Intro to Cell Signaling

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 4 ก.พ. 2025
  • Explore cell signaling with the Amoeba Sisters! This introductory video describes vocabulary such as ligand and receptor. It includes the stages of cell signaling (reception, transduction, and response) and different types of signaling including autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine. This is just an introduction to a series on signaling that we hope to expand on in the future!
    Factual References:
    OpenStax, Biology. OpenStax CNX. Jun 1, 2018 cnx.org/content....
    Reece, J. B., & Campbell, N. A. (2011). Campbell biology. Boston: Benjamin Cummings / Pearson.
    Further Reading Suggestion:
    Want to learn more about autocrine signaling in cancer cells?
    www.ncbi.nlm.n...
    ---------------------------
    Biology Video Playlist: • Amoeba Sisters Biology...
    The Amoeba Sisters videos demystify science with humor and relevance. The videos center on Pinky's certification and experience in teaching biology at the high school level. Amoeba Sisters videos only cover concepts that Pinky is certified to teach, and they focus on her specialty: secondary life science. Learn more about our videos here: www.amoebasist...
    ⭐ Our Linktree: linktr.ee/amoe...
    🗂️ Resources that complement our videos! Visit docs.google.co...
    ❤️ Support Us? www.amoebasist...
    TIPS FOR VIEWING EDU TH-cam VIDEOS:
    Want to learn tips for viewing edu TH-cam videos including changing the speed, language, viewing the transcript, etc? www.amoebasist...
    MUSIC:
    Our intro music designed and performed by Jeremiah Cheshire.
    End music in this video is listed free to use/no attribution required from the TH-cam audio library www.youtube.co...
    COMMUNITY:
    We take pride in our AWESOME community, and we welcome feedback and discussion. However, please remember that this is an education channel. See TH-cam's community guidelines and how TH-cam handles comments that are reported by the community. We also reserve the right to remove comments.
    TRANSLATIONS:
    Dutch captions by M. Torn
    While we don't allow dubbing of our videos, we do gladly accept subtitle translations from our community. Some translated subtitles on our videos were translated by the community using TH-cam's community-contributed subtitle feature. After the feature was discontinued by TH-cam, we have another option for submitting translated subtitles here: www.amoebasist... We want to thank our amazing community for the generosity of their time in continuing to create translated subtitles. If you have a concern about community contributed contributions, please contact us.

ความคิดเห็น • 368

  • @AmoebaSisters
    @AmoebaSisters  6 ปีที่แล้ว +130

    We hope you enjoyed our video! Learn more about our videos including translations, standards, resources, and more here www.amoebasisters.com/our-videos

    • @SourPatchLyds
      @SourPatchLyds 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Cute AND helpful!

    • @mayapapaya5005
      @mayapapaya5005 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      hey, my teacher introduced us to ur channel and i have to say its pretty easy to watch and its not all science. the animation is wonderful! keep up the good work guys :)

    • @bakerbuncha5
      @bakerbuncha5 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      So g

    • @bakerbuncha5
      @bakerbuncha5 5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Sorry

    • @kayleighsweetser851
      @kayleighsweetser851 5 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@mayapapaya5005 so rad!

  • @joyganguly6834
    @joyganguly6834 2 ปีที่แล้ว +423

    Honestly, this 9 min video is far better to watch and understand than a 90 min long lecture. ♥️

    • @setordzisylvia7401
      @setordzisylvia7401 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      u so right. iv spent 2days reading this topic and its hard to get it. but this..... omg

    • @redheadredemption3
      @redheadredemption3 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Yes it is!!❤

  • @madeline2282
    @madeline2282 5 ปีที่แล้ว +406

    i owe you all of my tuition money
    honest to god bless you for making these videos. i can't take notes while teachers talk, the ability to stop and start the video and the simple way you break things down is so effective for me and so many other students. thank you for making these, i hope in some way you're well compensated for what an amazing job you do and how valuable these videos are!

    • @alycita22
      @alycita22 3 ปีที่แล้ว +6

      totally agree :)

    • @joyganguly6834
      @joyganguly6834 2 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      Totally agree 😌

  • @kertisadassivam2272
    @kertisadassivam2272 6 ปีที่แล้ว +339

    I’m in an AP biology class and this clarified things SO much!!

    • @kayleighsweetser851
      @kayleighsweetser851 5 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      good 4 u....

    • @redheadredemption3
      @redheadredemption3 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Right!! I love the Amoeba Sisters!!!❤❤❤ Bless you both for your contributions to science and burnt out students everywhere.

  • @kyleat17
    @kyleat17 2 ปีที่แล้ว +24

    Absolutely amazing - much better than the lectures / material from my uni... =)

    • @AmoebaSisters
      @AmoebaSisters  2 ปีที่แล้ว +8

      Thank you so much for the tip!!! ≧◡≦

  • @indigodeluxe
    @indigodeluxe 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2102

    Who has their AP Bio exam coming up and is binging these like their lives depend on it? 🙋🏻‍♂️

    • @Sillybleh100
      @Sillybleh100 5 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      jiangshi judd life we have watch these in our classroom

    • @racheltew6998
      @racheltew6998 5 ปีที่แล้ว +51

      honestly. i’m regretting taking AP Bio as a freshman 😂

    • @roylee1971
      @roylee1971 5 ปีที่แล้ว +13

      Rachel - bruh literally no one asked

    • @amine2432
      @amine2432 5 ปีที่แล้ว +34

      @@racheltew6998 why would you take AP Bio as a freshman? That is honestly too much lol

    • @josselynjaimes8710
      @josselynjaimes8710 5 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      ​@@racheltew6998 nil I should've not taken it my last year... i have a ll As in my other classes except for this AP class... i just wanted my senior year yo be easy. I HATE MY COUNSELOR FOR GIVING ME THIS CLASS.

  • @brewLux
    @brewLux 4 ปีที่แล้ว +23

    I just wanna say, I owe you my life. This is honest, clear and helpful work. We really need more people like you. Thanks for everything!

  • @sumayyahsiraj6594
    @sumayyahsiraj6594 2 ปีที่แล้ว +22

    😭😭😭You guys made this so fun . Words can't express how grateful I am . God bless you

  • @vaishnaviagarwal1446
    @vaishnaviagarwal1446 4 ปีที่แล้ว +81

    SERIOUSLY!? THIS IS HANDS DOWN "THE" BEST ANIMATED CHANNEL FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSE. I LOVEDDDDD IT AND I CAN'T SAY NO MORE .I RARELY COMMENT ON TH-cam BUT THESE CHARACTERS WERE SOOOOOOOO CUUUUTE I COULDN'T HELP DROPPING A COMMENT HERE. THANK YOU SOOOO SOOOO MUCH FOR COMING UP WITH CREATIVE IDEAS SUCH AS THESE. AND I REQUEST YOU TO COVER MORE AND MORE TOPICS OF NOT JUST HIGH SCHOOL BIOLOGY BUT COLLEGE LEVEL AS WELL. LOVE U GUYS

  • @joyceabenoja190
    @joyceabenoja190 4 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    im sure im not the only one whos here for an AP exam. this channel is indeed a life-saver 🥰

  • @didipena1573
    @didipena1573 5 ปีที่แล้ว +28

    I love how you guys not only focus on cell signaling but also link it to other topics in biology

  • @amyung9451
    @amyung9451 2 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    bless your soul, these animations are making cell bio so much better
    I am living for these cartoons

  • @firepheonix1584
    @firepheonix1584 6 ปีที่แล้ว +132

    I remember watching ur vids for my biology test a few years ago and now i see ur vids are looking better keep up the good work big fan of you :)

  • @yoongi4lifeu219
    @yoongi4lifeu219 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    channels like these always save my life seriously

  • @roboticdreamer
    @roboticdreamer 3 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    If I wasn't already subscribed to you for explaining science concepts in a fun and interesting way, I would have for you referencing my favourite childhood game.

  • @jodieburnside2868
    @jodieburnside2868 5 ปีที่แล้ว +191

    These videos are really saving my medical degree 😂

  • @as.829
    @as.829 6 ปีที่แล้ว +32

    Your new intro is so nice! You’ve both come so far with this channel since the beginning

  • @jennameyer594
    @jennameyer594 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    AP exam in approximately 9 hours time to binge watch this channel!

  • @richashah6707
    @richashah6707 4 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    OMG, I can't thank you enough. My teacher is really bad at explaining things, or maybe its just me... but whatever that is, your videos are fantastic and helps me study through my exams and take note. All of your videos helped me in my AP Bio class. Your videos are easier to understand for me and most of the people out there. THANK YOU SO MUCH.

  • @thecoldzero911
    @thecoldzero911 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I'm a 25 years old graduate student and a TA. I gotta admit, keeping it simple is the key to success, like this video.

  • @gowriv5279
    @gowriv5279 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    This video made me understand cell signaling so much better than all the busy work my teacher gives us. She doesn't even lecture. She just gives us worksheets to do about cell signaling and expects us to understand 😭

  • @josetrujillo738
    @josetrujillo738 2 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Your cartoons are adorable; and of course your narration and information are superb! Very clearly well spoken and explained! The young lady speaking has a Very desirable voice to listen to. Great channel!

  • @Sillybleh100
    @Sillybleh100 5 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Cha cha real smooth
    Just gonna say my teacher plays your videos for our science class
    Your videos are fun to watch btw

  • @redheadredemption3
    @redheadredemption3 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I love the Amoeba Sisters!!!❤❤❤ Bless you both for your contributions to science and burnt out students everywhere.

  • @Pet-friends6379
    @Pet-friends6379 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    you have been saving my life for a long time in the exams. Thank you very much.

  • @rafsan2983
    @rafsan2983 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    She summarized my whole chapter in 9 minutes and explained it better than the textbook😂

  • @archishamarya
    @archishamarya 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    thank you so much.. i just entered med school and your videos are helping me even now!

  • @sinarussom5399
    @sinarussom5399 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Omg it’s 4 am and I’m binge watching here. I can’t stop watching her videos she’s so good🤯🤯😍😍😍thank youuuu🤍🤍🤍🤍

  • @HumbleMe1day
    @HumbleMe1day 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Is good to be back in this channel, since 2018-2019 when I graduated from continuation school with a high school diploma.👍

  • @kateforday1618
    @kateforday1618 5 ปีที่แล้ว +53

    I literally DIED at the change comes from within part.

  • @shahdbeshta2532
    @shahdbeshta2532 3 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    I'm a 1st year nursing student and these 9 minutes clarified 2 hours lecture . I literally wasted 4 days on one lecture whose professor didn't even read not explain any thing comparing with this video
    THANK YOU 💕🌏🪐✨️✨️

  • @kristhianortiz151
    @kristhianortiz151 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I'm a 3rd year computer science major and have to take intro to biology as general requirement and you make this so much easier 🙏🙏🙏 thank you so much!!

  • @mollybard
    @mollybard 2 ปีที่แล้ว +10

    you guys have taught me more than my actual biology class

  • @iLikestolaugh
    @iLikestolaugh 6 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    I could watch these for hours. LOVE them!

  • @katesearly
    @katesearly 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    THANK YOU! I just started grad school after being out of school for almost 10 years and this is so helpful! Keep up the good work

  • @couponingwithchristy
    @couponingwithchristy ปีที่แล้ว

    I'm about to start pharmacy school and I am scraping by with cell bio. This video helped more than a 80 minute lecture thats half jargon.

  • @kevinmoore2501
    @kevinmoore2501 4 ปีที่แล้ว +9

    I love this channel. I’m really into medicine, and the medical branch for personal reasons, and your channel definitely informs me about everything that I’d like to know about this subject. Liked, and subbed.

  • @anacedeno2104
    @anacedeno2104 6 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    I loooove your videos! They help me concentrate because I’m a very visual person and cannot understand content otherwise. 🧫🧬💕

  • @thevalinskis5154
    @thevalinskis5154 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thanks!

    • @AmoebaSisters
      @AmoebaSisters  ปีที่แล้ว

      Thank you so much!! We greatly appreciate your support.

  • @natehemmer4647
    @natehemmer4647 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    watching all these vids to prepare for my bio exam tomorrow, so far its been very helpful

  • @nighthawk72j80
    @nighthawk72j80 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    You are a godsend. I have a few advanced classes, including AP biology. These videos are helping me a whole lot. Thank you very much!

  • @kimward3919
    @kimward3919 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    as a old surgeon occasionally reading molecular research, this was a lovely synopsis of concept
    thank you

  • @moxie3907
    @moxie3907 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Your voice makes me not hate learning, like any professor ever.

  • @QAWAZAKI
    @QAWAZAKI 3 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    Incredibly explained!
    Big thanks for your efforts ♥︎

  • @kinjagang6356
    @kinjagang6356 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    To be honest, I find this video and all your other videos are so much easier to understand compared to other youtubers! I couldn't stop laughing about how the T helper cell was like "requesting backup in the blood stream, over." lmfao. This will definitely help me pass my exams I reckon.

  • @sanahita9678
    @sanahita9678 6 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    This video was so adorable and well-put together, I was able to understand some of the basics! Keep it up! My cell-cell communication quiz is tomorrow~!

  • @sikandarkarim6251
    @sikandarkarim6251 6 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    You make AP bio fun and interesting with amazing and simple illustrations and explanations. Thanks!

  • @jinryu8858
    @jinryu8858 4 ปีที่แล้ว +149

    who else is cramming for the 2020 quarantine AP Bio exam? cause i surely am i sleep none

    • @Shubham.Katyal
      @Shubham.Katyal 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Me lol it starts in 2 hours

    • @brandonboyd3075
      @brandonboyd3075 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      girl im watching 2 hours before the exam AHAHAH

    • @karrarpoet5775
      @karrarpoet5775 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      Brandon Grayson well me too

    • @mnawarmnawar4398
      @mnawarmnawar4398 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@brandonboyd3075 really 😳

  • @ameira172
    @ameira172 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    1. it's not called telephone it's called chinese whispers where i'm from.
    2. these videos are the best and help me survive my advanced biology

  • @curtpiazza1688
    @curtpiazza1688 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    You two are such a godsend! You make an intimidating subject so enjoyable!

  • @vilaresrj2
    @vilaresrj2 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hey i´m victor from brazil (rio de janeiro) and i loved your videos, i´m student of pharmacy tomorrow i will have a exam of Biocell and your channel is helping alot ... thank you.

  • @ninarooney8001
    @ninarooney8001 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    these videos are great for a refresher course for anyone looking to return to education for a science course after a short or long term break. They're great and i actually wish they would have been around when I was in high school I think they would have been helpful

  • @momofish7060
    @momofish7060 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    I love it!! It's so funny, and informative! I use your videos whenever I have a Science Test. I love these videos

  • @finbix1790
    @finbix1790 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Could you make more longer videos of these thank you it really helps.

  • @jhl8687
    @jhl8687 ปีที่แล้ว

    OMG the vedioe is soo short but I can understand very well!!! Thank you Amoeba sisters for your effort!!!!!

  • @phiagracefashion
    @phiagracefashion 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    the cute animations honestly make this so much easier to understand

  • @pivenhughes7203
    @pivenhughes7203 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Great video with good audio and pictures for easy learning!!!!

  • @lovepinkieshyflutterpie
    @lovepinkieshyflutterpie 6 ปีที่แล้ว +72

    I like your new intro!!! SOOO CUTE and NEW!!!😍🤩😍🤩😍🤩

  • @ship_in_a_bottle
    @ship_in_a_bottle 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    I'm using your biology learning playlist to help me understand biology because I am doing science bowl and I SWEAR TO GOD I know NOTHING! Thank you so much for the amazing work you do! It really helps me understand big words and fit in more at science bowl. Also, I discovered you from Webtoons so besides stealing my sleep, Webtoons introduced me to you!
    Lol sry completely random

  • @Skylight12_1
    @Skylight12_1 3 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    "Change comes from within" okay am never forgetting that one😂

  • @garymcleod9170
    @garymcleod9170 ปีที่แล้ว

    Love the personality given to the various parts of the cell.

  • @ysselbelesert
    @ysselbelesert ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I have an exam in Cell and Molecular Biology tomorrow. Wish me luck!

  • @nivedithav7620
    @nivedithav7620 ปีที่แล้ว

    I also love the way of you saying "what is the importance?"

  • @NerdySquirrely123
    @NerdySquirrely123 6 ปีที่แล้ว +35

    ap bio test tomorrow, love the way your videos explain! thanks!

    • @giannalinares6801
      @giannalinares6801 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Veronica Jakubikova SAME!!

    • @mariachiog4164
      @mariachiog4164 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Got a test tomorrow too 😂

    • @ayamebluebell8814
      @ayamebluebell8814 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Veronica Jakubikova Wow our AP class is barely started on this chapter right now

    • @finbix1790
      @finbix1790 ปีที่แล้ว

      Got a test tommorow too 😂

  • @kimnguu133
    @kimnguu133 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    This video helps me a lot in my bio class. Thank you!

  • @greadonsspace2661
    @greadonsspace2661 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I liked this video. I liked the part when you taught me the different ways the cells communicate from close and far distances. Thank you!

  • @lakshmimohan183
    @lakshmimohan183 6 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Honestly bless this channel, I thought it wouldn't be in-depth at first, but wow this is really good!!!!! Thank you so much!

  • @adriannacervantes5707
    @adriannacervantes5707 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    This topic is really hard to understand in-depth. It’s going to be a big part of my current course and the next semester. Please add it to your list of extended ideas. Thank you for your adorable videos 💕

  • @OnlyNo1Videos
    @OnlyNo1Videos 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    This channel is a great learning point

  • @nivedithav7620
    @nivedithav7620 ปีที่แล้ว

    I am really happy for understanding cell signalling ; LOVE IT.

  • @nguyengiang884
    @nguyengiang884 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    gosh, this video is so amazing, i mean not only the useful knowledge but also the ANIMATION, it's fu**ing cute :>>.

  • @muhammadibrahim2788
    @muhammadibrahim2788 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    3:26!!!!! You have no idea how true that is. Really helpful videos though!!!

  • @matthewwilliams7042
    @matthewwilliams7042 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Learned more about basic cell signalingin 8 minutes than what hours of reading a biology textbook could teach me.

  • @mr.wrangler3753
    @mr.wrangler3753 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    If only im passing this class is because of you

  • @josevillegas9029
    @josevillegas9029 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    A big thanks to you🙏🏾got a bio exam on this topic and This has helped so much by simplifying and breaking down the basics! Cheers!

  • @janineapb
    @janineapb 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you as always Amoeba sisters!!! All your Videos are so cute and informative at the same time, such clear explanations ❤️❤️❤️❤️

  • @rajnarendrasinh6071
    @rajnarendrasinh6071 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you so much amoeba sisters great animation

  • @aura7288
    @aura7288 4 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Learning is fun with ameoba sisters😎

  • @milkman5829
    @milkman5829 2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    nice video helped me visualize the process a bit better

  • @rosaturcios14
    @rosaturcios14 6 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    LOVE THIS!!! Helping me so much with BIO 103

  • @Fortheloveofglen
    @Fortheloveofglen 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Hello from the other tissue took me out😂😂 I adore these videos

  • @rubina4578
    @rubina4578 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    OMG why these animations are soooo cute😭❤❤❤

  • @izzyb4724
    @izzyb4724 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    i love yall, especially during quarantine, could you do a corona video?? i think it would make everybody less scared if they were informed

  • @MGabrielleM
    @MGabrielleM 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hi, I'm from Brazil and I just love your videos! Totally binging!!!

  • @snoobro
    @snoobro 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    So helpful! I have an AP bio quiz tomorrow that's bases soley on this. Ahhhhh I've been working on AP bio all weekend now!

  • @EveryCellAUniverse
    @EveryCellAUniverse 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    The signal got through with this video loud and clear!

  • @tiziana5471
    @tiziana5471 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I'm in college using these for my exam and I'm not ashamed tbh

  • @levijeantacay7678
    @levijeantacay7678 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    I need to understand it more. It gives me an idea on how does it work
    Love it!

  • @jenroberts7267
    @jenroberts7267 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Awesome. Although a bit below what I'm learning right now, hilarious and informative! I love the cute/funny drawings. The "fancy" ligand made me laugh so hard.

  • @melikesgames5452
    @melikesgames5452 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    How do you not have more views and subscribers>!? Excellent video!

  • @mlauntube
    @mlauntube 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    So amazing how much plan and organization, how complex the schema is compacted into one sperm and ovum. And we don't even know the whole of it yet. Biochemistry is the most exciting science of our day in my opinion. If you compare just what we saw in this video to the equivalent in business systems or government systems, biology dwarfs them by far!

  • @sanskrutibhosale8706
    @sanskrutibhosale8706 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Do a video of your suggestions to look on google. So helpful it will be.

  • @MSKChess
    @MSKChess 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    wow it blew my mind, so many kinds of receptors, its just 2 awesome

  • @babyhub5642
    @babyhub5642 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Really love your videos🥺...very helpful to understand biology

  • @qtmano25
    @qtmano25 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    i love evrything about ur channel its so cool and fun and intersting too, i am really loving bio and its all thanks to you :D

  • @animespace5590
    @animespace5590 6 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Your videos are amazing!
    Keep up the great work!

  • @katrinacampbell2962
    @katrinacampbell2962 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    This is brilliant! Made a tricky topic really easy to understand! Thank you!

  • @FidgetBoss4000
    @FidgetBoss4000 6 ปีที่แล้ว +9

    There’s a 0.0000000001% chance that AmoebaSisters will actually heart and pin this comment. If I’m that lucky...

    • @boi1324
      @boi1324 6 ปีที่แล้ว

      Lol

  • @熊鞋子
    @熊鞋子 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    I Love your videos, they are both educational and easy to catch on, and the animations are genuinely cute and funny.

  • @annabellejemutai7907
    @annabellejemutai7907 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you. You are honestly a life saver.