The Public Universal Friend: The First US Nonbinary
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 2 มิ.ย. 2022
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Being non-binary has existed well before the modern day. For the United States, there was a nonbinary preacher name Public Universal Friend, who became a celebrity in the early years of the country's history.
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Sources used:
Bronski, Michael - "A Queer History of the United States"
Hinds, William - "American Communities and Co-Operative Colonies"
Juster, Susan - "Neither Male nor Female" Possible Pasts: Becoming Colonial
Moyer, Paul B - "The Public Universal Friend: Jemima Wilkinson and Religious Enthusiasm in Revolutionary America."
NPR
The referenced bad source:
Hudson, David - "History of Jemima Wilkinson: A Preacheress of the Eighteenth Century"
Music used:
"Americana" and "Sneaky Snitch" by Kevin MacLeod
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I have a video idea: Who was America’s first African American?
how dare you be gay lol
thankfully you exist.
maybe a global map about civil unions / marriage?
btw during Frederick the Great's reign the Prussian civil code recognized a third gender namely Zwitter, which is more or less a person with sex traits of both men and women.
Jemimah just sounds crazy to me but hey we are talking about gay people so that’s about par for the course
I love how The Friend basically went "yeah that name is dead! Literally dead, straight to heaven!"
Just iconic.
Taking deadname to a whole new level
@@solsystem1342 It's where deadname comes from after all
Somehow constantly hearing them be referred to as 'The Friend' makes the story feel very wholesome, eventhough there is plenty of hardship. This was a nice video
Hopefully P.U.F was as wholesome as their name suggests
@@jtgd the Friend brought in a lot of people into their society so they were probably very charismatic
Lots of hard ship 😏
You'd think life would be easier if she were born male, instead of female.
honestly I find it super creepy and off-putting.
This is my ancestor, my first cousin 10x removed. 250 years later, I am also nonbinary. Thanks for this video.
Are you a friend too?
Carrying on the tradition I see
Dope
as a nonbinary person im hella jealous of not coming up with the name public universal friend before changing mine
Same lmao
you can't be "no gender" just because you think you are, you will always be a male or a female.
@@thesoupmills1426 is your name soup
MusclePerson?
I'm pressing X on this one.
So if the friend had a music career, could we theoretically call them "p.u.f Thaddy"?
Also I think it's fascinating that a historical gender non-conforming person had their identity tied so closely to religious beliefs, when we in the modern day would probably consider (popular) religious beliefs almost antithetical to a gender identity. Not that they're inherently opposites, just that organized religion does their damnedest to be that.
Hmmmmm so closely tied to religious beliefs. Well, religion isn't real either....
it's now always the case, I'm personally nonbinary but I also am a catholic, so yeah, while religion in general seems to see the gender identity as something that's "dishonorable", it's not always the case
@@SwissMedi i mean, Elohim is a plural noun
@@SwissMedi How…
@@drybrucke1
1)- Moral Dissention, an actual doctrine of Catholicism. Albeit an obscure one for those who don't either go to a Xaverian school or join either the priesthood or a monastic order.
2)- C-Spectrum Intersexual people (or as some archaically, pejoratively & incorrectly refer to them as: hermaphrodites) do have a basis (albeit a contested one) in canon law as being their own class of gender, akin to how archaic Judaic sects once recognized different genders which corresponded to different intersexual types, and nonbinary identity could be construed as a valid expression of that gender.
3)- Being a penitent sinner. Being a sinner isn't grounds for excommunication in Catholicism, contrary to how pop media in protestant-majority countries portray the Church. That's a disgusting trend almost entirely exclusive Schismatic traditions. Protocol-wise performing penance for sins takes priority over punitive excommunication (not that certain conservative self-described "Catholics" wouldn't love for that to change.) Plenty of Catholics "live in sin" as the phenomena is known.
So long as they aren't preaching heresy (and no, committing sins or advocating for reform don't count) they are still Catholic Christians, just ones that may not receive particular rites. Whether or not people in your local congregation respect that policy is another matter entirely, because like any ideological movement, let alone a religious one, there are people that are nominally part of the Catholic community that ignore core tenants of the faith, such as not ostracizing sinners from the community.
Which is why you can find some congregations where trans people, nonbinary or otherwise, are open members of the laity despite the Church ecclesiarchs officially regarding transexuality a sin. Sinners are welcome, as the first Saint of Christianity (and only one to be anointed by Jesus himself) was the Penitent Thief (Saint Dismas/Zoatham/Rakh).
And also why in more liberal Catholic circles demagogues who harass lgbtq people can be quick to be alienated. Using God to justify prejudice of any kind violates Exodus 20:7. That's not just sin, not just heresy, thats a blasphemy against God directly by usurping God's authority by putting words in Gods mouth. It's sometimes known as demiurgy.
I was broadly aware of the Public Universal Friend from a Wikipedia read, but this video was great in contextualising and summarising everything about them at a level that feels neither overloaded nor abridged. Thank you for your dedication in making a new queer-themed video every year! 🏳️🌈🏳️⚧️
I LOVE WIKIPEDIA UNUSUAL ARTICLES
@@jimmilton6644 that's a good name for a band
I've gotta say I really do appreciate you doing these videos every year. It feels like some sort of yearly cleansing ritual where all the intolerants unsubscribe in rage that you dare make a video talking about queer people.
It keeps this channel's audience/community pretty healthy and nice compared much of the rest of history/mapping TH-cam, which can be pretty damn depressing at times!
You're doing a great job.
Making videos like this is a good way to cleanse the channel of intolerant a-holes. Yes, the subscription count may lower, but the community on here won't be toxic and it may bring even more non-toxic people in.
Or he could just be making videos like this, simply because he wants to-and because it is a topic that he’s genuinely interested in-and that it actually has nothing to do with your hackneyed presumption that he should be producing content like this to ‘regulate’ the makeup of his own following, as if he owns them and is responsible for them like they’re his pets. 🤷♂️
@@tackywhale5664 T-t-t-that's not what he meant at all..........of course Tigerstar makes these because he wants to. We're just saying it works as a way to get rid of toxic people from the channel as well.
@@tackywhale5664 obviously he makes these videos because he wants to. This is just a nice side-effect :)
Plus annoying anti-LGBT+ people is fun.
I found out about The Friend after googling “histories weirdest names” for a laugh once. Was actually mind blown by a really interesting story
Chungledown Bim (short for Bimothy) is a good one.
Jemima Wilkinson was a charlatan.
I'm non-binary, and fully appreciate this video. New Subscriber alert! Much love ❤
Sounds to me like the "Universal" part of their name was influenced by their experience of being disowned for attending Baptist sermons - they probably saw the Quaker reference of "Friend" as exclusive, friends to Quakers and similar, where Public Universal Friend intended to be a friend to all, inclusive, no matter the race or denomination, and their name reflected that.
Neat.
Hell yes, Public Universal Friend is one of my favourite historical figures. The Friend is just such a neat example
My favorite is her successor the Public Universal Friends with Benefit
@@bennelong8451 their* (or just The Friend's*)
@@thezipcreator The Public Universal Friend actually did not use pronouns, instead only going by name.
@@howdoipickaname9815 that's why I said (or just The Friend's*)
@@thezipcreator Ah.
LGBT history is super underrated, it really puts everything into context. Like these people didn't just pop into existence in the 20th century...
I know, it almost destroys a lot of people's conception of how the world was back then
It is sad that so many interesting cultures that had more than a gender binary and roles for such people in society, have been ignored, misrepresented, and erased. People want to make it a modern idea so they can say it's an aberration from traditional society, when if anything it's endemic to humanity and society.
Some of you couldn't be yourselves without modern surgery and medicine. Cope.
@@rjjrjehehew you really thought you did something there
@@rjjrjehehew Now those of us who want too CAN look more like we want. Cope and seethe phobe, we've always been here and we're STAYING here 👏 Happy Pride 🎉
As a non-binary person, thank you for sharing this story with me! It means a lot to see our history portrayed like this.
@Ronigaming ?
Non Binary. (Fake Gender)
@@olek5903 noopartyjy yuyyyukuruuih
Oof.
I love these Pride history videos, the historical view of queer identity and fascinating ways they differ from the modern day are wonderful. The Friend really took the idea of a “deadname” to the extreme. Based.
Quite the opposite, actually. There's reason to believe that Wilkinson was mentally ill. Before rebranding herself, she suffered from typhus. There's also reason to believe that she was nothing more than a charlatan.
Very interesting. Would love to see more brief dives into lesser known historical figures.
Finally a positive use for big person history, though it seems that the friend's humility during life may have somewhat undercut the survivability of their message after death.
I would argue it’s not “problematic” to suggest someone was trans or queer by modern standards because those aren’t bad things. It’s like saying someone liked apple pie based on evidence. The quality of that evidence can be poor or good but it’s not a problematic claim either way.
It’s only problematic to those people who think they are bad things.
I mean there is kinda some issue when you apply modern terminology onto something in the past when those 2 things don't totally correlate
@@j0nni235 we can talk about whether or not the friend would be considered trans/nonbinary today. The important thing is that we recognize gnc/trans/nonbinary/two spirit/etc people have always existed and that the friend is a part of that history.
It is if you have an interest in how people defined themselves and not in how their presentation aligns with cultural representations. Furthermore the conditions that culminate in an identity in the past are obviously different than the ones of modernity.
Well... using modern identities on historic figures could be problematic as an example, if we brand all same sex relations as homosexual, you'd be including all the pedastry or slave SA or otherwise power imbalanced relationships that happened in some old empires (abassid caliphate, buganda,etc) and that's not at all what our modern understanding of gay relationships are (at least outside of fujoshi circles anyway)
The public universal friend sounds like an amazing person! Thank you for making this video to inform me about them!
As a nonbinary person who loves history, it means so much to me seeing you make videos about queer identities. Various history adjacent community’s on the internet tend to be less then friendly towards queer/trans folks and has generally left myself feeling less then welcome in a lot of history spaces. I know it can seem dumb to some folks, but this video genuinely brought me to tears. Thank you so much for making this video and talking about the Universal Friend, and the history of nonbinary identities. It means so much too both myself and many other people.
Hey, if you like robins as in the bird, come to Michigan, our state bird is the robin and there are so many of them it can be a little troublesome, as pretty as they are.
Thank You for introducing me to the PUF; Such an inspirational person! I was re-reading about the Chevalier D'Éon recently, and thought perhaps they might make for an interesting video.
my brother sent me this and im so glad he did, i think im a new follower of the public universal friend now :) in all seriousness, i love when people cover lgbtq people in history!! it makes me (a nonbinary person) very happy. btw love your name, warrior cats rule!
Double oof.
@@SirBlackReeds What?
You will always be who you know yourself to be; bigots dont know shite. You deserve to be treated as the person you are, without judgement or harassment
@@bitshox1215 And you will always be of zero value to the human race so long as you keep promotin bigotry
@@bitshox1215 The actual reality is that im intersex, but thanks for the euphoria xD (oh, it doesnt show the bigots comment; they were tellin me ill always be a female... And as a nonbinary woman, duh xD)
Always love me some Tigerstar pride month content! Thank you for being a vocal member of the community, even in spite of the kind of conservative lean to online history enthusiasts. It seriously means a lot 🥹🏳️🌈🏳️⚧️
I agree. The history community, well I guess depending on the channel, definitely has a conservative leaning. That just kind of comes with topics about militaries and wars and stuff, you're going to get the military obsessed conservative people.
LGBT+ definitely isn't the most accepted thing in a lot of the history community unfortunately. I've seen people in the comment sections of history channels say to others that being trans is "a mental disease" and stuff, which is quite horrible. So it is nice to see a history channel being more open.
You would think that given peoples knowledge of history, you would probably be left wing. Ig war hawks make us lean more conservative
@@Jiji-the-cat5425 I mean, it is - it's just that transitioning is the treatment for it (because it's the only treatment that actually works)
@@EnigmaticLucas that's a horrid misunderstanding. gender dysphoria is not a mental disease but a potential catalyst to mental diseases. what you said is akin to saying your stressful job/toxic relationship is a mental disease; they are but catalysts. and transitioning isn't the only treatment that works, sometimes healthy ACTUAL therapy (the secular and scientific kind) helps ease the feelings of gender dysphoria. not everyone who experiences gender dysphoria immediately wants to transition.
Vids like these are always pretty cool.
It's kinda crazy how overlooked a lot of historical LGBTQ people were (hence the whole "Sappho's friend" meme), so I love it when they get the spotlight they deserve.
I'm kinda glad I've left my anti-sjw days behind. The "discussion" a lot of those folk provided usually ended up spreading some pretty dangerous misconceptions, often from people who were too lazy to actually listen to and empathize with LGBTQ+ people.
I'm proud to see you've grown as a person
the anti sjw to leftist pipeline is under appreciated, as someone who was that
Woke is broke
Funnily enough, I think my anti-sjw phase was largely in response to trying to reconcile my racial identity as a mixed person, and I'd be willing to bet that it was probably a similar experience for a lot of people, though not specifically that identity crisis.
Anti-sjws, the far right, and all that stuff is only really appealing to people who feel they have no identity or want to reject the identity that they have, and so they replace it with tradition and dogma.
I don't think I've ever actually gone completely down the anti-sjw loophole, but I know I've gotten close. Man, I still cringe thinking about the things I believed then.
I remember reading a history book with a gender perspective, which brought up among other things historical LGBTQ+ people, got reminded of that book by watching this video.
Really educational! I am an NB but weirdly I had never heard of this historical figure.
would you believe i was reading the notorious P.U.F. wiki page minutes before this dropped
P.U.F. is adorable. I'm sorry, the name is too cute.
Yes, it feels surreal
So heckin cute and valid!
Has real B.F.G energy
everyone make sure to put on your hazmat suit before going further down the comments.
Will you help neutralise the insane people
@@scurly0792 depends on who you think is insane.
@@aarizaaban6082 The transphobes
level A i would recomend, with full coverage and SCUBA. thats what iam going with to protect my self.
I myself am trans and had a pretty bad day today, but this brought a smile to my face! It`s so cool to see the history of my people based on such an awesome example!
I really appreciate you doing these LGBT history videos every pride month. :)
-lily
@@trainshavewheels come up with that one all by yourself?
@@trainshavewheels u must live such a sad life to comment that
Hopefully your day has gotten better.
There is a lot of neat history relating to LGBT. More than most may think.
@@trainshavewheels what type of incel level is this
41% happier?
AHHHH love the friend! Just a reminder numerous indigenous communities had third and fourth genders disregarding binary gendered concepts long before the friend was born. Maybe the universal friend was the first US “nonbinary” person, but they were not the first person in America to not identify along a gendered binary. Then again one might argue that you need a binary to identify against in order to be “nonbinary” but ergh still calling the friend the “First” seems
A little excluding?
It also makes it seem like people being outside of a gender binary is a modern phenomenon when the fact is we have always existed.
I would kind of have seen it the other way round with the modern phenomenon thing. It seems like the implication is that non-binary people have always existed even before the 21st century. I guess the Friend is just the easiest one to compare directly.
yes thank you for bringing this up! and it's not even just indigenous people, as in many asian cultures there are genders like hijra that have openly lived outside the gender binary for centuries!
Keep in mind that it’s mostly people projecting modern concepts back onto those tribal cultures rather than actually trying to understand those cultures. Which is very racist
I wonder what native Americans thought of them in the context of a more queer inclusive society.
@@AmazingAwesomeAlaska what? How is acknowledging identities outside the binary existed projecting modern concepts onto them? Like, they existed that's just a fact...
Based Tigerstar being based
This is far from being based.
@@dutch_asocialite It's ultra-based*
@@dutch_asocialite cope
@@butterbread858 There's no such thing, unfortunately. Anyone that says such a thing is just trying to sell you something.
@@totsuka2213 Not sure what I have to cope for, but sure, I will.
The way you pronounced "Canandaigua" was hilarious, being a local of that area lol. It's pronounced "cannon day gwah"
Someone should write a comedic sci-fi book about an enby alien who comes to earth and declares themself The Public Universal Friend. They go around reading everybody’s minds and talking to them like they’ve been friends for years. People either LOVE IT because they’ve finally met someone who understands them or HATE IT because The PUF keeps talking about their deepest darkest secrets in front of other people without realizing they’re being rude. I’m imagining some sort of complex anti-privacy/ultra-openness cult would form around PUF and at some point PUF would have to flee an angry mob of their own inadvertent doxing victims on horseback. We can call it “The Life of PUF”
Sounds cool, more power to you if you decide to go through with it!
@@bavarian_mapping Oh I was joking 😅
Absolutely love the comments presenting a rhetorical gotcha-style question to which they are completely wrong about lmao
K. Btw is Rachel Dolezal black?
always look forward to these videos this tune of the year :) tyty
I find the way previous generations of historians have misrepresented this persons life and self proclaimed identity almost as interesting as The Friends life itself. The Friend was a huge public figure, with thousands of people devoted to them and their teachings, and proclaimed their identity loudly and publicly. Yet they were still completely swallowed by history and replaced by a more socially acceptable fabrication invented by historians. We now know about this because there is enough contemporary documentation thanks to their high profile, but how many other publicly gender variant people have been swallowed by history with no independent documentation surviving to reveal their truth further down the years?
Heck yeah, PUF!! As a nonbinary Quaker, the Friend is one of my favorite historical icons. I remember learning about the Friend for the first time a few years back and being absolutely fascinated. Great video!
I've known about the Friend for years but I'm very happy to see someone devote a video to them!
It goes without saying, transphobic and lgbt-phobic comments will not be tolerated. Happy Pride Month!
i wish you good luck against these ppl man, fight the fight in this comments
Thanks
@UCuuDYghx0ytnhrfXKt3JFVQ you.... are aware tigerstar is bi, right? The B part of LGBT? He’s literally got a boyfriend lmao.
An emperor worthy of his title.
@@prismaticc_abyss Its not a narrative. If you think stopping hate to an already oppressed minority group is hiding some narrative then you're actually insane lol.
The Friend: “I Am that I Am”
Nonbinary people, replacing God since the late 1700s
All jokes aside, the Friend is an icon and honestly goals.
There was a trans woman in the Qing dynasty. Can’t say we should look up to her tho since she was a Japanese collaborator.
Who was that
Same with the crossdressing early Nahhzeee
I'mma need a name for some research
Reminds me of a hypothetical exchange I saw once between a time traveler and Sappho:
"So, now that I've explained our modern conceptions of sexual orientation and gender identity, would you now say that you are a lesbian, bisexual, pansexual or some other label?"
"You went to the MOON!"
"Yes, but really this is a vital unanswered question..."
"That moon! In the sky!"
"Yes, we did, but can you just..."
"Did you send any women?"
"...no."
"Figures."
Please state you gender:
[ ] Man
[ ] Woman
[X] Friend
Friend was their name but funny anyway haha
usually silent supporter here, but I thought this video deserves some loud support in order to counteract all the LGBTQ+ phobes! Keep up the good work!
No need to add a Q at the end. It's just an umbrella term for letters that have already been included.
@@tylerbozinovski427 I think it should be inclouded because the umbrella term queer includes more than just LGBT people. It's just a way to be safe to leave Noone out. Every LGBT is a Q, not every Q is LGBT (as far as I know).
@@omayaki5264 Then it should just be Q. One letter makes it clear and concise.
@@tylerbozinovski427 you got a point there.
@@tylerbozinovski427 my local non profit includes the Q so I would as well, respecting self identifiers. Simplifying to Q would just be confusing, could be the supposed figure for that recent conspiracy theory, its adherents, John de Lancey's character on star trek, or that character's species.
I think another interesting take someday would be on the last Sultan of Oman.
And if we're in the topic of Oman, what about their traditional third gender, the Khanith?
PUF’s pronouns were “friend/friend”
i was going to say that.
best ones
This is such a wholesome and respectful video (that I honestly didn't expect and I'm glad you were so thoughtful) You have earned an instant sub
This is a lovely video. Btw I can tell you really wanted to preface everything with an explanation but you don’t have to be so anxious discussing this topic. The best way to be inclusive is to throw away the awkward bits (and maybe even make a few mistakes) while you talk about enby people using the same casual tone you’d use with everyone else.
Also I’d recommend saying “themself” (singular) over saying “themselves” (plural)
hell yeah EmpororTigerstar video about the friend!!!!
Thank you.
Ridge: Wallet Legends
NGL, they almost seem like a more wholesome version of Chris Chan. Gender Identity issues coupled with a weird messianic delusions - but without the whole, y'know.
Questioning of gender and Messianic delusions is how you get some of the most interesting people in history though
@Joshua Mills here is a documentary she holds the title as the most documented person in the history of the internet th-cam.com/play/PLABqEYq6H3vpCmsmyUnHnfMOeAnjBdSNm.html
@Joshua Mills Don’t. You’re better off not knowing.
@Joshua Mills is still ongoing
Oh yeah.
This looks like a great video to sort by new 🍿
I'm so happy to know that can still cruise for enbees when I time travel 😃
*SILENCE JAMES!*
Exodus 3:14 "I am that I am."
the 18th century version of responding "Yes" to an A-not-A question
Table of Contents:
Disclaimers: 0:00
Ad: 4:16
Video: 5:09
Thank you
I’m trans, and I’m quite jealous the old me didn’t die and was replaced by an Angel or smth
A most interesting video of a person I had never heard of. Thank you.
WOW!!! This is the type of niche history that I just LOVE to learn about
Them being a quaker, a member of the society of friends, makes this way way better
15:00 this was also the case with Queen Christina
You should do a video on how Alexander the Great was allegedly bisexual. Although every single Greek man at the time probably was too
Yes, it would be interesting to discuss what our sources say about both Hephaestion and Bagoas. Indeed it seems like most Greeks of the time were bisexual, except Xenophon
every single rich greek man*
Yah pretty sure it goes beyond “allegedly”.
@@jaojao1768 I think that’s just the true nature of humanity. If you look at our closest relatives the bonobos they’re all exclusively bisexual. It’s just that over time as a society because we noticed that only heterosexual sex produces an offspring, that must be the only valid form of sex.
R/Achilles and his pal
(kind of for the allegedly)
epic
Excellent video!!
James Buchanan, let's go
Quakers BASED as always. If only they had more universally condemned slavery like the Germs of Germantown wanted.
Still though, very ahead of their time and very happy to see you cover The Friend.
She was a false prophet. This crap doesn't hold to proper scrutiny. Why do you trust Tigerstar so much? He played mental gymnastics in order to "prove" that bisexuality and pansexuality are the same thing.
@@SirBlackReeds you're not going to find a prophet I don't consider false. The friend and the quakers as a whole are still fascinating.
Looking forward to the future video on Roman Emperor/ Empress Heliogalabus :) (hint hint)
Yeah I knew I heard of this person somewhere…it was when I was randomly looking at Wikipedia in a IHOP
As a non-binary person, I really appreciate such a high quality, respectful video about the history of a person like me!
We stan
Public Universal Friend seems a little long. PUF?
PUF the magic dragon
Wow something you never hear about in our education system! Please keep this up!
I'm so glad you do these videos every year! Very informative!
It's where the term Puf originated
Excellent video. Educated me not only on the historical character it was about, but also on the proper way to refer to this group of people.
Keep making videos like these to weed out the lgbtphobia from your audience.
POG
BASED
@@ETB3341 It's really not.
@@butterbread858 "It's really not." I literally just said this, how on Earth did you miss it?
Those people who get and are people who are now discovering something about themselves and have trouble processing it 😂
thanks for the hint
The public universal frend seams like and awsome persion
Hey man nice video but I am so sorry about what is probably going to happen to your comments section
loved the video. Public universal freind is such a intresting character its one of those gems in history that i love to learn about .
Love you tigerstar. Thanks for doing this, ur my favorite youtuber
Thank you for making this!
Thank you for doing videos like these!
3:30 - Well, if we are talking about a person who died more than 50-60 Years ago, It's fine to use their death names.
Enby gang rise up
The Friend is the parent of all enbies.
based and valid
Rise up 🙏
I arrive
Enby gang
GO HISTORY BOY
slay
Based (in primary historical sources!) as always
2:52 minor spelling mistake, univeral
PUF
Very cool video. Nice topic I would have never heard about otherwise!
cool video
Great video, I really appreciate this series!
Gay
Based emperor tiger star
Chevalier d'Éon
Seconding a request for this.
I mean, Transvestite is not outdated, it’s just a more latin way to say crossdresser.