The Mapuche and the Myth of Chile [Los Mapuche y el Mito de Chile] | The Big Picture
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 3 มิ.ย. 2023
- Traducción de textos en español (América Latina)
A film by Sanjiev Johal
In September 2022, following three years of widespread protests against crippling economic inequality, the people of Chile went to the polls to vote "Yes" or "No" for a new constitution. It would be the most progressive constitution ever proposed for any nation in history, recognising, among other things, the nationhood of the Mapuche - Chile’s largest Indigenous group.
But Chile voted "No".
Various explanations have been put forward as to why a constitution that promised unparalleled rights, representation and protections for women, the LGBTQ+ community, the environment and long-marginalised Indigenous groups, failed to get the majority approval of the Chilean people. But at the dark heart of this refusal is a long-cultivated truth about the country’s relationship with the Mapuche, namely: Chile’s problem with race.
Using the fallout from the 2022 "No" vote, this film examines how race and racism have shaped the myths used to forge the nation of Chile from the early 19th century to the present day. It sets out the path for this racialised legacy and mythmaking to emerge as a primary driver in rejecting the proposed new constitution, and shows how unprecedented land rights suggested for the Mapuche, as well as defining Chile as a "plurinational" country made up of diverse nations, helped trigger a deeply embedded wariness of Indigenous peoples among Chile’s majority population. It is, as we discover, a wariness inculcated across four centuries of racial "othering", marginalisation and criminalisation of the Mapuche.
As Chile revises the proposed new constitution and removes recognition of various Indigenous rights, The Big Picture: The Mapuche and the Myth of Chile asks if this moment is the inevitable culmination of the country’s history, congealed around the racist foundational myths that have denied and dispossessed the Indigenous people who first inhabited its land.
Photos courtesy of:
Penn Museum
Centro Cultural Palacio de La Moneda
Television Nacional de Chile
Collección Museo Histórico Nacional
#news
#aljazeeraenglish
#chile
#mapuche
#documentary
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Most mapuche people rejected a new constitution too
My wife and her family voted against it. My wife spent a few weeks reading it cover to cover. It was a trash constitution. To long, with too little dedicated to the operation of a democratic government.
If you watch it, you'll see they cover this in the film.
@@selwyncambridge i did... They basically said the mapuche people were brainwashed and couldn't think by themselves... Kinda racist if you ask me.
@@franzjoseph2809 I am mapuche, and we can think for ourselves, but most of us in poor zones are brainwashed, since mostly doesnt know much of politics.
Cómo iban a creer que algo cambiaría con una nueva constitución después de más de 500 años de represion ,discriminación y de usurpación ??????
The US, as always, interfering
And?
Maybe Qatar should recognise the bedouins in their constitution and begin a process of dismantling their modern state, repeal Islam and go back to pre-islamic "legitimate" way of life
Sounds good to me!
Al Jazzera enterview the wrong people. "Mapuches reject the proposed constitution with plurinationality same as the rest of the chileanpeople."
Those interviewed people doesn't represent mapuches voice. Probably are close to left politic ideas.
Not really, gotta get out of your own bubble
@@raquetdude Maybe you should. The areas with most mapuche people are always far right vote, maybe check that.
@@raquetdude those people interviewed are obviously sore losers of the last vote that are lashing out and calling everyone else morons
This problem repeats itself all across America (the whole continent). Aborigenous cultures have been minimized and kept at the bottom with the most racist politics. In Panama aborigenous youth live ashamed of their origins, when it should be the opposite! Religious groups and public education have managed to erase most of their knowledge and traditions. Countries lose their identity as "developed"... there should be better ways, there are, but it would take to change a whole imposed system
Not just the America's happens in Australia and New Zealand aswell unfortunately.
@@leo9344 Agree
The Mapuche are also from what is now Argentina and mostly from there, only the Argentines were a lot better at killing all the Mapuche than the Chileans were, although the Chileans did try, but saying that they are Chilean is a bit of a misnomer, otherwise why would Che Guevara have their word for a person as his nickname. Mapu - che, the people of Mapu.
Your source? Yeah right man
Che Guevara is called Che because he's Argentinean and the Argentineans say 'che' a lot. It's a part of their slang. Educate yourself before talking nonsense.
The amount of ads made this completely unwatchable
Tienen razon. Nacido en Chile. 12 años alla y de visita despues. Durante los 2 periodos claramente detecté el racismo chileno contra los pueblos originales de Chile. Como si no hubieran existido. También se debe al catolicismo que fue racista en chile y muchas otras razones terriblles.
My wife is mapuche.
. ... y tu eres Pikunche
Somos todos los chilenos originarios. En chile.
The “myth” of chile?
Now, I’m not chilean. But that’s quite a disgusting assertion to the Chileans who call the country home.
The most radical mapuche groups of Chile such as the CAM boycotted the constitution vote because it implied wallmapu being a part of the state still, and they reject the use of methodologies other than direct action against the state.
Sad story of lost Aztecs civilization due to age of empires.
Aztecs sacrifice children to their gods.
The phantom fingerprints of European colonization just has a way to make sure that indigenous peoples are always below the status quo.. Has happened in the US, Australia, Hawaii, Palestine, Canada, and currently in South Africa as well.... People can say that its a "delicate and complicated situation here in Chile" but its not really at all... Its oppression plain and simple
AND in Sapmi, the land of the sami people in northern Scandinavia. Exactly same course of terrible history…
Nuestra madre tierra ama a todos sus hijos por igual...no solo mapuches son originarios
En monte verde descubriron los mas antiguos de chile y no era mapuches eran otras etnias
don tomaso: non capisco
@@rubenaranibar6134 parla español?
And the second, supposedly right-wing constitution, was also rejected. Ironically, most Mapuche comunas rejected both constitutions. If I am not mistaken, the only comunas to vote in favor of the first proposal were located in the Region Metropolitana around Santiago. Urban dwellers have no conception of the wants and needs of the rural poor. I am not a Chilean, but I have lived through the last nine years here with my Chilean wife, and we both think that all the average Chilean wants is an end to division and a political class that responds democratically to the real needs of the people they all profess to serve.
It's a very complex situation. The country does need a new constitution, unfortunately voting in Chile is not compulsory and because of many years of dictatorship we don't really have a proper civic culture. It is getting better with younger generations. The division between Indigenous people is also a problem. So much hurt, it will take a few generations to heal. I hope for the sake of my country people unite and learn to respect and value each other.
El ser humano ,el chileno también ,es producto del sistema !
Fvck off commie, you all got paid to terrorize the population, ANDATE de nuestro hermoso pais, a cuba, venezuela, a anda a xupar piko de arabe petrolero, aca recontruiremos, restauraremos el orden y contribuiremos a la transisición energética que tus amigues terroristas y sus financistas tiránicos de medio oriente.
Todos las comunidades mapuches votaron en contra de la nefasta constitución que ofrecía la izquierda extrema y como mapuche no informamos, aquí en chile los mapuches tienen mucho más beneficios que el resto de chilenos
@@pedrohh1920don't they deserve more benefits I mean that's how it is in the US because there land was stolen.los Españoles Los mandaron pa la mierda! A little benefits is th least the government can do they deserve there own land and rules. That in the U.S. is a reservation and every tribe has one. We forget we came from them.
Debería haberse llamado "El pueblo chileno y el mito mapuche" deberían recordar también al pueblo Tehuelche, sigan la pista...
Su tiempo para poder realizar la fortuna que es convertirse en un papel
Funny, majority of the few Mapuches existing rejected that constitution, too.
Si es
This documentary doesn't at all go into details about how harmful CAM and their leader Héctor Llaitul had been to chileans and mapuche. CAM has run people of their land, burned their homes and committed acts of violence just because the owner didnt have a mapuche last name. Never mind if they where mapuche or not.
Funny how you completely leave out the historical fact how those very lands were and have been stolen, how communities have been driven out, oppressed and in several cases killed. The Mapuche are simply claiming what has always belonged to them and will keep doing so. There's plenty of land in Europe these very colonalists can (re)claim and use.
Donde comienza la violencia?... Vuelve a ver el documental mejor
Lo que se requiere, es luchar contra la pobresa, la corrupción, etc. Se requiere verdadera igualdad ante la justicia, para salvaguardar los derechos civiles de cualquier chileno. cualquiera sea su raza, su religión, y sus ideas políticas. Chile debe ser unitario, pues eso es la raíz de un pais, para poder progesar.
Good video. Shows an important historical process most Chileans do not recognize
The truth is, I don't know what the Mapuches want, they don't feel Chilean, they don't feel Argentine, they continue to claim land from hundreds of years ago, under the logic of the Mapuches, should we Chileans make a revolution in Spain to colonize us? well no! So in the end they are lazy people who become victims all their lives, they already make me bored killing people, it hurt me a lot to see the report where they burned a family of Luchsinger settlers. So should I love and go to Spain and do the same? not again! end the trauma and stop fomenting terrorism
dicen ser otros y hablan como chilenos jeje tienen el cerebro lavado por el comunismo jeje eduquense avancen no se queden atrasados como si los vikingos quisieran ser los de antes jeje y los romanos con gladiadores jeje..
Correct. True.
La union hace la fuerza. Tenemos. mucho que aprender de los pueblos originarios, para sobrevivir lo que se nos viene encima.
Que cosa
El hombre que tiene mente y el trigo con un amigo que tiene que ser el mismo alimentos del conocimiento total
Siempre interpreto las palabras de nuestro peñi Matias Catrileo cuando dijo en una entrevista que se le realizo :'' Chile nos ve como sus indigenas, como parte de su folclor .. No somos los indigenas de Chile .. Somos aparte ... Somos un pueblo que siempre ha estado aqui ... Que nacio en esta tierra y va a morir aqui ... Aunque sea luchando '' .
Estas palabras dicha por nuestro peñi siempre me dan energia y me despiertan cada dia del sueño que construyo en mi el estado español y chileno, con su educacion, su economia corrupta, su religion impuesta y su estilo de vida enfocada en construir un supuesto desarrollo a costas de destruir los recursos naturales y medioambientales de nuestro territorio que llaman Chile.
Why they need a new Constitution ?
Cause the last was written by a dictator that America backed during the civil war. Conservatives liked it cause it prevents progressive policies from passing but everyone else hated it cause it means that foreign companies own all of the nation…
because the current constitution does not protect citizens or the environment, it only allows uncontrolled capitalist freedom, of course there is financial freedom for those who want to profit at the expense of the people, there is no control or protection of the environment, there is too much corruption and the judicial system It doesn't work, that's just the tip of the iceberg of things that go wrong in Chile, the problem is that the richest 10% benefit from this system and use tv (obviously own by them) to spread false news, taking advantage of people who still sin of ignorant
there is no transparency in politicians
We DONT, it is propaganda, oil looby and narco-estates cooperating to weaken democracies and slow the energy transition.
We don't. Americans are trying to ruin us into a left liberal dystopia meddling in in every aspect
In 2025 at Yumbel 200 years of Tapihüe Parlamento: It will conmemorate Agreement between Chile and Mapuche about Mapuche territory...As ratification of a Spain and Mapuche Agreement about territory of Mapuche Nation...
I was in Chile September 2022 and there was a clear and omnipresent discourse that "there's no racism in Chile, we didn't had slavery". Again i went there, to the more rural and distant from Santiago areas, the reality is another, as show at this documentary.
Estuvo en Chile en Septiembre de 2023 y havia allí una clara e omnipresente mensaje de que "no hay racismo en Chile, acá no hubo esclavos". Ha volvido a Chile alguns meses después, en las zonas mas rurales e más lejas de Santiago, la realidad es otra, como explicitado en el video.
bro, my wife is a European decent Chilean, and im a from NZ....I had to convince her that Chile was racist and that was tough was I was going on the idea that everything was owned but European descendants, but she maintained that it was classist not racist, well its weird only one ethnic group making the elite class ahahaha.... but with this documentary I can give her a better picture. Alhamdulilah.
Viva chile !!!! Viva chile!!!!! Libre soberano "por la razón o la fuerza "
I request Al Jazeera English news to please make a documentary about the missing persons in Pakistan 🇵🇰!
El ultimo gobiermo elejido por su gente
Tartaria
Arto comunista el reportaje
Thank you for posting this.
Muy interesante !!
All these businesses, cooperation and no money for the working class or poor .???
Por la tierra hermana de los pueblos indígenas
Common theme amongst most Latin American countries - reject their native heritage and roots in favor of a euro-centric identity and culture. Self-hatred at its worst. Very sad.
Viva o império do Brasil e o Reino católico mapuche 😊
Hombre de la vida y de la tierra y la voluntad de Dios bendito sea Dios bendito sea Dios bendito el hijo de la tierra y el último día de mañana él hombre de la tierra y del mar y de el cielo azul es una puerta que está en la preciosa de Dios bendito sea Dios bendito sea Dios bendito
Todos somos responsables por el mundo del hombre que tiene mente de los seres humanos demonios
Por él pan de azúcar de los seres humanos vida son los seres humanos en la tierra y la noche
Full blood Mapuche in Samoa. Come to Samoa or Polynesian communities.
La vida de los seres humanos vida
Mientras los seres humanos demonios que están en la tierra de codicias y el espiritos de los seres humanos vida son los seres humanos qué son los erderedereros de dé la tierra de Dios bendito sea Dios bendito sea Dios
What this documentary doesn’t tell you is that at the time of the coup president Allende became hugely unpopular with the Chilean people because Chile’s economy was faltering due to his socialist policies. So ironically his preferred successor and socialist policies would have probably elected out of office if he wasn’t overthrown by Pinochet.
The documentary doesn't say it because it's irrelevant. No matter how bad is your perception of Allende's government nothing justifies the coup and the human rights crimes that followed.
Political embargos was the reason for the economic instability during Allendes time. If they had had another election perhaps Allende would have lost and Chile would have another President but unfortunately because of the illegal coup the country was thrown into a dictatorship for the next 2 decades and thousands were oppressed. The scars of that oppression are still visible today. Voting a government out is always preferable to fascist style regimes taking control.
La crisis del petroleo del 73 fue la estocada final
The truth is, I don't know what the Mapuches want, they don't feel Chilean, they don't feel Argentine, they continue to claim land from hundreds of years ago, under the logic of the Mapuches, should we Chileans make a revolution in Spain to colonize us? well no! So in the end they are lazy people who become victims all their lives, they already make me bored killing people, it hurt me a lot to see the report where they burned a family of Luchsinger settlers. So should I love and go to Spain and do the same? not again! end the trauma and stop fomenting terrorism
What are you smoking?
It is not okay when biased or incomplete stories are told. The Mapuche people, are not a native people in Chile, they arrived from Argentina, invading, eliminating and subjugating the indigenous peoples that existed at that time in the region, such as the Pehuelches, Huilliches, Cuncos, Chonos, the latter ended up taking refuge in the Island of Chiloé, the Puelches. All of them were inhabitants of what is now Southern Chile, long before the Mapuches. You have to read a little about the history of the towns. Regarding the territories claimed by the Mapuches: All governments, including those of the dictatorship, have returned millions of hectares to the Mapuches, but not to the few descendants of the true native peoples.
dicen lo mismo con respecto a los aymaras quechuas
Mapuches have been present throughout the history of chile since the beginning what on earth are you saying
7,000 year old Mapuche mummies say otherwise stupid coloniser
@@chapulinski58No se equivoca, la Etnia Mapuche proviene del territorio que ahora es Argentina, se expandieron hacia Occidente dominando otras Etnias en lo que es actualmente Chile.
Pero si se equivoca en decir que no es uno de nuestros pueblos originarios, ya que los Mapuches ya estaban aquí cuando se fundó y desarrollo el país, la Etnia Indígena principal Chilena es la Mapuche.
@@mr.toxicus7200 And from what history? Certainly not in the history of Incan Empire. Or the Empire of Spain. Don’t you know this public information already? Everyone always finds a reason to try and change history
This is so Biased. 62% rejected the constitution and in the communes with the highest percentage of Mapuche population (Galvarino, Ercilla, Victoria) the rejection of the constitution was around 80%. They accuse the false news, that people did not know what they were voting for or that they are ignorant. But the truth is that people do not want a constitution that divides them. They want something that unites them, to have the same rights and access to the same goods. This documentary based also does not account for the tremendous damage of terrorist organizations such as CAM, WAM, RMM, RML, RMC, LNM. 25 churches burned and 17 rural schools burned only since 2018. In addition, the losses resulting from the arson attacks have led to such a crisis that in 2022 $0 high-impact private investment was registered in the region.
Vengan de nuevo a hacer el documental, pero ahora si hablen con personas de todo el espectro del fenomeno
The Mapuche people are not native from Chile, they came from across the Andes, from Argentina during the desert ward, in the late 1800’s, it was a extermination of the indigenous people for their land. The conquest of the desert in Argentina (pampas and part of the Patagonia) directed by the General Julio Argentino Roca. Different tribes arrived in Chilean’s territory, calling themselves Mapuche, causing wars with the original people from Chile, at the same time Chile was in the Pacific ward against Peru and Bolivia
You’re wrong
Cute revisionist history, buddy lol. These white colonizers occupying indigenous land will get deported back to Europe, where they came from.
@@chapulinski58 Si, es así los mapuches no son originarios de Chile 🇨🇱
@Masde-rn4cu
Tu comentario es un garrafal error. QUE LLEGARON A FINES DEL SIGLO XIX? acaso no fuerón los mapuches que pelearón contra el conquistador español, en 1550 en adelante. Eso es muy anterior que fines del siglo 19. hay que opinar cosas coherentes.
min 2:42 "Eso me carga nuestros pueblos".
En realidad lo que carga es que ellos no se "crean chilenos", son "originarios" y quieren tener reglas especiales aparte del resto de los chilenos.
Tienen que DARLES tierras, el resto de los chilenos tienen que sacarse la mierda para comprar una casa o por último arrendar.
Forman comunidades y ni la policía o la justicia puede entrar en ¿"SU TERRITORIO"?
Lo peor de todo es que no se dan cuenta que los ultras de izquierda los manipulan como quieren aprovechando sus quejas de que han sido "sometidos", y repiten como monitos amaestrados todos sus eslogans.
Lo que no te das cuenta tú es que eres un tremendo racista.
Aljazeera is literally downplaying terrorism in southern Chile. The CAM, the so called "direct action group" has murdered people in the past, even burning people alive, including mapuches that don't align with their fight. Same with the WAM and other offshots.
The increase in military and police forces in the area was because these groups ramped up their attacks and violence, even when Boric, the most pro mapuche plight mainstream politician, was voted in. He tried to negotiate with them and they received the minister he sent with gunfire.
The so called "direct action groups" are no more than drug dealing terrorist organizations, a stain in the plight of the mapuche people and need to be dealt with, applying all the harshness and force of the law
cuanta mentira hay en este reportaje.
Why don’t you tell us Mr. Fact Checker
@@TruthPapiwhere are you from? Since you write like you know the truth
@@miguelbass8882 I’m from a place where you want to come but you cannot because our people look at you the same way you look at the Mapuche 😢
@@TruthPapi and by the way "papi" is a common expression in very poor countries in Latin america. We know that very well in Chile. So no need to tell where you are from. I already know 😅
@@miguelbass8882 don’t get in your feelings buddy. I’m calling it how it is.
W.G.F.?
We stand with Mapuche!
I hope Chile collapses, free the Mapuche, Rapa Nui, Aymara, Yaghan and Quechua people from this settler occupation!
@@purpleblastoise
Enfermito 😂
Chile es de los países más desarrollados en Sudamérica que mantiene una buena calidad de vida para todos los que lo habitan, incluyendo nativos y extranjeros.
Hablas como si los Chilenos persiguieran y mataran a los pueblos originarios cuando desde niños nos dicen que provenimos de ellos, además solo con decir que perteneces a una etnia nativa recibes más beneficios que un Chileno promedio
I like chilli rellanos
No.
el titulo deberi ser: el mito(la falacia)mapuche y El Estado De Chile.
Estimado, espero no sea chileno, porque no merecería ser llamado así si desconoce o reniega a tal punto la historia de su país.
@@sebastiancalderon3273 no apoyo la idea de grupos políticos de crear una nación mapuche y tampoco estoy de acuerdo con la idea racial de los pueblos que tienen esos grupos.
@@felipegallardo596 no me sorprende, no haces parte de un pueblo colonizado, entonces, ¿qué beneficio podrías ver en la liberación de este? Sin embargo, y aunque no salte a primera vista a ojos del grupo colonizador, en una relación de este tipo, ninguna de las partes está realmente libre, están atrapados en una relación tóxica de opresor y oprimido.
@@sebastiancalderon3273 no existen.
@@felipegallardo596 en tu cabeza.
My chilean friend told me that mapuche is the equivalent of the n word
Your chilean friend is completely wrong
@@javieraravena5345 in my time at school, it actually was.
@@sebastiancalderon3273 then what was the correct term? When I was at school we all learned they were mapuches, and that the world wasn't a slur
@@javieraravena5345 estuve en 12 colegios y en todos los niños usaban la palabra mapuche como si fuera un insulto. Además, en mi clase de historia me enseñaron aspectos de la cultura mapuche en tiempo pasado, como si ya no existieran. Ya grande, comparé varios libros escolares de historia de la época y todos los describían de forma peyorativa o folclórica para luego hacerlos desaparecer después de la anexión de la Araucanía.
If you mean to say that Chilean people can be racist, then you are correct. However we learn about Indigenous people in school. I wish they would have taught us to respect them and value them too.
mi perro es mapucho