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Engineering Simple
United States
เข้าร่วมเมื่อ 7 ก.ค. 2019
Circuit Analysis | Supermesh KCL & KVL
Circuit Analysis | Supermesh KCL & KVL
This video shows how to perform circuit analysis when you have supermeshes, using KVL and KCL. Supermeshes involves current sources, which makes it difficult to use KVL around the meshes. This video shows how to handle situations with supermeshes.
This video shows how to perform circuit analysis when you have supermeshes, using KVL and KCL. Supermeshes involves current sources, which makes it difficult to use KVL around the meshes. This video shows how to handle situations with supermeshes.
มุมมอง: 153
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Circuit Analysis | Supernode KCL & KVL
มุมมอง 16211 หลายเดือนก่อน
Circuit Analysis | Supernode KCL & KVL This video shows how to perform circuit analysis when you have supernodes, using KVL and KCL. These are nodes that are not connected to the reference node, but rather these nodes are connected to one another through a voltage source. This video shows how to handle situations with supernodes.
Circuit Analysis | Node Voltage Example KCL
มุมมอง 5111 หลายเดือนก่อน
Circuit Analysis | Node Voltage Example KCL This video shows how to perform circuit analysis with a node voltage, using KCL. Having current sources in a circuit can cause confusion. This video shows step by step how to handle such a situation.
Circuit Analysis | Node Voltage Example KVL
มุมมอง 5511 หลายเดือนก่อน
Circuit Analysis | Node Voltage Example KVL This video shows how to perform circuit analysis with a node voltage, using KVL. Having voltage sources in a circuit can cause confusion. This video shows step by step how to handle such a situation.
Circuit Analysis | Voltage Divider Example
มุมมอง 3.8K11 หลายเดือนก่อน
Circuit Analysis | Voltage Divider Example This video shows how to perform a basic circuit analysis for voltage divider. It shows step by step.
How to Measure Transformer Turns Ratio When the Neutral is Inaccessible
มุมมอง 19911 หลายเดือนก่อน
How to Measure Transformer Turns Ratio When the Neutral is Inaccessible This video shows how to measure the transformer turns ratio when you have a wye configuration with an inaccessible neutral. That is, the phase voltage cannot be measured on the wye side. This video shows the connection as well as measurements.
Transformer Polarity | Subtractive vs Additive
มุมมอง 1.4K11 หลายเดือนก่อน
Transformer Polarity | Subtractive vs Additive Transformer Polarity entails subtractive or additive. Polarity applies to single phase transformers. By IEEE, transformers rated 200kVA and below and winding voltage of 8660 volts and below shall have additive polarity. Polarity is typically shown with a dot mark. Polarity provides information on the direction the coils were wound and how the termi...
Three Winding Transformers | Winding Impedances | T-Model
มุมมอง 1.4K11 หลายเดือนก่อน
Three Winding Transformers | Winding Impedances | T-Model This video shows how to calculate the winding self-impedances from leakage impedances for three winding transformers. One important note is that the resistance is not the winding DC resistance. This resistance is the AC resistance due to I^2R and stray losses caused by leakage flux. This video also shows how testing is performed to obtai...
"Why Are Transformers Rated in VA, kVA or MVA Instead of Watts?"
มุมมอง 45511 หลายเดือนก่อน
"Why Are Transformers Rated in VA, kVA or MVA Instead of Watts?" Transformers are rated in VA, kVA or MVA rather than watts like motors or generators. Transformer output power is its input power minus losses incurred during transformer operation. Losses encompass core losses and load losses. Core losses depend on applied voltage while load losses depend on applied current. VA, kVA or MVA includ...
Measuring Winding DC Resistance
มุมมอง 9111 หลายเดือนก่อน
Why should you wait until current reaches steady state to measure winding DC resistance? Winding DC resistance is an important measurement. This resistance can be used as a quality check as well as used for calculating I^2R losses. This resistance is also used for calculating average winding rise during temperature rise test. It takes a few minutes for current to reach steady state due to the L...
Tap Changers Overview
มุมมอง 24011 หลายเดือนก่อน
Tap Changers Overview | Some Considerations of Location of LTC There are two different tap changes that can be used to change transformer voltage. These are de-energized tap changers (DETC) and load tap changers (LTC). Transformers must be de-energized first before operating the DETC. LTCs can change the taps while the transformer is online without interrupting load. There are cases where the t...
Voltage Rise | Ferranti Effect and Mitigation
มุมมอง 33511 หลายเดือนก่อน
Voltage Rise | Ferranti Effect and Mitigation There are cases where the receiving end voltage of a transmission line rises above the sending end. Typically, voltage decreases as you go away from the sending end due to voltage drop across resistances and reactances. Light load conditions can lead to voltage rise at the receiving end. The voltage rise is sometimes referred to as Ferranti Effect. ...
Steady State Power Flow | Gauss Seidel Method with Numerical Example
มุมมอง 14311 หลายเดือนก่อน
Steady State Power Flow | Gauss Seidel Method with Numerical Example This video provides overview of Gauss Seidel method in solving power flow equations. This video also provides a numerical example, displaying steps of Gauss Seidel and solving for unknown quantities of a 3-bus system.
Steady State Power or Load Flow
มุมมอง 29311 หลายเดือนก่อน
Steady State Power or Load Flow | Important Basic Concepts such as Constant Power Load flow is a critical simulation in modern power systems. The load flow computes the voltage and angles at all buses. Real and reactive power are also calculated as a byproduct of this simulation. Losses are computed for each line and transformer as well. A system model has to have at least one swing bus which i...
Power Computations
มุมมอง 108ปีที่แล้ว
Power Computations | How to compute power factor and power and impedance when you have harmonics This video shows how to calculate power, impedance, and power factor when in non-linear systems. When signals are periodic and orthogonal, there is no need to use complicated integration to compute RMS values. This video goes through examples of these calculations. This video also shows how to handl...
Importance of Transformer Core Ground | One Ground Point
มุมมอง 771ปีที่แล้ว
Importance of Transformer Core Ground | One Ground Point
Stabilizing (Buried Delta Tertiary) Winding | Winding Resistance Test
มุมมอง 415ปีที่แล้ว
Stabilizing (Buried Delta Tertiary) Winding | Winding Resistance Test
Transformer Insulation Power Factor | Part 2
มุมมอง 204ปีที่แล้ว
Transformer Insulation Power Factor | Part 2
Transformer Insulation Power Factor | Part 1
มุมมอง 220ปีที่แล้ว
Transformer Insulation Power Factor | Part 1
Distributed Energy Resources | Voltage Regulation Control Modes
มุมมอง 50ปีที่แล้ว
Distributed Energy Resources | Voltage Regulation Control Modes
Stabilizing (Tertiary) Winding Insulation Resistance Test
มุมมอง 3Kปีที่แล้ว
Stabilizing (Tertiary) Winding Insulation Resistance Test
Distributed Energy Resources | Design Concerns
มุมมอง 1.1Kปีที่แล้ว
Distributed Energy Resources | Design Concerns
Distributed Energy Resources | UL 1741 Certification for DER
มุมมอง 703ปีที่แล้ว
Distributed Energy Resources | UL 1741 Certification for DER
Distributed Energy Resources | DER vs IBR | Applicable IEEE Standards
มุมมอง 498ปีที่แล้ว
Distributed Energy Resources | DER vs IBR | Applicable IEEE Standards
Distributed Energy Resouces | Non Wire Alternative
มุมมอง 582ปีที่แล้ว
Distributed Energy Resouces | Non Wire Alternative
Distributed Energy Resources | Basic Definition
มุมมอง 3.2Kปีที่แล้ว
Distributed Energy Resources | Basic Definition
Transformer Insulation Power Factor | Part 2
มุมมอง 547ปีที่แล้ว
Transformer Insulation Power Factor | Part 2
Transformer Insulation Power Factor | Part 1
มุมมอง 1.7Kปีที่แล้ว
Transformer Insulation Power Factor | Part 1
Wonderful Video
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what is the total % z if parallel?
HOW DID YOU MARK THE CURRENT DIRECTIONS.?
The choice of current direction is arbitrary. The main thing is to keep the polarity of voltages or direction of current sources in mind while writing KVL and KCL equations. For instance, I chose current flowing from node 2 towards node 0, which is opposite from source with 14 amps so I20=-14 amps. I20 is current flowing from node 2 to node 0. If I chose current as flowing from node 0 into node 2, then I02=+14 amps. I02 is current flowing from node 0 to node 2. Hope this helps.
Thank you! Very useful and good explained/delivered information!
Thank you. I am glad it was helpful.
very clear thanks
Thank you.
Thank you for explaining this so simply and easily! I feel like it is finally starting to "click" for me, thank you!
Thank you.
I have watched your series on paralleling transformers and very good explanation . Would you consider doing a video of paralleling transformers with different incoming (e.g., one being 138kV primary and one being 34.5kV primary and both being 13.8kV secondary). Same impedance with different ratios NLTC?
Thank you for the question. One of the conditions for paralleling transformers is to have the same voltage. Any mismatch will lead to circulating currents. Also if two different voltages are connected together, it will exceed insulation withstand of the lowest voltage. Hope this helps.
You forgot harmonics
In the intro, Are you in an airport runway? Lol
Why the loud music at the begining.. unnecessary =(
❤good explanation
What is the vector group of the transformer you used
Typically grounded wye-grounded wye (YNyn0).
@@engineeringsimple Thank you, what causes measured equivalent losses to be less than total i2r losses, thus making stray losses negative
How did you get XL instead of XC? Is it a TYPO?
Thank you for your comment. That is a typo. It should be Xc since the topic is on capacitive load. Thank you again for pointing it out.
Thanks for sharing your wreath of knowledge with others
Thank you.
This is a good video, I hope you get more viewers
Thank you. I appreciate it.
Hello Sir, Really informative and very accurate. Can you please give me the book full name
Transformer Engineering A Treatise on the Theory, Operation, and Application of Transformers
Transformer Engineering A Treatise on the Theory, Operation, and Application of Transformers
Subramani
L-L faults do not result in I0 flow, do they?
Thank you for your question. Zero sequence current (I0) only occurs when ground is involved: L-G, L-L-G and unbalanced loading if the neutral is grounded. Thanks.
Thanks for excellent video, just wonder how is the zero sequence impedance of the high side also included in this impedance, for me it looks like only the low side zero sequence impedance is included?
I am thinking that the delta winding has circulating zero sequence currents that must contribute to voltage drop and thereby impedance
Thank you for the question. Given this is a delta high side, delta is modeled as open circuit in T-model since it does not have any return through the ground which is where zero sequence flows. Only zero sequence current (I0) is trapped/circulated inside delta. I0 does not leave the delta. It circulates inside the delta since it is a closed loop. Hope this helps.
Why we applied 125.21 volt and 6.05 amps. How these values are calculated
Correct me if I'm wrong, but it seems like in both resistor and reactor grounding options, it is impossible to maintain an effective grounding system. What would be your suggestion to obtain an effective grounding?
Hello, in your Z0eq equation, where does the 1.02 come from?
I just noticed this question is answered in Sizing Neutral Grounding Reactor or Resistor and Effective Grounding - Part 05. cheers.
A
Just wanted to give a thumbs up and a comment for making this video and sharing your knowledge
Thank you. I appreciate it.
Nice Tutorial! Any chance I can have your excel spreadsheet template for time management (track your progress)?
Thank you. Yes, I will be happy to share it with you. Please send me an email and I will attach it. Thanks.
A video to calculate a grounding transformer sizing for a DER system would be awsome. The transformer must allow an effectively earthed network and all other IEEE standards.
Thank you for the suggestion. I will work on one. I appreciate it.
Thank you
You are welcome.
Hlo sir how are you 😊😊
Sahi Kaha Tani
Thank you, i found the pattern but i didn't know the theory behind it. 3 phase ttr read the larger ratio , i have to divide by 1.5
Hi, great video! When calculating reactance, to get 0.5464ohms, the 9.49% has to be divided by 100% to get pu so that the Zbase can be used. With the resistance, this wasn't done, leaving 100.6ohms instead of 1.006ohms. Is that correct?
Thank you. You are correct. The percent value should have been divided by 100 when calculating ohms. Instead of 100.6 ohms, it should be 1.006 ohms. Thank you for the catch.
I love you can I give hug
What if the Z is in pu, does it make a difference?
If you normalize all values (R, Xc), it should not matter. The same ohms base would be used.
Thank you for the informative session. I have a question. It was advised that zero sequence impedance for 3 phase, 3 leg core is 85-90% of positive sequence impedance. I am wondering about the basis for this thumb rule. Is it possible for you to share any literature titles where I can read this part in detail? Request your response.
If I remember correctly, I have seen mention of it in IEEE C57 series standards as well as Black Burn text book for protective relaying amongst other references. Personally, I have reviewed many test reports and compared positive and zero sequence impedance values. The ratio of the two always was within 85-90%. The percentage is based on test data.
@@engineeringsimple thank you very much. will refer black burn and IEEE C57.XX for the details.
Thank you, sir!
You are welcome.
bussing can you explain this in sequence? explain Bus 1, then explain how and why it relates to bus 2, and then bus 3, and how it makes a ring bus. Then worry about explaining the individual buses
You provide a great detail sir, very useful.
Thank you.
At the 8:30 mark you sketch out the SLG fault equivalent circuit. Where do you get the "T-Model" value of 48.49% and the 10.26%?
The T-model values would be supplied by the transformer manufacturer either design or tested values.
@@engineeringsimpleThanks for your response. That is what I was assuming, but wanted to make sure since I hadn't heard those terms before.
Super useful, THANK YOU !!
You are welcome.
Great, many thanks !
You are welcome!
Great explanation!
Thank you. I appreciate it.
Would like to mention that when power factor is lagging, it is referring to the current yes? Then in your example could you conclude that is it an inductive system?
Many thanks for putting together this video series I was struggling to understand how the applied voltage test would be performed on a Grdy x Grdy transformer, until I saw your diagrams showing the HO getting shorted along with the primary.
You are welcome. I am glad the video was helpful.
Pm be multiplied with the bracket, probably
May you upload the calculation sheet?
Why do we want to limit the ground fault to 6000amps? where is that number came from?
I just picked 6000A to show how to limit the fault current. In real applications, the breaker capability will determine what to limit the current to. If you have multiple breakers at a substation, it may cost more to purchase them with the available fault current. Instead I t may be cost effective to use a neutral grounding reactor or resistor to limit current to a certain level.
At 9:05, how did you choose S base 2 and V base 2? Are these arbitrary numbers that you used for your calculations?
Thank you for the question. Yes, I chose them arbitrarily to show how to calculate different quantities (current, impedance..) at different bases.