    How do you connect all three webcams? Do you have a dock? I’m considering a Mac mini m1 setup for my church streaming, but I need to know if a dock connected to the one thunderbolt 3 port can support multiple webcams. I think each webcam needs its own usb controller and with the limited number of ports on the Mac mini I’m concerned it won’t work

  • @RehmatAmin
    @RehmatAmin 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Can we upload same video recorded by different devices at different angles on youtube?

  • @stevenbennett249
    @stevenbennett249 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Oh my gosh!! Thank you for sharing this!! I've been wrestling with this issue for months. Thank you!!!

  • @johanleroy1935
    @johanleroy1935 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Hello,
    I have a problem when I start the second app "QuickTime" : "The operation could not be performed". Can someone help me ?

  • @KennethGoh
    @KennethGoh 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you for sharing. Am looking to connect 2 Sony cameras with a rode wireless microphone or Atx microphone together with my Logitech webcam. Ie: 3 video sources and 1 audio source.

  • @CyclingInTheAlps
    @CyclingInTheAlps 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    thanks for this - I have been trying all day to get my goPro 9 to work with quicktime and I've just got it to work now by duplicating quicktime and having both quicktimes open at once. This is the only way I can get the GoPro to show in the drop down

  • @dc37009
    @dc37009 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    OBS will capture multi streams, your obs blog ref was 2016 (here in the future everything's fine).
    Please update, so people don't needlessly jump thru these hoops !
    Great videos BTW, the one about your studio was outstanding !!! ~still liked and subD : )

  • @portersblackboard
    @portersblackboard 17 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Wow!! I know this video is 4 years old. I have been considering purchasing the newly released Rodcaster Video and was trying to figure out how to record ISO. This might just save me from rushing into a spending money that I don't presently have.

  • @pvdn77
    @pvdn77 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I have an issue which is not fully related to your video topic, but you do seem to be doing something that I can't get to work: have multiple cameras inputs in obs. I have two webcams, they both work fine individually, i can use them both in obs, but when i want to add the second one, that second one's screen stays black.
    I don't understand why this doesn't work for me, did you do anything special to get that to work?

  • @LifeofAccro
    @LifeofAccro 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    definitely like this... how do you think an a6500 and a go pro 8 both using a camlink would fair? pushing high temps as well? id probably only record for an 1hr max... we've been doing 9hr zoom trainings during corona and the macbook hasnt died yet, hopefully not, but it gets toasty for sure.... thanks!

    • @JeffGeerling
      @JeffGeerling  4 ปีที่แล้ว

      Two cameras for one hour should probably be fine. One thing that can happen (usually tended to happen after 30-45 minutes with three cameras on my Mac) is the recordings can 'drop frames', meaning when you combine the cameras later in Final Cut or whatever video editor, you might have to check whether they're in sync throughout, and if not, trim a tiny bit here and there to get the videos back in sync.
      It helps, too, to have a separate device recording at least the audio, just so you have a perfect time reference. (I sometimes just open voice memo or Hindenberg recorder on my iPhone for that).

  • @SluggyMcpops
    @SluggyMcpops 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Please help!
    I want to be able to sit at my drums and see all 3 camera views from my MacBook Pro and then simply press record from the laptop without having to physically get up press record and stop on each camera. Audio will be recorded direct from drum module into laptop.
    According to your video QuickTime will let me do this? I think I need to buy new cameras to do this though. Currently I have an old Hero4 and Canon G15.
    Will the Zoom Q2n allow it?
    Thank you!

  • @PSIGroups
    @PSIGroups ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Did Mac remove this feature?

  • @gineesh
    @gineesh 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Cool..
    I read about this earlier but you explained it very well.. Thank you
    just curious, which teleprompter you are using in that video ?
    Thanks in advance.

  • @BGBSATX
    @BGBSATX 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Specifically what hardware are you using to get the three inputs into the computer?
    Can it be done with 3 Cameras with HDMI outputs?

  • @Libertelia
    @Libertelia 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    thank you very much! This is exactly what I was looking for!

  • @suzelizabeth
    @suzelizabeth 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Brilliant in its simplicity! Many thanks!!

  • @MurraySilber
    @MurraySilber 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks so much for the info Jeff, it's really helpful. Can you tell me what stand you use for your laptop?

  • @FarzinYazdan
    @FarzinYazdan 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    How do I connect my android camera to quicktime player? it doesnt automatically show up when i plug it into my mac.

  • @jiyere
    @jiyere 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Thank you! This was useful!

  • @chanbing93
    @chanbing93 ปีที่แล้ว

    How do i create a live stream while watching my sport teams play, as it captures my expression but also capture what I'm watching so i can give comments as I'm watching my teams play

  • @NancyJackson
    @NancyJackson 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    When I try to duplicate QT I don't have that option. Is there another way?

  • @enidrajm
    @enidrajm 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Jeff, I REALLY appreciate this video. You literally saved me $1700 (Black Friday pricing) on 3 Atomos Ninja V recorders. Using your "duplicate QT" hack, I was able to capture 3 camera angles at 4K 30fps for over an hour. Granted, I didn't get all the pro level features like zebra stripes, LUTS, etc., but I do have virtually unlimited recording time. And I also appreciate the group discussion on FFMpeg. I'm digging into that next, but in the meantime, QT. : )

    • @JeffGeerling
      @JeffGeerling  3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Glad I could help! I actually bought a Video Assist 3G recently just because I wanted to be able to record a variety of HDMI inputs and have the passthrough capability. But unless I was doing high end pro live production I wouldn't want to pay the cost of having multiple of those, or the rack units with multiple camera inputs!

  • @DIGGINGRICHMOND
    @DIGGINGRICHMOND 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hi Jeff I am trying to use two webcams for my Ecam live stream on my Imac 5k 2017.I want two field of views for input. Can it be done? one is the brio and the other to be c922 logi. what do you think.

    • @JeffGeerling
      @JeffGeerling  3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Yep! Just use the multiple-copies-of-QuickTime technique like I did in this video and it should work without a hitch!

  • @charlie1872
    @charlie1872 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Hi Geoff, I am a small youtube creator. I run a British model railway channel and push the videos through Streamyard. I utilize my macbook pro to run two logitech webcams and an iphone. Sometimes my webcams drop off or I get an echo which I cannot identify when live.
    Any ideas?
    Thanks
    Charlie

    • @JeffGeerling
      @JeffGeerling  6 หลายเดือนก่อน

      If you're using OBS, it could be that a camera drops off the USB bus then comes back-and when it does, maybe both webcam mics pick up, and that gives the echo.
      I would make sure you have a high quality external USB 3 HUB, with separate power so the webcams get reliable power and don't rely on power from your computer.

  • @driftless1870
    @driftless1870 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Great video. Thank you. (And I’m sorry, but you really reminded me of someone in Reservoir Dogs. Great show, man.)

  • @rioriocrk4053
    @rioriocrk4053 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I think you save so many souls with this video ^^ thankyou soo much for sharing this tips!

  • @Mattguitarmania
    @Mattguitarmania ปีที่แล้ว

    Dude! You’re a genius! Can’t wait to try this out

  • @emerelle3535
    @emerelle3535 11 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Very interesting. I planned to connect my two hdmi-outputs of the work-laptop via capture-cards to my three-display-mac. So I don't have to switch the input on the monitors but I cannot find a software to just display multiple input-signals. Or at least I didn't find one yet. x)

  • @randoyork-shortsandtrains9389
    @randoyork-shortsandtrains9389 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Fab, thank you for this life hack! I assume one could also only record the screen with multiple cameras being recorded - evidently, one will lose the ability to edit all simuntaneously. CCTV like.

  • @arcadiasjewlery203
    @arcadiasjewlery203 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    besides Avid media composer., what mac0sx app allows recording of video just like audio directly into your time line?
    Avid shares are gov as their deal includes helping the feds and networks replace the nagar machines used in up until the 90s., so there is no way the gov will let their market cripple...even if it means pressuring competitors.

  • @robertjackson8850
    @robertjackson8850 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    I have been searching for a solution to this for the past few months and this is probably the most help I've found. so I have a question....well a few...
    1. what are my options do i have if i am using windows?
    2. could i do this while using obs and a switcher so that i can go back and fix the footage if mess up while switching?
    3. you said you can run multiple obs at once?

  • @Voiceguitar
    @Voiceguitar 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Not working. Any advice? Thanks

  • @LawsonEnglish
    @LawsonEnglish 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    have you tried this with M1 macs?

  • @TheAshantidutch
    @TheAshantidutch 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Hi love this thank you this is great, i have a 2 year old Imac and it will not let me make a copy but will keep trying thanks

  • @michaellwalker8748
    @michaellwalker8748 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Damn. Thank you so much for how to do this with QuickTime.

  • @MarcoChavez1940
    @MarcoChavez1940 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

    So many thanks, this is the only tutorial that gave me a real solution and it was so easy ❤️

  • @TheInnovationShow
    @TheInnovationShow 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you for this Jeff

  • @teedee8868
    @teedee8868 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    AWESOME.. why didn’t I think of this myself 😂😂🙈🙈🙈🙈.. Thanks So Much !!!!!

  • @tibork3845
    @tibork3845 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I have a 2021 MacBook Pro with OS 14.3, does not allow the duplication of any of the standard Mac apps, including QuickTime. The duplicate option does not show on the list. Is there a workaround it? By the way anyone know an app for the MacBook Pro to record high spf for slow motion capture?

  • @edc-everydaycarrymentalism9765
    @edc-everydaycarrymentalism9765 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    I am using OBS but I would love to see your cable setup. I have a usb hub and putting two webcams in it but at high res I can’t use it

  • @ullaasmenon
    @ullaasmenon 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hi Jeff, Thanks for the video.
    I however can't seem to see any video or even record any video despite selecting my camera and audio device. Any idea why? I'm using an Atem mini pro which is connected to a Sony A6100.

  • @marleelynn
    @marleelynn ปีที่แล้ว

    Ok this used to work but with the Ventura update, it won’t let you duplicate QuickTime.

  • @justinspencer4472
    @justinspencer4472 ปีที่แล้ว

    Loved this. Exactly what I needed to know. Thanks:)

  • @RedAngelSophia
    @RedAngelSophia 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    The reason why I would want to do this is so that I can have one file with me against a virtual greenscreen (which I get via SnapCamera) and another with me unaltered in the room as I am (which I would get directly through my computer's built-in web-cam _wthout_ routing it though SnapCamera). That way, I could have (in my end product) a gradual transition between me against a virtual background and me in my room as I am in real-life.

  • @jimharvey9894
    @jimharvey9894 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Do you think a MacBook air M1 could Handel this ?

  • @RickyMier
    @RickyMier 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Excellent job thanks Jeff

  •  4 ปีที่แล้ว

    I'm new here but already enjoying! Best regards from Brazil!

  • @clmns7453
    @clmns7453 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    when I try to configure the second webcam it only appears black, does anyone know the solution?

  • @eltang3396
    @eltang3396 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    This deserves more views!

  • @theawakenedathleteexperien9286
    @theawakenedathleteexperien9286 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hi, thank you for the video, I am using to record 2 webcams simultaneously , there is any way to be able to control the zoom of each ? Is for a podcast, thank you!

  • @blkfwx
    @blkfwx 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    hack of the day... the year even. Good jaaaab

  • @PrashKrish
    @PrashKrish 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    great video! but i have one question....my canon does not show up in the quicktime source menu...would appreciate if anyone chipped in here...i have installed EOS utility as well as EOS webcam utility

  • @NowThatsaRAP
    @NowThatsaRAP 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Brilliant! I wonder about getting a Mac mini as the dedicated saving/editing device and keep my MacBook Air freed up.

  • @usermacBrian
    @usermacBrian 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    This is important. Thank you for the content. It may help me in the near future.

  • @adamskelter973
    @adamskelter973 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    OMAGAWD! I CAN'T BELIEVE ITS THAT EASY! YOu just saved me a ton of cash on gear! Thanks!

  • @ryanknaggs
    @ryanknaggs ปีที่แล้ว

    That is Perfect! Thank you!

  • @martinzarian6049
    @martinzarian6049 ปีที่แล้ว

    Unfortunately with MACOS Ventura you can't duplicate apps. Anyone managed to?

  • @judddunagan1788
    @judddunagan1788 14 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Great advice thanks!

  • @deheiligebron
    @deheiligebron 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

    You cannot duplicate the Quicktime App anymore in the latest MacOS. :(

  • @netnutmike
    @netnutmike 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    You can do ISO recording in Wirecast on a Mac. If on windows you can use Wirecast or vMix.

    • @JeffGeerling
      @JeffGeerling  4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Ah for some reason Wirecast wasn't coming up in my research on this. It's a little expensive, for sure, but like I said in the video, well worth it if you need to rely on these features!

  • @mrinal3184
    @mrinal3184 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    definitely missing the trickster. thank you for this

  • @juansalvarredy1909
    @juansalvarredy1909 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks for this Jeff! Super hepfull

  • @mstengel777
    @mstengel777 ปีที่แล้ว

    You're the man, thank you

  • @marcomaddo
    @marcomaddo 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hi, Jeff! How are you, thank a lot for sharing this tip for us. Work's perfect.... Marco Maddo From Brazil.

  • @chrisharvie-smith486
    @chrisharvie-smith486 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Is there a way to record the raw cameras data so its just a copy from camera to disk ? No compression mode codec selected.

    • @JeffGeerling
      @JeffGeerling  4 ปีที่แล้ว

      As far as I can tell, you'd have to do that by writing your own software to get the raw data from the camera, and many cameras wouldn't provide that anyways. I assume you could somehow build a driver to do that for a camera like the Raspberry Pi Camera or High Quality Camera though.

  • @BostonSMartDental
    @BostonSMartDental 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    This was very helpful for me. Thank u a lot

  • @talkandeattv
    @talkandeattv 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    thank you !

  • @erickronyhernandezvelasque3031
    @erickronyhernandezvelasque3031 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    That was wonderful!

  • @axels4797
    @axels4797 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Crazy! You're my hero! Thank you soooo much!

  • @JordanFMartin
    @JordanFMartin 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Amazing thank you!

  • @kpwlek
    @kpwlek 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    isnt that vlc funcionality ?

  • @thebrooklyngardenclub225
    @thebrooklyngardenclub225 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Brilliant. Thanks.

  • @jkubie
    @jkubie 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    What video sources are possible?

  • @LegendofOdum
    @LegendofOdum 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you so much bro!!

  • @mark_blair__
    @mark_blair__ 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you for this bro :)

  • @anianderson3838
    @anianderson3838 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Brilliant- thank you!