When I play modded Stellaris I turn Earth into a Eco Ecumenopolis and Luna into an Industrial Ecumenopolis with an Equatorial Shipyard. I think thats the far more likely future for our closest planetary companion.
the moon does not regenerate (the moon is shielded from solar wind by earths magnetic field and the dust particles are to small to crack further from temperature changes )
Usually if a video title (or any headline for that matter) asks a question which can be answered with YES/NO, the answer is always NO and the question is just a clickbait. Not with Isaac Arthur.
@@klaxxon__It's still a NO. He describes stuff that is purely science fiction at the moment instead of possible solutions that would be within 50 year reach if research was actually focused. On the plus side Isaac actually speaks on topic so there is something to listen to.
@@Psycho7452 Not science fiction. Most of what he explains is just engineering, economics and politics constrained. He is not throwing FTL stuff in there willy nilly. He does mention a couple ideas like the black hole grid in your planet bit but doesn't stick to just those few science fiction ideas.
@@carcrash1875 About 120 years ago, your previous incarnation said:- "You can't fly in the sky but want to land on the Moon. What's next? Peace of Earth?"
Humanity can't cooperate on simple things let alone a global project like terraforming the moon. Even if we did the gravity on the moon would be near incompatible to human existence!!!
@@Oldschool811 it wasnt that long ago that cooperation was far worse and war far more common, things change. you also made up the gravity being incompatible, i know you dont know that because no one does. we dont have expiriments for long term habitation in low gravity, so we have no idea.
Hey Isaac. We've interacted before on your live streams. I've been a fan of the channel since the earliest days. I just wanted to thank you. You leave me feeling optimistic about the future of humanity. I'm in treatment for mental health. Treatment resistant depression, among other issues. I'm doing the work necessary to mitigate these issues, but they're still prevalent. Your channel gives me hope. I can't count the number of times I've just put your channel on continuous play and just listened to a hopeful future. You inspire me to not give up. Thank you.
That's awesome you get lifted up by this channel, I do too, I tend to agree whatever happens to us, humanity has a beautiful future as the gardeners of the universe, bringing life out there to thrive!
i hate that concept. building huge megalopolis on the far side is fine, we'll never see them but seeing a city on the nearside? id never look at the moon again, itd just be a human cesspool
While I think the moon offers many advantages to colonizing and exploiting space, I think it would be tragic to deface a piece of nature that has been significant to every group of people to ever exist. The other side should be fair game though.
@@michaelchance6125 I think the Moon is too valuable for the colonization of space in the Solar System and beyond AS IS to screw it up by terraforming it. That would slow humanity's growth as a whole. The big advantage of the Moon is it is the closest major body to Earth where you can lift material and artifacts off the body with a mass driver without the interference of a notable atmosphere. I have the same opinion to a lesser extent of Mars. Terraform Venus, because it's perfectly worthless until you do, and you end up with a healthier gravity. Inhabit domes, caves, cut and fill "mall' grottos, and other structures on Mars and the Moon. PARAterraforming is the way to go for the Moon and Mars.
Terraforming the moon is impossible because there is too little gravity. You need significant gravity to hold in a thick atmosphere and the moon's gravity is too weak for that AND the human body needs close to Earth gravity to be healthy.
oddly enough, humans have a form of movement almost perfectly suited to low gravity. Skipping... yeah I know it's weird but the push-catch motion is oddly very useful in low gravity where the normal push-pull of walking is too slow. By pushing off and catching yourself you could have very long skips and cover very large distances. Some food for thought. =)
Something i’ve always wondered: if you terraformed the moon, its albedo would be much higher, yes? And what effect would that have on life on earth? Nights would be less dark, possibly vastly less dark, and when the moon is out during the day, mightn’t it make those days slightly brighter than normal during the day? And wouldn’t this stress biological systems on earth? Just curious.
The Moon’s luminosity comes from the dust covering it. If we were to somehow make the moon green, the plantlife would absorb a lot of that sunlight, making the Moon “shine” less. We won’t be terraforming the Moon anyway. It takes an active core to produce a magnetosphere, and without one, the Sun’s radiation will ultimately strip the atmosphere, like Mars.
No it's not necessary in fact maybe terraformed moon's albedo will be lower than earth's, everything is depend what surface the terraformed moon or planet will have, for example if the terraformed moon or planet have big area covered with forests have lower albedo if the same area have ice will have higher albedo... etc. 😉😎🙂
Why would we want to terraform it? It's more valuable without an atmosphere: we can store all kinds of things (records of ourselves etc.) for thousands of years without having to worry about things like corrosion etc.
You can set that up on any old rock, or no rock at all even and just make an orbital museum/repository where you store everything important to humanity.
Titan may be a better place for that, since it does have an atmosphere, the cold temperatures there will transfer into anything through the atmosphere, which would be good for quantum computers and preservation, etc
I looked up at the Moon, hanging big and bright over the Pacific. It didn't seem any dimmer, spotted blue and green instead of gray and white. Out here between Australia and New Zealand, away from the city-glow (which wasn't as extreme as it had been back in the 21st Century, but still enough to diminish the splendor of Moon and the stars), I could really appreciate the glory of its fullness as it hung near the horizon. “During my...well, my first lifetime, I argued with my friends whether we'd terraform any planets, and if so, whether it'd be Mars, Venus, even Titan, since it had a thick atmosphere. Most of us expected a mix of artificial habitats and terraformed planets. I said we'd build only habitats. Earth would be the center of our civilization for hundreds or thousands of years, and we'd never terraform another planet. “I don't think any of us, back then, thought of the Mo- Um, I mean, Luna.” Andeeya chuckled and lowered her eyes from the sky to look at me. “What are the first three rules of real estate?” “You mean, location, location and location?” “Exactly. If Luna weren't right here, barely more than a light-second away from Earth, there's no way we'd have ever considered terraforming such a small body, but since she was right there, and since it turned out to be possible - only just possible, but possible - for people to be born and grow up on Luna and be healthy and to live healthily on Earth, it made a lot of sense for us to terraform Luna. “That's why there are more than a billion people there right now, a tenth of the human race, and at times in the past, it's been home to almost a quarter of humanity.” “Gee, I get the feeling you're kind of fond of Luna.” She looked thoughtful for a moment. “I used to say I hated it. I told everyone I hated it while I was living there, and for years I never had anything good to say about the time I spent there, but since then, I've been back a couple of times, and...yes, I guess I am fond of her at that.” She shrugged. “It's hard to find a decent restaurant there, though.”
What if this other living world was so different from ours that it was nightmarish? What if the civilization there wound up surpassing our own and conquered us because they had less gravity to deal with?
@@tomcollins5112 Think about it. Growing up with Earth gravity means eath boots can land on the Moon, but growing up with Lunar gravity means Moon boots can't take ground on the Earth. Everyone going into space will have read the Moon is a Harsh Mistress. So Even if the Moon has mass drivers hanging over our heads, you can be sure that the nation's if Earth will have their own ships parked in international space ready to hit Luna, just as Nuke Subs are deployed today.
@tomcollins5112 With less gravity, the human body becomes weaker and more slimmer. If we were talking about hand to hand combat, an earthling would win.
@@Kingofspaids Yeah, but we're not talking about hand to hand combat. The competition would revolve around space travel technology, and the Moon, having much less gravity, would have a distinct advantage.
This is my favorite kind of your videos, exploring what is technically possible for humanity to do, even if it's not physically possible at the moment.
As you were talking about these planetary dynamos, the first thing that came to mind was the insane idea of venting solar winds directly at the planet, like some kind of solar turbine. Sure enough, that was the very next thing you mentioned. Maybe I understand what's happening in these videos after all.
6:59 The side of the moon facing away from the earth is, in fact, darker than the side facing us, but only during its night. This is because the near side of the moon is illuminated by "earthshine" (sunlight reflected off of earth, similar to moonlight on earth but much brighter due to earth's much larger size and higher albedo than the moon), while the far side is not.
To provide artificial gravity to settlements on other planets, it would be key to experimentally discover how to regulate the density of space-time to control the expression of gravity just as we can control the expression of other phenomena such as electromagnetism.
It is interesting how similar Isaac Arthur and I think. The trick of using targeted deliveries of materials to increase or decrease spin is something I used in an unpublished story I wrote over a decade ago (I'm not happy with enough of the story, which is why I'm still rewriting).
I thought trees were limited by capillary pressure ie the ability of water to climb the tree. Lower gravity doesn’t matter if there’s not enough water pressure to hydrate the canopy
Its actually really simple. Its only a question of energy. If we could produce a lot of energy with basically no cost we could build a lot of desalination plants to water those deserts. We currently dont live in an age of overembundance of energy and all whats needed to realise and keep those things running cost a lot of recources and capital. There is no real benefit to green those deserts. Also, dont forget, deserts are also ecosystem for specialized animals and plants. Turning deserts into gardens destroys those ecosystems. Of course is there a middle ground. Just turn only the space thats was previous destroyed, is needed or occupied into more humen friendly habitats.
I'm honestly a fan of the massive moon-wide dome. I'm imagining it a bit like the interior of a Berch-Earth, with massive (or not so massive due to the low gravity) pillars holding up a hugely tall dome over a terraformed moon.
Couldn't we just build a big sack around the Moon, which would hold in the atmosphere and remain in place above the Lunar surface like a bag or a balloon around it, supported by air pressure? I've also heard a proposal to build a toroidal sack (shaped about like a planetary magnetic field), leaving a circular area at each pole for spacecraft to land. Such an airless landing site might be called an anarres, after the opening scene of Ursula K. LeGuin's *_The Dispossessed,_* in which the visitor to Anarres comes down into the spaceport in Anarres, inside the only fence in the planet, inside the fence which Anarres uses to keep the rest of the universe confined.
Terra form io? Sulfer hexa floride green house gas to add heat retention + artificial magnetic shield in orbit to protect the place and possibly gather power from Jupiter's magnitosphere
At 4% sunlight, still need a soletta mirror. The result would be a rather... exciting (and stinky) place, with a really small population capacity, but, yes, it could be done.
The biggest problem with terraforming the moon is that you ironically take away its main advantage, the non existent atmosphere which makes it far easier to launch from and allows for drastically better solar opportunities.
An alternative engineering project would be to (once we have room temperature superconductors) run an astronomical curent around the Moon's equator. No, wait, have the superconducting ring be at an angle to the equator because without an atmosphere the diverted charged particles would slam into the surface. We want to have settlements on the rims of the lunar polar cryogenic craters and mine the trapped cometary volatiles.
it would need to be a really, really large magnet, like the size of a small moon, and it would need to last millions of years, modern magnets have lifespans on 20 to a hundred years. If you wanna produce a magnetic field, you need to spin the moon up, similar to earth. Too much, and the moon would collide with the earth, as the shorter its day, the smaller its orbit around earth.
@@dragnothlecoona to keep the Moon tidally locked to the Earth and for it to have a 24 hour solar day it would have to be moved to geosynchronous orbit. That would make the tides on earth extreme. Actually moving the Moon would require an astronomical amount of energy - far beyond our current technology. To have the Moon stay at its present distance and spin up its rotation would also require an astronomical amount of energy - again, far beyond our current technology.
@@robertgraybeard3750 That Is NOT what I meant, I meant that you to give it a 24 hour day, which means breaking its tidal lock with the earth, it would still have an orbital period of 27.3 earth days roughly. However, breaking the tidal lock with earth would cause it to draw closer to earth. I don't know how close it would get either due to the gravitational angular transfer of momentum.
The thing that always gets me is realizing that Apollo 11’s discarded waste is still sitting in a bag on the moon. I wonder how many microbes are frozen, how many could be thawed out and survive after 50 years. The Apollo sites are designated national monuments. They would have to be preserved if we started putting erosive water on it.
I would use an orbital ring that exerts torque to add spin. To add H2, use satellites to funnel the solar wind at the planet, thinking Venus, but you would need to slow the wind down so the H2 is captured. Once you had the necessary H2, use the satellites to deflect the solar wind as a magnetsphere.
Great video! I have often thought that taking out Magnetic Field with us is sooo important for Earth life to thrive on another planet, its not just about the protection from cosmic and solar radiation but the fact that ALL life has evolved to be dependant on the MF. I think that when the Apollo Astronauts came back as artists and poets instead of the engineers they were when they left Earth, is a big sign of what happens without our MF..
I once sketched out an idea for breaking the moon's tidal lock by using flywheels to rock it back and forth. I think the moon as it is would be a handy target for any deflected asteroids. Maybe pulverize them to reduce impact energy and debris plumes.
The amount of energy needed to do such a thing would be massive That would still not be the biggest problem, That would be the storms and maybe earthquakes that it would create Or Ourthquakes like mentioned
With moon terraforming i expect it to be more like a series of connected bubble habitats with a synthetic atmosphere made from materials in the moon as it is needed rather than trying to constantly ship in an atmosphere from other parts of the solar system in order to maintain a much thicker gravitationally bound atmosphere.
I am a fan of the 'Worldhouse' roof approach, Luna is a bit too low grav to be worth doing normal terraforming, and as you say, even if so, domes are helpful.
We will dig tunnels and fill them with air. But even more likely we will build tunnels in space called space stations and rotate them. That way we not only can get the protection but also get gravity without the penalty of lift energies to get on and off the platform. Why terraform it as there is no magnetic fields to protect people on the surface and the gravity is likely too low to be healthy.
I'm writing a bunch of short stories based in the same universe and I love writing for the Lunar inhabitants because I made them super naturalist. Meaning, they prefer to live in their domes and keep the moon (Luna) as pure as possible. Ending up having over 90% of the moon's surface being a "galactic reserve."
My guess without watching the video first: The answer in theory: Yes, but in reality it would be so much work that it neither worth it nor could we actually complete the task (as in, its not impossible, but would take so long that we would abandon the project sooner than it would be finished) Now i will watch it and then update my comment whether i was write or wrong :) Update: yeah, pretty much correct :) Interestingly i was thinking about the atmosphere issue of Mars and Venus and was running numbers to see how long and how much we would need to ship from one place to another - when half way through it dawned on me that just making a thicker CO2 atmosphere would make little sense on Mars... we would need Nitrogen there... and a lot... and the same with Venus too. So while we need to ship gasses (or materials) to each planet... we would simply need to find a reliable and cheap way to do so... and then i landed on the conclusion that... it is in theory possible, but the timescale and the effort and cost... simply makes it a non viable option. Sad thing with Mars is that it would have made sense to replenish the original atmosphere to compensate for the loss (its a fairly small amount daily... which we could simply sort out just by building industries and then pollute the air... and that way it would have been "cheap"... but topping up now is a no go. so yeah... good video... but we will not see that Blue moon... (and i'd wager that it wont ever happen... as the sun gets hotter and hotter, this zone will be baked like a cookie, so it would make more sense to start the work a bit further outside and wait a bit until the sun actually gives a helping hand by warming up the area out there slightly...
Although nitrogen is a small fraction of the Venusian atmosphere, it has almost 100 times the mass of the Earth's atmosphere, so Venus actually already has enough nitrogen for a terraforming project, in fact it even has excess nitrogen, about 2~3 atms, which could be very useful for a Martian terraforming project if it were exported, but it wouldn't necessarily make Venus more habitable by itself. To do something like that we would need to remove its dense CO2 atmosphere and add hydrogen to make water, one possible way would be to break the CO2 down into carbon and oxygen, unite the oxygen with hydrogen imported from the Sun through starlifiting or atmospheric mining on the gas giants to make water for the Venusian oceans and export the carbon, which could be used for a variety of different materials and products if Venus had an extensive orbital industry that could then be used locally and exported elsewhere in the Solar System.
Or spin it up to a 6 to 4 hour day, so roundabout 120 to 180 times faster - hitting the sweetspot where friction and gravity meet on the edge of loosing themselves to the dance and dancing forever together ...
The aliens living inside of the hollow moon, would probably come out side and scrap Terraform settlements. Like sailors scrap barnacles off the hull of a ship.
Thank you very much for your work! I use a lot of interesting and useful things in my creativity. The first story will be printed soon, and then I’ll get to the novels!
Break the Tidal lock rotation by speeding up said rotation so the moon has similar length of day as Earth, the moon heats up from tidal forces and presto, an atmosphere would begin forming. Placing a Vesta sized moon in close orbit around our moon would prevent tidal locking from reoccurring to our moon. Our moon's moon would be tidally locked though.
8 หลายเดือนก่อน
We don't need to terraform the Moon, we need to make moon caverns livable.
There's really little reason to put anything there other than a few automated mines. Maybe a few paranoid rich people and deranged influencers will try to live there, but the gimmick would wear off fast.
Looks like domes would be the way to settle the moon. As for long distance space travel, a base on a comet or large asteroid would be hitching a ride to someplace distant and hopefully predictable. Self-sufficiency would be the thing. Shuttles could easily resupply a moon base, however.
I wonder if until humanity has the technology to properly make the moon’s surface like earths. That we should just start colonizing the moos massive craters. Covering the top then hollow down several hundred feel to a mile or 2. And as we’re going down we widen out a massive cavern. Doing this with a few close enough large craters. So we could have 3 separate caverns with transportation tubes connecting all 3 cities. Then pressurized each place import large amounts of plant like like trees bushes mosses and much more to help with 3 things. To create and build up a clear air support system. #2 to have all natural CO2 scrubbers. & #3 to have the green and eventually birds and other life from earth to help the people living on the moon.
Would the human body be able to feel the tidal difference on a rotating Moon? Would measuring weight there show much of a difference at high and low tide?
Here is my solution, based on what is presented here and what I know from other videos here. First, spin up the moon using mass drivers, and make these the main method of importing and exporting to control the rotational speed precisely. Then, use orbital rings to create a “shell world” around the moon, except the shell would be the clear, ultra hard tank armour material that filters UV. Basically, “doming” over the entire planet. While this is being constructed, start the process of importing the atmosphere, so you can time it so when the atmosphere is in place, the shell is also completed. Then I probably just wouldn’t worry about the gravity and let evolution take its course there so that the plants and animals that live there specialize to the gravity, or even use genetic engineering to make it happen. The dome solves the atmospheric loss problem and the radiation/magnetosphere problem at the same time. It would definitely be a different kind of sky with the orbital rings overhead, but I think it would be its own unique attraction.
Every time I hear about terraforming I'm reminded that once you can build real estate directly in space, planets become backwaters, not much more than raw materials storage. Terraforming is essentially like a caveman using modern construction techniques to build modestly better caves, rather than building mansions and skyscrapers.
I forget where it originated but there was a sort of "epic description" ,, In the future an architect wins enough support to build an enormous superstructure on the moon, which is designed to support modular addition of habitats as the structure is gradually populated. Some areas of the superstructure are heavily populated, some are completely empty and are nothing but girders, utility bones (giant empty pipes, for example), ,, other places are filled with storage containers and homeless ,,, but deep in the belly of the heavily populated areas the plumbing network culminates in a huge area of "naturalist oriented water recycling" where cultivation of wilderness has taken place. People live in the indoor jungle as tribes, and new animals have evolved as a result of the dynamics of the high-tech waste environment. Mario and Luigi are plumbers who work in all arenas of the super-structure (which spans miles and miles of the lunar surface) and specialize in heavy industrial plumbing, so often find themselves moving from one part of the superstructure to another through the pipes themselves. The pipes are also home to an illegal trafficking network led by a mysterious leader who ultimately turns out to be a creature that was born from the crazy animals in the under-jungle, but was intelligent and took genetic enhancements to become a giant powerful beast with human-equal intellect. M and L find themselves accidently in the midst of a plot by bowser to destroy the entire superstructure with the goal that the jungle-animals will reclaim the moon which will become atmospheric as a result of the destruction of the giant city, which contained so much water. Princess Peach is the daughter of a rich infrastructure baron and tells them about the plot, her father insists she is insane but she runs away and finds herself meeting M and L inside of the pipes. They try to avoid involvement but she is clumsy and after meeting them almost dies falling into the deep sewage jungle. - In this pit of dangerous jungle live all sorts of animals like dinosaurs and although M and L are aware of it they have never been to the place, as no one they have ever heard of has survived. They discover the girl is not insane after nearly losing their lives to creatures they never imagined, highly intelligent shelled animals (koopa troopers) attack them, and they narrowly escape into the presence of an altogether more friendly animal, Yoshi the velociraptor looking dinosaur. Big pointy teeth aside, Yoshi seems to be cuddly but like the Mario Bros also displays and incredible jump and allows them all to ride as they jump them back up to the edge of the superstructure and leave them there. Peach insists that to stop the destruction of the city, they must find a criminal mastermind living the jungle and suggests they too might be an animal like the koopa troopers they engaged. They are still lost, and do not know where they are in the city, and find themselves stuck there at the edge until they notice humans peeking at them through the brush. They meet the tribe of people who ultimately lead them to a nuclear bomb embedded in toxic waste which when set off will surely lead to the deaths of all humans in the superstructure. With much adventure, and more battles, they find themselves in the position to save the city by unleashing a flood into the jungle, which will kill everything in it, but also nuetralize the bomb. Yoshi sacrifices himself at one point to save M and L by jumping them up onto a pipe before falling to his death, and ultimately they cause their own deaths by deciding their only option was to release the flood upon themselves as the bomb is set to explode. backstory: Princess Peach has a real name, but being the richest daughter on the moon, she is often the feature of tabloids who describe her silly behavior and call her "Princess Peach" as a derogitory term. She is famous and everyone on the moon knows her. Princess Peach is spoiled and has cuddly animal friends, but one day she finds a new cuddly animal friend and begs to keep it. Of course she gets her way but only to discover this new cuddly friend can talk. This friend at first is just friendly and cuddly but as she askes personal questions to get to know her new friend, they describe the koopa troopers, bowser, and eventually bowsers plan to free them all of the humans and give them the moon, which her new friend is very excited for! Imagine! The whole moon only for the underlings.
Changing the homo sapiens to adapt to exoplanets would be very dangerous. The same way any former colony in the americas would have no problems declaring war against their old coutries, those new "humans" would become a potential treat to humanity.
I always imagined terraforming the Moon by (somehow) depositing a really dense gas that would readily 'cling' on the Moon and not easily get blown off by solar wind. Then adding water to both the new atmosphere and surface, and diffusing O2, N2 and CO2 in enough quantities for life.
A terraformed Moon would be much brighter than it is now currently with an average albedo similar to asphalt. Forests and clouds would not only reflect significantly more light but also a fair amount of color instead of the age old white. Night would never be the same.
Would it be a good idea to apply a slow-molecule (CO2 or something alike) thin atmosphere on a domed-over Moon or Mars? It would add a layer of micrometeorite and radiation protection. Just few millibars (like in 80-60 km above Earth) can take care of a lot of micrometeoroids, even some larger stuff. And it would require much less maintenance/replenishment than a breathable or even „just“ a no-spacesuit-required-level-pressure atmosphere.
for most things on this channel…it’s usually a question of practicality…not possibility…I like that…😊 we can do quite a bit within the laws of physics and engineering…unfortunately what our wallets allow is unfortunately quite a lot more limited…
When changing the day night cycle, wouldnt it only have to be at least some what like earths (19-30 hours or so), for it to be good enough. Wouldn't it would be too much effort to make it exactly 24 hours when we would just need it to be fast enough to not cause one side of the planet to heat up a bunch?
I wonder if plants and animals that are adapted to the polar night lasting several weeks or months in the taiga and tundra biomes could adapt to the long nights on the moon or on a terraformed Venus as well. They might perceive the long night as a "winter" and throw off their leaves/go into hibernation, while going into spring mode when the long day starts.
Gravitational effects scale roughly as size squared, so we do know to a great extent how low gravity affects organisms because we can readily observe small people and small organisms. Though obviously evolution is usually to a relatively narrow size range and asteroid gravity probably wouldn't do for most terrestrial organisms.
Gravity I think would be the most insurmountable for example a person that has been born on the moon and goes to Earth, the gravity here on Earth might actually be lethal imagine generations of "adaptation" to the Moon's gravity...
Your name really is Isaac Arthur! This is funny coincidence. Isaac Asimov Arthur Clark. Years pass and I still can't believe it, it's so cool. (Sorry this is the kid in me).
The power that the civilzation holds when doing such projects is more than enough to push moon back or even maybe send crashing into earth lol, Remember that the moon is going away because it's sapping energy away from earth's rotation, converting it into orbital speed, we maybe able to reverse that process in a way piggy backing on our ongoing day lenght terraforming, putting large thrusters, or even tether the moon with the earth by linking them on the base of orbital rings (circumvent the problem of different rotational speed) Also the moon will stay in the solar system even if it escaped earth lol, the sun is just that massive it remains significant at ranges over a light year lol
I would expect health effects of low gravity to be largely solved by mid-century through silencing our sedentary genes. This would be an element of life extension efforts. I expect low gravity to become very popular (though whether Lunar or Martian is preferred, I don't know).
When I play modded Stellaris I turn Earth into a Eco Ecumenopolis and Luna into an Industrial Ecumenopolis with an Equatorial Shipyard.
I think thats the far more likely future for our closest planetary companion.
nah, equatorial industrial ring with space elevators. so it can be decorative from Earth
It makes sense. Not just strategically in a video game.
the moon does not regenerate
(the moon is shielded from solar wind by earths magnetic field and the dust particles are to small to crack further from temperature changes )
@@ryanward10 It's also why western architecture is abyssmal these days
@@ryanward10 yes. ugly industrial tumors or a moon with a ring? not even a choice.
Isaac Arthur: "Can we X the Y?"
Audience: " Yes, YES!!"
Usually if a video title (or any headline for that matter) asks a question which can be answered with YES/NO, the answer is always NO and the question is just a clickbait. Not with Isaac Arthur.
@@klaxxon__It's still a NO. He describes stuff that is purely science fiction at the moment instead of possible solutions that would be within 50 year reach if research was actually focused. On the plus side Isaac actually speaks on topic so there is something to listen to.
@@Psycho7452 Not science fiction. Most of what he explains is just engineering, economics and politics constrained. He is not throwing FTL stuff in there willy nilly. He does mention a couple ideas like the black hole grid in your planet bit but doesn't stick to just those few science fiction ideas.
You can't land a phone booth on the Moon upright but you want to terraform it.
What's next? Peace on Earth?
@@carcrash1875 About 120 years ago, your previous incarnation said:-
"You can't fly in the sky but want to land on the Moon. What's next? Peace of Earth?"
Whenever this show asks if we can do something, the answer is Yes. The real question is, how much effort and resources does it take.
hence the comment section
Humanity can't cooperate on simple things let alone a global project like terraforming the moon. Even if we did the gravity on the moon would be near incompatible to human existence!!!
Indeed. Similarly, Bob would not ask if we could not fix it.
@@Oldschool811 it wasnt that long ago that cooperation was far worse and war far more common, things change. you also made up the gravity being incompatible, i know you dont know that because no one does.
we dont have expiriments for long term habitation in low gravity, so we have no idea.
Except travel faster than light!
Hey Isaac. We've interacted before on your live streams. I've been a fan of the channel since the earliest days.
I just wanted to thank you. You leave me feeling optimistic about the future of humanity.
I'm in treatment for mental health. Treatment resistant depression, among other issues. I'm doing the work necessary to mitigate these issues, but they're still prevalent.
Your channel gives me hope. I can't count the number of times I've just put your channel on continuous play and just listened to a hopeful future.
You inspire me to not give up.
Thank you.
That's awesome you get lifted up by this channel, I do too, I tend to agree whatever happens to us, humanity has a beautiful future as the gardeners of the universe, bringing life out there to thrive!
"There are over 50 million people living in the moon in my time. You can see Tycho City, New Berlin, even Lake Armstrong on a day like this."
Number one, set course to Altair 4, warp factor 9... engage
@partciudgam8478 you forgot orbital vector 4.20
First Contact
i hate that concept. building huge megalopolis on the far side is fine, we'll never see them but seeing a city on the nearside? id never look at the moon again, itd just be a human cesspool
Star trek first contact
I would love to see the moon glitter with cities and greenery. She would look less lonely.
We need to _selenaform_ a few specific regions of Earth first. Namely North America, Central Africa and Soulth-Eastern Asia.
While I think the moon offers many advantages to colonizing and exploiting space, I think it would be tragic to deface a piece of nature that has been significant to every group of people to ever exist.
The other side should be fair game though.
@@Frostbiyt meh, I don't think the beliefs of some people should slow humanity's growth as a whole.
@@michaelchance6125 I think the Moon is too valuable for the colonization of space in the Solar System and beyond AS IS to screw it up by terraforming it. That would slow humanity's growth as a whole. The big advantage of the Moon is it is the closest major body to Earth where you can lift material and artifacts off the body with a mass driver without the interference of a notable atmosphere. I have the same opinion to a lesser extent of Mars. Terraform Venus, because it's perfectly worthless until you do, and you end up with a healthier gravity. Inhabit domes, caves, cut and fill "mall' grottos, and other structures on Mars and the Moon. PARAterraforming is the way to go for the Moon and Mars.
@@michaelchance6125 What does the earth side of the moon offer that the other side doesn't?
Green Moon sounds ominous
DATF refrence?
I see the green moon a’rising…
Terraforming the moon is impossible because there is too little gravity. You need significant gravity to hold in a thick atmosphere and the moon's gravity is too weak for that AND the human body needs close to Earth gravity to be healthy.
@@Zurround
Tell me you didn't listen to the episodw without telling me...
@@Zurroundlol bro didn’t watch the video
The moons' current inhabitants would never allow it.
Those gosh dang moon whalers don't know what's good for them!!
I'm sure we can displace the Moon Rabbits, Humans are really good at colonization
So we have to denazify the dark side of the moon first
@comentedonakeyboard of course. Denazifying is always the first step.
Those nazi clangers, will fuck you up mate 😂
oddly enough, humans have a form of movement almost perfectly suited to low gravity. Skipping... yeah I know it's weird but the push-catch motion is oddly very useful in low gravity where the normal push-pull of walking is too slow. By pushing off and catching yourself you could have very long skips and cover very large distances. Some food for thought. =)
That's what Apollo astronauts discovered. You never hear it mentioned in SF stories, though.
What do you mean by skipping?
A novel called thunderstrike was about a comet being diverted from a terran impact, but it struck the moon, creating an atmosphere...
ever read 'moonwreck'? moon gets a slap
that sounds dangerous
Something i’ve always wondered: if you terraformed the moon, its albedo would be much higher, yes? And what effect would that have on life on earth? Nights would be less dark, possibly vastly less dark, and when the moon is out during the day, mightn’t it make those days slightly brighter than normal during the day? And wouldn’t this stress biological systems on earth? Just curious.
Moonglasses
The Moon’s luminosity comes from the dust covering it. If we were to somehow make the moon green, the plantlife would absorb a lot of that sunlight, making the Moon “shine” less. We won’t be terraforming the Moon anyway. It takes an active core to produce a magnetosphere, and without one, the Sun’s radiation will ultimately strip the atmosphere, like Mars.
No it's not necessary in fact maybe terraformed moon's albedo will be lower than earth's, everything is depend what surface the terraformed moon or planet will have, for example if the terraformed moon or planet have big area covered with forests have lower albedo if the same area have ice will have higher albedo... etc. 😉😎🙂
If we can, we must turn it into Cheese
There is no other option.
Agreed.
Hypoallergenic cheese, so everyone can enjoy
Our ancestors predicted this in the sacred videotext, Wallace and Gromit
I read that at first as Chinese.
"The moon belongs to china since ancient times"
May as well get a cow jump over it too.
OK rat
Why would we want to terraform it? It's more valuable without an atmosphere: we can store all kinds of things (records of ourselves etc.) for thousands of years without having to worry about things like corrosion etc.
we can do that anywhere, it _can_ hold atmosphere, so it should.
You can set that up on any old rock, or no rock at all even and just make an orbital museum/repository where you store everything important to humanity.
Titan may be a better place for that, since it does have an atmosphere, the cold temperatures there will transfer into anything through the atmosphere, which would be good for quantum computers and preservation, etc
We can store our data near a black hole and use the black hole to power it. There would be enough energy for it to last trillions of years.
I looked up at the Moon, hanging big and bright over the Pacific. It didn't seem any dimmer, spotted blue and green instead of gray and white. Out here between Australia and New Zealand, away from the city-glow (which wasn't as extreme as it had been back in the 21st Century, but still enough to diminish the splendor of Moon and the stars), I could really appreciate the glory of its fullness as it hung near the horizon.
“During my...well, my first lifetime, I argued with my friends whether we'd terraform any planets, and if so, whether it'd be Mars, Venus, even Titan, since it had a thick atmosphere. Most of us expected a mix of artificial habitats and terraformed planets. I said we'd build only habitats. Earth would be the center of our civilization for hundreds or thousands of years, and we'd never terraform another planet.
“I don't think any of us, back then, thought of the Mo- Um, I mean, Luna.”
Andeeya chuckled and lowered her eyes from the sky to look at me.
“What are the first three rules of real estate?”
“You mean, location, location and location?”
“Exactly. If Luna weren't right here, barely more than a light-second away from Earth, there's no way we'd have ever considered terraforming such a small body, but since she was right there, and since it turned out to be possible - only just possible, but possible - for people to be born and grow up on Luna and be healthy and to live healthily on Earth, it made a lot of sense for us to terraform Luna.
“That's why there are more than a billion people there right now, a tenth of the human race, and at times in the past, it's been home to almost a quarter of humanity.”
“Gee, I get the feeling you're kind of fond of Luna.”
She looked thoughtful for a moment.
“I used to say I hated it. I told everyone I hated it while I was living there, and for years I never had anything good to say about the time I spent there, but since then, I've been back a couple of times, and...yes, I guess I am fond of her at that.”
She shrugged.
“It's hard to find a decent restaurant there, though.”
Arthur is great at explaining how seemingly impossible ideas and objectives might be a lot more simple then they look
The idea of looking up and seeing another living world does appeal to me. Would make for a geeat sight.
Another excellent episode, Isaac.
What if this other living world was so different from ours that it was nightmarish? What if the civilization there wound up surpassing our own and conquered us because they had less gravity to deal with?
@@tomcollins5112
Think about it.
Growing up with Earth gravity means eath boots can land on the Moon, but growing up with Lunar gravity means Moon boots can't take ground on the Earth.
Everyone going into space will have read the Moon is a Harsh Mistress. So Even if the Moon has mass drivers hanging over our heads, you can be sure that the nation's if Earth will have their own ships parked in international space ready to hit Luna, just as Nuke Subs are deployed today.
@tomcollins5112 With less gravity, the human body becomes weaker and more slimmer. If we were talking about hand to hand combat, an earthling would win.
@@Kingofspaids Yeah, but we're not talking about hand to hand combat. The competition would revolve around space travel technology, and the Moon, having much less gravity, would have a distinct advantage.
This is my favorite kind of your videos, exploring what is technically possible for humanity to do, even if it's not physically possible at the moment.
It’s not technically possible either.
Say more @@tatata1543
As you were talking about these planetary dynamos, the first thing that came to mind was the insane idea of venting solar winds directly at the planet, like some kind of solar turbine. Sure enough, that was the very next thing you mentioned. Maybe I understand what's happening in these videos after all.
this idea is eerie and fascinating, would be a beautiful sight, but an uncanny valley sight, very good post apocalypse horror type setting
6:59 The side of the moon facing away from the earth is, in fact, darker than the side facing us, but only during its night. This is because the near side of the moon is illuminated by "earthshine" (sunlight reflected off of earth, similar to moonlight on earth but much brighter due to earth's much larger size and higher albedo than the moon), while the far side is not.
To provide artificial gravity to settlements on other planets, it would be key to experimentally discover how to regulate the density of space-time to control the expression of gravity just as we can control the expression of other phenomena such as electromagnetism.
It is interesting how similar Isaac Arthur and I think. The trick of using targeted deliveries of materials to increase or decrease spin is something I used in an unpublished story I wrote over a decade ago (I'm not happy with enough of the story, which is why I'm still rewriting).
I thought trees were limited by capillary pressure ie the ability of water to climb the tree. Lower gravity doesn’t matter if there’s not enough water pressure to hydrate the canopy
Would you consider making a video on terraforming harsh regions of earth? (For example, the Australian desert or the Sahara)
Luckily he already did! Look up “Reclaiming the Deserts”
@@UpliftedCapybara thank you I hadn't noticed it! I'll check it out
There's also a video for our arctic regions
Its actually really simple. Its only a question of energy. If we could produce a lot of energy with basically no cost we could build a lot of desalination plants to water those deserts. We currently dont live in an age of overembundance of energy and all whats needed to realise and keep those things running cost a lot of recources and capital. There is no real benefit to green those deserts. Also, dont forget, deserts are also ecosystem for specialized animals and plants. Turning deserts into gardens destroys those ecosystems. Of course is there a middle ground. Just turn only the space thats was previous destroyed, is needed or occupied into more humen friendly habitats.
@@Marcus_Postmathat's just takes global warming
I'm honestly a fan of the massive moon-wide dome. I'm imagining it a bit like the interior of a Berch-Earth, with massive (or not so massive due to the low gravity) pillars holding up a hugely tall dome over a terraformed moon.
Couldn't we just build a big sack around the Moon, which would hold in the atmosphere and remain in place above the Lunar surface like a bag or a balloon around it, supported by air pressure?
I've also heard a proposal to build a toroidal sack (shaped about like a planetary magnetic field), leaving a circular area at each pole for spacecraft to land.
Such an airless landing site might be called an anarres, after the opening scene of Ursula K. LeGuin's *_The Dispossessed,_* in which the visitor to Anarres comes down into the spaceport in Anarres, inside the only fence in the planet, inside the fence which Anarres uses to keep the rest of the universe confined.
Terra form io? Sulfer hexa floride green house gas to add heat retention + artificial magnetic shield in orbit to protect the place and possibly gather power from Jupiter's magnitosphere
At 4% sunlight, still need a soletta mirror. The result would be a rather... exciting (and stinky) place, with a really small population capacity, but, yes, it could be done.
I think by the time we could Terraform the moon, we'll probably need to Terraform the Earth.
The biggest problem with terraforming the moon is that you ironically take away its main advantage, the non existent atmosphere which makes it far easier to launch from and allows for drastically better solar opportunities.
I like to imagine all this has already been accomplished and your simply explaining the proceess of how we completed it..
If a giant magnet were placed at the Earth-Sun L1, would it protect the Moon as well?
Yes, but... math.
An alternative engineering project would be to (once we have room temperature superconductors) run an astronomical curent around the Moon's equator. No, wait, have the superconducting ring be at an angle to the equator because without an atmosphere the diverted charged particles would slam into the surface. We want to have settlements on the rims of the lunar polar cryogenic craters and mine the trapped cometary volatiles.
it would need to be a really, really large magnet, like the size of a small moon, and it would need to last millions of years, modern magnets have lifespans on 20 to a hundred years. If you wanna produce a magnetic field, you need to spin the moon up, similar to earth. Too much, and the moon would collide with the earth, as the shorter its day, the smaller its orbit around earth.
@@dragnothlecoona to keep the Moon tidally locked to the Earth and for it to have a 24 hour solar day it would have to be moved to geosynchronous orbit. That would make the tides on earth extreme. Actually moving the Moon would require an astronomical amount of energy - far beyond our current technology. To have the Moon stay at its present distance and spin up its rotation would also require an astronomical amount of energy - again, far beyond our current technology.
@@robertgraybeard3750 That Is NOT what I meant, I meant that you to give it a 24 hour day, which means breaking its tidal lock with the earth, it would still have an orbital period of 27.3 earth days roughly. However, breaking the tidal lock with earth would cause it to draw closer to earth. I don't know how close it would get either due to the gravitational angular transfer of momentum.
My favourite answer to the question of possibility is:
Short term, yes
Long term, no
The first rules of War there are no rules😊
The second rule of war is that I'm number one!
This randomly reminded me of that Busdriver song “Colonize the Moon.” Woah, that’s almost 10 years old now 😅
Im onto you issac. I know your cat is putting you upto this. Another celestial body for the furry overlords growing empire.
I suspected cats too, when I first saw this video. They really want galactic domination.
You're the best. I sincerely hope you are healthy. Stick around and keep making these.
How will terraforming the moon affect the ocean tides?
Will Earth's gravity be affected?
I'd think it would be easier to basically snow globe the moon then what people normally think of Terra forming.
The thing that always gets me is realizing that Apollo 11’s discarded waste is still sitting in a bag on the moon. I wonder how many microbes are frozen, how many could be thawed out and survive after 50 years.
The Apollo sites are designated national monuments. They would have to be preserved if we started putting erosive water on it.
I would use an orbital ring that exerts torque to add spin. To add H2, use satellites to funnel the solar wind at the planet, thinking Venus, but you would need to slow the wind down so the H2 is captured. Once you had the necessary H2, use the satellites to deflect the solar wind as a magnetsphere.
Great video! I have often thought that taking out Magnetic Field with us is sooo important for Earth life to thrive on another planet, its not just about the protection from cosmic and solar radiation but the fact that ALL life has evolved to be dependant on the MF. I think that when the Apollo Astronauts came back as artists and poets instead of the engineers they were when they left Earth, is a big sign of what happens without our MF..
ARTHURSDAY!!!!
I once sketched out an idea for breaking the moon's tidal lock by using flywheels to rock it back and forth.
I think the moon as it is would be a handy target for any deflected asteroids. Maybe pulverize them to reduce impact energy and debris plumes.
The amount of energy needed to do such a thing would be massive
That would still not be the biggest problem,
That would be the storms and maybe earthquakes that it would create
Or Ourthquakes like mentioned
With moon terraforming i expect it to be more like a series of connected bubble habitats with a synthetic atmosphere made from materials in the moon as it is needed rather than trying to constantly ship in an atmosphere from other parts of the solar system in order to maintain a much thicker gravitationally bound atmosphere.
I don't think the moon has enough gravity to hold on to water and atmosphere
The key is to route the solar wind around the moon, as earth's magnetosphere does ...
The Moon has no Dark Side.
It has a AquaTerra Side and Star Side.
Surprised you haven't already covered this already among all your amazing work!
I am a fan of the 'Worldhouse' roof approach, Luna is a bit too low grav to be worth doing normal terraforming, and as you say, even if so, domes are helpful.
We'll probably make it a billboard first.
nature preserve is more likely
Like in that East German CocaCola joke
What amazing timing, the day we put the first lander on the moon in 50 years.
Hell yeah, Ive been waiting for you to do this topic for months.
Nice episode for my lunch break. Thanks to all involved
We will dig tunnels and fill them with air. But even more likely we will build tunnels in space called space stations and rotate them. That way we not only can get the protection but also get gravity without the penalty of lift energies to get on and off the platform. Why terraform it as there is no magnetic fields to protect people on the surface and the gravity is likely too low to be healthy.
I'm writing a bunch of short stories based in the same universe and I love writing for the Lunar inhabitants because I made them super naturalist. Meaning, they prefer to live in their domes and keep the moon (Luna) as pure as possible. Ending up having over 90% of the moon's surface being a "galactic reserve."
There are those people that always want to preserve everything unaltered by human activity.
My guess without watching the video first: The answer in theory: Yes, but in reality it would be so much work that it neither worth it nor could we actually complete the task (as in, its not impossible, but would take so long that we would abandon the project sooner than it would be finished)
Now i will watch it and then update my comment whether i was write or wrong :)
Update: yeah, pretty much correct :)
Interestingly i was thinking about the atmosphere issue of Mars and Venus and was running numbers to see how long and how much we would need to ship from one place to another - when half way through it dawned on me that just making a thicker CO2 atmosphere would make little sense on Mars... we would need Nitrogen there... and a lot... and the same with Venus too. So while we need to ship gasses (or materials) to each planet... we would simply need to find a reliable and cheap way to do so... and then i landed on the conclusion that... it is in theory possible, but the timescale and the effort and cost... simply makes it a non viable option. Sad thing with Mars is that it would have made sense to replenish the original atmosphere to compensate for the loss (its a fairly small amount daily... which we could simply sort out just by building industries and then pollute the air... and that way it would have been "cheap"... but topping up now is a no go.
so yeah... good video... but we will not see that Blue moon... (and i'd wager that it wont ever happen... as the sun gets hotter and hotter, this zone will be baked like a cookie, so it would make more sense to start the work a bit further outside and wait a bit until the sun actually gives a helping hand by warming up the area out there slightly...
Although nitrogen is a small fraction of the Venusian atmosphere, it has almost 100 times the mass of the Earth's atmosphere, so Venus actually already has enough nitrogen for a terraforming project, in fact it even has excess nitrogen, about 2~3 atms, which could be very useful for a Martian terraforming project if it were exported, but it wouldn't necessarily make Venus more habitable by itself. To do something like that we would need to remove its dense CO2 atmosphere and add hydrogen to make water, one possible way would be to break the CO2 down into carbon and oxygen, unite the oxygen with hydrogen imported from the Sun through starlifiting or atmospheric mining on the gas giants to make water for the Venusian oceans and export the carbon, which could be used for a variety of different materials and products if Venus had an extensive orbital industry that could then be used locally and exported elsewhere in the Solar System.
I already know it will involve micro black holes to boost gravity, or a high tensile strength, transparent membrane to retain the atmosphere.
Or spin it up to a 6 to 4 hour day, so roundabout 120 to 180 times faster - hitting the sweetspot where friction and gravity meet on the edge of loosing themselves to the dance and dancing forever together ...
Could you make a small series describing how each planet could be successfully paraterraformed?
I love all of your videos, but the moon will always be my favorite topic
We can't even have peace on earth. Terraforming the moon would just be one more war zone.
I'm ready for this, can't wait for this episode.
The aliens living inside of the hollow moon, would probably come out side and scrap Terraform settlements.
Like sailors scrap barnacles off the hull of a ship.
I have a plan on how we could achieve this in only 30 years.
Well then. What's your plan?
I’m continually amazed at the art work and images in your videos ❤ so beautiful
Thank you very much for your work! I use a lot of interesting and useful things in my creativity. The first story will be printed soon, and then I’ll get to the novels!
I think it's more likely that we dismantle the Moon and build countless space habitats, that sounds like a more efficient way to use it.
I'm thinking the Moon will most likely become a world of tunnels. A "Worm World" of sorts.
Break the Tidal lock rotation by speeding up said rotation so the moon has similar length of day as Earth, the moon heats up from tidal forces and presto, an atmosphere would begin forming. Placing a Vesta sized moon in close orbit around our moon would prevent tidal locking from reoccurring to our moon. Our moon's moon would be tidally locked though.
We don't need to terraform the Moon, we need to make moon caverns livable.
There's really little reason to put anything there other than a few automated mines. Maybe a few paranoid rich people and deranged influencers will try to live there, but the gimmick would wear off fast.
I believe that terraforming a world that is moving away is counterproductive.
yo I like the way you say earth bro! thanks for the dope content!
Looks like domes would be the way to settle the moon. As for long distance space travel, a base on a comet or large asteroid would be hitching a ride to someplace distant and hopefully predictable. Self-sufficiency would be the thing. Shuttles could easily resupply a moon base, however.
I wonder if until humanity has the technology to properly make the moon’s surface like earths. That we should just start colonizing the moos massive craters. Covering the top then hollow down several hundred feel to a mile or 2. And as we’re going down we widen out a massive cavern. Doing this with a few close enough large craters. So we could have 3 separate caverns with transportation tubes connecting all 3 cities. Then pressurized each place import large amounts of plant like like trees bushes mosses and much more to help with 3 things. To create and build up a clear air support system. #2 to have all natural CO2 scrubbers. & #3 to have the green and eventually birds and other life from earth to help the people living on the moon.
Would the human body be able to feel the tidal difference on a rotating Moon? Would measuring weight there show much of a difference at high and low tide?
Here is my solution, based on what is presented here and what I know from other videos here.
First, spin up the moon using mass drivers, and make these the main method of importing and exporting to control the rotational speed precisely. Then, use orbital rings to create a “shell world” around the moon, except the shell would be the clear, ultra hard tank armour material that filters UV. Basically, “doming” over the entire planet. While this is being constructed, start the process of importing the atmosphere, so you can time it so when the atmosphere is in place, the shell is also completed. Then I probably just wouldn’t worry about the gravity and let evolution take its course there so that the plants and animals that live there specialize to the gravity, or even use genetic engineering to make it happen. The dome solves the atmospheric loss problem and the radiation/magnetosphere problem at the same time. It would definitely be a different kind of sky with the orbital rings overhead, but I think it would be its own unique attraction.
Every time I hear about terraforming I'm reminded that once you can build real estate directly in space, planets become backwaters, not much more than raw materials storage. Terraforming is essentially like a caveman using modern construction techniques to build modestly better caves, rather than building mansions and skyscrapers.
I forget where it originated but there was a sort of "epic description" ,, In the future an architect wins enough support to build an enormous superstructure on the moon, which is designed to support modular addition of habitats as the structure is gradually populated. Some areas of the superstructure are heavily populated, some are completely empty and are nothing but girders, utility bones (giant empty pipes, for example), ,, other places are filled with storage containers and homeless ,,, but deep in the belly of the heavily populated areas the plumbing network culminates in a huge area of "naturalist oriented water recycling" where cultivation of wilderness has taken place. People live in the indoor jungle as tribes, and new animals have evolved as a result of the dynamics of the high-tech waste environment. Mario and Luigi are plumbers who work in all arenas of the super-structure (which spans miles and miles of the lunar surface) and specialize in heavy industrial plumbing, so often find themselves moving from one part of the superstructure to another through the pipes themselves. The pipes are also home to an illegal trafficking network led by a mysterious leader who ultimately turns out to be a creature that was born from the crazy animals in the under-jungle, but was intelligent and took genetic enhancements to become a giant powerful beast with human-equal intellect. M and L find themselves accidently in the midst of a plot by bowser to destroy the entire superstructure with the goal that the jungle-animals will reclaim the moon which will become atmospheric as a result of the destruction of the giant city, which contained so much water. Princess Peach is the daughter of a rich infrastructure baron and tells them about the plot, her father insists she is insane but she runs away and finds herself meeting M and L inside of the pipes. They try to avoid involvement but she is clumsy and after meeting them almost dies falling into the deep sewage jungle.
-
In this pit of dangerous jungle live all sorts of animals like dinosaurs and although M and L are aware of it they have never been to the place, as no one they have ever heard of has survived. They discover the girl is not insane after nearly losing their lives to creatures they never imagined, highly intelligent shelled animals (koopa troopers) attack them, and they narrowly escape into the presence of an altogether more friendly animal, Yoshi the velociraptor looking dinosaur. Big pointy teeth aside, Yoshi seems to be cuddly but like the Mario Bros also displays and incredible jump and allows them all to ride as they jump them back up to the edge of the superstructure and leave them there. Peach insists that to stop the destruction of the city, they must find a criminal mastermind living the jungle and suggests they too might be an animal like the koopa troopers they engaged. They are still lost, and do not know where they are in the city, and find themselves stuck there at the edge until they notice humans peeking at them through the brush. They meet the tribe of people who ultimately lead them to a nuclear bomb embedded in toxic waste which when set off will surely lead to the deaths of all humans in the superstructure. With much adventure, and more battles, they find themselves in the position to save the city by unleashing a flood into the jungle, which will kill everything in it, but also nuetralize the bomb. Yoshi sacrifices himself at one point to save M and L by jumping them up onto a pipe before falling to his death, and ultimately they cause their own deaths by deciding their only option was to release the flood upon themselves as the bomb is set to explode.
backstory:
Princess Peach has a real name, but being the richest daughter on the moon, she is often the feature of tabloids who describe her silly behavior and call her "Princess Peach" as a derogitory term. She is famous and everyone on the moon knows her.
Princess Peach is spoiled and has cuddly animal friends, but one day she finds a new cuddly animal friend and begs to keep it. Of course she gets her way but only to discover this new cuddly friend can talk. This friend at first is just friendly and cuddly but as she askes personal questions to get to know her new friend, they describe the koopa troopers, bowser, and eventually bowsers plan to free them all of the humans and give them the moon, which her new friend is very excited for! Imagine! The whole moon only for the underlings.
❤, listening to your videos fill me with hope for our future.
Changing the homo sapiens to adapt to exoplanets would be very dangerous. The same way any former colony in the americas would have no problems declaring war against their old coutries, those new "humans" would become a potential treat to humanity.
I always imagined terraforming the Moon by (somehow) depositing a really dense gas that would readily 'cling' on the Moon and not easily get blown off by solar wind. Then adding water to both the new atmosphere and surface, and diffusing O2, N2 and CO2 in enough quantities for life.
Interesting topic! Looking forward to hearing your insight.
Studying horticulture knowing I might be growing plants in space soon 👀
Maybe soon if we develop radical life extension within a human lifetime. aint happening any decade soon at any real scale
@@virutech32 have faith in AI, brother 🫡
I begin listening and instantly think, “oh please oh please let him talk about the whalers on the moon”!
A terraformed Moon would be much brighter than it is now currently with an average albedo similar to asphalt. Forests and clouds would not only reflect significantly more light but also a fair amount of color instead of the age old white. Night would never be the same.
Would it be a good idea to apply a slow-molecule (CO2 or something alike) thin atmosphere on a domed-over Moon or Mars? It would add a layer of micrometeorite and radiation protection. Just few millibars (like in 80-60 km above Earth) can take care of a lot of micrometeoroids, even some larger stuff. And it would require much less maintenance/replenishment than a breathable or even „just“ a no-spacesuit-required-level-pressure atmosphere.
for most things on this channel…it’s usually a question of practicality…not possibility…I like that…😊 we can do quite a bit within the laws of physics and engineering…unfortunately what our wallets allow is unfortunately quite a lot more limited…
When changing the day night cycle, wouldnt it only have to be at least some what like earths (19-30 hours or so), for it to be good enough. Wouldn't it would be too much effort to make it exactly 24 hours when we would just need it to be fast enough to not cause one side of the planet to heat up a bunch?
I wonder if plants and animals that are adapted to the polar night lasting several weeks or months in the taiga and tundra biomes could adapt to the long nights on the moon or on a terraformed Venus as well. They might perceive the long night as a "winter" and throw off their leaves/go into hibernation, while going into spring mode when the long day starts.
I was thinking about building a dyson sphere around the moon so that then the can make the inside more habitital
Wouldn’t increasing the gravity on the moon compress the moon?
Gravitational effects scale roughly as size squared, so we do know to a great extent how low gravity affects organisms because we can readily observe small people and small organisms. Though obviously evolution is usually to a relatively narrow size range and asteroid gravity probably wouldn't do for most terrestrial organisms.
Gravity I think would be the most insurmountable for example a person that has been born on the moon and goes to Earth, the gravity here on Earth might actually be lethal imagine generations of "adaptation" to the Moon's gravity...
This sounds like a typical human idea to rush in an do something without considering the unintended consequences.
Your name really is Isaac Arthur! This is funny coincidence. Isaac Asimov Arthur Clark. Years pass and I still can't believe it, it's so cool.
(Sorry this is the kid in me).
In considering long-term projects also consider that the Moon is very very slowly moving away from the Earth.
The power that the civilzation holds when doing such projects is more than enough to push moon back or even maybe send crashing into earth lol,
Remember that the moon is going away because it's sapping energy away from earth's rotation, converting it into orbital speed, we maybe able to reverse that process in a way piggy backing on our ongoing day lenght terraforming, putting large thrusters, or even tether the moon with the earth by linking them on the base of orbital rings (circumvent the problem of different rotational speed)
Also the moon will stay in the solar system even if it escaped earth lol, the sun is just that massive it remains significant at ranges over a light year lol
Can we do it? Yes, yes we can.
The questions should be should we and what problems would it cause.
This sounds like a lot more time and money than I’m interested in investing in a project.
I would expect health effects of low gravity to be largely solved by mid-century through silencing our sedentary genes. This would be an element of life extension efforts. I expect low gravity to become very popular (though whether Lunar or Martian is preferred, I don't know).
A title worth a million views 🎉
Could you make or change a gas to make it heavier so moons gravity can hold on to it?
We can't even collaborate to keep our own earth to remain inhabitable.