The Laws of Thermodynamics, Entropy, and Gibbs Free Energy
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 16 พ.ค. 2024
- We've all heard of the Laws of Thermodynamics, but what are they really? What the heck is entropy and what does it mean for the fate of the universe? How does soap work?! So many questions answered in this clip! Enjoy!
More thorough thermodynamics tutorials: • The Zeroth Law of Ther...
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If you would like a more comprehensive explanation of these laws, go to my classical physics playlist! Clips 28-31 cover the four laws, one law per video, and they are much more in depth than what is mentioned here!
You're a rad professor. Keep it up
Thanks!
Professor Dave Explains GOD BLESS YOU
You look like JESUS
Energy can flow from a colder object to a hotter one. Its just that the total energy transfer is to the colder one, hence the hotter one looses thermal energy and the cooler one gains thermal energy. But even if there both at the same temperature,but under different pressures, then there can still be a transfer of heat energy making one get colder and the other hotter even if they both initially have the same temperature, as of the heat intensity.
I teach both high school physics and chemistry. In the unit of heat, both of these classes overlap quite a bit. It was hard to find a good video explaining the laws of thermodynamics and entropy. I like KHAN, but they are too long. Others are too abstract or goofy. This gets to the point quickly as you speak very clearly and with conciseness. Any high school science student would find these clips good to watch.
+Scott DeMunnik nothing makes me happier than my content going to good use in the classroom!
agreed. much more concise than the sometimes bumbling khan. but loosen up a bit. the only part that didn't seem like you were reading a script was the last part where you said to send you an email.
Akashascosset Yeah exactly, not that I don't absolutely love Professor Dave's videos but like in Crash Course they tell a few jokes related to the subject, stuff like that that makes it seem more personal and friendly.
Though his presidential parody video is quite funny, and I like the tattoo on his right arm :D
Akashascosset Well you can kindly shut your mouth. Jokes are for the weak. Straight to the point lectures are perfect for students who look these up.
idiot
This man saved me from failing my high school. I'm graduating with Physics honours next month. Thanks Dave ♡
Wow…,Congrats Sir
This isn't enough boi 🥲🥲
high school? im using this in university
@@marnick4229in India the syllabus is tough.We get to learn ochem,thermodynamics, inorganic at young age also calculus at age of 15
@@nothing_tosee936that's crazy!!!
Although, I bet you'd still have a hard time in western world on the college level
Never thought I'd be taught the Laws of Thermodynamics by the Jesus himself, but I'm going to take it
I- 😭😭😭
😂
😂😂😂
But Jesus is known to be black and not white!
Lmaooo 🤣🤣🛐🙏🏼
Dave: There is a layer of math beneath the intuitiveness
Me: *holds breath*
Dave: ..we won't get into the math
oh thank christ
welp he is christ
Mom: why is ur room so untidy??
Me: it's entropy broo
*slipper flies across room*
Just wanted to tell you that yes, your profile pic worked. I blew on my screen. Now I'm laughing. You got one lol
@@terrancemckenna5302 for me I see the circle is white but the background of comments is a tiny bit grey
That’s about 50% true. Entropy increases with the input of energy. If you input energy to keep your room messy you could consider that to be increasing the change in the entropy of the surroundings. You could also increase entropy by dividing your room up into little sections that would create more cells, or you could also increase entropy by increasing the size and shape of your clothes and making them more complex to allow for more micro states. The possibilities are endless.
@@alecthomas7408 bruh
@@terrancemckenna5302 Nice username. Love spotting a Terrance fan in the wild
at first you might not like the opening but after a couple of professor dave explains videos you'll be singing along no doubt
😂😂😹
I'm the living proof.
Yeah I always sing it😂😂
What?! I fell in love with that intro when I first saw that...
@@shreevatsak343 yes I too always sing the song
Absolutely
Professor Dave, I always enjoy watch your TH-cam videos and admire you for working so hard to educate others. Big Thanks!
ok sir
This video was great! You're awesome at explaining the science stuff :)
thanks kindly! you've got a knack for it as well :)
thank you! means a lot :)
You both are great!!!! Thanks a lot for the cool videos!!!!
Tnx🙏
You both look like you could be related lol
I will never look at hand soap the same way again. Your videos are all very informative.
same
Dear Angela Elizando , do you know how difficult is actually to produce a soap ?
Angela Elizando I haven't for the past 15 years either...
@@sakadabara Not too hard. Humans have been mixing ash with animal fat for a very long time.
Uncomfortable Truth there was a long way from ash ‘n’ grease to Fairy the Dishwash liquid
Im not a college graduate i was in the military but i still find what your saying so fascinating... i want to learn.
Dont give up on me
Never give up
dont give up
I'm a homeschooled sophomore. I watched this in seventh grade and took notes throughout. When it got to the question at the end, I actually got the right answer--without a calculator! It was explained so clearly and with such clever analogies. I'm watching it again just for fun! Thanks so much for this, Professor Dave! It answers a lot of questions for me and helps me understand much more about the way the universe works.
I am in first year of university studying chemical engineering and this video put the complex concepts very simply. Thank you!
Chemical engineering 🙌 - rare species...Me final yr
@@Alex_R97 bro mee too but i m. newbie.. could u guys suggest anyway to learn the chemistry from. basics stuffs
What University are you studying at?
Me too a Chemical Engineer.
Im a Graduate Chemical Engineer
Up to 5 min, I felt that I have learnt more than watching previously 50min of college chemistry teaching videos. Very concise and informative! Thank you!
Is college then a scam?
I love Professor Dave now. The man does his homework, and explains things so beautifully clear and concise. Respect
I'm scrolling your video about fundamental of chemistry, I learned to recall my memories about it. I'm struggling to recall my first-second semester memories through my notes but I found out it really takes time. Prof Dave's simple explanation helps me a lot. Thanks!
That was scary
I almost understood entropy😳
Me too 😢😢
• Second law:
• A closed system naturally moves toward equilibrium.
• Heat transfers naturally from Hot to Cold course.
• The entropy of a close system always increases (irreversible
process).
It's the measure of energy dispersion. So entropy would increase if water went from a solid to a liquid because there's more "microstates".
You'll be even more scared if you'd watch Steve Mould's description of Entropy hahah. Do check it out bud!
Entropy is the measure of randomness,in simple terms it's the measure of random movement,e.g universe expanding
Beautifully explained! Definitely nice when you can understand how all the variables work together. Thanks!
Thank you for explaining things clearly and making it easy to understand! I really appreciate your time and effort Prof!
thanks for watching!
Studied Chemical Engineering a while back and having a bit of a refresher on the basic principles. Really great job in explaining the abstract, which can take so long to understand. Learning 'what' and 'why' is so often conceded in favor of 'how' and 'when'. And yet it can be explained in 5 minutes.
Thank you very much, Professor Dave! Your analogies and explanations with regard to the Enthalpy and Entropy relationship were crystal clear. It truly shows that someone understands a topic by being able to break it down as if you were explaining it to a 5th grader.
The explanation was so good that I could explain all the stuff to my friends clearly
Thank you professor Dave, your teachings on thermodynamics and Gibb's free energy was superb. I expect your more updates on physical and organic chemistry.
Excellent explanation. I am no longer into studying physics but as someone with a background in science i still enjoy watching these videos explaining the concepts of physics which might usually be difficult for students.
Thank you Professor Dave I really appreciate all of your help!
It was a great learning experience professor Dave
And the explanation about the soap, I represented my high school in a prestigious national science and maths quiz competition about 5 years ago and it was one of our questions. Really great explanation.
Professor Dave, thank you very much!
I had spend a whole day to read the material about the entropy, however i didn't got it!
Without ten minutes under your presentation , I'm clear, Great job!
This is the first time for me to understand gibbs free energy actually i watched so many videos before i watch you but i did not understand thanks alot ( you're the one :) )
Do you think it is possible that previous videos have helped in gaining some understanding before seeing this and feeling like 'wala, i get it now'. Is there a possibility that if you hadn't seen previous videos and saw this 1st you would understand it 1st time round? My questions are our of curiosity, notging personal to anyone
The part where you describe how soap works blew my mind! 10/10
Very well explained. Keep making these great videos!
This is the first of these I've seen. Professor Dave is awesome.
Nice explanation....my all doubts are clear now ....thanks professor dave
thanking you sir It was super explanation..and I got good clarification
Many teachers should take examples on your video to introduce these abstract notions of thermodynamics. Your explanations are very clear and concise. Your pedagogy is perfect. Thank you so much .
Your videos have given me an early headstart into what my chemistry course will be mainly about. Thanks for the detailed explanation! 😀
I've been having trouble understanding entropy for a long time. Your interpretation of entropy as a "dispersal or energy" really stuck with me. Thank you.
I feel it was useless to attend school, I am a Ph.D. student now and I feel Homeschooling following these videos could have been a better option, Thanks, sir:). Amazing explanation, I get to take some lectures and I am totally transferring your knowledge that I get here
SIMPLY AMAZING THANK YOU PROF. DAVE !
Prof. David, thanks so much! I took chemical engineering thermodynamics course two years ago and I never understood the concepts. Now that I am preparing to enter the world of work, I thought I had to understand these things as they are part of the most fundamental concepts a chemical engineer should know. I should have watched this video last two years! I'm very grateful.
What do you do for work if you don’t mind me asking?
Wow...you explain very well💙
Your teaching is superb...👍
And thanks for clearing my doubt 😊
Your channel is a gold mine. Thank you ♡
Found your channel studying for praxis. All of your videos help so much. Thank you, thank you!
Man you reply to all the comment to clear everyone's doubts #Respect
I like the table at 5:18 Thanks much!
Thanks Professor Dave , as always .
Today is Teachers Day here in my country India
A very Very Happy teachers day ! keep making videos and educating all!
(Out of topic) - Do you like Breaking Bad? :P
of course! amazing show.
Professor Dave Explains sir today i saw your video for the first time and its damn amazing. I am from india. Where are you from ?🙂
Kirat Alreja today is teachers day in 2018 :))
@@-TayyabAwan
Some body here from humanities 😂
I m also from india .. professor dave sir advanced teachers day wishes to you..2019 September 5.. I m continuously watching your classes thank you so much sir for interesting explains.
I can't believe you literally made me understand this concept in 8min...You're so amazing
Thank you for this refresher, Professor Dave. 🙂
You're awesome dude ! I've recommended your TH-cam Channel to my biology class :)
+Alain Dupont (Kulggen) thanks for spreading the word!
Interesting to have the hills in the background. Spontaneity, as I understand it, can be thought of as a ball on a wavy terrain (we can just use a squiggly line) during an earthquake. On this wavy terrain, there are a few valleys, separated by hills. These valleys represent the different things our ball can do, just by occupying one of those valleys. Some of the valleys are higher than others. It can be easy to imagine that the ball might find its way from a higher valley to a lower one, but only if the ground is shaking enough that the ball can overcome the hill that separates them. Then the ball will most likely be moving faster than before, since overall it has rolled downhill. In many cases, this added kinetic energy can represent heat (since that's what heat is anyway). Similarly, the ball can actually go from a lower valley to a higher one, again if the ground is shaking enough. But if the ball goes in that direction, it will slow down.
There's some funky interplay between the speed of the ball and the magnitude of the earthquake, since both of these essentially represent heat. That's where analogy breaks down a little.
This was really good, thanks Dave!
I hope you know you are truely amazing. You juste made everything so much more clear! I love you!
very helpful video, thanks a lot!
your videos are awesome professor! keep it up...I consider myself as your student...Im taking master in engineering in Mechanical Engineer...😀
Thank you! I had difficulty in understanding Gibbs free energy. This video helped me a lot to understand that Gibbs free energy can be a sign about whether the process is spontaneous or not!
Thank you Professor Dave i wish all teachers can teach the same way you teach
Professor Dave! Your lessons are world class! Thank you so much.
Hi Dave- Micellization is actually (usually) an entropy-driven process. The reason is the destructuring of water molecules upon micellization.
hey can u please help...micelle formation should be DeltaS positive and endothermic process right??? i am so confused it was in my engineering paper
This felt like a 30 min read. So much information condensed here. Thanks!
thanks for being so good in explaining ,i found best channel for my doubts just a few day back.I really appreciate your approach ,please keep clearing the concepts and making it easy for us to understand. Thanks sir.
This is amazing. Ty Professor Dave. My concept of 'time' since I was a child is now just a theory for me and I use enthalpy and entrapy every moment of life to govern my decisions. I have since had a low stress life.
Lol stop lying
thank you professor. :)
I'm a chemistry teacher and I just found the explanation I'll be using from today onwards. Brilliant!
you are an awesome professor
I'm glad that I found you today
I wish you a very happy teachers day sir
thanx sir for your contribution in educating people
sale tu
Thank god for Professor Dave
I thank science for professor Dave
This really helped me better understand conceptually how Gibbs free energy relates to spinoidal decomposition and thermodynamics in general, thank you.
Iam a malayali..l saw someny videos of others..but I can't understood thermodynamics..But from this I got everything
Professor Dave ,now lam a big fan of u...thanks sir.. it's very nice👌👌
Keep going
Your videos are very didactic. They are also great to train English.
I finally got it. Thank you.
this was awesome...especially the gibbs explanation
Thanks for making this video, it was very helpful...
When he described soap I was like what the fuck the what.
Now I found out the true reason why my room is always messy. That's because of the entropy of the universe. My mom misunderstood me all the times "son, you're to lazy to clean up your room"
Heroes overcome entropy!
Or artists can celebrate it for what it is:
th-cam.com/video/uv04ewpiqSc/w-d-xo.html
Entropy happens unless energy is put into the disorder so she was right
@@qaz-fi1id Don’t you mean entropy happens when you put mote energy into a system? If you add energy to a system it would then be considered non spontaneous. The more energy you put into the system the more disorder you create and you increase entropy.
@@BudMartin03 He needs to put energy into displacing objects. He needs to do work.
The micelle graphic; blew my mind once the visual representation "clicked".
Another awesome vid.
THIS VIDEO WAS ABSOLUTELY AMAZING.
3:52 pure gold
+Professor Dave Explains
liked the video, how ever I found the "programming analogy" @2:10 a bit "odd" as I have read/heard the "diametrically opposite" being argued. I suspect this difference might depend on what "scale" You are observing/describing the "phenomenon" at.
So in Your case You are describing it on a rather "high (macro) level", and only demanding a "general description" of the "state". How ever if You were to look at it at the "micro level", where You have to describe the position (and possibly momentum) of every atom, the liquid would be "harder to describe" and demand vastly more "code".
And if I'm not mistaken (which happens ;) when talking about information theory the more random a file is the higher the entropy is considered, and the harder it is to describe it in a "shorter form" i.e. to compress it. And hence it's harder to ((losslessly)) compress a picture of a given size if it contains white noise than if it depicts a chequerboard ((or any other regular pattern)).
I thought it might be usefull to know that this "alternative explanatory analogy"exists, especially since it's so "different".
Just my 5c's.
Keep up the good work Best regard
it's true, i've heard quite a bit of opposition to the analogy, and am beginning to regret including it. it seemed valid, of course strictly as an analogy and not a literal description of entropy, and a way to help students rationalize the dispersal of matter and energy tending to be spontaneous, but it may be creating some confusion as well. at any rate next week i am releasing new tutorials on the laws of thermodynamics that are much more comprehensive than this one so i would love to hear what you think about those! particularly the second law.
+Professor Dave Explains
Ok, it wasn't meant as a critique, rather just a "heads up" in case You weren't familiar with it.
As I have only heard and read it used in the context of "information theory" and it was quite a long time ago I thought it might have "gone out of style" or maybe was isolated to use in that specific field/context.
But You seem to be both familiar with and on top of it :)
And though I don't think I'm generally competent to giving critique on these topics, I will "send a comment" if I think I have something constructive to contribute after viewing Your other videos.
Good luck with Your future work, here and elsewhere.
Best regards.
As a computer scientist trying to get a refresher on chemistry, this really threw me for a loop.
I came here looking for this exact comment. Thanks for owning it Professor Dave.
Im doing a PhD in electrochemistry and working with high entropy alloys and oxides as electrocatalysts for energy conversion systems. This video is so comprehensive.
Hi Professor Dave! Loved this video, taught me a couple of useful things I never new about The Laws of Thermodynamics! Never heard it explained that way on what it means, and what it does, and makes a lot of sense on how to use it! I really liked the practice example problem at the end to solidify it! I'm glad the solution is provided to be able to check, as my first calculation I forgot to convert Joules to Kilo Joules on the Delta S term : )
Entropy: I "fight" it daily.
What does this mean
@@MohitYadav-ks3hh entropy is a concept. I'm not a physicist so this is only my basic notion of entropy: Things go from state of high to low order in time. You need energy to create higher order and when the energy supply stops, things go into less order. An example: you need energy to build a castle. You put brick onto brick, cement between bricks and so on. The castle is the high order. When you just let time pass, the castle will eventually become a ruin. The ruin is of lower order than the castle. You didn't invest energy to maintain the castle.
Entropy is everywhere in nature. You have to eat (food =energy) so your cells keep working. If you stop eating, you will die.
What I mean by "I fight it daily" is: every day you have to work hard to keep things going and not falling apart, e.g. keeping your room in order because it takes energy to put everything back into place from where you took it; meeting friends because when you don't invest in friendships, they will fade ;)
@Vijay Veluri actually, the example of the castle is from Brian Cox. He explains entropy by a sand-castle :D
@@jollyjokress3852 wow science + philosophy
Noice
Whenever I see you, I remember "Chemistry Jesus"
Can't stop laughing 🤣
Wtf I can't unsee 😭 AHAHAHAHAH
Thank you so much, professor :)
It's really Helpful :)
Thank you professor Dave
This video helped me a lot
Thank you so much Mr. Dave
"[...] and as an aside, let me drop some knowledge on saponification: [...]" Nice.
now i can easily understand thermodynamics
wait until i post thermodynamics tutorials in my physics course, they are much better than this one!
thanks
WOW! You just explained to me what my sir took one whole week of 40 minute classes, in just 8 minutes. Thank you.
Thanks a lot! This video really helped me clear my conception and answered lots of my questions :D
No clue how I ended up here, but what a great mistake it was, you are seriously awesome!
professor dave can you explain about the various processes in thermodynamics??pls....😊
i've got a lot more thermo tutorials coming up in the physics series i'm releasing! stay tuned
Currently studying the subject on the basic level. Learnt more from this video than 2 years of my uni. Thx a lot.
you have a knack for explaining this concisely.
dave grohl helping me with my bio final *calm face emoji*
And both this guy and Grohl have even the same name xD
Yeah both of these Dave s look similar and once I asked this Dave whether he is a musician or not.And he said he had been a life long musician.
Kalm
@@AS-mm4pn He plays piano, there are a few vids of him on a channel by his name!
Professor Dave; "That's how soap works"
Babylonians; "We just thought it cleaned stuff"
thanks for making learning easy & interesting.
it's just going very smooth manner, even a high school student can get the concept .
wonderful explanation with wonderworking animations 👍
I literally don’t understand how good you are at teaching. Like omg
At least now I know that ethanol spontaneously converts into ethanoic acid at standard room conditions.
+UnforsakenXII that's why your wine is gross after a couple days!
add a little SO2 and it will last way longer in a sealed bottle :3
6:50 "That's how soap works!"
Ooooooh
man you are so good,subscribed to your channel
Thansk a ton...rally thanks..watched it 10 times to make sense of it ...still may not have understood in totality but this is byfar one of the best explanations of gibbs free energy .....