Building an electric motor from a 1916 vintage reference book.
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 22 พ.ค. 2024
- Creating a simple electric motor is an intriguing venture, particularly when inspired by vintage texts such as the 1916 technical book, "Electrical Apparatus Making for Beginners." While acknowledging the significance of historical knowledge, it's essential to recognize the evolution of safety standards and materials availability since that time.
The preface of such vintage texts often emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive understanding of theory and practice for aspiring scientists and mechanicians, reflecting the ethos of its era. However, by contemporary standards, some aspects of these teachings may not align with modern sensibilities. Indeed, the reliance on substances like concentrated oleum sulfuric acid and mercury, once common in experimental setups, would raise eyebrows today due to their hazardous nature and restricted access.
Furthermore, while the original diagrams and textual instructions may have been foundational for their time, they often left room for interpretation and adaptation. In my own exploration, I found the diagrams lacking in precision and the textual explanations somewhat vague. Nevertheless, armed with curiosity and ingenuity, I embarked on a journey to reinterpret and enhance the original design to suit the materials available to me.
Through experimentation and iteration, I sought to honor the spirit of innovation while prioritizing contemporary standards of safety and accessibility.In this way, while the vintage text provided inspiration for my endeavor to create a simple electric motor. This evolved into a blend of historical homage and modern adaptation.
Here is a link I have since found to an online copy of the book . archive.org/details/dli.minis...
Here is a link to the incredible resource at worldradiohistory.com- www.worldradiohistory.com/ind... - เพลง
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This was not just straightforward but elegant in its presentation
Thank you for the kind comment.
Such a lovely project, the essence of all future land based transport made real from a design over 100 years old. Sure we now have the ability to do all sorts of ‘magical things’ like brushless motors, but the basic motor ideas have only been refined, it still magnets current & control as so beautifully shown. Thank you for sharing!
Thank you. I have made lots of small model motors over the years . The most basic when I was in school with cotton reels and drawing pins and a horseshoe magnet. I was presented with this book some 50 years latter and just had to make another. There is an interesting timeline of motor development on wiki. It lists the big names in science and their respective contributions. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_electric_motor
Never underestimate the technology in out dated books.
IMHO old science book somehow explains things betters. When I was in high school in 2000-2004 my grandfather gave me his old physics book published just after WWII. My school book obviously contains more information about things discovered after old one was published, but in chapters about the same things old one was way better written.
Not surprised.@@stanisawszczypua9076
@@stanisawszczypua9076I believe that In modern teaching of science, there appears to be a trend of side-lining old fundamental electrical principles in favour of newer, more applied approaches, potentially reflecting a shift towards emphasizing practical applications over theoretical foundations.
Amazing video to me. Thanks so much, i learned a few things. I remember as a kid in the late fifties seeing so many such plans in Popular mechanics and Popular science magazine ,and yearning to someday build such a motor. Good for you. I am sure that we will never realize how much fun you had making it. Your video made me smile so much my face hurts. I'm going to my shop and sweep the floor.
John, your comment truly made my day! It's great to connect with someone who shares my love for Popular Mechanics, Popular Science, and electronics magazines. Here is the link to the book archive.org/details/dli.ministry.12264/page/3/mode/2up and the incredible resource at worldradiohistory.com- www.worldradiohistory.com/index.htm its a goldmine for enthusiasts like us. Thanks again for your support and for adding to the conversation.
The motor is an object of simplistic beauty. One lifetime is too short to do everything one wants to do so it is fantastic to see a craftsman build something from an old school book. I have downloaded many such books in eBook format from Gutenberg but alas I do not have the time or the equipment to reproduce any project. Well done sir your personality shows in your work. I had a Merit chemistry set that was our primary hobby in the 60's and 70's apart from collecting stamps - which no one does any longer I believe.
Thank you Hendrik, I really appreciate the kind comments. I have always enjoyed building electronic and electromechanical projects. Over the years I have designed and built quite an eclectic range of devices. Most of my interests have been science and radio based. I took my amateur radio licence back in 1980 after many years of building radios and transmitters it was finally great to talk to like minded enthusiasts. I wonder if you have seen my video of the mechanical television? This was my all time favourite project it encompassed all the disciplines of electronics, mechanics, audio and radio.
@@stevewardguitars1661 A mechanical television? NO sir - I am subscribing and I will have a look. The closest I ever came to a radio was the CB in my car back in the 70's. Your work is amazing and it deserves many , many views. Greetings from Africa. A few years ago I bought a tube amplifier. It is still in the box as honestly I do not know how to put together a complete audio system. I have spent 50 years in IT so that I know well. I have so many kits of electronic projects lying around including Raspberry but I do not have the electronic background to really do much.
Great motor a nice interpretation of the drawings from the book.
Thank you I appreciate the feedback .
Beautifully done! Great video! A similar book you might liked is "The Boy Electrician" by Alfred P Morgan from that same time period. If you google it there a plenty of free pdfs available for downloads since it seems to have been published before copyrights took effect in the US. Don't let the name fool you - its the best book I have ever seen for how to build basic electrical stuff!
Thank you for the comments. It was a nice project and kept me amused for several days . I experimented obsessively when i was in school from some old text books. My favorite gadgets involved high voltages. I had access to old magnetos and ignition coils. I used vibrators from old radio sets in series with an ignition coil with a 0.1uf cap across the vibrator. This gave me continuous 1 1/2" sparks. I built a coherer in a old fuse with fillings from a nickle coin. I also built an oscilloscope with an old black and white tv tube. I used a eht rectifier valve running off a 1 1/2 volt battery to rectifier the ignition coil and feed the eht to the tube. I did not no how to build a saw-tooth timbase so instead fed the scan coils for the y axis with a 12 volt AC . The X axis was fed from a simple valve amp I had built from the fun with radio book by Gilbeert and Davy. It gave a great display even if the trace was a symmetrical representation of the input waveform. I dread to think how much X ray radiation I must of exposed myself to at that time.
I found the link to the book you mentioned on the world radio history website. Thank you again. www.worldradiohistory.com/BOOKSHELF-ARH/Technology/Author-Groups/A.P.Morgan/The-Boy-Electrician-Morgan.pdfwww.worldradiohistory.com/BOOKSHELF-ARH/Technology/Author-Groups/A.P.Morgan/The-Boy-Electrician-Morgan.pdf
@@stevewardguitars1661 Gee - you just described a lot of the things I did! ignitions coils and oscilloscope TV included! And a coherer - wow - so few people even know about that early RF detector!
By the way - you probably dont have much to worry about regarding X-Rays- the 18kv or so on BW tv tubes is very low energy and the xrays are very "soft" meaning easily absorbed. Most likely the lead glass in the CRT absorbed most of the X-Rays. Color CRTs used up to 35kV and were worse, but it was the early color sets that had a triode that regulated the HV by shunting it to ground. The were really good X-ray tubes!
Thank you very much for sharing 💕
Using the strobe to find the rpm was real clever, nice work!
Thank you. I really enjoyed re-imagining this project from the 20's. LED's are really usefull devices and will switch at incredible speeds without hysteresis or thermal lag like an incandescent lamp. I have used 1 watt leds in a optical transmitter. Its an FM transmitter and switches the led at 25khz and modulates them with audio. With a few 6" pound-shop magnifying glass lenses in front of the transmitter and receiver I can get 10 miles line of sight!There is a video on this channel of the project .
That is a fun little project. Well done. I would like to get this book someday.
Hi Ted, Thank you for the comments. There is a link to an online copy of the book in the text /write up at the top of the page under the video.
Terrific! Did you include bearings for the shaft to run on? Incidentally, your strobe is easily as impressive as the motor but there are rev counter apps for your smart phone. But that's now not in the spirit of the thing , I know! Cheers Steve, that was fun.
HI Mark, There are no metal roller bearings, however the brass shaft runs in nylon bearings fixed to the supports. It did keep me amused for a day or two re-imagining the text from the old book. Some of the books projects included making your own primary cells. Honestly the idea that school children of the present era could be entrusted with conc sulfuric acid and a 1/2 pint of mercury for some of the projects is horrifying.
I like so mush the estrobe efect...gona triall here too
L.E.D's unlike incandescent lamps have no thermal lag or persistence.They can be switched on and off at several hundred kilohertz with ease. The only near competition comes from neon or zeon tubes. I built an frequency modulated optical transmitter using leds and photo-diodes. The carrier frequency was around 30 khz. I made a rough video of this project somewhere on my page. In clear line of sight the range was several miles .
Thanks .......interesting.
Thank you I appreciate the feedback.
great!
Thankyou
It's better to put a piece of tape on the flywheel and start from a higher frequency for the strobe and a reduce it until you see the piece of tape in one place. If you increase the strobing frequency, it might appear that the frequency is right but actually it is only half of the frequency, so it lights only on every other rotation.
I'm wondering if it can be run in repulsion mode such that you have north repelling north, and south repelling south to cause rotation 🤔
Fantastic video! What other design specs did the book offer?
some of the other designs were various solenoids, galvanometer type instruments, a voltmeter made out of a compass and a shocking coil!
HI I have found a link to an online copy of the book which may be of interest . archive.org/details/dli.ministry.12264/page/3/mode/2up
Albert. V. Ballhatchet. He really did decide to bury the hatchet in a most unforgiving way. All his friends knew him as Al Nutchopper, not that he had a lot of friends, male friends especially.
Great effort. How much current did the motor draw at 12V?
Hi , The motor draws around 1 amp when running dipping at a full speed to around 0.75A .
@@stevewardguitars1661 Thank You. Intresting how motors draw less current at speed.🙂
@@benvandermerwe2359Motors in general can draw 10 X their normal running current at startup. This is due to the increase in inductive reactance as the motor spins up to full speed. When stationary only the relatively low resistance of the stator and armature coils is in opposition to the supplied voltage. At this point the current is high. As the speed increases the inductive reactance of the spinning motor also increases and so does therefore the opposition to applied voltage. The current then drops with the increased resistance. More current will be drawn however when the motor is under load.
How many watts if generator
This device is actually a motor, not a generator, so it won't generate any power. It relies on electromagnets in the field windings. However, if these were replaced with permanent magnets, it might generate a minuscule amount of voltage. The inefficiency of the design stems from the weak coupling between the rotor and the field windings.
I think teaching kids how to safely handle acids and mercury is better than hiding it from them. You just have to make clear the dangers so that even the anti-authoritarian kids know that mercury doesn't care about their feelings.
Kids shouldn't be near mercury. One mistake (which kids will make) and it's game over.
well Once upon a time in the west lewis and Clark mapped out the western territories and they relied heavily on a good dose of mercury to relive not only constipation but also to cure syphilis. Try telling that the the youngsters of today...
Mercurials were the wonder drug of their day, bag balm had it up until recently, too bad the cure was worse than the ailment.
1916 isn’t vintage.
Apologies for any misunderstanding; I graciously acknowledge my error. The distinction seems to be a matter of semantics-should we classify it as vintage or antique? Given that the book exceeds a century in age, it likely falls into the antique category. I've included a link to the aforementioned vintage/antique text for your enjoyment. I eagerly anticipate the possibility of seeing your rendition of the model motor, should you choose to accept the basic electro - mechanical challenge.
archive.org/details/dli.ministry.12264/page/105/mode/2up