Your Daily Equation #26: Einstein's General Theory of Relativity: The Essential Idea
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 13 มิ.ย. 2024
- Episode 26 #YourDailyEquation: Albert Einstein's General Theory of Relativity, phrased in terms of warps and curves in space and time, provides our most refined description of the gravitational force. Join Brian Greene for a visual exploration of Einstein's most profound discovery and the equations he triumphantly announced in 1915.
Even if your math is a bit rusty, join Brian Greene for brief and breezy discussions of pivotal equations and exciting stories of nature and numbers that will allow you to see the universe in a new way.
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I’m a retired physics teacher. I used to use many of Brian’s examples from “The Elegant Universe” and “Fabric of the Cosmos” to explain Special and General Relativity. Thanks Brian!
Thank you Mr Brian Greene, this lecture means the world to me.
I'm an undergrad physics student and an older one now, and still an incomplete one. But I did get a solid foundation...from a certain few inspiring excellent professors...
However several years ago having long talks with an astute physicist friend of mine about physics got me started again.
I didn't get to a Relativity class in my first go round ,-- set of courses completed .. I believe I can learn on my own because if the great quality of lessons online....yours is one such source for me..
Didn't Ralph Townes learn a lot of physics on his own ,( with some guidance from a professor at Columbia?)..before going on to invent the MASER??
ID rather learn physics than anything in the world, had a bit of a *rough start but I believe I can do this so thanks so very much !
These talks are phenomenally lucid. I wish the Great Courses company would take notice and offer to provide a further platform for Prof. Greene´s brilliant exposition of broad swaths of modern physics. Perhaps they already have.
I must thank you Brian. I have known of your work for many years but only recently come across Your Daily Equation. It has forced me to re-engage my recently 78 year old brain and it delights me! I will follow YDE from now on.
Thank you TH-cam for recommending this channel. Informative, direct, and excellent explanation.
Thank you for explaining the great ideas so clearly and fluently. I fall in love with science from your performances.
This is so awesome. Thank you for doing these videos. I have been meaning to ask for GR for a while. But I actually had a special request about it. Not just the equation, but also the QM equation and where the two don't relate (if that even makes sense). Thank you again for this.
Thank you once again. I look forward to these daily equation sessions.
Thank you Brian it was beautiful!! I am glad I discovered this site!!
Beautiful explanations and teaching techniques. May you be blessed with an ocean of knowledge!
Hi Prof. Greene,
Greetings from West Wales. Hope you are keeping well. Thanks for another great episode of Your Daily Equation. Looking forward to more GR.
Best wishes & Stay Safe.
Paul C.
Thanks a lot for this wonderful explanation. It is such a joy to listen in to Brian Green. And it is all for free.:-)
A beautifully clear introduction to GR. Thank you ever so much Prof Greene. May these talks continue for a long time to come, I'm learning so much.
Sorry to be offtopic but does someone know a tool to log back into an instagram account?
I stupidly forgot the password. I appreciate any assistance you can offer me.
@Julio Zayd Instablaster :)
@Mitchell Bennett I really appreciate your reply. I got to the site on google and im in the hacking process atm.
I see it takes quite some time so I will reply here later with my results.
@Mitchell Bennett it worked and I finally got access to my account again. I'm so happy!
Thanks so much you saved my ass :D
@Julio Zayd Happy to help xD
Thank you professor Brian!
Thanks Brian. You are doing Great work.
This video is great. All the knowledge has been shared in a single video...
These series are amazing!!! Please consider making it a weekly thing after the lockdown ends.
thank you ... you are so charismatic ... its so great gift to teach us for free for those great ideas ... thank you
Outstanding! Thank you.
Thank you professor Greene for an excellent explanation.
This is a fabulous video! I cannot wait until the unpacking of the GR equation!!! Thank you.🙏
Very nicely done - as usual!
I am so thankful that there is a video like this available , now I understand more on the reasoning behind Einstein's thoughts.
Truly amazing ! Thank you so much .
Thank you so much. You are the best talker to give me an understanding about the general theory of relativity. Your talk makes me have an interest in physics. I wish i could have a good teacher like you about 50 years ago. I really enjoyed the happiness of getting a knowledge. Thank you again.
Professor Greene explains things so clearly. Just brilliant!
Wonderful lecture
These videos are amazing!
THANK YOU PROFESSOR GREENE!
Awesome professor Brian! .. had never heard about the example with the circular motion! Great! ... This series "Your daily equation" is the best thing that has happened to us, learning physics from one giant of our generation!! Thanks a lot professor!!
Thank you for teaching us the basic. Although, you are very advanced. You have the patience to explain us the basis of these phenomena. Please go on. Thank you so much.
I thought I ran out of time today, then I remembered it's all relative. It's always on time.
Brother u ran out of time in someone others relativity on ur relativeness
Hey ! Please remove yourself from my reality ! :)
@@k7iq I got your reference buddy lol
Anyone who is type B be like.
😄
What a great explanation!
Thank you Professor.
Could you give a lesson about tensors?
please lesson on tensors
What kind of tenders though? Chicken? Rib meat or breast meat? And afterwards maybe he should do a lesson on ligaments as well. 😁
@@stevenutter3614 A maths and physical therapy joint joke: How do you call an expired tensor?
An extensor!
Who is he Rodney Mullen? : )
I enjoyed watching this post very much.
Thanks to Brian Greene for this video
👍👍🙏🙏❤❤
I'm Blessed, to listen straight from Greene 🖖🙏♥️
thank you so much for such a helpful information.
@16:01 Thankyou! Seeing this space-warp example settled a question that has been with me for some time.
I do not understand how the scale shrinks or why we need more scales can anyone explain me if you understand
@@spacetime484 have exactly the same question
Thank you
Hey Brian I just became aware of these ‘daily equations’ which are most informative and well explained, especially for a somewhat dull tool in the shed like me. I watched this episode first then went back to E=mc^2. I’m glad that at some point you figured out the split screen thingy 😄
Thanks, I enjoyed it a lot.
Brain is just so clear...! Thanks!
Great video on General Relativity
Thank you from Israel. I am a yoga teacher, don't know much science yet read some science books here and there. This video helped me understand some general relativity. Thank you.
I was really waiting for this topic
So good! Thank you.
This is the first time I have seen address to the obvious shortcomings of the rubber sheet analogy.
Yes indeed Misha. That has bothered me for so long. Finally a top level scientist presents it, but at the same time points out its inadequacy. I feel better that someone says that although it may be one of the best analogies, it defines gravity by using gravity and therefore doesn't really "explain" the concept.
@@ucurie A better way to visualize the concept of curved spacetime using the "trampoline" analogy is to imagine trying to lay down a long, thin and straight ribbon on the fabric. Now, because the trampoline is stretched and curved, this ribbon will appear to bend around the object. Since the ribbon represents the path of a particle, this gives the illusion that a force has bent its path. This is a better way to think about it, because this captures the main idea of general relativity, which is that particles follow straight paths, more precisely called "geodesics", and they will bend due to the curvature, again giving the illusion of a gravitational force. The obvious problem with the analogy that it only shows curved 2-D space and not curved 4-D SPACETIME. I haven't finished watching this video, so I am sorry if Brian mentions this in the video.
All analogies are imperfect. If they were perfect, they wouldn't be analogies, they'd be the real thing. One should never take any analogy too far.
Agree, I've seen it explained many times but they never reference that this is actually in 3D. It may seem obvious but I can understand it confuses people.
Good teaching style. Beginner level coverage
I look forward to hearing more about the time piece which I had failed to fully appreciate.
Thank u sir .. u cleared my one of the greatest doubts
ありがとう! Thank you
Dr. Greene. May we learn about infinity and infinities? Thanks for your commitment to the series.
Breathtaking Class of the Einstein's General Relativity creativity of a Stunning Scientist/Physicist 🙏
I'm not a Scientist, just I love learning, from a Simple Human Being 🙏
Thank you for all you do!
Eagerly waiting to learn Differential Geometry in upcoming episodes to understand the Einstein Field Equation.....Thank you so much Professor.
I do not understand how the scale shrinks or why we need more scales can anyone explain me if you understand
Waiting patiently for a course in Einstein's Theory of General Relativity in World Science U.
Now you've covered Einstein's equations for the photoelectric effect, and the special and general relativities. I'd like to see the equations that started it all, first where he calculated Avogadro's number, and then where he calculated the equations of Brownian motion and proved the existence of atoms/molecules.
Thank you, professor Greene! It's an art to simplify such complex concepts into courses like this. I really enjoyed it. 👏🙏
Thank you, Prof. Greene. Outstanding how you can take these concepts and explain them so clearly and make them entertaining.
Question: Is the same gravitational mechanism that causes Earth to orbit the sun apply to an object/person on the Earth (feeling the force of gravity)?
Archaeometal yes
I do not understand how the scale shrinks or why we need more scales can anyone explain me if you understand
I love the new location! In this period it feels good to look out of some different window...
Thank you, Mr.Greene
For connecting acceleration and curvature, I always thought of it as visualising a displacement-time graph (or maybe a space-time diagram)
A motion of uniform velocity would be a straight line; an accelerated motion would be a curved line.
He is always, so full of optimism
Really gives a feeling about the GTR, I cannot wait for the derivation and the tensor math. Thank you.
Is there a derivation video coming?
I do not understand how the scale shrinks or why we need more scales can anyone explain me if you understand
Great 🙏thanks sir 🙂☀️
The 3-D animation of a space deformation by a massive object is great! ...😍 I've always wanted to see that in 3-D. Thank you! 💖
fantastic!
Great view, reminds of Scotland
Any concept you explain comes clear as water, what a gift.
21:55 tho hahahaha
From the legend, himself. Awesome stuff.
Beautiful
amazing
Thank you please keep going on deconstructing the field equations and how Schwarzshild derived his exact solution. Do you find the light beam through an accelerating elevator helpful in explaining curvature of spacetime?
Hi, it would be helpful if you put everything in a playlist covering all of a certain topic such as general relativity.
love you professor, i wish i can meet up with you someday
Finally someone who explains clearly a question noone answered me when I ask: if gravity is acceleration, why are we not now speeding at exponential times the speed of light? Because acceleration is also a change in curvature, not only a change of speed! Thank you professor Greene, these daily equations are just fantastic.
12:22 Just brilliant. General Relativity was the most powerful mind exercise ever.
Please do a video on Electrodynamics
Love the intro 💕
Thebottle of water with the hole in it the dropped was a great example of the equivalence principle you used.
May God bless you sir
Just saw World Science Festival 1995 talking about general Theory of Relativity.
Wasn't WSF founded in 2010?
Now we need to explain "Dark Matter" and "Dark Energy" in relation to General Relativity.
"Dark energy" is just Lamda, the cosmological constant that Brian left out of his display of the Einstein GR equation. The real puzzle is why Lamda has the particular value that it happens to have. It's not zero, which was the assumption before "dark energy" was observed. But we don't know why it has the value it does, anymore than we know why the electron or the up quark have the masses that they have.
@@barryomahony4983 was dark matter observed?
We are free falling into a black hole ... Nothing to worry about cause we will never hit it. However we are stationary observers but to an outside observer higher up the gravity well our metric is changing; time is slowing and distance is contracting. If the distance standard that we have is contracting then all the other ones outside our reference frame must be expanding. The expansion is cumulative with distance from us therefore, no need for dark energy.
Now dark matter. I think by now it is settled science that super massive black holes exist at the core of every galaxy. So when we observe a galaxy we are looking at a range of escape velocities, approaching the speed of light at the center. So when we look at a galaxy and measure the speed of individual stars, we must take into account the escape velocity of the region the star is in and treat the motion of the star as if the stars measured motion is added to the escape velocity of its position in the galaxy relativistically. This will have the effect of making stars toward the interior of the galactic disk to be measured as slower than stars farther out on the disk.
@@frankcastellana1846 incorrect
Another great presentation Brian, many thanks! Perhaps like a lot of people, I've never felt entirely comfortable with the "rubber sheet" analogy - but coming across the fairground ride/Lorentzian contraction of circumferential elements example for the first time, was - well - somehow much more satisfying 👍. PS Also very impressed by the falling leaky bottle demo!
Love to see him on discovery channel
I love the 3d depiction because thats how ive always pictured it. Whats nice about that is you can see a 2D plain of space time being bent in all directions. Above, below, beside, behind and in front of the object, and how when the object is further away the fabric bends less. So instead of Newtons' theory having instant influence from one object to another the object would instead have a instant influence on space time. Pretty cool
The 3d depictions are actually using Newton's gravity law propagating at a finite speed.
21:59 "or if you put yourself in the shoes of the bottle of water, whatever that means." i don't know why, but that made me laugh hysterically.
Sir : I am at loss to find words to thank you and pay my gratitude :as siting so far away: I learnt a lot from you: as Einstein’s Special Theory of Relativity and General Theory of Relativity: oooh wow:without your help it’s pretty hard almost impossible to understand:I follow your Stage lectures as well: Your way if explanation presentation communication to make understand guys like me: and of course a lot / millions like me across the globe: that’s why I repeat that I don’t have words can’t find them at loss: how to thank you and to express my gratitude: that’s the beauty of science Legends like you only have the sensitivity to pass on your knowledge for nothing no self interest whatsoever : deserved our full appreciation: Keep up the good work beyond boundaries..!!🙏🙏
I do not understand how the scale shrinks or why we need more scales can anyone explain me if you understand
hey that looks just like the place in danby where the plateks used to live back in the 90s!
Is the approach of sticking together different LISes an equivalent reasoning for linking curvature with gravity to the tornado ride you mentioned, or is it conceptually little bit different?
Thanks for the great, clear explanation! The animation at 16:00 is how I'd been picturing "gravity" in my head (...and yes, with just a single object - more than one gets hard for me to imagine). It'd be really interesting to see something similar with two or three objects influencing each other (orbiting, passing by) in a "3D grid" rather than just a single object all by itself. Does anyone have a link to animations like that? :)
I do not understand how the scale shrinks or why we need more scales can anyone explain me if you understand
Can anyone explain why it takes more rulers to measure the inside? I don't understand that.
Next time do one on gravitational waves
One quetion please! Since acceleration is relative.. is a free falling electron radiating or not? Thanks!
Same doubt here.
In the UK 🇬🇧 we call the tornado ride the rotor and Einstein uses this analogy in one of his books for a non mathematical reader like me. In other words on the rotor you are stuck or pushed against the wall as though gravity pulls you to it. When it stops gravity is restored to pulling you down in other words there is equivalence between the two.
Its good you started GR. Just wanted to know how to solve GR equations.
@@senorVAC1 ???
At the expense of great mathematical complexity, GR has pushed the "what's the mechanism" question one step further down the road. It enables calculation of the curvature of space-time by mass-energy and the motion of things in that curved space-time (and many other wonderful results), but it provides no physical mechanism by which the curvature of space-time is produced.
The problem appears to be that we do not yet really understand the structure and composition of space-time. Is space-time discretized at the Planck scale? Does it consist of a grid of nodal points connected by elastic "strings" of Planck Length? Are there short range forces that would bind nodes (or string ends) if they were brought in proximity by local folding and/or rotation of the Planck grid? Does mass-energy warp the geometry of space-time because mass-energy IS distorted space-time? Whatever the answers to these questions may be, we would still have to explain the mechanism by which those forces are produced.
The rabbit hole of physics appears infinitely deep.
You look like a rockstar, Brian. 👍 👍
"It was always there" ... that is a monumental epistemological claim !
Brilliant . I recommend 1.5x