The Complete History of the Earth: The Great Dying
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 1 มิ.ย. 2024
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Intro 0:00
How Did This Happen? 3:04
The Dead Ocean 7:11
Terrestrial Casualties 10:20
Aftermath 12:51
Conclusion 17:41
#historyoftheearth #eon #epoch #geology #paleoanalysis #stemmammal #permian #thegreatdying #extinction
If there is one thing that has been proven time and time again as we journey through the history of life, it is that no species lasts forever…
Extinction is in fact a natural part of life. As long as the world keeps changing there will be species who succeed in adapting to those changes, and others who fail.
That being said, there are also moments in geological history that there is such an overwhelming loss of life that they are seen as one of Earth’s great mass extinctions.
This has happened five time throughout our planets history…. But even among these great catastrophes, this one stands out…
With an absolutely unprecedented 70% of terrestrial species and 96% of marine species dying out at the end of the Permian, this is the closest our planet has ever come to becoming a dead world.
Come join me as we conclude the Paleozoic Era with the worst thing to ever happen to life on Earth…
The only event in our planets history worthy of the title “The Great Dying”
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It's baffling to me that the great dying was an event that lasted over a hundred times longer than the entirety of humanity has.
Wuh- THAT long? Christ… and all that extinction was bad enough.
For this particular use, what do you consider humanity?
humanity is way older than 10 000 years
@@cyberlemmingasaservice7740 Yes, that is the approximate length of agricultural humanity.
@@david2869 you don't mean humanity then, you mean civilization.
*10km asteroid nukes the earth*
Siberian Traps: “Adorable.”
I mean, in fairness, there is some evidence the Siberian Traps were set off themselves by a massive impact. They were directly antipodal to the Wilkes Land anomaly in Antarctica, which appears to be the biggest crater on Earth(appears to be cause it is hard to study being beneath miles of ice)
It’s like getting shot and you’re like “geez that hurt, never wanna get shot again” but then your body’s like “Oh yeah watch this” and your stomach explodes
Giving the great dying an entire episode was a great choice, can't wait
The great dying was named after Michael Jordan
Man i just can't believe how awesome this series has been so far, never have i seen so much detail being put into all these eras before the dinosaurs even existed
Check out Nigel Marven's BBC series, they are older so they aren't up to date with all the new stuff, but he goes in depth on lots of these subjects in a really fun way.
Walking with monsters says hi
@@ErinMott09 i've seen walking with monsters, it's great, but it doesn't have the same overview of all things going on as this series does, also doesn't cover the earlier parts of earths history in quite the same detail. Still it's amazing
You might like "The History of the Earth" (both the channel and series name) here on TH-cam. Detailed, has historical context behind each discovery, talks a lot about the earlier parts of Earth's history that usually don't get covered (they haven't gotten to even the SEMI-popular animals yet!), and the atmosphere of the series is lovely. The last episode was about the Ediacaran, as I write this.
History of earth channel eats this for breakfast
You know an event where lots of things die is especially bad when it's literally called "The Great Dying"
The great dying has the same vibe to “raganork”, or something you heard out of a mythology
the most ominous name in paleontology, the moment when our blue world was almost rendered a sterile ball of rock, water and corpses.
And seeing that in the time table on the Wikipedia page of the Triassic there is a marked point about 8 million years after the Great Dying: full recovery of woody trees.
That gets more attention than its other name, The End Permian Event.
@@scvcebc, or the "Permian-Triassic extinction event," but colloquially, if any such event deserves the moniker of "the Great", it's undeniably this.
There's something, poetic, in how this single event. This one extinction, which took so much of the life on this planet, was named so simply 'the great dying'.
And the flip side is that the Cambrian is called "The Great Borning" (which should be the Great Birthing),
Twilight of the Gods
@@sydhenderson6753 This would be the first time I've ever heard it called that.
It has that feeling where the event is so huge, apocalyptic, and nightmarish, that only an simple phrase can capture the feeling.
@@starmaker75, formally, it's the Permian-Triassic extinction event, but colloquially, if any such event deserves this moniker of "the Great", it's undeniably this.
It's so sad to see what happened with the Trilobites, they really managed to get through so many things, they just couldn't handle the ocean's acidification in The Great Dying.
😢
Ya if they survive they might as well as seen in todays world
@@Jim-ku6ry I rather doubt trilobites would have posed a threat to us at all lol.
@@WokeandProudI dont think he’s talking about trilobites. We can’t just have trilobites and leave everything else. If trilobites survived many other species would have as well, and that very well could’ve altered evolution to the point that we didn’t evolve as we are.
The one thing that makes me the saddest is the trilobites. They just seemed so friend-shaped, and they lasted through so much. I'm sad they never made it to modern day. If I ever get to go fossil hunting in my state, I'm hoping to find a fossil of one (Ohio has many Ordovician age fossil deposits, but it's directly opposite of where I am)
If you think Trilobites are friend-shaped, do you play with a lot of millipedes and cockroaches? Because they look like a mix of the two. How do you feel about deep-sea arthropods? They are about as close to a living analog as you can get. And I don't have any friends shaped like that!
@Coleman Moore I keep isopods of various sizes and colors in my bioactive reptile setups, and I love them! I also breed dubia roaches as feeders, but I try not to get attached because I know they're destined to be eaten (Circle of Life. My beardies love them). I also keep tarantulas. My definition of "friend-shaped" is probably much more varied than most people 😆
At least we still have horseshoe crabs
@@invictus_1245 and the queen 👸
@@Swamy456 how do we tell him
*the oceans being almost completly barren*
some barnacle waking up from a 1,000 year snooze "man where'd everyone go?"
That barnacle must be really confused and then get depressed
Just want you to know that I and my 7 year old grandson have been watching your series about Earth history. He loves it, especially when you evolve into a new creature. He also like TimTim. He has learned a lot about the history of the Earth, enjoys explaining what he has learned to his mom and dad, and they are suitably impressed.
Fun fact, the siberian traps erupted under a coal deposit. In other words the Permian mass extinction was caused by burning fossil fuels!
How did they reach that conclusion?
@@stevenschnepp576 Probably by digging around, quite literally.
As for your statement, while yes it *could* be thought of like that, there are more factors at play than just that.
@@Techno_Idioto I wouldn't expect there to be much left of the coal beds after the traps erupted underneath them.
@@stevenschnepp576 Possible, but remnants could have theoretically existed.
Hope Timtim is doing better, he sounded like he was dying 👍
I think that was just a concussion from the landing.
He’ll be fine. Probably.
Timtim is undestructable. I´m sure, he will outlive all of us 🙂
We couldn't possibly be that blessed.
He sounded like he was _great_ dying... 😁👍
...I'll see myself out. 😂
An unexpected bonus episode.
Although... RIP trilobites. So long and thanks for all the fossils.
No one has brought the reality of time and evolution so close to understanding on a truly visceral level as this. I appreciate your solemn and weighty treatment of this moment (1 million years!) in our history. I adore this series (and all your presentations) for its educational and personable approach. Well done Sir and every entry is a greater treat than the previous.
I think the Trilobites can take solace in the fact that the only thing that managed to wipe them out for good nearly wiped out _everything else_
NOOOOOO not the great dying!!! We already had one back in the Ordovician! D’:
This one was much worse than the Ordovician extinction event😉😈.
@@nicholasmaude6906 Cannot like this. 😱
Actually we had them too many by this point
Can’t forget about the mass extinction during the Devonian period.
RIP Duncan the Dunkleosteus
I know I really liked my Guillotine fish
RIP Ivan the Inostrancevia
Pouring one out for you right now.
The solemn presentation of this catastrophic event really brings home just how devastating The Great Dying was. I'm glad you went with a dedicated video for this event. Thank you for such a great video!
Great episode. I especially appreciate that you played down the humor you have had in previous ones, giving credence to the grimness of this time in Earth's history. Mind you, I enjoy some humor, especially Tim-Tim, but here it wouldn't have been appropriate.
I mean, Tim Tim did appear briefly!
@@TheSmart-CasualGamer yes he did, but with minimal effect.
Well said. Almost an elegiac tone, and quite appropriate.
@@stuartaaron613 Fair enough!
lystrosaurus the king of the triassic
They were, in a loose comparison, the unkillable trilobites/cockroaches of the Permian-Triassic-somehow survived the unsurvivable, and were literally everywhere.
This has to be one of my favorite series on youtube! You can just tell these videos have so much time and effort put into them
If this was on TV, I would absolutely watch it and tell others. This series is well done, FUN, and informative
Truly makes one wonder what our world might be like today had it not happened.
I definitely wonder what kind of world we would have if not for the Great Dying. I also like to consider how different things would have been with the Great Dying, but without the End Triassic Extinction. The Age of Reptiles, but the Dinosaurs get some competition.
The planet would miss the current extinction even. The one that’s killing us.
Biden wouldn't be President
@@brianroberts783Dinosaurs might not have even evolved, because the archosaurs, their clade, might not have experienced an adaptive radiation.
There would be no difference because this event didn't happen. It was just one part of the inundating phase of Noah's flood. Ecosystems, not eras. Ocean bottom 👉 mid ocean 👉 shallow seas 👉 marshes 👉 coasts 👉 inland/high altitude 👉 more mobile and less dense creatures like sauropods, air breathing marine creatures, and birds.
This is probably the best episode yet. Your voice really conveys the true severity of this devastating event with proper cadence and gravitas. Keep up the great work 💜💜
That was rough. Hopefully nothing even close to that will happen again.
_meanwhile in the Asteroid Belt..._
it's actually pretty amazing how often jupiter has essentially saved us from possible impacts that originate from outside the solar system. doesn't help us with the asteroid belt but still. one example was jupiter pulled in a huge asteroid and there was a noticeable blotch in its red spot for awhile.
Thanks for focusing on this 'moment' in history.. I've always been fascinated with the Great Dying. Just the level of catastrophe it was, and for how long it lasted.. it's incomprehensible. And with the series, getting just the taste of the sense of how long some of the groups that finally died out lasted before this.. really adds to the devastation. The Smithsonian Natural History museum had a little place last I visited where it compared the sea floor before and after and it's just... stunning, not only how much emptier it is but how much more monotonous it is... one or two corals instead of dozens, a single type of fish instead of hundreds.. devastating and yet brings to mind parallels of how we have worked our environments
Imagine all the death. Just being one of the few animals living, and seeing all the dead carcasses around you. Like not just of your species, but EVERYTHING.
@@kyrab7914 It is so haunting. And to think the Earth is going through something similar now due to human intervention. *shudders*
I love how you tell this story with the somber tone it is due. The scale of the Great Dying is so immense it touches on an existential and cosmic dread few other events can.
And imagine not knowing the pure delight a snail 🐌 can bring.
You just made complete dumpster fire of a night at work, absolutely fantastic. Thank you
I've gotta say I wasnt expecting an entire episode on the great dying but I am very grateful to get one also it almost seems like you could potentially make several episodes on just this one topic. Just wish I didn't have to wait for it to come out even if it is only a few extra minutes haha.
Every one of these periods could make up several episodes, really.
We had a good run, but it ends here. Guess the channel will have to start looking at the history of europa or something, cuz theres *no way* earth is making it back after this
I love the somber tone you put to this. It really encapsulates the devastating loss of life that comes with mass extinctions, and it’s especially sad to think of what our oceans could’ve looked like had The Great Dying never happened. Thank you for these videos, you’ve done such an amazing job with them!
“No species lasts forever.” *Horseshoe crabs have entered the chat*
They don't contradict the phrase.
It’s been 6 months, man. Don’t leave me hanging. Triassic is my fav
One thing that may have exacerbated the effects of the flood basalts is the remains of a lot of coal seams in the area. It is suspected that, as the magma plumed upwards, it spread horizontally into these seems, burning that coal. As we know, coal is about the dirtiest of fossil fuels, and the vast quantities of burning coal would be released from magma vents across the traps. Thus, not only were there gases and aerosols in the atmosphere from the eruption, but there was also the impact of climate change like we see today. The Great Dying is a fair analog for the anthropogene climate change of today and what it could cause if left unchecked.
Ocean dead zones (low oxygen) are expanding, largely due to fertilizer runoff. Meanwhile, less Antarctic bottom water is being formed as the Southern Ocean warms, which could potentially shut down ocean circulation. And almost all coral reefs will die off soon (within a couple decades, likely sooner) as ocean waters warm.
I appreciate the effort put into researching and presenting this piece of history. It's important to remember where we came from.
Piece of prehistory really. No creature gifted with writing left us any Chronicles of the Great Dying.
And how the synapsids after hundreds of millions of years, when the creatures they shared the world with (the temnospondyls, the anapsids, the trilobites, and more) were gone with no descendants and replaced by arcosaurs, then, as unlikely as if the anomalocarids would return and dominate the seas, then the synapsids were back with a vengeance.
@@TheThrivingTherapsid The synapsids struck back. It is pretty weird that we came back from the greatest extinction event.
2 THOFTE videos in almost a week?
I would say this is like heaven, but judging by extreme heat and mass suffering maybe this is more akin to hell.
Poor Permian animals. - It was impossible to survive. Astonishing that anything did. This was a good video, but I wanted it to be longer. I wanted to know more about what plant life survived this...and how. You mentioned what plants died, but not what survived and whether or not lystrosaurus ate something that was also still abundant in order for itself to be so abundant. It appears to have an unusual mouth. Two saber-toothed tusks AND beaked? What sort of plants does that mouth eat?
Tough ones?
@@thaliazelmer2327 😄 yes. Maybe, underground roots! Tusks and beak might be used for digging and burrowing deep into the ground to find beet, carrot, and potato-like plants. (...If such plants existed then???)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dicroidium and similar plants - whatever sprouted to take over the dead forests.
I was really looking forward to this video and you delivered. Makes me wish that there was a "Day the Dinosaurs Died" type documentary for the Great Dying event.
Man, this episode, it hit. Crazy how different things could be if just one or two species from this cataclysm survived
Honestly this series is better than most series I've seen that go over the history of the earth and prehistoric animals. The quality, presentation, narration, etc are just amazing. Keep doing amazing work, dude!
My god! This series is fantastic! And it just so happens you have the absolute perfect voice to narrate it. I really can't wait for the next instalment..... hurry up!!
This has been such an awesome series. And as sad as the great dying is, i do know what happens, although it takes a very long time. So hang on guys. Your day will be coming!
Yeah, compared with the family tree of diapsids, the tree of the synapsids gives the impression of being severely mutilated, though a bit better than the anapsids...
I have watched all of these already, but the other day I sat here and watched all of them in a row. I thank you for putting out such high quality and well researched material. I can't wait to watch them all in a row again after another few million years of content
You are without a doubt one of the very best PaleoTubers.
Thank you for all of your hard work and dedication.
I love this series so much. It’s honestly what child me wished I could have learned instead of the patch work I was taught in school.
Thank you so much for taking the time to make this for us
A video on giant beavers would be great! If i remember correctly, there are fossilized giant dams along the Mackenzie River, Northwest Territories, Canada... it would be interesting i think... thanks for your work, it's an awesome resource for learning!
“Diseased nature oftentimes breaks forth in strange eruptions.”
- William Shakespeare, 1598
I see you too have watched Animal Armageddon.
@@strategicgamingwithaacorns2874 yep. One of my favorite documentaries despite the inaccuracies. At least the parts about the Siberian trap and Lystrosaurus surviving still hold up.
There is a Harvard press book called"the great dying". And oh man is it a good read. I wanna give props as as brief as this vid is on the subject you hit all theain points of a 200+ page scientific book. This was about the best breakdown I've ever seen. Great job!
I love this series so much, I'm fascinated. Please keep going, I want to know how we bounce back from this!
Have watched all ten in this series and look forward to the continuation of them until the present. They are very well made and you must feel proud of your accomplishment. Congratulations and I hope to see the next episode soon. Thank you for taking the time and effort to produce them.
This is absolutely my favorite series of all time. Better than game of thrones. I truly respect you and your awesome content.
F in the chat for trilobites.
By far the most enjoyable series on deep time. Thank you!
I do wonder when the next upload wil be i am looking forward to the continuation of this series
So AWESOME to see you with a SPONSOR! After finding your channel last year around April ive enjoyed every new upload and its good to see!
Please please come back to this series ;(
14:15 random car pass bellow the lystrosaurus
As always this series is one of the things I perk up seeing it come out. I'm glad you did this as it's own episode as well because it's a large topic that seemingly gets glossed over and moved on by alot of people on the way to dinosaur land.
Not only does each episode leave me wanting the next one, but it makes me want to find out more about the topic just discussed.
I weep for the trilobites. Farewell my brothers.
Anyone else feel like this was a season finally?
Love this series and all of your posts.
Can't wait for the next one!!! Im so hooked lol see kids! Learning is fun!!! lol
This is the extinction event that has always fascinated me the most and you covered it beautifully.
I love your channel. Great job of making so much information digestible.
No better way to start my morning than with a new paleo analysis video.
Funny coincidence too, I just finished the previous one last night!
Great series! Can’t wait for the rest!🍀💛🪸🦑🦕🌍
As always, informative and entertaining! Ty for this series!
Great work man! Love your videos.
I am loving this series, thank you so much!
This series has been amazing. Please keep going.
Never seen a video that goes into so much detail about how the Traps function mechanically. Super interesting and truly terrifying. Thanks a bunch and keep up this stellar work.
Just bingewatched this series.
Brilliantly done. 👏
I just stumbled on this series and this is the 3rd I’ve watched so far, I think this is my favorite so far! I am loving this series!! J can’t wait to watch more of your videos!
This is an amazing series! I’m so glad you took the time to do a single episode on the Permian extinction. Really excellent work!
Your delivery and organization is very interesting. Thanks!! 😊
Just found your channel, and I’m hooked.
This is a beautiful series and this was a wonderful episode too. I cannot praise your work enough and cannot wait to see more. Thank you for giving us something to look forward to and keep up the amazing work!
Absolutely terrific work. I have enjoyed this series immensely. I wanted to find a well put together series on the history of life/the earth and yours is the only i found. I was worried about the lack of selection but my worries have been replaced by excitement at finding such well made content. Thank you
This is the best explanation of the great dying I've ever come across. You taught me some new stuff about it and I thought I knew basically all I needed to about it
Great channel. You're script and narration are perfect so natural and not rushed or spouting info or stats like some channels. It really does feel like going on a journey. Thanks 😊
I love this series - it's how I found your channel and why I subscribed. Still looking forward to the next time period :)
This is the best youtube series we've seen! Please keep them coming!!
Can't imagine what it must've been like to live in a dark broken world like that. Truly horrifying...
Great video as always! Can't wait for the triassic!
Well that was a quick follow up to the Late Permian video. What a pleasant surprise!
This series has become my new favourite to follow in terms of prehistory, you're doing an excellent work with this series as well :D
The visuals are truly awesome. Great stuff in every way. It's a sad thing about the nature of existence that so much suffering and death is involved in finally you and I arriving here. Life is awesome.
Brilliant video. Looking forward to the next instalment as always.
Like every video before this was amazing and so well done. Thank you so much for doing this.
I know exactly what his gonna talk about and yet I'm filled with anticipation.
Most perfect, started rewatching this series earlier and now we are blessed with another entry!
I just love this series!
Amazing job ❤
This series - as much as all your other content - is simply SU-PERB! Easily one of my favourite channels. Thank you very very much.
Very nice series! Subscribed and looking foreward for the next episode!!
great series i hope you find the time and energy to keep going
Thanks for the awesome content and great video!!!
Lol the little car at 14:15
Excellent one, and you where right to make a special episode just for this major extinction event. Keep the good work up! :)
Imagine if all snails had gone extinct.
Rest in piece Trilobites. Had they not gone extinct they probably would have diversified in the vacuum of the Triassic
I love your channel! Just can't wait for the next one :)