Correction: Was just brought to my attention thanks to The Vividens video that E.D Cope was likely around the 11 tonne range. Later studies will likely again either make Cope larger or smaller so keep your eyes on that!
I absolutely love this dinosaur. Even though I prefer speed over strength, somehow, this animal still grabbed my attention and made me love it. I have such a connection to it it's insane. Love live the Tyrant Lizard King. But could you do a case study of some of the most debateable creatures in paleontology? The Saurophaganax? But other than that, you've earned yourself a new subscriber
7:50 Personally, I don't understand why people try to postulate if Rex was hunting down full size adult members of large prey species. I think it's safe to assume that, despite Rex's full potential, survival and safety is always the best approach for a predator. Like any other apex predator species its bread and butter was probably picking off juvenile and already injured or ill adult members of the larger prey species. Not to mention Rex spent roughly 20 years to reach full adulthood so it would have spent a ton of time preying on much smaller animals and only moving up to larger ones when it became too big and tanky to effectively hunt the small nimble prey it grew up on.
It's almost a given that a fully grown Tyrannosaurus Rex wouldn't go for small prey once it reached its max size, and we can assume nothing here because trying to compare large megatheropods to today's carnivores is erroneous
@@Texasmade74I think you’re off base here. While a full-grown T. rex probably wouldn’t go for smaller ornithopods except out of desperation, there’s absolutely no reason it wouldn’t go after juvenile or sub-adult herbivores. A 1-2 ton Triceratops or Ankylosaurus calf is more than a T. rex is going to eat in a single meal. I could see a female T. rex with young only going after bigger prey given a choice, because she would have others to feed. But I don’t see a lone adult risking its life to take down an adult Triceratops when it could easily get a stray calf and satisfy its hunger. Nor do I think comparing theropod behavior to modern carnivores is erroneous. Predator motivations (hunger, sex, and self-preservation) haven’t changed. And predator behaviors like seeking out the weakest prey most of the time (unless there’s some reason not to) evolved because they have worked over millions of years. While the fine details of large theropod behavior aren’t known, it’s pretty safe to assume that their motives and general self-preservation instincts would be similar to modern predators. In fact, this is probably a much safer assumption than the ones made about their physical attributes, given how often those have changed over the years and the inherent problems in determining how an animal could move just based on bones.
@@Texasmade74Modern big predators will go after small animals. Unless it's an insect, it will provide substance for the animal. Lions go for baby gazelle. A rex would go for an animal that's as small as a big cat.
@@bluemarlin8138They say if you don't use it you loss it so T-Rex with them wonderful tools of crush kill and destroy obviously hunted adult pray. One find shows a horn from an adult Triceratops head was removed by you know who. Since that horn holds no nutritional value it would be safe to say the animal it belonged to was a victim. Now here is something people have a hard time wrapping their minds around but your club tails would be somewhat easy pray since their tail range was overrated. It only protects 45% of the animal and T-Rex has the brain and tools to remove it. Long necks 30 to 40 tons also could be in great danger since predators take down game everyday 3 to 4 time bigger. A T-Rex with them big oversized teeth and car crushing jaws can bite off a 150 pound of meat and would bleed a long neck out faster then Giga and the rest of his family.
The only two fully grown T Rexes found, Sue and Scotty, weighed 9 and 9.7 tons respectively. Assuming T Rex size was normally distributed (which is an entirely reasonable assumption), they were probably average size. So the average size Rex was probably closer to 10 tons.
I suspect they were probably faster than the latest estimates of 10-12 mph. People think large size means slow speed. But a hippopotamus will run down most people with ease. Just like Dr. Alan Grant thought a t-rex could only see movement, and now we think they had better vision than an eagle, it really proves we don't know anything for certain.
I think it’s possible for T. rex to have went after young Alamosauruses especially if they hunted cooperatively. While they have found Tyrannosaur fossils in the southern part of the U.S., where Alamosaurus was found it wasn’t able to be determined whether it was T. rex, a new species in the Tyrannosaurus genus or a new genus as a whole with the name Alamotyrannus being proposed for it. What can be worked out from these southern Tyrannosaurs is that they seemed to have some traits similar to Carcharodontosaurs which evolved to hunt Titanosaurs like Alamosaurus.
It would be hard to imagine T. rex not hunting juvenile sauropods. The adults would probably be another matter. And really, we don’t have any hard evidence that Carcharodontosaurs evolved to hunt large sauropods, or that they engaged in pack hunting. People have made that assumption due to their dentition which seems designed for slashing, and the fact that we haven’t yet found another smaller herbivore common enough in their time period to have made a dependable alternative prey. But considering how much less paleontological exploration has occurred in the areas where it was found, the lack of such prey in the fossil record is probably more down to us just not having found it yet than there just not being one. It’s not impossible that they evolved to take down large sauropods, but it would probably be a “bonus” for them rather than a primary food source.
It's not necessarily the largest megatheropod of all time. E. D Cope got downsized and 4-5 theropods like Giganotosaurus, Mapusaurus, Spinosaurus, Carcharodontosaurus, Saurophaganax & Tyrannotitan approaching It's size
Cope would still reach the 11-12.5 ton range ngl. Spinosaurus reached roughly 8+ with the giga at max, and quite liberally given the fragmentary nature of the larger specimens dentary ehich is unreliable in scaling is currently around 10.1. Mapu, leviathan the saurophaganax and carchar hovered at the 8-9 ton range
I don't see why Tyrannosaurus rex could not hunt Alamasaurus? Besides, Tyrannosaurus rex wouldn't have to take down full grown adults, rather take down immature individuals. Besides, Tyrannosaurus rex is so big and powerful that it would be very strange that it would not hunt immature individual Alamasaurus at the very least!
Yep, immature Alamosaurus individuals would definitely have been on the menu. In my opinion, any Alamosaurus less than 20 tons is still possible for a fully-grown adult Tyrannosaurus to kill.
Rex also had a sceptic bite from bacteria it it’s mouth that caused infection in wounds, and comes from a lineage of bleeders. It would’ve been capable of both with its curved serrated teeth. Unlike sharks which has triangular teeth meant to rip chunks and crocs conical teeth which are meant to grip, the Rex had curved knife like teeth which were capable of shearing flesh and crunching through bone. Of any animal in modern day the Komodo dragon has the most similar shaped teeth to the Rex and I wouldn’t be surprised if Rex hunted in a similar way to modern day Komodo’s how they prey on buffalos. The rex had the sense of smell and intelligence to do it and were large enough to hunt other large dinosaurs. There was a tarchia that had it skull crushed by Tarbosaurus, I’m sure Rex was capable of the same with Anky as it’s bite could break through solid bone armor. I see rex targeting the exposed rear of trike, attacking its back legs or breaking the spinal ridge or simply exhausting prey to death by following it harassing it and not letting it eat or drink with a pack of rexes for back up believe this is how they would’ve went about tackling large herbivores! They used their superior metabolism to wear them down over time and also used flushing tactics to ambush
@@Cosmo-Kramer look it up… rotting bacteria found to exist between the teeth of the T. rex likely gave it a “septic” bite, causing fatal infections in dinosaurs it wounded but failed to kill, there’s numerous studies and articles all acknowledging the very likely possibility! The Tyrannosaurus is thought to have had a very keen sense of smell 10x better than that of a vultures. it was a biological adaptation used to provoke infection, there is strong evidence for it but it’s still only a hypothesis.
This is completely irrelevant they never had a septic bite no proof the overhype on T Rex has to stop it is an incredible animal without a doubt but a lot of people including some scientists are going too far with ridiculous statements about T Rex having the strongest bite of any land animal is better and enough than so-called septic bite the tyrant lizard king is unique on it's own way.
Hi Overseer Are you aware that the Vividen has released a new video about the updated mass of Cope based on new measurements from Larson? Cope isn't 13.13 meters or 12.4 tonnes anymore.
The lack of major competitors for Tyrannosaurus isn’t actually indicative of it being “superior” to other predatory megatheropods, because the lack of competition had nothing to do with Tyrannosaurus outcompeting and wiping out other theropods as too often assumed. Keep in mind that tyrannosaurids as a whole evolved after the Cenomanian-Turonian Boundary Event, which killed off a huge number of clades and allowed the iconic Late Cretaceous lineages to evolve to replace them. It should also be noted that, unlike what fanboys often claim, Tyrannosaurus wasn’t unique at all in having its juveniles dominate the small/medium-sized carnivore niches: this was something all large predatory theropods did, and we have direct evidence for it not just in other tyrannosaurids but also in allosauroids like Allosaurus.
@@lightman3581 Because tyrannosaurids only evolved after there were no other large predatory theropods in the Northern Hemisphere, which is exactly the point I’m making. It doesn’t prove they were “superior” to other large theropods and outcompeted them into extinction.
T-Rex didn't compete with other forms of mega predators but it was superior to them in raw power and about everything else. This is the only animal dug up so far that could take down ( and yes the long necks to ) anything that ever walk the earth with correct bite placement. God didn't hold back any punches creating this bad boy if you don't count the arms. Nobody is perfect. LOL. So far no other land based predator can make that boost from what has been dug up. One day we may get a new king but it looks as if T-Rex is going to hold on to that crown for another 100 years or so with king Cope and queen Bertha taking the show. Plus T-Rex also had the others beat in the brines department to add to their killing power.
@@neganrex5693 No, Tyrannosaurus wasn’t THE best theropod *because there was no such thing as the best predatory theropod*. Bite force is only a part of what makes a bite deadly, and while Tyrannosaurus has bite force (and torsion resistance) in spades, it very much fizzles out compared to other giant theropods in all other aspects of what makes a bite deadly (its teeth aren’t as sharp, it lacks the neck specializations for vertically pushing the upper jaw in during the bite some theropods had, it has a smaller effective gape that makes it much harder to bite into wider prey animals like, say, a sauropod, etc). Not only is it not perfect, it has had to make sacrifices in some areas for the sake of evolving it’s dedicated specializations. It is NOT all-around OP any more than any other theropod is, in spite of what people increasingly think. And no, it was NOT good at hunting sauropods. Being good at hunting armoured prey doesn’t make you good at hunting prey significantly larger than yourself; in fact, in this case Tyrannosaurus sacrificed that capability for its specialized adaptations for tackling armoured prey. You do realize it’s spelled “brain”, right? And the idea T. rex was smarter than other dinosaurs is based entirely on outdated ideas about how intelligence works (I explained this elsewhere). It’s thus based on FALSE EVIDENCE.
@@bkjeong4302 So I misspelled a word so sue me. I don't feel the need for spell check unlike you. I didn't say it would be easy for T-Rex to take down long necks but he did have the tools to take them down. He gets a grip on a long neck right behind the head in an ambush and it's game over for the long neck. T-Rex could if you take him back in time to 98 million years to South America or anywhere else could cut out a good living since the game there has not adapted to a predator like T-Rex. If you took any Dino predator from anywhere else in the world and dropped them off in North America 66 million years ago their chances are very low of making a living for the simple fact because the game of T-Rex has adapted to fend off predator beyond them. What other predators would call hell T-Rex calls home sweet home. Plus they would also need to doge T-Rex or be pray them self because T-Rex would look at them as just another slab of meat.
T Rex wasn't the biggest mega theropod. How can a 12m theropods be the largest when you have many 13+ meters mega theropods & a 14.5m ( spino) theropod?
Man size is determined by mass/weight and imma say this: T. rex (Specimen Scotty) - 11 tons G. carolinii (Specimen MUCPv-95) 8 tons S. aegyptiacus 3.33 tons (this was one year ago idk if its outdated)
The idea of Tyrannosaurus having “more evolved” vision than other theropods is actually based on an outdated understanding of animal eyesight; it turns out that in nonmammals, and especially in birds (which are obviously theropods), binocular vision isn’t actually important for judging distance or for hunting (Martin, 2009). In fact, it’s so unimportant that some vision-dependent predatory birds like falcons have terrible binocular vision compared to less predatory or even herbivorous animals. So Tyrannosaurus’s binocular vision may not actually be indicative of it having better eyesight or indicate it was “better adapted” for hunting than theropods without as much binocular vision. The same also has to be said about its supposed intelligence advantage over other theropods, as not only is it dependent on the outdated idea brain sizes are reliable indicators of intelligence, its brain wasn’t actually “twice as big” or “many times as big” as various sources claim; its brain was only around 15% bigger than that of a similarly-sized (on average) theropod like Giganotosaurus. Furthermore, the other, “less evolved” theropods were likely far more intelligent than once assumed, as the idea these theropods were much less intelligence came due to their more croc-like brain anatomy and brain size….except that crocs turned out not to be dumb and instinct-driven but able to plan hunts, play with toys, learn and follow commands, and even hunt in coordinated groups; by extension this would also apply to all the “primitive” theropods, meaning there never actually was an intelligence gap between them and tyrannosaurids.
What's your source for T. rex's brain being 15% larger than a similar-sized Theropod like Giga? Not doubting you or saying you're wrong; just want to know if there's a research paper or smth. Also, unrelated, but please treat rodrigopinto6676's comments as though they were made of air. He's not worth arguing with.
@@jkjk7423 There actually are studies: for Giga I used Carabajal and Canale 2010, and for Rex I used Hurlburt et al. 2013 (which looks at multiple specimens of Tyrannosaurus, but they average at about being only 15% larger and even the absolute largest specimen in the study doesn’t have a brain even close to twice as big as Giga’s).
Correction: Was just brought to my attention thanks to The Vividens video that E.D Cope was likely around the 11 tonne range. Later studies will likely again either make Cope larger or smaller so keep your eyes on that!
@qbgrinddddthe vividen said that the é.d cope is decreasing in size, it now has a range of 11.5 to 11.7
@@M3g4l0d0n4😂😂😂😂
@@rodrigopinto6676 seu único argumento é ficar rindo ? Pela amor de Deus .
Still a massive animal! 11.5-11.7 tonnes is nothing to sneeze out. We probably won't get a bigger theropod until Bertha drops!
It’s 10.6
I absolutely love this dinosaur. Even though I prefer speed over strength, somehow, this animal still grabbed my attention and made me love it. I have such a connection to it it's insane. Love live the Tyrant Lizard King.
But could you do a case study of some of the most debateable creatures in paleontology? The Saurophaganax? But other than that, you've earned yourself a new subscriber
You are one of the best palaeontology youtubers. Love your content 👏
Thank you!
Another awesome case study. I absolutely love these video's could the next case study be on the meat-eating bull itself, Carnotorus
@@fullofvenom4500 th-cam.com/users/shortseaHiKZ0XaO4?si=dRCcKvTIlca1wch6
7:50 Personally, I don't understand why people try to postulate if Rex was hunting down full size adult members of large prey species. I think it's safe to assume that, despite Rex's full potential, survival and safety is always the best approach for a predator. Like any other apex predator species its bread and butter was probably picking off juvenile and already injured or ill adult members of the larger prey species. Not to mention Rex spent roughly 20 years to reach full adulthood so it would have spent a ton of time preying on much smaller animals and only moving up to larger ones when it became too big and tanky to effectively hunt the small nimble prey it grew up on.
It's almost a given that a fully grown Tyrannosaurus Rex wouldn't go for small prey once it reached its max size, and we can assume nothing here because trying to compare large megatheropods to today's carnivores is erroneous
@@Texasmade74I think you’re off base here. While a full-grown T. rex probably wouldn’t go for smaller ornithopods except out of desperation, there’s absolutely no reason it wouldn’t go after juvenile or sub-adult herbivores. A 1-2 ton Triceratops or Ankylosaurus calf is more than a T. rex is going to eat in a single meal. I could see a female T. rex with young only going after bigger prey given a choice, because she would have others to feed. But I don’t see a lone adult risking its life to take down an adult Triceratops when it could easily get a stray calf and satisfy its hunger.
Nor do I think comparing theropod behavior to modern carnivores is erroneous. Predator motivations (hunger, sex, and self-preservation) haven’t changed. And predator behaviors like seeking out the weakest prey most of the time (unless there’s some reason not to) evolved because they have worked over millions of years. While the fine details of large theropod behavior aren’t known, it’s pretty safe to assume that their motives and general self-preservation instincts would be similar to modern predators. In fact, this is probably a much safer assumption than the ones made about their physical attributes, given how often those have changed over the years and the inherent problems in determining how an animal could move just based on bones.
@@Texasmade74Modern big predators will go after small animals. Unless it's an insect, it will provide substance for the animal. Lions go for baby gazelle. A rex would go for an animal that's as small as a big cat.
@@bluemarlin8138They say if you don't use it you loss it so T-Rex with them wonderful tools of crush kill and destroy obviously hunted adult pray. One find shows a horn from an adult Triceratops head was removed by you know who. Since that horn holds no nutritional value it would be safe to say the animal it belonged to was a victim.
Now here is something people have a hard time wrapping their minds around but your club tails would be somewhat easy pray since their tail range was overrated. It only protects 45% of the animal and T-Rex has the brain and tools to remove it.
Long necks 30 to 40 tons also could be in great danger since predators take down game everyday 3 to 4 time bigger. A T-Rex with them big oversized teeth and car crushing jaws can bite off a 150 pound of meat and would bleed a long neck out faster then Giga and the rest of his family.
The only two fully grown T Rexes found, Sue and Scotty, weighed 9 and 9.7 tons respectively. Assuming T Rex size was normally distributed (which is an entirely reasonable assumption), they were probably average size. So the average size Rex was probably closer to 10 tons.
Tyrannosaurus rex has been my favourite Dinosaur since I was six and the Tyrant Lizard King is still my favourite to this day.
For the next case study could you do Pachyrhinosaurus, amazing video btw
Nice case study and I like the new look of your persona 🙂👍🦖
Leaving a comment for the algorithm, i love your videos Overseer.
I suspect they were probably faster than the latest estimates of 10-12 mph. People think large size means slow speed. But a hippopotamus will run down most people with ease. Just like Dr. Alan Grant thought a t-rex could only see movement, and now we think they had better vision than an eagle, it really proves we don't know anything for certain.
The thumbnail image is Mark Wittons Tarbosaurus, not Tyrannosaurus.
1. Tyrannosaurus rex
2. Spinosaurus
3. Utahraptor
4. Dakotaraptor
5. African Elephant
6. Bald Eagle
7. Lion
8. Tiger
9. Grizzly Bear
10. Orca/Killer Whale
Never underestimate the power of the T. rex.
I love your channel its one of if not the best paleo channels out there keep up the good work man 👍
I think it’s possible for T. rex to have went after young Alamosauruses especially if they hunted cooperatively. While they have found Tyrannosaur fossils in the southern part of the U.S., where Alamosaurus was found it wasn’t able to be determined whether it was T. rex, a new species in the Tyrannosaurus genus or a new genus as a whole with the name Alamotyrannus being proposed for it. What can be worked out from these southern Tyrannosaurs is that they seemed to have some traits similar to Carcharodontosaurs which evolved to hunt Titanosaurs like Alamosaurus.
It would be hard to imagine T. rex not hunting juvenile sauropods. The adults would probably be another matter. And really, we don’t have any hard evidence that Carcharodontosaurs evolved to hunt large sauropods, or that they engaged in pack hunting. People have made that assumption due to their dentition which seems designed for slashing, and the fact that we haven’t yet found another smaller herbivore common enough in their time period to have made a dependable alternative prey. But considering how much less paleontological exploration has occurred in the areas where it was found, the lack of such prey in the fossil record is probably more down to us just not having found it yet than there just not being one. It’s not impossible that they evolved to take down large sauropods, but it would probably be a “bonus” for them rather than a primary food source.
@@bluemarlin8138 Fair point but there is more evidence for social behavior in Tyrannosaurs than in Carcharodontosaurs.
Love your new crocodile 🐊 icon
Can you make a case study about the Gondwana hadrosaurs? It’s gonna be a very interesting video for sure
The latest study suggests that ankylosaurus was around 8 tonnes. Definitely low on the list of things for T. rex to eat
Ankylosaurus didn't exceed 4.5 tonnes in the new study
@@monsterzero521 That wasn’t a new study bud. That was a GDI done by a dino debate TH-camr.
@@hresvelgr7193 nope. That Gdi done by randomdinos. Do some research bud
@@monsterzero521😂😂😂😂😂😂
This is gonna be a good video
20km?! Good luck outrunning that 💀😭 this makes me wanna buy the beast of the mez rex
Everyone loves rexy❤
You misspelt Spinosaurus xD
Spinosaurus is not Even top 3
😲@@Sha-walter_goated
@@21Kikoshi 7 tons
@@resul3447 ppl use weight because t rex is the 4th largest. Largest is Spino, giga, carcharo, trex.
Trex, giga, spino, mapu. Thats top 4@@21Kikoshi
More
It's not necessarily the largest megatheropod of all time.
E. D Cope got downsized and 4-5 theropods like Giganotosaurus, Mapusaurus, Spinosaurus, Carcharodontosaurus, Saurophaganax & Tyrannotitan approaching It's size
Cope would still reach the 11-12.5 ton range ngl. Spinosaurus reached roughly 8+ with the giga at max, and quite liberally given the fragmentary nature of the larger specimens dentary ehich is unreliable in scaling is currently around 10.1. Mapu, leviathan the saurophaganax and carchar hovered at the 8-9 ton range
It is the largest, bur giganotosaurus is very close to it but the rest are far smaller than it
I don't see why Tyrannosaurus rex could not hunt Alamasaurus? Besides, Tyrannosaurus rex wouldn't have to take down full grown adults, rather take down immature individuals. Besides, Tyrannosaurus rex is so big and powerful that it would be very strange that it would not hunt immature individual Alamasaurus at the very least!
Yep, immature Alamosaurus individuals would definitely have been on the menu. In my opinion, any Alamosaurus less than 20 tons is still possible for a fully-grown adult Tyrannosaurus to kill.
Rex also had a sceptic bite from bacteria it it’s mouth that caused infection in wounds, and comes from a lineage of bleeders. It would’ve been capable of both with its curved serrated teeth. Unlike sharks which has triangular teeth meant to rip chunks and crocs conical teeth which are meant to grip, the Rex had curved knife like teeth which were capable of shearing flesh and crunching through bone. Of any animal in modern day the Komodo dragon has the most similar shaped teeth to the Rex and I wouldn’t be surprised if Rex hunted in a similar way to modern day Komodo’s how they prey on buffalos. The rex had the sense of smell and intelligence to do it and were large enough to hunt other large dinosaurs. There was a tarchia that had it skull crushed by Tarbosaurus, I’m sure Rex was capable of the same with Anky as it’s bite could break through solid bone armor. I see rex targeting the exposed rear of trike, attacking its back legs or breaking the spinal ridge or simply exhausting prey to death by following it harassing it and not letting it eat or drink with a pack of rexes for back up believe this is how they would’ve went about tackling large herbivores! They used their superior metabolism to wear them down over time and also used flushing tactics to ambush
What evidence is there that he had a sceptic bite? Just having similarly shaped teeth to extant Komodo dragons is not evidence.
@@Cosmo-Kramer look it up… rotting bacteria found to exist between the teeth of the T. rex likely gave it a “septic” bite, causing fatal infections in dinosaurs it wounded but failed to kill, there’s numerous studies and articles all acknowledging the very likely possibility! The Tyrannosaurus is thought to have had a very keen sense of smell 10x better than that of a vultures. it was a biological adaptation used to provoke infection, there is strong evidence for it but it’s still only a hypothesis.
This is completely irrelevant they never had a septic bite no proof the overhype on T Rex has to stop it is an incredible animal without a doubt but a lot of people including some scientists are going too far with ridiculous statements about T Rex having the strongest bite of any land animal is better and enough than so-called septic bite the tyrant lizard king is unique on it's own way.
Hi Overseer
Are you aware that the Vividen has released a new video about the updated mass of Cope based on new measurements from Larson? Cope isn't 13.13 meters or 12.4 tonnes anymore.
Thank you for the correction, must’ve slipped by that!
How large is it now?
@@iwonder1893 11.5-11.7 which it’s still a behemoth and opens the possibility of 15 ton rexes being more likely to have existed
@@iwonder1893 12.8 meters long and 11.5-11.7 tonnes
@@jkjk7423which is still freaking huge.
me favoret dinosour basic as it may be
The lack of major competitors for Tyrannosaurus isn’t actually indicative of it being “superior” to other predatory megatheropods, because the lack of competition had nothing to do with Tyrannosaurus outcompeting and wiping out other theropods as too often assumed. Keep in mind that tyrannosaurids as a whole evolved after the Cenomanian-Turonian Boundary Event, which killed off a huge number of clades and allowed the iconic Late Cretaceous lineages to evolve to replace them.
It should also be noted that, unlike what fanboys often claim, Tyrannosaurus wasn’t unique at all in having its juveniles dominate the small/medium-sized carnivore niches: this was something all large predatory theropods did, and we have direct evidence for it not just in other tyrannosaurids but also in allosauroids like Allosaurus.
If im correct there wasn’t any other large theropod which coexisted with Tyrannosaurids on the northern hemisphere during the Late Cretaceous
@@lightman3581
Because tyrannosaurids only evolved after there were no other large predatory theropods in the Northern Hemisphere, which is exactly the point I’m making. It doesn’t prove they were “superior” to other large theropods and outcompeted them into extinction.
T-Rex didn't compete with other forms of mega predators but it was superior to them in raw power and about everything else. This is the only animal dug up so far that could take down ( and yes the long necks to ) anything that ever walk the earth with correct bite placement. God didn't hold back any punches creating this bad boy if you don't count the arms. Nobody is perfect. LOL. So far no other land based predator can make that boost from what has been dug up. One day we may get a new king but it looks as if T-Rex is going to hold on to that crown for another 100 years or so with king Cope and queen Bertha taking the show. Plus T-Rex also had the others beat in the brines department to add to their killing power.
@@neganrex5693
No, Tyrannosaurus wasn’t THE best theropod *because there was no such thing as the best predatory theropod*. Bite force is only a part of what makes a bite deadly, and while Tyrannosaurus has bite force (and torsion resistance) in spades, it very much fizzles out compared to other giant theropods in all other aspects of what makes a bite deadly (its teeth aren’t as sharp, it lacks the neck specializations for vertically pushing the upper jaw in during the bite some theropods had, it has a smaller effective gape that makes it much harder to bite into wider prey animals like, say, a sauropod, etc). Not only is it not perfect, it has had to make sacrifices in some areas for the sake of evolving it’s dedicated specializations. It is NOT all-around OP any more than any other theropod is, in spite of what people increasingly think.
And no, it was NOT good at hunting sauropods. Being good at hunting armoured prey doesn’t make you good at hunting prey significantly larger than yourself; in fact, in this case Tyrannosaurus sacrificed that capability for its specialized adaptations for tackling armoured prey.
You do realize it’s spelled “brain”, right? And the idea T. rex was smarter than other dinosaurs is based entirely on outdated ideas about how intelligence works (I explained this elsewhere). It’s thus based on FALSE EVIDENCE.
@@bkjeong4302 So I misspelled a word so sue me. I don't feel the need for spell check unlike you.
I didn't say it would be easy for T-Rex to take down long necks but he did have the tools to take them down. He gets a grip on a long neck right behind the head in an ambush and it's game over for the long neck.
T-Rex could if you take him back in time to 98 million years to South America or anywhere else could cut out a good living since the game there has not adapted to a predator like T-Rex. If you took any Dino predator from anywhere else in the world and dropped them off in North America 66 million years ago their chances are very low of making a living for the simple fact because the game of T-Rex has adapted to fend off predator beyond them.
What other predators would call hell T-Rex calls home sweet home. Plus they would also need to doge T-Rex or be pray them self because T-Rex would look at them as just another slab of meat.
Tyrannosaurus Rex re chudh te Moja lagbo
T Rex wasn't the biggest mega theropod. How can a 12m theropods be the largest when you have many 13+ meters mega theropods & a 14.5m ( spino) theropod?
Because size isn’t determined by length, it’s determined by mass
@@niko_salanski5083thx
Look at the heaviest mega theropod and the answer will be Mr. T no rex
@@Captain_Crump yes
Man size is determined by mass/weight and imma say this:
T. rex (Specimen Scotty) - 11 tons
G. carolinii (Specimen MUCPv-95) 8 tons
S. aegyptiacus 3.33 tons
(this was one year ago idk if its outdated)
The idea of Tyrannosaurus having “more evolved” vision than other theropods is actually based on an outdated understanding of animal eyesight; it turns out that in nonmammals, and especially in birds (which are obviously theropods), binocular vision isn’t actually important for judging distance or for hunting (Martin, 2009). In fact, it’s so unimportant that some vision-dependent predatory birds like falcons have terrible binocular vision compared to less predatory or even herbivorous animals. So Tyrannosaurus’s binocular vision may not actually be indicative of it having better eyesight or indicate it was “better adapted” for hunting than theropods without as much binocular vision.
The same also has to be said about its supposed intelligence advantage over other theropods, as not only is it dependent on the outdated idea brain sizes are reliable indicators of intelligence, its brain wasn’t actually “twice as big” or “many times as big” as various sources claim; its brain was only around 15% bigger than that of a similarly-sized (on average) theropod like Giganotosaurus. Furthermore, the other, “less evolved” theropods were likely far more intelligent than once assumed, as the idea these theropods were much less intelligence came due to their more croc-like brain anatomy and brain size….except that crocs turned out not to be dumb and instinct-driven but able to plan hunts, play with toys, learn and follow commands, and even hunt in coordinated groups; by extension this would also apply to all the “primitive” theropods, meaning there never actually was an intelligence gap between them and tyrannosaurids.
Weren’t some crocodiles from Cuba able to understand when they were called by their names and also form close relationships with humans?
@@lightman3581
Not just those crocs, but yeah.
What's your source for T. rex's brain being 15% larger than a similar-sized Theropod like Giga? Not doubting you or saying you're wrong; just want to know if there's a research paper or smth.
Also, unrelated, but please treat rodrigopinto6676's comments as though they were made of air. He's not worth arguing with.
@@bkjeong4302😂😂😂😂😂😂😂 silent please🤫
@@jkjk7423
There actually are studies: for Giga I used Carabajal and Canale 2010, and for Rex I used Hurlburt et al. 2013 (which looks at multiple specimens of Tyrannosaurus, but they average at about being only 15% larger and even the absolute largest specimen in the study doesn’t have a brain even close to twice as big as Giga’s).