Ruby laser (and other projects) follow-up
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 28 พ.ค. 2024
- The 8KJ ruby laser in action! Also, see some other Applied Science projects and what is coming next.
NightHawkInLight on youtube: / nighthawkinlight
Ben on Embedded.fm: embedded.fm/episodes/119
Ruby Laser design process: • Ruby laser design process
Cookie Perfection machine: • Cookie Perfection Machine
DIY SEM: • DIY Scanning Electron ...
Support Applied Science on Patreon: / appliedscience - วิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี
The only channel that starts with the results and shows and tells how it turned out. So you stick around out of respect and awe. Not even channels we love like tech ingredients so anything now other than disgusting clickbait titles and cliffhangers, not even practical engineering is immune from it. This is truly a unique channel
Instructions Clear enough. Successfully build high pressure ruby cookie. Thank you
That's high pressure ruby ELECTRON cookie. Vacuum. Bai.
You're videos give me a feel for what it might have been like to know Galileo or DaVinci, etc. Your videos are a glimps through a window displaying what their early workshops might look like if they lived today. You sir are destined for greatness.
I look forward to more and I'm super stoked about the pressure chamber projects!
This video just went from a deathray to a cookie machine :-D
Cool, brings back memories! I had the same problem when as a student I reconstructed a ruby laser a long while ago (to make giant holograms of all things). The whole trick was to get the light and cooling reach very close to the ruby end facet, so you get no absorption damage (Ruby is a 3 level system if I recall correctly, so where it's not optically pumped it it will absorb, and you'll get thermal damage to the facet). An old mechanic from the optics lab, who had made the original laser in the 1960's, re-made a very thin plate end holder and used Indium foil as the seal. Has the advantage of being a good heat conductor and light reflector right where it matters, in addition to a very durable seal.
didnt expect to see YOU here!
The high pressure chamber looks like fun.
As soon as the vid started and I saw that cap bank, I knew things were going to get interesting.
Just as I was wondering how you align the mirrors you gave us the answer - Fascinating and of course, brilliant!
Oh hey look who it is, love your videos fran
I love the face that you're not focussed on any one particular part/flavour of engineering!
It's all up for grabs - it's all there to be learned... Interested in something? Turn 90 degrees & head off in a tangent. :D
I love how casually he mentions his homemade laser will produce four megawatts of power. Gotta love this channel.
1:29 "ruby rod"
I can't be the only person who thought of Fifth Element when he said that...
+inademv Damn, I was just about to comment the same thing. Ruby Rhod is awesome!
+inademv I don't want one position, I want all positions!
+inademv You'r not alone.
+inademv that was just SUPER GREEN!
+inademv I think you have missed a period.
I love how you're videos give a taste right away. Obviously a very good strategy for making TH-cam vids knowing almost everyone who clicks will continue on and watch in entirety.
"I've always wanted to create like a 100,000 PSI environment" hooollyyyssshheeeeiitt That's gonna be hella scary and awesome at the same time. If someone can do it safely I'd expect Ben can!
EXACTLY my reaction. "That's going to be awesome! Like actually awesome, not just cool like people usually mean when they say 'awesome'. Also incredibly dangerous. I'm glad it's being done by someone this thorough."
Roborovski safety? where we're going we don't need, safety.
or roads ;)
Hey, I'll go out and build a 3D printer, it'll be so cool!
_"This is my home-built scanning electron microscope"_
...
Everybody get down. ☝️ Einstein's got an electron gun.
jeff meares Someone should actually do that, aim it at a phosphor-coated wall.
Yeah that kinda caught me off guard when he said that...
Awesome :) I've been waiting to see how the ruby laser would turn out.
I'm looking forward to seeing the ultra high pressure experiments. :)
You Do the best science projects....zero boring subjects
Absolutely impressive!!! Congratulations and thanks for sharing it.
Really neat seeing the wood block recoil from the "impact" of the laser pulse.
I was wondering if the fast discharge has any impact on the life span of the capacitor bank?
+John Heisz If I had to guess, and without being an expert or anything, I would guess that these would be pulse rated film capacitors. This essentially means that the film inside is connected all the way down, as opposed to being connected to one end of the spiral, if that makes sense. This eliminates much of the impedance inherent to normal caps, meaning they can take being discharged very quickly. If such a bank was given generous tolerances, one could imagine it having a very long lifespan. If you're interested, however, in such high power discharges, look up coin shrinkers. There's one around which managed to blow up the caps they used in a few shots, prompting an even beefier setup to be used.
+John Heisz I pulled these capacitors from a bunch of pro photo flash units, so they were intended for quick discharge. However, I've wired them up in a long series chain without balancing resistors, so they are being stressed more than they were originally, for sure. My biggest fear is that one particular capacitor fails in a dead short, and then has all 8KJ of energy directed into it by the rest of the bank. It would be one heck of a bang!
Pretty sure he said it has nothing to do with the impact of the laser pulse. Has to do with the rapid discharge of gases escaping from the blast of light cooking the wood.
5:15 "Yes, I'm looking to get my rod serviced"
Just listened to the podcast you were on Ben. Great stuff. Keep up the good work. Love the channel!
Thanks for sharing your ruby laser project. It reminds me of a similar project I attempted to undertake when I was in the 8th grade, believe it or not - way back in 1965. Bob Brown, a very popular Mr.Wizard-kind-of-science-guy, came to our junior high school one year and gave a number of science demonstrations, two of which were of the continuous and pulsed lasers. (His demonstration of the pulsed laser included a razor blade, like yours). Since I am a science nerd, (grinding telescope mirrors, experimenting with model rockets, buying a slide rule just to see how it works, etc, all before graduating from high school), I was determined to build a pulsed laser. I contacted a gentleman in Florida who not only sold plans, but also could provide the critical parts. The laser rod and flash tube were relatively inexpensive (less than $20 each), but the one item that kept the project from becoming a reality was the Thordarson transformer, which cost around $75. That was a bit much for a 15-year old with a paper route for income, so I decided to move on to other projects. In retrospect, perhaps that decision was a blessing. Who knows what I might have vaporized a hole in. Interestingly, I still have the plans in a file cabinet in the basement.
amazing! Thank you for this showdown and explanations! I sometimes get a little nervous looking with what kind of tools and chemicals you work. Really hope you stay safe while doing all the crazy stuff, especially when you try the high pressure experiment
This video reminds of how you're one of my favourite people.
Can't wait to see your future projects
Awesome stuff Ben! Can't wait to see high pressure experiments!
What a great job you've got! Fantastic video. I've been wanting to construct a ruby laser for ages. Love your SEM, I used to work with SEMs and TEMs for years and a colleague built up a small portable SEM with a converted turbo molecular pump and I drove it around schools for demos to kids who couldn't travel to the "big smoke". I subbed!
6:22 Plaster and HEET on the shelf next to the Cookie Machine...what kind of cookies are these, again?
All kidding aside, huge kudos for the awesome Ruby Laser! You answered numerous questions and provided an experience I might otherwise never have encountered! So, THANK YOU!
could you please show the science and build of a gauss gun (railgun). Thanks for all the greatly detailed and thorough explainations of your projects. You are by far one of the more intelligent and informative video makers on youtube. Thanks again for all your hard work and inspiration.
Excellent vid and information, thanks for sharing
I've wanted to build a ruby laser since I was a kid, never got round to it so, great video :)
Your capacitor bank is impressive.
By the way, a typical high power solid state laser seals the ruby rod by placing the o-ring around the outer circumference of the rod; not a face seal. The face seal reduces the aperture of the ends of the rod and reduces the power output. Also, the face seal o-rings absorb the emitted light and degrades causing the damage to the face of the rod you are experiencing.
Take a look at this example:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_pumping
My guess is that he knew but he wanted to pump as much volume as possible of the rod. Ruby being a 3 level laser, every length of unpumped medium drops dramatically the Q factor and ruins the gain. Seems it wasn't worth it, as he now has a damaged laser rod :(
Edit; ruby is a 3 level laser not 4 as i said. everything else its still correct.
Love your great projects
your channel is so awesome!! thanks for your videos
Never a dull moment at Applied Science!
100,000 PSI? I hope that chamber is super tiny, or you're wearing a bomb suit :D
+Andy Plater Hydrostatic pressure is much safer. It simply doesn't compress. If a 10l container with 100,000 PSI of air bursts, it's a bomb.If a 10l container with 100,00 PSI of water or other uncompressible liquid bursts, it emits a streak of liquid that would cut your hand off and that's it - there's simply very small excess volume of liquid inside.
Your channel is amazing.
Great projects!
I love that cookie machine! I thought of doing the same thing in a manual way, using a spreadsheet.
I thought your ruby later is amazing. And then you pulled the single cookie dispenser out your sleeve. Dude! That put a really fat grin on my face.
can't wait to see the pressure experiments!
Can't wait for the pressure vids! BTW I am a new subscriber, sent here from NightHawkInLight
8:10 "...And the learning I got out of it was worth more than any image I could create with it."
Now that's a good quote!
Nice work!
amazing.
i was starting to get sad this video would never get done.
truly great stuff
Keep it up, Ben, you're my hero!
Great projects
have watched this a couple times over the years - about time I smash that like button and comment
looking forward to the high pressure experiments!
Great video!
I've been waiting for this video for so long !"! Nice one Ben :D.
Woah! these things that we are learning in 2019 is so da--
*Video is from 2015*
What in tarnation!!
That capacitor bank under the laser table looks Gnarly. I like it.
I love how he goes from oh here's a silly project were it automatically the resources necessary to make cookies to here's my homemade scanning electron microscope
high pressure experiments, very cool. I believe metalization of hydrogen begins to occour at ~1.4MSI, I am interested to see what you have up your sleeve next.
I love your videos sir. Yes indeed. Cheers.
I'm interested in that 100k psi science! can't wait to watch. you science so good.
Pete Lorenzo i second that. I also want see more of that 100k psi gizmo
This is a classical textbook original laser, the very first one invented! Love it.
Use the laser for cookie baking. Lasers and cookies are an instant winner combination.
if you get the ruby laser working again, you could consider adding a q switch dye to reduce the pulse width. that wouldn't increase the power, but it would increase the power considerably. maybe enough to ionise the air and create a miniature ball lightning effect.
Would love for you to do a project on molecular cracking plastics and oils into fuel.
When the He-Ne laser is reflected back to its cavity and starts to oscillate its amplitude what's happening is a phenomenon named MODE SWEEPING, not a simple interference pattern, as mentioned.
That laser is so bad ass. The cookie machine is awesome. I want a pizza machine where you put a cow in one end and other stuff and on the other side comes out a pizza
I'm always very impressed with your projects...and quite interested in the 100K PSI project/s....
2:10 understatement of the week award
I am thoroughly impressed! excellent job! My favorite brand pulsed laser is Big Sky and you should check on Ebay for one because the optical cavity, alignment and cooling are perfectly sorted out. I want to replace my YAG rod and mirrors with a ruby rod and the corresponding mirrors. I just need to hunt down the right size ruby rod.
Oh man do the cookie thing!!! That sounds awesome!
Lasers and cookies BRILLIANT
just regarding your cookie project... As a baker, one extremely critical factor in how cookies turn out is the temperature of the butter. The warmer the butter, the more the cookies spread in the oven and thus the crispier they become. So thick, chewie cookies and thin, crispy cookies can actually have exactly the same ingredients and baking procedure, but completely different outcome based on butter temperature. I'm not sure how it could be controlled, but I just wanted to note the importance of this variable.
+Kevin Colwell Thanks! My butter dispenser works at room temperature (doesn't melt the butter), but in a home kitchen, the air temperature can vary quite a bit.
I love this channel :)
I was reminded of the surface damage to the end of the ruby rod... I checked the comments for someone thinking what crossed my mind and saw the comment by William K, a couple years ago, "By the way, a typical high power solid state laser seals the ruby rod by placing the o-ring around the outer circumference of the rod; not a face seal. The face seal reduces the aperture of the ends of the rod and reduces the power output. Also, the face seal o-rings absorb the emitted light and degrades causing the damage to the face of the rod you are experiencing."Have you considered making this, or another, improvement to the cooling jacket?
Thanks for sharing your amazing projects with us. Do you do your own machining?
+intagliode Yup! I have an old Bridgeport CNC mill, and newer Grizzly manual lathe.
+Applied Science Ah yes, a clapped out old Bridgeport, a true sign of a quality TH-cam channel.
+WestcoastWheelman keep your stick on the ice.
+cencalmatt got mine in a vice
cencalmatt Blacktronics It's much better to put it somewhere nice.
real life Starwars ?this is awesom keep it up
Very nice.
One thing that puzzles me about lasers is the absorption in the mirrors. As I understand, even a perfect visible light mirror is only 91% reflective so how do you avoid the mirror being fried? how reflective are they.
Also, isn't a CO2 laser just easier? can't you do the same high intensity pulse.
The mirrors are not metallic, which only reflect 95%, as you say. Instead, the laser mirrors are made from perhaps a dozen layers of metal oxides. The layer thickness is tuned so that the whole stack is extremely reflective (99.5%) at exactly one wavelength. At any other wavelength, it looks almost clear.
+Applied Science I see. using QM for a single frequency. hmm, thought provoking. Perfections are to be found in resonances.
QM gangster. Keep their heads ringing.
+therealnightwriter hehe well most of the places where I would look that up it will say it's quite true. So what makes you think it isn't?
+therealnightwriter Come on then, I'll bite. If the prism thing is only one small provable introduction, as you put it, that implies there are others so let's have one or two. I'm always interested in provable. Let's see what you've got there.
+therealnightwriter Science is *so* much easier when you just make it up out of fairy dust and conspiracy theories, isn't it?
The Master At Work !!!
Hello Ben, the stuff you do is mindblowing. love watching your videos.
I am preparing to build myself a cnc laser engraver out of cd, dvd drives. Not much I can do with 200 mW, so I was wondering - would it be possible to use a fibre optic cable to direct the beam of a few lasers on to a lens so that I have a combined focused laser beam? Can not seem to find anything about it online, and I bet you can answer this one.
I think Mr Photon did a tear down of this exact laser it was water cooled
3:50 Watercooling on steroids 😂
Thanks for the update and sharing your cool work!
"You gotta keep your optics clean." Didn't you see "Real Genius" (1985)?
Serious projects coming up. That's more like it. Simulating the air pressure on the surface of Jupiter.
Project idea: Serial popcorn popper. Blows kernels trough a tube and individually zaps them with enough energy to instantly pop. As the popped kernels exit, each one gets sprayed with a measured amount of butter and salt before they fall into the bowl.
So depending on how long it takes to recharge the capacitors, you can set up multiple banks and cycle through them to create a high speed pulse and by the time the first bank recharges it'll just keep cycling.
Okay, now i'm convinced, you're crazy.
Very nice setup, though :)
I love how the cookie-machine leads over to the electron microscope. Like.. "What's the difference anyway?"
Very cool video and thanks for sharing! I found it interesting, but what would the practical use of a ruby laser be? Im genuinely curious.
What kind of inductor are you using for the flash tube? Could you do series triggering if you added a primary winding to the inductor? Very impressive setup!
Good day, Sir! Has it ever come to your mind that you might be a genius? I am so impressed ...
I do have to ask. With all the engineering you do in your spare time.... What's your DAY job?
+BlackEpyon I work at Google Life Sciences.
Applied Science
Is that as exciting?
well considering the base salary is $105 000, you could have fun at home with hobbies instead
are you going to make synthetic diamonds in your next experiment? if so... cool
I love how this guy goes from a liquid cooled ruby laser to an automatic cookie maker. Priorities.
Really nice work, thanks for sharing! Where did you purchase the ruby rod from? My father has a 5kW ruby rod pulse laser. Been trying to coax it away from him, but I'm probably gonna have to build my own. :-)
Is it at all possible to spray some sort of mirror making spray onto the flash tube to make it reflect very well?
Thanks for the update. So, did you ever discover the perfect cookie?
when do we see the super high pressure stuff? i am really curious what that will be
I REALLY want to make an automatic cookie machine now!
Hey Ben, do you think you could give us a little more information on how you aligned your mirrors? I have been working on a DIY laser laser also and have just found it difficult to get the mirrors parallel.
So this isn't a comment on any particular part of this video, but more of a request. you did a video on cleaners and I was wondering if you could do a follow-up or at least provide me some information via comment: I have a car that is over 20 years old with a vinyl dashboard. the vinyl appears to be breaking down in the sun and due to age, which appears to be releasing a gas that yen condensates o. the inside of my windshield and is very hard to remove. could you explain the chemical process here (or correct me if I am totally off base) and suggest a cleaner to removethe vinyl fog? thanks
+Travis Fontaine Yes, I've seen this vinyl fog, and wish that I had a good way to remove it as well. Newer cars with more modern plastics seem less affected. Some cars from the 80's need a cleaning every week in the summer! Regular ammonia glass cleaner seems to work OK with lots of paper towels. The problem with using a very aggressive solvent is that a tiny drop or smudge from the cleaning cloth with hurt the car's interior. You could try 70% isopropanol.
Applied Science thanks a lot, I will try that
Regarding the cookie-maker: How about a combination of 3D extrusion printer and a laser to cook the trail that was just extruded? That would allow for precise building of a cookie and extraordinary combinations of materials and layering that could never be done via a traditional process. And, with a sufficiently powerful diode laser, you could design a compact desktop cookie maker!
+Joseph Urban Neat idea!
Just don't use a ruby laser! :-) Imagine the textures that could be created extruding caramelized sugar and cookie dough in alternate layers. I've verified you can cook flour & water paste with a blue diode laser. Unsure of the power at the moment, but it can easily cut paper.
Eager for projects with the high pressure chamber. Would you ever consider some benzene reactions, like hydrogenation into cyclohexane? You need heat too, which might require modification of that pump, but it would be very neat to see since benzene is so stable. Pretty sure you could use a Ni metal catalyst and avoid Pt or Pd, which would be nice for cost purposes.
If I wanted to get some of those adjustable mirrors you're using on the ruby laser; what would I search for?