odds are pretty good that the sea people invasion resulted from a general civilization collapse that was already happening, and the real trigger was some kind of ecological problem, like we know for sure that the Indus Valley civilization's collapse was ecological but there is ample evidence of unrest and barbarism that resulted from it, which makes sense if you think about it
All the sea peoples were decimated, they brought women and children and their belongings with them, sounds like a symptom of the age and sheer desperation amidst the bronze age collapse of the world
The Sea Peoples always felt like an unfair in-game event, they just showed up out of nowhere and wrecked stuff. The art work in this brilliant as usual, it's great to see ancient faces and people depicted in a real way. Really brings them to life.
LOL; absolutely, I can imagine one of my favorite games like Crusader Kings or better even Tropico being interrupted by such a catastrophic, totally unfair, gam calamity. "Presidente, presidente! We have a huge crisis: the Sea Peoples are invading!" :D
The entire Bronze Age Collapse was probably the single most devastating balance patch in the history of civilisation. Perhaps even rivaling the Black Death.
The Black Death was ridiculous! It threw off the balance of the game completely and cause 1/3rd of the player base to rage quit. There was no need for that
just use the term "water tribes", bro. Like the original water tribe in Avatar, but with an 's' at the end, cause they were a collection of tribes.It just works.
@@Zara-T_780 Ok,fiiinnee. I'm not mad at you or anything.I'm just sayin', linguistically, the word "water" has a meaning that's close to sea, and "people" is close in meaning to tribe.I'm just a big Avatar fan,man. I mean, you certainly can't do the same to the fire nation. They were an allegory to the Japanese. Yamato means great.you can't substitute the fire nation with "the great people".It's just too broad.All people can achieve greatness but not all of them have the power to conjure fire. and yes I know that there are other ethnics who also live in Japan besides 'em,but's let's not talk about that now.
The ancient Assyrians wrote about "Yawnaya" (Ionian) pirates who would raid the Mediterranean coasts. The Assyrians even referred to Alexander as Alexander Yawnaya (the Ionian), likely because he spoke the same or similar language to these Ionian pirates and was thus associated with the pirates. Food for thought
Yavan (from Ionian) is also the word used in Sanskrit for Greeks and mentioned in many Sanskrit texts. There were Greek kingdoms in Bactria (modern day Afghanistan), and norht-western India (including today's Pakistan).
Well thats corect but those historians are useles...the hole west balkan was lived by ionian named as illyrian tribes a race of pelasgians and they got spread all over the mediterian.
The greeks were not pirats and they would not destroy them states...the illyrians tribe were pirates...and its 100% sure that the sea people came from the illyrian tribes.
I'm completely blown away with the story of the sea people. They gave no land on which to discover artifacts, but their mention is unavoidable in ancient history. It was nice seeing a video focused on just them.
Sea people where tribes living in today west balkan knowen as illyrian...they were spread all over the mediteranian cost like in italy iscland of sardinia spain north african cost...and thats why they came all together couse they spoke the same language a were from the same origine.
@@klodianbiba2142 You desperate people even want to claim nameless, uncivilized raiders who caused the collapse of civilization and were so savage they hardly left any trace to commemorate them. Even Tamerlane and Genghis Khan knew to learn from the people they sacked and thus left cities or roads behind. These Sea People were quite illiterate savages. Maybe the dumbest and most primitive raiders any major crisis on civilization has seen.
@@zippyparakeet1074 yeah thats funny by you good comedian...i suggest you to keep on going with comedy and leave the history to whom does make reseach and studies on it.
no, its an archeological study, primarily, that takes into account all possible socio-economic, environmental, and geographical hypotheses as to what may have occurred to disrupt bronze age life...kinda lets down the reader in the sense that a handful of key theories exist to explain how the bronze age civilization collapses, but with no definitive answer. think of this video as a mere outline to the book (i.e., LOTS more interesting details in the book...obviously a 10 minute video can't cover much ground)
Eric Cline does flashback to the previous centuries when the bronze age civilizations were on their peak. This flashback explains the collapse of the older empires (Hittites, Mycenaeans, Egypt etc) and the rise of the new ones such as Israel and Assyria. Egypt did not really collapsed but it lost the southern part of Syria and declined after the victories against the Sea Peoples.
The Mycenaeans were like, "Our kingdoms are collapsing, and it took so long to build them, oh it's *such* a drag to rebuild them... Let's destroy everyone else's instead, so we are even! Who's with me?!"
Whenever anyone else covers this topic it always starts and ends with, "And then the Sea People showed up out of nowhere and we have no idea who they were or if they even existed at all." I never knew there was so much historians have already theorised about them.
@@gostandinostheodossiou6727It's Phoenecians aka Canaanites aka proto-Jews. They had colonies in Spain and elsewhere. Sea Peoples were likely their slaves that they had bred with over a few hundred years. They used them to destroy their enemies.
Who would win? A millennium of prosperity and growth with the earliest known instance of a "globalized" economy and mass production, or some pirate dudes?
Well by this time many of the great empires were in collapse. That would be like saying the Germanic tribes were the sole reason the Roman Empire fell without acknowledging the decades and centuries of decline before then
The problem was exactly the globalized economy. The bronze age empires were too dependent on mutual trade, and if one piece fell the rest collapsed like a house of cards. The main issue was that to make bronze weapons, you need bronze. To make bronze you need copper and tin, and these are almost never found together. Thus needed to be traded from far away. Commerce interrupted=no bronze=no weapons.
Thanks man! Just watched your awesome Ironclad video...would have been pretty stunning to have witnessed the Monitor and the Merrimack ricocheting cannonballs off each other
@@huskyfaninmass1042 One is correct, the other isn't. Unique means, one of a kind, thus "very unique" is a redundancy. The Armchair Historian (I inspired to call myself that with my own channel before he was a thing, but I didn't get around to it) is attempting to add vigour to his words, and is actually saying "this topic is exceedingly special/fascinating/intriguing", as it only qualifies as unique in that it is a specific arch in chronological time; but then so to is everything in history; indeed, every person and organism is unique - so is every sub-atomic particle, if you get technical. A figure of speech and an example of how poorly language attests to our thoughts and emotions. What puzzles me more is his use of a preterite or simple past tense in "(I) Loved" with the word "always", which is a Continous adverb in the same clause. Not least of all given that this is a re-watchable video and not an experience limited to memory.
In bible philistines came from an island called caphtor, and many historian believe caphtor is crete and they're already migrated aroud bronze age..so they're might be minoan greek
@Thorekk you clearly don't know what the term "semitic" encompasses. You just insulted Arabs, Jews, Mandaeans, Samaritans, and Assyrians/Syriacs and called them destroyers of civilization which, with the current majority religion in mind, I wouldn't disagree with. When it comes to the progression of civilization however, Jews easily take the cake - while the rest ferment in their institutions so corrupted by nepotism that no real progress can be made other than for choosing who - other than themselves - takes the blame for the situation they put themselves in. Trust me, it isn't this tiny minority called Jews, it's the narrow-minded, bigoted and stale majority of the muslim fath. Grow up and take responsibility for your own shit instead of blaming it on someone else.
@hellos grog majority of All European arent Excatly white too.. they are more Has brownish Shade than Central& East Asian who has such Clear white skin.. at least in my Opinion after Saw and compared many German tourists with Japanese tourists in Air port
@@williamgarayua5878 frkin ingrates. The Jews thrived in many places in the muslim world, in anadalus, in yemen etc. while the christians were constantly persecuting them. Now they turn it all around and act as if the muslims persecuted them all along(probably to justify what they're doing to palestinians, bombing men who have glass bottles and makeshift guns for weapons). The greatest rabbis were literally living peacefully in muslim lands.
If they haven't by now, I imagine Sesame Street would parody the Sea Peoples as Muppets with C's embroidered on their armor and weapons and making all sorts of C-based puns as they go to plunder.
@Manley Nelson// When Dr. Cline told that story about people wearing C's on their attire for a costume contest saying they were Sea Peoples, I thought to myself: "That joke is right up Sesame Street's alley." In the Monsterpiece Theatre on The Old Man and the Sea, we see Grover fishing on a boat, on a big letter C.
One nation only? No, seven or a dozen! It's "Peoples", plural, for a reason. And they surely even fight each other, else who looted all Greece soon afterwards. I'm sure they were the Weshesh, the Sherden, the Shekelesh and the Teresh.
@@cramMetallic - That depends on context, specific meaning. When we use people as nation or equivalent sub-national or community, it is singular, example: "the Danish are one people" and can and should be pluralized therefore, for example: "the Scandinavian peoples". People is only plural when it's not used to mean a collectivity but a generality of individual persons: "people say...", "the people gathered...", etc.
@@stoferb876 Just saying. Some Vikings wore horned helmets…. It was an inherited thing to do, dating all the way back to Bronze Age. Literally thousands and thousands of men or Gods wearing horns / horned helmets are depicted in Scandinavian petroglyphs and metalwork. There are even men (or Gods) wearing horned helmets depicted on real helmets without horns. It was the belief - probably all over the ancient world - that wearing something from an animal would transfer some of its strength. The Scandinavians of cause didn’t wear horned helmets or (whole) furs from bears / wolfs in battle, it was ONLY during rituals / ceremonies.
These videos are really great for keeping things in perspective quickly and easily as I have been bouncing around your related videos. Grasping time spans (Egypt...ugh!), and understanding interactions with neighboring cultures is so much easier to grasp the way you condense things. Thank you!👍
The hype for Operation Odysseus has paid off!! Been looking forward to this for some time, and lo and behold Epimetheus releases a video about the Sea People, one of my favourite mysteries of the ancient world. Great video! :)
I love it that nowadays there's a revival of interest in ancient history (in this case REALLY ancient) among the younger generation. In my younger days, you couldn't get anybody interested in it. Very good video. Even if these hypotheses can't be proven they OUGHT to be true!
Bronze Age: We Wuz Kangz! *Mediterranean Vikings: The hell you ain't 😈 (Oh yeah they had horned helmets too, I guess the old Wagnerian depiction of Vikings fit for those guys)
Thank you very much. This is an excellent summary of what we have learned so far. Just a few decades ago the knowledge was minimal so I am learning this for the first time
Thank you for the excellent production value, good script just filled to the brim with wonderful history, and to top it off I do like your narration style especially how you shift your vowel inflections to emphasize important points. Now I have a new list of interesting historical events to look at learn from. I am curious about how you gravitated towards ancient history. Santayana was so correct about the the dangers of ignoring history, but which also means that the constant reinterpretion of history is crucial when new facts arise and when we look at macro & micro models of history. Oh yes, the playlist you linked to in one of your posts is just what I was looking for. Cheers from Canada.
Just found you, I’m INSTANTLY a fan!! I absolutely love history and your way of retelling the story is awesome, well researched and unique! New sub rite here! Begin video binge now!
Dude, been thinking about who they were for the past several days! Had to insta-like and insta-comment before watching the video! Cheers y'all, and thanks again Epimetheus for your amazing content, dedication to research and spreading knowledge onto the common folk like myself! Thanks again brother
Yayyy! This was what i exactly needed. A few years back i was really interested in these people but there werent enough information i could find, and my english was pretty poor compared to now back then. Thanks!
Greeks, Sardinians, and Sicilians. They're a very interesting confederation of different European people with a common goal: to go Viking before the Vikings!
:) HAHAHAHA yes I agree. But I don't think that at this time these people saw themselves as European. But this is possible that they shared some linga franca
Of course, they also create a big state in Central Asia (The greco bactrian kingdom) who existed during 200 years. But at the time of this event, this state had been subjuged to Yuezhi
Sea peoples are the name given by ancient archaeologists and historians of the Middle East in the 19th century to a group of ancient peoples that migrated through the Mediterranean sea and attacked the kingdoms that were located east of the Mediterranean basin, Egypt as well as the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and the Anatolians in Anatolia. The attacks of sea people led to the fall of the Hittitese mpire and the weakening of the Pharaonic Kingdom of Egypt for a long time, and the destruction of many cities of the eastern Mediterranean, such as Ogarit. The sea people , most importantly the Palestinians (Philistines) , have taken control of large areas of the southern coast of Canaan. There are also theories that the emigration of sea peoples is a migratory migration, as they returned to their original homeland Palestine, after they established kingdoms in Greece. The earliest mention of the sea people dates back to the end of the 13th century BC, where Pharaoh Merneptah lists the peoples he has won, among them "foreign sea people " as he described in his letters. 20 years later, Pharaoh Ramses III mentions another attack of these peoples on Egypt and boasts that he defeated them despite their power that led to the defeat of the Hittites and other nations . Some historians doubt the credibility of Ramses III's report, and believe that he attributed Merenptah's victories to himself. BTW jews don't like them because they defeated them many times.
Nice video, your art gets better and better with each installment. Will you be doing any more videos on the wider context of the Late Bronze Age Collapse? It's one of the most fascinating and mysterious periods in history.
awesome video! finally chipping away at the air of mystery surrounding the sea peoples. Now it makes sense and most of all pretty clear it was a logical series of events following the Bronze age collapse. Now I can focus on the solving who the Weshesh were and origins.
The Sea Peoples were the Mediterranean Sea version of the Vikings :D Also nice video btw. When I was a kid in school I remember they taught us a theory that what actually caused the sea people's raids was a volcano that erupted and destroyed their homeland.
wrote a research paper years ago about the sea peoples. origins of the Sea Peoples (i made the argument their origins were across the Mediterranean World) who resettled into the ANE for subsistence purposes beyond raiding. Great video!
Definitely were guys one would not want to mess with...Unless your the Sea People! :) Some now don't think they sacked Hatti, but Ramses III thought they did...so I'll go with his info, he lived through it
I'd say it was the Bryges-Phrygians-Armenians, who were a bit more land-minded and thus never made it to Egypt but they were in the wider plot or coalition, no doubt.
@@EpimetheusHistory - The Ugarit tables, taken at face value at least, suggest that prior to the invasion of Cyprus and Syria, there was already ongoing war further west ("all my ships are in Lukka", etc.) To me it seems the Greeks were leading (somehow it must be related to the Trojan War, also Cyprus hellenization, etc.) but that there was a huge amount of nations. The Egyptans treat it almost as a "Viking raid" (a major one anyhow) but to my eyes it was rather like a World War between (main powers) Greeks and Hittites (and whoever else they thought ripe for the taking).
I am impressed by your presentation. Visual and audible illustrations give a vivid imagination of what took place. Which gives a clear perspective on our current time... Thank you. P.s. Have you heard of the table of nations?
A great introduction to a still not fully understood event in the bronze age. Although Ramses II (1213-1279 BCE) had fairly small battles with the Sherden, Lukka and Karkisha.who may have been mercenaries for the ever annoying Libyans, records show the Sherden particularly were also used by the Egyptians as mercenaries too. Merenptah (1213-1204 BCE , son of Ramses and later Ramses III (1187-1156 BCE) felt the full brunt of the Sea Peoples invasion. Both times the Peoples brought their families shown by Oxen driven carts in inscriptions. Merenptah records attack by the Libyans, Ekwesh, Teresh, Lukka, Sherden, and Shekelesh. The Meshwesh appear later in the text as do the Ekwesh and Teresh and not grouped with the sea peoples. Later in the document the numbers of the dead and valuables taken from the invaders list 742 dead from the Ekwesh with the figures not shown for the other groups. Ramses III denotes the Peleset, Tjeker, Shekelesh, Denyen and Weshesh were among the Sea Peoples he defeated. I would caution transliterating Egyptian names for these peoples into our knowledge of who they are. Because the subtraction of vowels may lead us to assume similar sounding names today can be wildly wrong and scholars still fiercely debate their original locations. The only agreed name are the Peleset who are believed to be the Philistines of the Bible. If you think today, we call the country Germany, the French say Allemagne, the Swedish say Tyskland, none are even close to what they call themselves-- Deutschland as examples of how one people can be called many names by their neighbors.
To be fair though, comparing the name of a nation state with that of a tribe is not accurate since, during that time, peoples existed, not nations. For example, the French name for Germany- Allemagne- clearly originates from the Latin word Alemannia which means "the land of the Alemanni", Alemanni being the Germanic tribe living roughly in the areas of Bavaria and Alsace. Although it is debated if they were a single tribe or a tribal confederation- although the French usage of the world would make even more sense if it referred to a confederation of tribes. Anyways, other countries use the transliteration of the same Latin word to refer to Germans such as the Spanish- Alemania, Portuguese- Alemanha, Welsh- Yr Almaen, Arabic- Almania, Turkish- Almanya, Persian- Alman. Western Europeans states continued to use the terms because of the Romance languages they use while the Eastern states used the term clearly either because of their interactions with the continuing Roman Empire in the East or because of the later interactions with the Franks during the crusades.
I love to hear about those most ancient civilisations and their wars. It always gives me a mindfuck and some uncanny feeling. Hearing about their wars and migrations, it's strange, interesting and amazing.
I'm new to this channel and got to say i'm liking the content so far. Some recommendations (take these with a grain of salt) perhaps the voice could be little less rough and gruff. No complaints on the content, leaving a sub.
@Woiller- Relic Vikings were not aggressive as the pop culture suggests. They were farmers, not warlike as the sea people. Unlike the sea people, vikings tend to raid and retreat, not wanting to fight pitched battles.
Heard a lot about the possibility of Mycenaean warriors being the sea people due to their excessively violent collapse and the invasion of the Dorians into Greece. It's good to learn about the other supposed origins of the sea peoples.
Yep it is known that the collapse of Mycenaean Greece/Achaeans was incredibly violent/chaotic as seen by archeological evidence such as remains of arrowheads, broken weapons, burn marks on ruins, etc. indicating battles being fought and cities getting razed to the ground. Remains of fortified hamlets at high elevations to protect the survivors from, well, something. It is clear that it was an age of massive depopulation and destruction. Any Mycenaeans who remained either migrated away in thousands of boats with families and cattle towards the east or the little who remained hid away in these fortified hamlets and forgot how to write.
@@zippyparakeet1074Dorians were the Indo European Hellenics also known as maccedonians during classical age.. they migrated/invaded Mycenean, then the minority of Mycenaeans such as the Ionians/Acheans, Aeolians were vast war migrated to Near East
You should give this an update with the new DNA information on the possible origin of the Philistines from the Aegean, Sardinia, and the Iberian coast.
Last I check it was completely unknown who the sea people were. How did this change so radically? Did archaeologists stumble upon a contemporary account of what was going on in recent years?
Really love your videos and I have a tendency of rewatching them occasionally too, especially this one. On a sidenote, what's the music you used in the background? Really lovely tune and it vaguely reminds me of some old game but I can't put my finger on which one.
very interesting video. I would have added the fact that in the XIII-XII centuries BC a "minor" climate change happened in the Mediterranean. there were droughts through the region that let south eastern iberian late bronce culture El Argar to collapse too
Thinking of Scotland, as I do from the somewhat similar mountains of northern India, which have been my home for near on twenty years, I do so from a rather Indian perspective, that of families, clans and tribes living on land that they consider to be their ancestral land, however with the understanding that those same ancestors had themselves migrated from their ancestral lands in a far off past kept alive in stories from both manuscript and memory. What began as a fascination with the origins of the peoples of the the himalayan ranges led quite naturally to an interest in where we all come from, our origins. The Indians of course, as the most ancient of civilisations, had an understanding themselves of the world, how it was made, when and, more importantly for this piece, who populated it and where they settled. One of the more ancient of the Vedic texts that form part of the ‘liturgy’ of the hindus (which we were all, at one time, in our human history) is the code of Manu, the lawgiver, not in coincidentally similar to Maru, the lawgiver of Japanese culture, or Minos of Crete or Moses who we are perhaps more familiar with. The laws of Manu tell that from the caste of the kshatriyas sprung the peoples they knew as Yavanas and we know as Greeks; the Pahlavas or Persians, others who would eventually form the cultures of Siam, China, Burma and Tibet and the people known to us as Scythian but to the Sanskrit writers, as Saka. The Scythian are mentioned too in the Old Testament, as are many of the same names of the nations of people described and located in other contemporary texts and tablets. The Egyptians and the Hittites of Anatolia being the two others who were to play leading roles and help us to make significant strides in understanding the ancient and transcendental culture that was to become Scotland. In the Scottish peoples Declaration of Arbroath, which our readers will no doubt be familiar with, the authors gave a brief history of their forefathers, their journeys and the europe of that time. Although written in the 14th century, the document is remarkably similar to the stories written in the centuries before by Greeks, Romans and the English writer, Bede, to name but a few. The seventh century Saint Isidore writing in his Encyclopaedia of Knowledge, drawn from ancient Latin and Greek sources, recorded that the ancient inhabitants of what is now Spain and Portugal and was then known as Iberia, were the war-like Haspernians, a name not too dissimilar to the Hibernians of Hibernia or Ireland. We know that the atlantic seaboard provided the route for genes to move from south to north as northern europe was repopulated after the ice that had marked that age had receded and reshaped the land and sea. The genes had names and names tell stories even if they change after generations of whispers. The Scots of Ulster and Dal Riata asserted that they had hailed from the marriage of an Egyptian pharaoh’s daughter, Scota and a Scythian general of her father’s army who had refused to pursue the Israelites as they fled across the Red Sea. They settled in exile with their entourage in Ulster as the Scots and then Scotland, giving our country their and her name. In the old German spoken in the ancient times, the word for Scotland and for Scythian is the same, Scutten. The Scythian peoples dominated the steppe north of the Black Sea at that time. A matrilineal culture who painted their bodies and who had developed an extraordinarily high standard of craftsmanship with metal, particularly gold, they faded from history at about the time that scholars first begin to describe another matrilineal, body painting, metal working people, the Picts. Were they the same people? Pictland was an amalgamation of minor kingdoms, the northernmost being Cait, that eventually would give it’s name to the county we know as Caithness. To the Gaelic speakers of Dal Riata and Ireland, the part of Pictland known as Cait, was known as cataibh, meaning ‘among the cats’ and to the Norse speaking Orcadians it was called Katanes, ‘headland of the cats’. According to the seventeenth century historian, Sir Robert Gordon, in the century after Christ, AD 82, two boatloads of warriors had arrived in Caithness from their lands in Friesland, Batavia, known as the Netherlands these days, where they had made their home after retreating to there from the southern part of the Roman province of Germania, in the area of modern day Hesse, which had been occupied by the legions of Rome in the decades that had preceded. These people were the Catti. History goes on to tell us that the chief of the Catti had married a daughter of the Pictish King, Brude and by the time Kenneth Mac Alpin, King Alpin had joined the Scottish and Pictish thrones, the Senachies had named Gilli Chattan Noir as the chief of the Catti and from him are descended Clan Keith and also the clans of MacKenzie, MacPherson, Sutherland and Davidson, known as the confederation of Clan Chatten. In old German, Hesse was known as Hatti, the same name that they gave to the Hittites of Anatolia, to the south of the Black Sea and the same name the Hittites knew themselves by. The Egyptians knew the Hittites as the Kethi. The emblem of both the Hatti (Kethi) and the Catti (Hatti) was the black cat. The black cat remains on the banners of the Earls of Sutherland and Clan Chatten, each themselves descendants of the Catti/Pictish nobility. The Indo European Hittites had been amongst those at the forefront of the civilisations of the time, pioneers of bronze age’s technological advancements, they had been the first to introduce codified civil and criminal law, indeed the first example of an international peace treaty to conclude a war is between the Hittites and the Mitanni of northern Mesopotamia, signed by their leaders, under oath before the Indic Gods Varuna, Indra, Mitra and Nasatya.A copy of this legal first adorns the United Nations building in New York City, a testament to what can be achieved by mediation rather than militarism. Scotland was populated from the collapsing civilisations of the Mediterranean and the near east; from the Hittites and Scythians of the Black Sea, the Egyptians and dare I say, some of the sons of Esau who had married into both Hittite and Egyptian royalty and whose genetic characteristics of red hair and blue eyes are still disproportionately found in the blood of the Scots. Around the globe, between one and two percent of people have red hair, a figure that rises to thirteen percent in Scotland, with almost 40 percent being carriers of the allele. In the Ashkenazy Jewish community significantly higher than average levels of red hair be detected, but not nearly to the same level found amongst the modern day Scots and Irish. Indeed, eastern europe and Russia, red hair was associated with jewry and in Spain during the inquisition, red hair could be a death sentence based on the same prejudice. The building of Hadrian’s wall guaranteed that those families on the northern side were isolated, the distinctive system of clans that would come to define the country could develop and the ancient bloodlines that had long before sought refuge and sanctuary on the fringes of the known world, could bond and maintain themselves as a united collective amidst the mayhem and murder that would come to mark the dark and middle ages. The fact that these people remained out with the formal roman empire, meant that they could define themselves as being free and independent as well as maintaining their distinctive culture until the union with England in 1603. Indeed Samuel Johnson, the doctor of letters who gave the world the first English dictionary and who was the preeminent English academic of his time, had lamented, that with a Stuart on the throne in London, the jewish habits of the Scots had infiltrated and polluted the good christian peoples of his green and pleasant lands. Perhaps these habits stemmed from those early settlers from the middle east who gave us the contents of their memory and their minds, as well as the confidence that emanates from a successful, proven people. It is this ancient heritage, that is embedded in the subconscious of our people, that has meant that to this day we will always consider ourselves as being free and independent irrespective of our circumstances and as being Scots from Scotland. Read to Learn to Know @ Twentythirstcenturynet.wordpress.com Essays, art and poetry
Full operation Odysseus Playlist Link-A huge Nautical themed collaboration!
th-cam.com/play/PLDb22nlVXGgd2rdNu1C44t-hoYXA9bL2M.html
Thanks. One of the great mysteries of thw world.
Hey,can you do a video about history of Romania?
Wow that’s cool!
Wow, I'm so absolutely bookmarking that to watch bit by bit. Seems a truly impressive endeavor and very worth enjoying. Thanks a lot to all.
Bronze Age total war would be awesome
"that's a nice civilization you've got there it be a shame if something were to happen to it" sea person 1200 ish BC
Nice army base you got here, Colonel. Well,you know Colonel, things break. - Luigi Vercotti.
Good one
odds are pretty good that the sea people invasion resulted from a general civilization collapse that was already happening, and the real trigger was some kind of ecological problem, like we know for sure that the Indus Valley civilization's collapse was ecological but there is ample evidence of unrest and barbarism that resulted from it, which makes sense if you think about it
All the sea peoples were decimated, they brought women and children and their belongings with them, sounds like a symptom of the age and sheer desperation amidst the bronze age collapse of the world
Who wants Bronze Age Total War?
Victory Obaseki no thats iron age
@@Parables_of_Prosperity bro.
That's classical antiquity, not the bronze age.
There is a a mod of Rome II called Age of Bronze
Not Total War, but the first Age of Empires game was based off the Bronze Age.
Lets crush the sea people!
The Sea Peoples always felt like an unfair in-game event, they just showed up out of nowhere and wrecked stuff. The art work in this brilliant as usual, it's great to see ancient faces and people depicted in a real way. Really brings them to life.
LOL; absolutely, I can imagine one of my favorite games like Crusader Kings or better even Tropico being interrupted by such a catastrophic, totally unfair, gam calamity. "Presidente, presidente! We have a huge crisis: the Sea Peoples are invading!" :D
@@alexandrine1558 Only the Egyptians got nerfed. Everybody else got vaulted.
@@bredmond812 *quit the game (we're still playing the r/outside thing,right?)
The entire Bronze Age Collapse was probably the single most devastating balance patch in the history of civilisation. Perhaps even rivaling the Black Death.
The Black Death was ridiculous! It threw off the balance of the game completely and cause 1/3rd of the player base to rage quit. There was no need for that
Once, the bronze age kingdoms lived in peace and harmony. Then everything changed when the sea people attacked
Peace and harmony...
Well the second Sea Peoples' wave was led by the Hittites, the third one by the Greeks. Peace and harmony... ha!
just use the term "water tribes", bro. Like the original water tribe in Avatar, but with an 's' at the end, cause they were a collection of tribes.It just works.
@@Zara-T_780 Ok,fiiinnee. I'm not mad at you or anything.I'm just sayin', linguistically, the word "water" has a meaning that's close to sea, and "people" is close in meaning to tribe.I'm just a big Avatar fan,man. I mean, you certainly can't do the same to the fire nation. They were an allegory to the Japanese. Yamato means great.you can't substitute the fire nation with "the great people".It's just too broad.All people can achieve greatness but not all of them have the power to conjure fire. and yes I know that there are other ethnics who also live in Japan besides 'em,but's let's not talk about that now.
Its the peace until i got an arrow to the knee
Yea yea but the feminist culture now is destroying our world
**knock, knock**
"Who's there?"
"Sea people."
"Sea people who?"
"See people die as we sack your cities!"
...that was a good one to be honest😂
🤣🤣
sea deez nuts people
Ramesses II: Sea People die as you try.
Too soon
The ancient Assyrians wrote about "Yawnaya" (Ionian) pirates who would raid the Mediterranean coasts. The Assyrians even referred to Alexander as Alexander Yawnaya (the Ionian), likely because he spoke the same or similar language to these Ionian pirates and was thus associated with the pirates. Food for thought
Yavan (from Ionian) is also the word used in Sanskrit for Greeks and mentioned in many Sanskrit texts. There were Greek kingdoms in Bactria (modern day Afghanistan), and norht-western India (including today's Pakistan).
Well thats corect but those historians are useles...the hole west balkan was lived by ionian named as illyrian tribes a race of pelasgians and they got spread all over the mediterian.
Greeks from IONIA
The greeks were not pirats and they would not destroy them states...the illyrians tribe were pirates...and its 100% sure that the sea people came from the illyrian tribes.
@@klodianbiba2142 Greeks are Masters at Sea , always have been always will be .
I'm completely blown away with the story of the sea people. They gave no land on which to discover artifacts, but their mention is unavoidable in ancient history. It was nice seeing a video focused on just them.
Sea people where tribes living in today west balkan knowen as illyrian...they were spread all over the mediteranian cost like in italy iscland of sardinia spain north african cost...and thats why they came all together couse they spoke the same language a were from the same origine.
@@klodianbiba2142 You desperate people even want to claim nameless, uncivilized raiders who caused the collapse of civilization and were so savage they hardly left any trace to commemorate them. Even Tamerlane and Genghis Khan knew to learn from the people they sacked and thus left cities or roads behind. These Sea People were quite illiterate savages. Maybe the dumbest and most primitive raiders any major crisis on civilization has seen.
@@klodianbiba2142 here come the Albanians claiming everything in the entire world originated from Albania 😂😂😂
@@zippyparakeet1074 yeah thats funny by you good comedian...i suggest you to keep on going with comedy and leave the history to whom does make reseach and studies on it.
@@klodianbiba2142 definitely not you
The sardinians. Being vikings before being a viking was cool.
best part is that the sardinians really used horned helmets, while real Vikings don't
And as a result im sure less Vikings had their necks broke in battle
We Sardinians were basically Atlanteans
@Woiller- Relic we are Brothers in Battle and Trade,and as such..Both Vikings and Shardana Warriors will both take part in Ragnarok
You can imagine what vikings are doing at this time in norse world ? XD 🤔
did you know that the diet of sea people consisted on the tears of the enemies they destroyed
pickpocketing
what MORE salt water?
No wonder they were so hungry all the time
They must malnourished as hell!
Cringe
There’s a great book on this subject called “1177 BC: The Year Civilization Collapsed”
A novel or..?
no, its an archeological study, primarily, that takes into account all possible socio-economic, environmental, and geographical hypotheses as to what may have occurred to disrupt bronze age life...kinda lets down the reader in the sense that a handful of key theories exist to explain how the bronze age civilization collapses, but with no definitive answer. think of this video as a mere outline to the book (i.e., LOTS more interesting details in the book...obviously a 10 minute video can't cover much ground)
It’s a very good read. Eric Cline does a great job of putting the Bronze Age into words.
@@ilangoldman8224 Wow, gonna watch the full video, thanks.
Eric Cline does flashback to the previous centuries when the bronze age civilizations were on their peak. This flashback explains the collapse of the older empires (Hittites, Mycenaeans, Egypt etc) and the rise of the new ones such as Israel and Assyria. Egypt did not really collapsed but it lost the southern part of Syria and declined after the victories against the Sea Peoples.
This is why we can't have nice Bronze Ages.
Lol
The Mycenaeans were like, "Our kingdoms are collapsing, and it took so long to build them, oh it's *such* a drag to rebuild them... Let's destroy everyone else's instead, so we are even! Who's with me?!"
Why does this have less than 1k likes?
@@user-ip5yc7bg2k maybe it hits to close to home? Not sure how though.
Whenever anyone else covers this topic it always starts and ends with, "And then the Sea People showed up out of nowhere and we have no idea who they were or if they even existed at all." I never knew there was so much historians have already theorised about them.
What's strange us Thier DNA it's part Spanish and west Asia with a little greek not the mixture you find in Greece or Cyprus
@@gostandinostheodossiou6727It's Phoenecians aka Canaanites aka proto-Jews. They had colonies in Spain and elsewhere. Sea Peoples were likely their slaves that they had bred with over a few hundred years. They used them to destroy their enemies.
Who would win? A millennium of prosperity and growth with the earliest known instance of a "globalized" economy and mass production, or some pirate dudes?
the ones with the less commodities and with more ambition to own something they lack so much
Well by this time many of the great empires were in collapse. That would be like saying the Germanic tribes were the sole reason the Roman Empire fell without acknowledging the decades and centuries of decline before then
@HAYAO LEONE If [joke missed=TRUE], run [r/whoosh.reply]
The problem was exactly the globalized economy. The bronze age empires were too dependent on mutual trade, and if one piece fell the rest collapsed like a house of cards. The main issue was that to make bronze weapons, you need bronze. To make bronze you need copper and tin, and these are almost never found together. Thus needed to be traded from far away. Commerce interrupted=no bronze=no weapons.
well those pirate dudes later being defeated by the hebrews
Very unique topic Epimetheus! Loved your artwork as always.
Thanks man! Just watched your awesome Ironclad video...would have been pretty stunning to have witnessed the Monitor and the Merrimack ricocheting cannonballs off each other
What exactly is the difference between "unique" and "very unique"?
@@huskyfaninmass1042 One is correct, the other isn't. Unique means, one of a kind, thus "very unique" is a redundancy. The Armchair Historian (I inspired to call myself that with my own channel before he was a thing, but I didn't get around to it) is attempting to add vigour to his words, and is actually saying "this topic is exceedingly special/fascinating/intriguing", as it only qualifies as unique in that it is a specific arch in chronological time; but then so to is everything in history; indeed, every person and organism is unique - so is every sub-atomic particle, if you get technical.
A figure of speech and an example of how poorly language attests to our thoughts and emotions.
What puzzles me more is his use of a preterite or simple past tense in "(I) Loved" with the word "always", which is a Continous adverb in the same clause. Not least of all given that this is a re-watchable video and not an experience limited to memory.
@@matthewlaurence3121 nnnnnnnnnnnerd!
Oh hello there
Seems recent DNA analysis confirms that the Philistines were indeed of Greek-ish origin.
Yeah I read somewhere they came from Crete.
Főfasírozó exactly, people believe anything 🤦🏾♂️
@Főfasírozó y
@Valentina Valley So, like, "Pelasgians"?
In bible philistines came from an island called caphtor, and many historian believe caphtor is crete and they're already migrated aroud bronze age..so they're might be minoan greek
TAKE THAT BRONZE AGE!
#EarlyModernPeriodIsBestPeriod.
This meme brought to you by the early civilian age
*Take THAT, Bronze Age!
@Thorekk you clearly don't know what the term "semitic" encompasses. You just insulted Arabs, Jews, Mandaeans, Samaritans, and Assyrians/Syriacs and called them destroyers of civilization which, with the current majority religion in mind, I wouldn't disagree with. When it comes to the progression of civilization however, Jews easily take the cake - while the rest ferment in their institutions so corrupted by nepotism that no real progress can be made other than for choosing who - other than themselves - takes the blame for the situation they put themselves in. Trust me, it isn't this tiny minority called Jews, it's the narrow-minded, bigoted and stale majority of the muslim fath.
Grow up and take responsibility for your own shit instead of blaming it on someone else.
Those damn sea people! always breaking our bronze age civilizations.
The Sea Peoples and me.
They are called higsos in spanish
@@ShadowMinnie and hyksos in ancient egyptean... 🤔
That's why we can't have nice bronze things.
BigDirtyUncle why we can’t have nice things :(.
Wow they're like the vikings but actually did wear horned helmets
In regards to the Philistines, the name Pleset is derived from Hebrew "Pleshet" which comes from the root word to describe invaders in Hebrew.
@hellos grog majority of All European arent Excatly white too.. they are more Has brownish Shade than Central& East Asian who has such Clear white skin.. at least in my Opinion after Saw and compared many German tourists with Japanese tourists in Air port
Dear "@@sanarroyos5501" : ✈🚶Comparing tourists at Airport is not the best Census; history of DNA is longer than Passport lines...
wgt
Really? Why would the Egyptians use a word from Hebrew to describe a 3rd group of people?
@@williamgarayua5878 So they took for themselves the name which means "invaders" :D:D:D?
@@williamgarayua5878 frkin ingrates. The Jews thrived in many places in the muslim world, in anadalus, in yemen etc. while the christians were constantly persecuting them. Now they turn it all around and act as if the muslims persecuted them all along(probably to justify what they're doing to palestinians, bombing men who have glass bottles and makeshift guns for weapons). The greatest rabbis were literally living peacefully in muslim lands.
If they haven't by now, I imagine Sesame Street would parody the Sea Peoples as Muppets with C's embroidered on their armor and weapons and making all sorts of C-based puns as they go to plunder.
That's an awesome image, dude!
@Manley Nelson// When Dr. Cline told that story about people wearing C's on their attire for a costume contest saying they were Sea Peoples, I thought to myself: "That joke is right up Sesame Street's alley." In the Monsterpiece Theatre on The Old Man and the Sea, we see Grover fishing on a boat, on a big letter C.
@@KTChamberlain I think that's transformative enough to count as a homage. :P
I would absolutely LOVE to see a the Henson Creature shop create these puppets
Perfect topic to kick off Operation Odysseus! Great job 👏👏👏 One of my favorite time periods in history.
Thanks! Glad you liked it
Great video man! This is probably the first time a seafaring nation went rogue. Move over Vikings, the Sardinians are in town!
One nation only? No, seven or a dozen! It's "Peoples", plural, for a reason. And they surely even fight each other, else who looted all Greece soon afterwards. I'm sure they were the Weshesh, the Sherden, the Shekelesh and the Teresh.
@@LuisAldamiz People is already plural. hahaha. Peoples??? Come on...
@@cramMetallic
Peoples is correct. Look it up in a dictionary.
@@cramMetallic - That depends on context, specific meaning. When we use people as nation or equivalent sub-national or community, it is singular, example: "the Danish are one people" and can and should be pluralized therefore, for example: "the Scandinavian peoples". People is only plural when it's not used to mean a collectivity but a generality of individual persons: "people say...", "the people gathered...", etc.
@@stoferb876 Just saying. Some Vikings wore horned helmets…. It was an inherited thing to do, dating all the way back to Bronze Age.
Literally thousands and thousands of men or Gods wearing horns / horned helmets are depicted in Scandinavian petroglyphs and metalwork. There are even men (or Gods) wearing horned helmets depicted on real helmets without horns. It was the belief - probably all over the ancient world - that wearing something from an animal would transfer some of its strength. The Scandinavians of cause didn’t wear horned helmets or (whole) furs from bears / wolfs in battle, it was ONLY during rituals / ceremonies.
These videos are really great for keeping things in perspective quickly and easily as I have been bouncing around your related videos. Grasping time spans (Egypt...ugh!), and understanding interactions with neighboring cultures is so much easier to grasp the way you condense things. Thank you!👍
Sardinian here. Finally a good content about our history in english!
The hype for Operation Odysseus has paid off!! Been looking forward to this for some time, and lo and behold Epimetheus releases a video about the Sea People, one of my favourite mysteries of the ancient world. Great video! :)
The problem is the DNA of the sea people was a mixture of Spanish and west Asian mainly not greek
I love it that nowadays there's a revival of interest in ancient history (in this case REALLY ancient) among the younger generation. In my younger days, you couldn't get anybody interested in it. Very good video. Even if these hypotheses can't be proven they OUGHT to be true!
Prominent for nobodies looking for nationalistic pride for their inglorious countries. Hence the Albanian and Greek debate going on in these comments.
@@maaz322 Albanians are forever searching for something, anything, in their history to be proud of. And the search continues...
Bronze Age: We Wuz Kangz!
*Mediterranean Vikings: The hell you ain't 😈
(Oh yeah they had horned helmets too, I guess the old Wagnerian depiction of Vikings fit for those guys)
Vikings never wore horned Helmets into battle according to another video.
Your materials are exactly what I wanted, just enough knowledge' not too detailed and not too broad. I love the idea of cooperation of many channels!
I really love the artwork as well as how you covered this topic in such depth. I definitely look forward to more of these.
This was far more detailed than most overviews I have seen on the subject. Great job!
Wow...the way you draw faces has gotten so good!!! Great video!
Thank you very much. This is an excellent summary of what we have learned so far. Just a few decades ago the knowledge was minimal so I am learning this for the first time
2:47 I was all comfortable and accustomed to your smooth voice and then this.
Thank you for the excellent production value, good script just filled to the brim with wonderful history, and to top it off I do like your narration style especially how you shift your vowel inflections to emphasize important points. Now I have a new list of interesting historical events to look at learn from. I am curious about how you gravitated towards ancient history. Santayana was so correct about the the dangers of ignoring history, but which also means that the constant reinterpretion of history is crucial when new facts arise and when we look at macro & micro models of history. Oh yes, the playlist you linked to in one of your posts is just what I was looking for. Cheers from Canada.
Just found you, I’m INSTANTLY a fan!! I absolutely love history and your way of retelling the story is awesome, well researched and unique! New sub rite here! Begin video binge now!
Glad you found my channel :)
Your art is beautiful, I love the fact that a person honors the legacy of our ancestors...
@Provocateur what???
Our ancestors? We don't know who the Sea Peoples were, though...
@@tundra5171 They're someone's ancestors. Not like they happened in a vacuum
Overly sarcastic productions sent me here.
Same
Your videos are some of the best ancient and prehistoric history vids on TH-cam. Keep up the good work.
Your material is fantastic; I'm always looking forward to an Epimetheus upload!
Thanks for your great work!
I just stumbled into this channel and I loved it. I'll definetly watch more of your videos
Thanks! :D Glad you stumbled here :)
Dude, been thinking about who they were for the past several days! Had to insta-like and insta-comment before watching the video! Cheers y'all, and thanks again Epimetheus for your amazing content, dedication to research and spreading knowledge onto the common folk like myself! Thanks again brother
Awesome man, Thanks! Yeah they are a super fascinating subject
Found your channel from Operation Odysseus and subscribed. Loving the collaboration between y’all!!
This was excellently done! Thank you for making quality content.
The Númenóreans
Which had fled from their recently submerged island.
...Wait
@@magiv4205 After invading the western land of the valar
Good one! Hahahaha!
I am also a Tolkien fan.
More like Corsairs of Umbar,
I must admit, i didn't expect your presentation to be so accurate. Great video, in accordance with modern archaeological findings as well.
The Sea People Came from Greece and italy regions.
The Philistines came from Crete for instance,
The Shekelesh came from Sicily and so forward ...
Yayyy! This was what i exactly needed. A few years back i was really interested in these people but there werent enough information i could find, and my english was pretty poor compared to now back then. Thanks!
> arrives
> obliterates massive powerful civilizations
> refuses to elaborate
> leaves
Great video
Greeks, Sardinians, and Sicilians. They're a very interesting confederation of different European people with a common goal: to go Viking before the Vikings!
:) HAHAHAHA yes I agree. But I don't think that at this time these people saw themselves as European. But this is possible that they shared some linga franca
@@marathamarrak7037 Greeks at some point inhabited south Italy and created whole states there, perhaps that had something to do with it
Of course, they also create a big state in Central Asia (The greco bactrian kingdom) who existed during 200 years. But at the time of this event, this state had been subjuged to Yuezhi
The ancient Italians were the same people as the vikings.
Jean Bethencourt more like the middle eastern and North Africans
Love this vid and LOVE Operation Odysseus!!!! Found so many cool new channels to follow!!!!!
The Sea Peoples were the Mongols of the Bronze Age.
Yes
Mongolians raised an empire besides their destruction. The sea people just destroyed and later...puff! Like Kayser Soze.
No
Sea peoples were the Pelasgians and their descendants, we don't mess like that with other nations (I'm Greek though)
What a mistery
Sea peoples are the name given by ancient archaeologists and historians of the Middle East in the 19th century to a group of ancient peoples that migrated through the Mediterranean sea and attacked the kingdoms that were located east of the Mediterranean basin, Egypt as well as the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and the Anatolians in Anatolia. The attacks of sea people led to the fall of the Hittitese mpire and the weakening of the Pharaonic Kingdom of Egypt for a long time, and the destruction of many cities of the eastern Mediterranean, such as Ogarit.
The sea people , most importantly the Palestinians (Philistines) , have taken control of large areas of the southern coast of Canaan. There are also theories that the emigration of sea peoples is a migratory migration, as they returned to their original homeland Palestine, after they established kingdoms in Greece.
The earliest mention of the sea people dates back to the end of the 13th century BC, where Pharaoh Merneptah lists the peoples he has won, among them "foreign sea people " as he described in his letters. 20 years later, Pharaoh Ramses III mentions another attack of these peoples on Egypt and boasts that he defeated them despite their power that led to the defeat of the Hittites and other nations . Some historians doubt the credibility of Ramses III's report, and believe that he attributed Merenptah's victories to himself.
BTW jews don't like them because they defeated them many times.
Nice video, your art gets better and better with each installment. Will you be doing any more videos on the wider context of the Late Bronze Age Collapse? It's one of the most fascinating and mysterious periods in history.
awesome video! finally chipping away at the air of mystery surrounding the sea peoples. Now it makes sense and most of all pretty clear it was a logical series of events following the Bronze age collapse. Now I can focus on the solving who the Weshesh were and origins.
Egyptians were masters of war, beat them twice ? Then made them join their army. That deserve some applause.
I like that "if u can beat them, hire them"
I’d love a multi part series on Portugal’s overseas expansion!! Great work, Keep em coming!!
This is a great series. Very glad I found it. A video on the possible Doric invasions would be cool.
Your artwork keeps getting better.
Thanks!
The Sea Peoples were the Mediterranean Sea version of the Vikings :D
Also nice video btw.
When I was a kid in school I remember they taught us a theory that what actually caused the sea people's raids was a volcano that erupted and destroyed their homeland.
Your visual presentation brings it all together beautifully and informatively.
Thank you! :)
This was so beautiful 😭 Thank you 💐
wrote a research paper years ago about the sea peoples. origins of the Sea Peoples (i made the argument their origins were across the Mediterranean World) who resettled into the ANE for subsistence purposes beyond raiding. Great video!
Dominique Wilson interesting stuff. Which parts of the Mediterranean do you think they originated?
Those Hittites look so evil :D Pretty much what I imagined them to look like.. Great video!
Definitely were guys one would not want to mess with...Unless your the Sea People! :)
Some now don't think they sacked Hatti, but Ramses III thought they did...so I'll go with his info, he lived through it
I'd say it was the Bryges-Phrygians-Armenians, who were a bit more land-minded and thus never made it to Egypt but they were in the wider plot or coalition, no doubt.
@Luis Aldamiz agreed. I think it must have been a very large coalition to take down the Hittite Empire so close to their prime.
@@EpimetheusHistory - The Ugarit tables, taken at face value at least, suggest that prior to the invasion of Cyprus and Syria, there was already ongoing war further west ("all my ships are in Lukka", etc.) To me it seems the Greeks were leading (somehow it must be related to the Trojan War, also Cyprus hellenization, etc.) but that there was a huge amount of nations. The Egyptans treat it almost as a "Viking raid" (a major one anyhow) but to my eyes it was rather like a World War between (main powers) Greeks and Hittites (and whoever else they thought ripe for the taking).
@Luis Aldamiz Yes, this is exactly what I was thinking too . It was a bronze age world war.
I came here from Stefan Milo. How could I have missed this channel...? Have now subscribed. Great video!
Good video. Clearly detailed the possible origin of this Bronze Age Marauders.
I am impressed by your presentation.
Visual and audible illustrations give a vivid imagination of what took place. Which gives a clear perspective on our current time...
Thank you.
P.s.
Have you heard of the table of nations?
A great introduction to a still not fully understood event in the bronze age. Although Ramses II (1213-1279 BCE) had fairly small battles with the Sherden, Lukka and Karkisha.who may have been mercenaries for the ever annoying Libyans, records show the Sherden particularly were also used by the Egyptians as mercenaries too. Merenptah (1213-1204 BCE , son of Ramses and later Ramses III (1187-1156 BCE) felt the full brunt of the Sea Peoples invasion. Both times the Peoples brought their families shown by Oxen driven carts in inscriptions. Merenptah records attack by the Libyans, Ekwesh, Teresh, Lukka, Sherden, and Shekelesh. The Meshwesh appear later in the text as do the Ekwesh and Teresh and not grouped with the sea peoples. Later in the document the numbers of the dead and valuables taken from the invaders list 742 dead from the Ekwesh with the figures not shown for the other groups. Ramses III denotes the Peleset, Tjeker, Shekelesh, Denyen and Weshesh were among the Sea Peoples he defeated.
I would caution transliterating Egyptian names for these peoples into our knowledge of who they are. Because the subtraction of vowels may lead us to assume similar sounding names today can be wildly wrong and scholars still fiercely debate their original locations. The only agreed name are the Peleset who are believed to be the Philistines of the Bible.
If you think today, we call the country Germany, the French say Allemagne, the Swedish say Tyskland, none are even close to what they call themselves-- Deutschland as examples of how one people can be called many names by their neighbors.
Very interesting, great comment!
To be fair though, comparing the name of a nation state with that of a tribe is not accurate since, during that time, peoples existed, not nations.
For example, the French name for Germany- Allemagne- clearly originates from the Latin word Alemannia which means "the land of the Alemanni", Alemanni being the Germanic tribe living roughly in the areas of Bavaria and Alsace. Although it is debated if they were a single tribe or a tribal confederation- although the French usage of the world would make even more sense if it referred to a confederation of tribes.
Anyways, other countries use the transliteration of the same Latin word to refer to Germans such as the Spanish- Alemania, Portuguese- Alemanha, Welsh- Yr Almaen, Arabic- Almania, Turkish- Almanya, Persian- Alman.
Western Europeans states continued to use the terms because of the Romance languages they use while the Eastern states used the term clearly either because of their interactions with the continuing Roman Empire in the East or because of the later interactions with the Franks during the crusades.
Bravo! Well done. I like your Ramses II ‘impression’.
I’m in love with this channel! And the soothing voice, makes history come alive.
This time period needs a Total War Game.....looking at you Creative Assembly.
I love to hear about those most ancient civilisations and their wars. It always gives me a mindfuck and some uncanny feeling. Hearing about their wars and migrations, it's strange, interesting and amazing.
Good Job! Thanks for filling a TH-cam gap, with something not too academic but informative.
Wow! You are doing a fantastic job. Thank you
When we ruled the world!! 😁😁...Cheers from Sardinia!
And by ruled, you mean trashed it? Love from Scandinavia
Sardines?
No you didnt??
We will all be remembered as the rulers of our era, let us be well remembered.
Look! It's King Meriadoc Anchovy and his prime minister Grin Sardinia !
Excellent, keep up the good work
I'm new to this channel and got to say i'm liking the content so far. Some recommendations (take these with a grain of salt) perhaps the voice could be little less rough and gruff. No complaints on the content, leaving a sub.
the most real and best story I have ever heard >>> thank u, Great
Basically ancient vikings
Learn from the sea people, everything else after them is just a copy of a copy, of a copy
No mongols
@Woiller- Relic Vikings were not aggressive as the pop culture suggests. They were farmers, not warlike as the sea people. Unlike the sea people, vikings tend to raid and retreat, not wanting to fight pitched battles.
Sea peoples were better at being vikings than vikings themselves. No viking killed empires , sea men did.
Sea people destroyed civilizations
so thrilled that the first episode of operation odysseus is finally here!
which youtuber got this idea first?
Whoever it is, it's a really great idea
Great art work and really told me fr the first time who these folks were. Thanks!
Thank you for a succinct summary. I needed that.
Glad it was helpful!
I am excited for this!
Heard a lot about the possibility of Mycenaean warriors being the sea people due to their excessively violent collapse and the invasion of the Dorians into Greece. It's good to learn about the other supposed origins of the sea peoples.
i didnt see this in the cinema i houpe one Will come out
Yep it is known that the collapse of Mycenaean Greece/Achaeans was incredibly violent/chaotic as seen by archeological evidence such as remains of arrowheads, broken weapons, burn marks on ruins, etc. indicating battles being fought and cities getting razed to the ground. Remains of fortified hamlets at high elevations to protect the survivors from, well, something. It is clear that it was an age of massive depopulation and destruction. Any Mycenaeans who remained either migrated away in thousands of boats with families and cattle towards the east or the little who remained hid away in these fortified hamlets and forgot how to write.
@@zippyparakeet1074Dorians were the Indo European Hellenics also known as maccedonians during classical age.. they migrated/invaded Mycenean, then the minority of Mycenaeans such as the Ionians/Acheans, Aeolians were vast war migrated to Near East
Your pronunciation is on point. Very good work you do.
very good video on this subject. thank you for posting.
You should give this an update with the new DNA information on the possible origin of the Philistines from the Aegean, Sardinia, and the Iberian coast.
Love it as usual
Great video as always.
Hi eps. Great stuff, always love it. Can you do Australia?
Last I check it was completely unknown who the sea people were. How did this change so radically? Did archaeologists stumble upon a contemporary account of what was going on in recent years?
Bronze age Vikings!
Such an excellent idea to collaborate, so many more history channels to subscribe to.
Really love your videos and I have a tendency of rewatching them occasionally too, especially this one.
On a sidenote, what's the music you used in the background? Really lovely tune and it vaguely reminds me of some old game but I can't put my finger on which one.
very interesting video. I would have added the fact that in the XIII-XII centuries BC a "minor" climate change happened in the Mediterranean. there were droughts through the region that let south eastern iberian late bronce culture El Argar to collapse too
Thinking of Scotland, as I do from the somewhat similar mountains of northern India, which have been my home for near on twenty years, I do so from a rather Indian perspective, that of families, clans and tribes living on land that they consider to be their ancestral land, however with the understanding that those same ancestors had themselves migrated from their ancestral lands in a far off past kept alive in stories from both manuscript and memory.
What began as a fascination with the origins of the peoples of the the himalayan ranges led quite naturally to an interest in where we all come from, our origins. The Indians of course, as the most ancient of civilisations, had an understanding themselves of the world, how it was made, when and, more importantly for this piece, who populated it and where they settled.
One of the more ancient of the Vedic texts that form part of the ‘liturgy’ of the hindus (which we were all, at one time, in our human history) is the code of Manu, the lawgiver, not in coincidentally similar to Maru, the lawgiver of Japanese culture, or Minos of Crete or Moses who we are perhaps more familiar with. The laws of Manu tell that from the caste of the kshatriyas sprung the peoples they knew as Yavanas and we know as Greeks; the Pahlavas or Persians, others who would eventually form the cultures of Siam, China, Burma and Tibet and the people known to us as Scythian but to the Sanskrit writers, as Saka.
The Scythian are mentioned too in the Old Testament, as are many of the same names of the nations of people described and located in other contemporary texts and tablets. The Egyptians and the Hittites of Anatolia being the two others who were to play leading roles and help us to make significant strides in understanding the ancient and transcendental culture that was to become Scotland.
In the Scottish peoples Declaration of Arbroath, which our readers will no doubt be familiar with, the authors gave a brief history of their forefathers, their journeys and the europe of that time. Although written in the 14th century, the document is remarkably similar to the stories written in the centuries before by Greeks, Romans and the English writer, Bede, to name but a few.
The seventh century Saint Isidore writing in his Encyclopaedia of Knowledge, drawn from ancient Latin and Greek sources, recorded that the ancient inhabitants of what is now Spain and Portugal and was then known as Iberia, were the war-like Haspernians, a name not too dissimilar to the Hibernians of Hibernia or Ireland. We know that the atlantic seaboard provided the route for genes to move from south to north as northern europe was repopulated after the ice that had marked that age had receded and reshaped the land and sea. The genes had names and names tell stories even if they change after generations of whispers.
The Scots of Ulster and Dal Riata asserted that they had hailed from the marriage of an Egyptian pharaoh’s daughter, Scota and a Scythian general of her father’s army who had refused to pursue the Israelites as they fled across the Red Sea. They settled in exile with their entourage in Ulster as the Scots and then Scotland, giving our country their and her name.
In the old German spoken in the ancient times, the word for Scotland and for Scythian is the same, Scutten. The Scythian peoples dominated the steppe north of the Black Sea at that time. A matrilineal culture who painted their bodies and who had developed an extraordinarily high standard of craftsmanship with metal, particularly gold, they faded from history at about the time that scholars first begin to describe another matrilineal, body painting, metal working people, the Picts. Were they the same people?
Pictland was an amalgamation of minor kingdoms, the northernmost being Cait, that eventually would give it’s name to the county we know as Caithness. To the Gaelic speakers of Dal Riata and Ireland, the part of Pictland known as Cait, was known as cataibh, meaning ‘among the cats’ and to the Norse speaking Orcadians it was called Katanes, ‘headland of the cats’.
According to the seventeenth century historian, Sir Robert Gordon, in the century after Christ, AD 82, two boatloads of warriors had arrived in Caithness from their lands in Friesland, Batavia, known as the Netherlands these days, where they had made their home after retreating to there from the southern part of the Roman province of Germania, in the area of modern day Hesse, which had been occupied by the legions of Rome in the decades that had preceded. These people were the Catti. History goes on to tell us that the chief of the Catti had married a daughter of the Pictish King, Brude and by the time Kenneth Mac Alpin, King Alpin had joined the Scottish and Pictish thrones, the Senachies had named Gilli Chattan Noir as the chief of the Catti and from him are descended Clan Keith and also the clans of MacKenzie, MacPherson, Sutherland and Davidson, known as the confederation of Clan Chatten.
In old German, Hesse was known as Hatti, the same name that they gave to the Hittites of Anatolia, to the south of the Black Sea and the same name the Hittites knew themselves by. The Egyptians knew the Hittites as the Kethi. The emblem of both the Hatti (Kethi) and the Catti (Hatti) was the black cat. The black cat remains on the banners of the Earls of Sutherland and Clan Chatten, each themselves descendants of the Catti/Pictish nobility.
The Indo European Hittites had been amongst those at the forefront of the civilisations of the time, pioneers of bronze age’s technological advancements, they had been the first to introduce codified civil and criminal law, indeed the first example of an international peace treaty to conclude a war is between the Hittites and the Mitanni of northern Mesopotamia, signed by their leaders, under oath before the Indic Gods Varuna, Indra, Mitra and Nasatya.A copy of this legal first adorns the United Nations building in New York City, a testament to what can be achieved by mediation rather than militarism.
Scotland was populated from the collapsing civilisations of the Mediterranean and the near east; from the Hittites and Scythians of the Black Sea, the Egyptians and dare I say, some of the sons of Esau who had married into both Hittite and Egyptian royalty and whose genetic characteristics of red hair and blue eyes are still disproportionately found in the blood of the Scots. Around the globe, between one and two percent of people have red hair, a figure that rises to thirteen percent in Scotland, with almost 40 percent being carriers of the allele. In the Ashkenazy Jewish community significantly higher than average levels of red hair be detected, but not nearly to the same level found amongst the modern day Scots and Irish. Indeed, eastern europe and Russia, red hair was associated with jewry and in Spain during the inquisition, red hair could be a death sentence based on the same prejudice.
The building of Hadrian’s wall guaranteed that those families on the northern side were isolated, the distinctive system of clans that would come to define the country could develop and the ancient bloodlines that had long before sought refuge and sanctuary on the fringes of the known world, could bond and maintain themselves as a united collective amidst the mayhem and murder that would come to mark the dark and middle ages. The fact that these people remained out with the formal roman empire, meant that they could define themselves as being free and independent as well as maintaining their distinctive culture until the union with England in 1603. Indeed Samuel Johnson, the doctor of letters who gave the world the first English dictionary and who was the preeminent English academic of his time, had lamented, that with a Stuart on the throne in London, the jewish habits of the Scots had infiltrated and polluted the good christian peoples of his green and pleasant lands.
Perhaps these habits stemmed from those early settlers from the middle east who gave us the contents of their memory and their minds, as well as the confidence that emanates from a successful, proven people. It is this ancient heritage, that is embedded in the subconscious of our people, that has meant that to this day we will always consider ourselves as being free and independent irrespective of our circumstances and as being Scots from Scotland.
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Epimethius i think this vid might be your masterpiece totally enjoyed it
I love these videos, they're way better than the flashy documentaries on the History channel
HC used to be good💚